JPH10252151A - Variable buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [PROBLEMS] To be used as a building for various uses during normal times, and to be a building that can be quickly converted to another use, for example, an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster or the like. SOLUTION: A movable frame 2 is provided movably outside a main body 1 itself which functions as an independent building such as a school, and the movable frame is moved to the side of the main body as necessary. By installing the slab 8 while covering it with the outer wall 7, the inside of the movable frame can be used as an evacuation facility or the like. In addition, the movable floor is piled up on the fixed floor so as to be able to ascend, and if necessary, the movable floor is raised to form a multi-story building. Furthermore, by installing a floor surface so as to cover the pool, it can be used for other purposes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable building whose use, scale and form can be easily changed, such as a building for ordinary use in normal times, but can be used as an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster or the like. Regarding variable buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the event of a major disaster, evacuation facilities for accommodating many victims are secured each time, but as evacuation shelters, various public facilities, especially elementary schools that are closely connected to the community And junior high school buildings are often used. However, public facilities such as schools do not inherently function as shelters, and while these public facilities are used as shelters, the natural functions of the facilities are naturally sacrificed. For very long periods, problems arise.

[0003]

As in the above case,
Conventionally, general buildings are not assumed to freely change their use, scale, or form, nor are such things possible, and the development of effective means to make it possible is not possible. Was desired.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The invention according to claim 1 is provided outside the main body which functions as an independent building itself.
A movable frame that covers the main body and is movable to the side is provided, and the movable frame is moved to the side of the main body as necessary to secure a space inside the movable frame, and the movable frame is attached to an outer wall. And the inside of the movable frame can be used by installing a slab therein. According to a second aspect of the present invention, an internal space of the movable frame is used as an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster. The invention according to claim 3 is that the use of the main body is a school. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the slab installed on the movable frame is stored in the main body in advance so as to be able to be pulled out. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the outer wall covering the movable frame is foldable, and an eave for storing the folded outer wall is provided on the movable frame. According to the invention of claim 6, when the movable frame is fixed, it is supported by the seismic isolation device, and when the movable frame is moved, wheels can be mounted instead of the seismic isolation device.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the floor is constituted by a fixed floor and a movable floor provided on the fixed floor so as to be able to move up and down. As well as functioning as a single-story building with a surface, it is possible to use both the moving floor and the fixed floor as a floor by raising the moving floor as necessary to secure a space between it and the fixed floor It is a multi-story building. According to the invention of claim 8, the use as a single-story building is a gymnasium and the use of a multi-story building is an evacuation facility.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a floor functions as an indoor pool for swimming in normal times and a floor is provided so as to cover the pool as needed, so that the pool can be used for other purposes. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, an evacuation facility is used for another purpose.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the variable building according to the present invention will be described. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment, wherein reference numeral 1 denotes a main body, and 2 denotes a movable frame. The main body 1 is a two-story building that functions independently as a school, and has a window 3 on its outer wall. Although not shown, a classroom, a staff room, and a broadcasting room are not shown. The school is equipped with various facilities and equipment that are essential for a school, such as a health room and a lunch room. The movable frame 2 is a structure having a column 4, a beam 5, and a roof 6 covering the whole thereof. In a normal state, the movable frame 2 is shown in FIGS. 1 (a), 2 (a) and 3
As shown in (a), it is provided outside the main body 1 so as to cover the main body 1 and is fixed there. However, it can be moved to the side of the main body 1 as necessary in the event of a major disaster or the like. It is provided so that it can run. In addition, a drive source and a drive mechanism for moving the movable frame 2 may be appropriate, but in any case, it is necessary to provide an emergency power source such as a private power generation facility so that the movable frame 2 can be moved without any trouble in the event of a disaster. is there.

