spiritus asperとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Unadapted borrowing from Latin spīritus asper, from Ancient Greek δασὺ πνεῦμα (dasù pneûma).

名詞

spiritus asper (plural spiritus aspers)

1. (orthography) Synonym of rough breathing.
   • 1836 May, “System of Orthography for Chinese words”, in The Chinese Repository‎, volume V, number I, page 27:

     h, as an aspirate, is very frequent in Chinese ; it is generally a stronger aspirate than in English : in the dialects of the south it is often changed into f, in the north into s, or sh. To mark an aspirate after a consonant, we use the Greek spiritus asper in preference to h.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈspiː.rɪ.tʊs ˈas.pɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈspiː.ri.t̪us ˈas.per]

名詞

spīritus asper m (genitive spīritūs asperī); fourth declension

1. rough breathing

   Coordinate term: spīritus lēnis

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun with a second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).

派生した語

• English: → rough breathing (calque), → spiritus asper
• Finnish: → vahva henkäys (calque), → spiritus asper
• → French: esprit rude (calque)
• → German: Spiritus asper
• → Italian: spirito aspro (calque)
• → Polish: przydech mocny (calque)
• → Portuguese: espírito áspero (calque)
• → Sicilian: spìritu àguru (calque)
• → Spanish: espíritu áspero (calque)