praesumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From prae- +‎ sum.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈprae̯.sum/, [ˈpräe̯s̠ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpre.sum/, [ˈprɛːs̬um]

動詞

praesum (present infinitive praeesse, perfect active praefuī, future participle praefutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem (except in the future active participle)

1. to be before something
2. to preside or rule over

   Synonyms: prīncipor, praecūrō

3. to lead, take the lead

   Synonym: praedūcō

4. to command, have command, be in command of, have charge of, be in charge of (with dative of the thing or person being commanded)

   Synonyms: praecipiō, praesideō

   classi/exercitui praeesse ― to command a navy/army

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:

     Si supplemento opus esset, suppleret de legionibus quibus P. Cornelius pro praetore in Sicilia praeesset, […]

     If reinforcements were needed, he should supply them with the legions which Publius Cornelius, propraetor, was in charge of in Sicily, […]

Conjugation

Note: This verb takes a dative object.

派生語

• praesēns

参照

• “praesum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “praesum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• praesum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have the management of the state: rei publicae praeesse
    
  • to perform official duties: munere fungi, muneri praeesse
    
  • to be president of a court: iudicio praeesse
    
  • to preside over an inquiry: quaestioni praeesse
    
  • to be at the head of an army: praeesse exercitui
    
  • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summae praeesse
    
• praesum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication