Varingusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From a Germanic origin, likely via Old Norse væringi (字義どおりに “sworn companion”), from vár (“pledge, oath”) +‎ gengi (“companion”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /u̯aˈrin.ɡus/, [u̯äˈrɪŋɡʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /vaˈrin.ɡus/, [väˈriŋɡus]

固有名詞

Varingus m (genitive Varingī); second declension (Medieval Latin)

1. (historical) Varangian; an ethnic Norseman with ancestral roots in medieval Scandinavia and other areas of Norse settlement during the Viking Age
2. (historical) Varangian; a soldier of Nordic or Anglo-Saxon origin, most distinguished for forming the elite Varangian Guard army unit in the Byzantine Empire, serving as the personal bodyguard of the Byzantine Roman Emperor in Constantinople

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

関連する語

• Varangia
• Varangica
• Varangicus
• Varangorum Cohors

派生した語

• → Byzantine Greek: Βάραγγος (Bárangos), Φάργανος (Phárganos)
  • Greek: Βάραγγος (Várangos)
  • → Old Church Slavonic: варѧгъ (varęgŭ)
    • → Old East Slavic: варѧгъ (varęgŭ) (learned)
      • Old Ruthenian: вара́гъ (varáh)
        • Belarusian: вара́г (varáh)
        • Rusyn: Варя́г (Varjáh)
        • Ukrainian: варя́г (varjáh)
      • Russian: варя́г (varjág) (see there for further descendants)
  • → English: Varangian (learned)

Further reading

• Varingus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)