In the event of a major disaster, etc., FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2 (b), 2 (b), 3 (b) and 3 (c), when the movable frame 2 is moved to the side of the main body 1, a space is secured inside the main body 1. 2 (b), FIG.
By attaching the outer wall 7 to the movable frame 2 and installing the slab 8 therein as shown in FIG.
The movable frame 2 is a two-story temporary building adjacent to the main body 1 and can be used as an evacuation facility.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the slab 8 is housed in a double slab 9 provided in the main body 1 so as to be able to be pulled out, and the outer wall 7 is foldable. The movable frame 2 is provided with an eave 10 for storing the folded eaves. Therefore, when the movable frame 2 is moved, the slab 8 is naturally pulled out from the double slab 9 of the main body 1, so that the slab 8 can be quickly installed only by appropriately supporting it with the support member 11. Further, the outer wall 7 can be quickly attached only by pulling down the folded outer wall 7, thereby immediately securing a two-story evacuation facility. By providing a floor and a partition in the evacuation facility thus provided, privacy and a certain level of evacuation life can be ensured.

As shown in FIG. 2, a common part 12 is provided at one end of the movable frame 2 and an outer wall is provided therein. A staircase 13 and a warehouse 14 are provided therein. The staircase room 13 has a main body 1 even in normal times.
The warehouse 14 may store various materials required in the evacuation facility, such as partition panels. Also, as shown in FIG. 4, a wheel 15 is incorporated into the leg of the column 4 of the movable frame 2 so as to be retractable by a lifting mechanism (not shown). When the movable frame 2 is moved, it is shown in FIG. Pull out the wheel 15
And when it is used as an evacuation facility during normal times (a)
As shown in (1), the wheel 15 may be lifted up and supported and fixed by a seismic isolation device 16 such as a laminated rubber. Reference numeral 17 shown in FIG. 3A is a guide roller for guiding the movement of the movable frame 2.

In the variable building having the above structure, the entire structure functions normally as a normal school without any trouble, and the slab 8 and the outer wall 7 are installed by moving the movable frame 2 in the event of a disaster or the like. As a result, it can immediately function as an evacuation facility capable of storing a large number of victims. In this case, the main unit 1 can maintain the original function of the school almost as it is, and the facilities such as the school broadcasting facilities, the health room, the lunch room, and the like provided for the evacuation facility are provided in the main unit 1. Can also be used effectively as it is.

The size and plan shape of the variable building according to the first embodiment are arbitrary. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the variable building may have an arc shape as a whole and an arc-shaped main body located at the center thereof. An appropriate form is conceivable, for example, in which arc-shaped movable frames 2 and 2 are movably provided at both ends of the portion 1. The school is most preferably used in normal times, but it can also be applied to public facilities for other uses such as public halls and halls.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the variable building according to the present invention. The variable building of the second embodiment is provided in the school of the first embodiment and is used as a gymnasium in normal times. The variable building according to the second embodiment has a fixed floor 21 and a movable floor 23 provided above and below the fixed floor 21 so as to be able to move up and down by a jack 22. In normal times, the movable building moves as shown by a solid line. Floor 23 fixed floor 21
Of the movable floor 23 by functioning as a gymnasium having the movable floor 23 as a floor surface, and by driving the jack 22 as necessary in the event of a disaster or the like.
Is raised to the position indicated by the broken line to secure a space between the movable floor 23 and the fixed floor 21.
Can be used as a two-story evacuation facility with both floors as floors. Therefore, also in the variable building of the second embodiment, an evacuation facility capable of accommodating a large number of victims can be secured immediately in an emergency.

In the variable building according to the second embodiment,
If the floor height is sufficiently large, it is possible to provide a plurality of movable floors 23 to provide an evacuation facility of three stories or more in an emergency. In addition, the use in normal times is not limited to the gymnasium as long as it has a floor height that can be converted to a multi-layer evacuation facility in an emergency.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the variable building according to the present invention. The variable building according to the third embodiment functions as an indoor pool in normal times, and can be used as an evacuation facility by providing a floor 31 so as to cover the pool 30 in an emergency. Pool 30
The floor 31 that covers the pool may be stored in the lower part of the audience seat 32, pulled out, and erected on the pool 30. Further, the water in the pool 30 can be used as drinking water in an emergency or washing water in a flush toilet using a water purification device.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above.
Although the variable buildings of the above embodiments can be provided independently of each other, it is more preferable to provide them at one place as school facilities. Further, it is more preferable to add the functions listed below so that the variable building of the present invention can function not only as a mere evacuation facility but also as a regional disaster prevention base. That is, the variable building of the present invention should have a seismic isolation design capable of withstanding a seismic intensity 7, for example, as having sufficient seismic performance. In addition, the fireproof performance will be fully considered, and as a measure to prevent the spread of fire, the buildings will be placed sufficiently far away from the site boundary and a fire protection zone will be provided around the site. As the thermal energy, it is preferable to avoid the use of oil and gas and to make it fully electrified. In-house power generation equipment is indispensable, and it is preferable to install solar cells and solar power generation equipment. It is preferable to ensure sufficient water tanks and warehouses for storing emergency water and food, and to use rainwater or pool water as miscellaneous water, or to make it usable as drinking water by a purification facility. In addition, it is preferable to provide a toilet and a septic tank in consideration of the fact that the flush toilet and the drainage facility become unusable. Secure disaster prevention radio equipment, network communication systems, and emergency telephone lines. The ground should be usable as an emergency heliport,
There will be an underground parking lot that can be used as an evacuation facility. The health room should have a minimum amount of medical equipment and a sufficient amount of medical supplies.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the variable building of the present invention is used as an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster, but is not limited to being used as an evacuation facility in an emergency. Even at the time, the form can be freely changed and used, for example, for a seminar room or an exhibition hall.

