Raionとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Russian райо́н (rajón), from French rayon. More recently influenced by the same name used in other post-Soviet states. Compare Ukrainian райо́н (rajón).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɹaɪˈjɒn/
• (General American) IPA: /ɹaɪˈjɔn/
• 韻: -ɒn
• ハイフネーション: rai‧on

名詞

raion (plural raions or raiony)

1. An administrative unit of some Eastern European and Asian states.
   • 1987, Cameron Ross, “Introduction”, in Local Government in the Soviet Union: Problems of Implementation and Control, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, page 8:

     Below the oblasts come cities of oblast subordination and raiony. At the bottom we find rural and settlement soviets. We should note that certain very small cities will be subordinate to the raion level. In larger cities there will also be urban raiony. In the republics of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaidzhan and Moldavia, there are no oblasts and thus the raiony and cities here will be subordinate to the Republic level.

   • 2000, Roman Szporluk, Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union, Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, page 119:

     Suffice it to mention that several thousand raion papers were replaced by “territorial administrations” organs, and that all transport papers were closed.

   • 2000, Yaacov Ro’i, “The Registered Mosques and Clergy”, in Islam in the Soviet Union: From the Second World War to Gorbachev, New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, part II (Establishment Islam), page 182:

     In Kirgiziia, which had thirty-four registered mosques in 1957, there were in that same year thirty-one raiony with none, and the ones which did exist did not answer the needs of the believer population either from the purely numerical standpoint or from that of their geographical distribution, and not only in raiony with no mosque.

   • 2025, Stephan Rindlisbacher, “Gosplan: How to Achieve Spatial Homogeneity”, in Borders in Red: Managing Diversity in the Early Soviet Union, Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, →ISBN, page 35:

     On the eve of the twentieth century, Veniamin Semënov-Tian’-Shanskii, Pëtr’s son, popularized the idea of dividing the Russian Empire into agricultural and industrial raiony.

使用する際の注意点

• The term describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is almost always translated as "district". A raion is usually an entity two steps below the national level.

関連する語

参考

アナグラム

• Ronia, noria, Riano, Irano-, Arion, on air, oiran, on-air