Apostropheとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˈpɒs.tɹə.fi/
• (米国発音) IPA: /əˈpɑs.tɹə.fi/

語源 1

From French apostrophe, or Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos, “accent of elision”), a noun use of an adjective from ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, “I turn away”), from ἀπό (apó, “away from”) + στρέφω (stréphō, “to turn”).

別の表記

• apostrophë, apostrophy

名詞

apostrophe (plural apostrophes)

1. (orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.
   • 2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 30:

     Since its inception the apostrophe has been a controversial piece of punctuation.

使用する際の注意点

• In English, the apostrophe is used to mark the possessive (e.g., “my friend’s wife”), and to show the omission of letters (e.g., “my friend’s angry”) or of numbers (e.g., "during the 1960s and ’70s").

派生語

参考

• apostrophe on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Punctuation

語源 2

From Latin apostrophe, from Ancient Greek ἀποστροφή (apostrophḗ), from ἀποστρέφω (apostréphō, “I turn away”), from ἀπό (apó) + στρέφω (stréphō, “I turn”).

名詞

apostrophe (countable and uncountable, plural apostrophes)

1. (rhetoric) A sudden exclamatory piece of dialogue addressed to someone or something, especially absent.
   • [1835, L[arret] Langley, A Manual of the Figures of Rhetoric, […], Doncaster: Printed by C. White, Baxter-Gate, →OCLC, page 28:

     Apostrophe a bold digression makes,
     Mov'd by some sudden thought the theme awakes.]

   • 1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter XXXIV, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 139:

     The warm apostrophe of Riccardini to this little representative of his parents, whom he called "the son of his love, the child of his old age, the gift of his beloved niece, on the behalf of his angel-daughter," affected them all;...

派生語

• apostrophic, apostrophically
• apostrophize

関連する語

• catastrophe

語源 3

名詞

apostrophe

1. (botany) An arrangement of chlorophyll grains perpendicular to the outer surface of plant cells, as opposed to epistrophe (an arrangement on the outer surface).
   • 1905 September 8, Harold Wager, “On Some Problems of Cell Structure and Physiology”, in English Mechanics and the World of Science, volume 82, number 2111, page 105:

     As is well known, chloroplast in the epistrophe position presents an oval or more or less circular form; in the apostrophe position a flattened and lenticular form.

アナグラム

• protophase

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /aˈpos.tro.pʰeː/, [äˈpɔs̠t̪rɔpʰeː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /aˈpos.tro.fe/, [äˈpɔst̪rofe]

名詞

apostrophē f (genitive apostrophēs); first declension

1. Alternative form of apostropha

語形変化

First-declension noun (Greek-type).

参照

• “apostrophe”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• apostrophe in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.