[0018]

According to the variable building of the present invention, its use, scale, and form can be easily changed as necessary. For example, when a disaster occurs, it can be quickly converted to an evacuation facility. It is possible. In particular, a movable frame is provided so as to cover the main body, and the movable frame is moved to the side of the main body to provide an outer wall and a slab, so that the main body can be used almost as it is for its intended use. The inside of the movable frame can be used as an evacuation facility, for example. In this case, if the use of the main body is a school, various facilities provided therein can be effectively used for other uses, which is particularly preferable. In addition, if the slab to be installed on the movable frame is stored in the main unit so that it can be pulled out, or if the outer wall covering the movable frame is folded and stored on the eaves, it can be converted to evacuation facilities more quickly. In addition, the movable frame can be easily fixed, the movable frame can be supported and fixed by the seismic isolation device, and at the time of the movement, the wheels can be mounted to ensure the seismic performance and the movement can be easily performed.

A single-story building such as a gymnasium or the like with a large floor is provided with a movable floor which can be raised, and the movable floor is raised to convert the building into a multi-story building or to cover an indoor pool. Providing a floor also has the effect that it can be quickly converted to other uses such as evacuation facilities.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a variable building according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of each part.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the same.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the variable building of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a variable building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a variable building according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body part 2 Movable frame 7 Outer wall 8 Slab 10 Eave 15 Wheel 16 Seismic isolation device 21 Fixed floor 23 Moving floor 30 Pool 31 Floor

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A movable frame that covers the main body and is movable to the side is provided outside a main body that functions as an independent building itself, and the movable frame is provided as necessary. The space inside the movable frame is made available by moving it to the side of the part to secure a space inside and covering the movable frame with an outer wall and installing a slab inside the movable frame. Variable buildings. 2. The variable building according to claim 1, wherein a use of the space secured inside the movable frame is an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster. 3. The variable building according to claim 1, wherein a use of the main body is a school. 4. The variable building according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the slab installed on the movable frame is housed in the main body so as to be drawn out. . 5. The variable building according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall covering the movable frame is foldable, and the eaves for storing the outer wall in a folded state are provided. A variable building characterized by being provided on a movable frame. 6. The variable building according to claim 1, wherein the movable frame is supported by a seismic isolation device so that the movable frame can be fixed, and when the movable frame is moved. Is a variable building in which wheels can be mounted instead of seismic isolation devices. 7. A single-layer structure in which a floor is constituted by a fixed floor and a movable floor provided on the upper part of the floor so as to be able to move up and down, and the fixed floor and the movable floor are overlapped to make the movable floor a floor. As a multi-story building that functions as a building and raises the moving floor as necessary to secure a space between it and the fixed floor, so that both the moving floor and the fixed floor can be used as floor surfaces. A variable building characterized by functioning. 8. The variable building according to claim 7, wherein the use as a single-story building is a gymnasium, and the use as a multi-story building is an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster. Variable buildings. 9. A variable building characterized by being used as an indoor pool for swimming in normal times and being used for other purposes by installing a floor covering the pool as needed. 10. The variable building according to claim 9, wherein:
A variable building characterized by another use as an evacuation facility in the event of a disaster.