punctusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /ˈpʌŋktəs/

名詞

punctus

1. (palaeography) The basic dot (‧) used to end a sentence in medieval punctuation (ancestral to the full stop/period).
   • 1993, Malcolm Beckwith Parkes, Pause and Effect‎, Plates and Commentaries, page 197:

     In the sacerdotal prayers in col. a the punctuation is by punctus flexus, punctus elevatus and punctus.

   • 2011 July 22, Tadao Kudouchi, edited by Akio Oizumi and Jacek Fisiak, English Historical Linguistics and Philology in Japan‎, De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 172:

     The most common item of punctuation was the punctus or point.

   • 2015 August 31, “Medieval Manuscripts”, in Albrecht Classen, editor, Handbook of Medieval Culture‎, volume 2, De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 1015:

     Curiously, the punctus versus was largely replaced with a punctus by ca.1100.

参考

• punctus circumflexus
• punctus elevatus
• punctus flexus
• punctus interrogativus
• punctus percontativus
• punctus versus

語源 1

Perfect passive participle of pungō (“I prick, puncture, punch”).

Participle

pūnctus (feminine pūncta, neuter pūnctum, adverb pūnctim); first/second-declension participle

1. pricked, punctured, pierced, having been pricked.
2. marked with points; stippled.
3. stung, bitten, pinched, having been affected sensibly.
4. vexed, annoyed, grieved, troubled, disturbed, having been vexed or annoyed.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

名詞

pūnctus m (genitive pūnctī); second declension

1. (Late Latin, New Latin; also mathematics) point

   Alternative form: pūnctum n

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

語源 2

From pungō +‎ -tus.

名詞

pūnctus m (genitive pūnctūs); fourth declension

1. a pricking, stinging, puncture
2. (dubious) a point
   • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 2.68, Jean Hardouin, editor, Caii Plinii Secundi historiae naturalis libri XXXVII […], volume 1, published 1741, Paris, p. 107:

     Hae tot portiones terrae, immo vero, ut plures tradidere, mundi punctus: ( neque enim aliud est terra in universo: )

     Notae. [...] 15. Mundi punctus.] Acutum illud est Senecae dictum, lib. I. Natur. quaest. in prooem. pag. 831. Hoc est illud punctum, quod inter tot gentes ferro & igni dividitur. O quam ridiculi sunt mortalium termini, &c.

3. (Medieval Latin) punctuation mark

使用する際の注意点

• (point): In older editions of Pliny mundi punctus (with punctus as a 4th-declension noun) appears, while in more recent editions it is mundi puncto (with punctum or punctus as 2nd-declension noun); compare Citations:puncto.

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

同意語

• (a pricking): pūnctiō
• (a point): pūnctum

派生した語

• → English: punctus

関連する語

参照

• “punctus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• punctus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• punctus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • in an instant: puncto temporis
    
  • to obtain many (few) votes in a century or tribe: multa (pauca) puncta in centuria (tribu) aliqua ferre