Hybridとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin hybrida, a variant of hibrida (“a mongrel; specifically, offspring of a tame sow and a wild boar”). Attested since 1601, but rare before c. 1850.

発音

• enPR: hī'brĭd, IPA: /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/
• 韻: -aɪbɹɪd

名詞

hybrid (plural hybrids)

1. (biology) Offspring resulting from cross-breeding different entities, e.g. two different species or two purebred parent strains.

   Synonyms: bastard, crossbreed, mixing

   • 1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Variation under Domestication”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 26:

     Lastly, the hybrids or mongrels from between all the domestic breeds of pigeons are perfectly fertile.

2. Something of mixed origin or composition; often, a tool or technology that combines the benefits of formerly separate tools or technologies.
   1. A hybrid vehicle, especially a car; a vehicle that runs on both fuel (gasoline or diesel) and electricity (battery or energy from the sun).
      • 2025 November 18, Reed Stevenson, “Toyota Lays Out $912 Million Plan to Boost US Hybrid Production”, in Bloomberg News‎:

        Toyota Motor Corp. detailed plans to invest $912 million to increase output of hybrid components and vehicles across five states, part of a broader $10 billion commitment in the US over the next five years. Factories in West Virginia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee and Missouri will see 252 new jobs as a result of the initiative, the world’s biggest carmaker said in a statement. The move underscores Toyota’s bet that hybrids will dominate US sales in the near term as consumers balk at high EV prices following the end of tax credits. The investment may also strengthen the Japanese carmaker’s foothold in the market as Ford Motor Co., General Motors Co. and other US carmakers scale back EV ambitions and revisit hybrid strategies to meet shifting demand and emissions targets.

   2. (computing) A computer that is part analog computer and part digital computer.
   3. (cycling) A bicycle that is a compromise between a road bike and a mountain bike.
   4. (electronics) An electronic circuit constructed of individual devices bonded to a substrate or PCB.
   5. (golf) A golf club that combines the characteristics of an iron and a wood.
   6. (linguistics) A word that is internally macaronic, its elements being derived from different languages.

派生語

形容詞

hybrid (comparative more hybrid, superlative most hybrid)

1. Of or composed of mixed origin or composition.

   a hybrid mix of jazz and punk

   • 1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Variation under Domestication”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 26:

     Now, it is difficult, perhaps impossible, to bring forward one case of the hybrid offspring of two animals clearly distinct being themselves perfectly fertile.

2. Of a car, running on both fuel (gasoline or diesel) and electricity (battery or energy from the sun).
   • 2022, N. K. Jemisin, The World We Make, Orbit, page 270:

     Brooklyn has opted for hybrid SUVs, at least, to show environmental consciousness.

3. (animation) Involving both 2D and 3D animation.

派生語

関連する語

参考

• transgenic
• cultivar

参照

• hybrid, page 216, chapter: A Miscegenation Vocabulary in Interracialism, Terms from the Oxford English Dictionary, book: Black White Intermarriage in American History, Literature and Law, Edited by Werner Sollor, Oxford University Press, 2000 [2]
• “hybrid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “hybrid”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “hybrid”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.