steleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “upright rock; pillar; column”), plural form στῆλαι (stêlai). Doublet of stela.

別の表記

• stélé, stelè

発音

• (modern) IPA: /ˈstiːli/; (formerly also) IPA: /stiːl/
• 異形同音異義語: steelie, steely
• 韻: -iːli

名詞

stele (plural steles or stelai)

1. (archaeology) An upright (or formerly upright) slab containing engraved or painted decorations or inscriptions; a stela.
   • 1820, T. S. Hughes, Trav. Sicily, I x 303:

     A superior class of members...had their names inscribed upon a marble stélé or column.

   • 1825, T. D. Fosbroke, Encycl. Antiq., I v 70:

     It appears, that when any one of the family died, a stelè to his memory was added to the tomb.

   • 1847, C. O. Müller, translated by J. Leitch, Anc. Art, §224 193:

     In Egypt [obelisks] belonged to the class of steles (commemorative pillars).

   • 1884, A. Lang, Custom & Myth, section 285:

     The Australian stele, or grave-pillar.

2. (archaeology, uncommon) Any carved or engraved surface.
   • 1877, A. B. Edwards, Thousand Miles up Nile, VI 143:

     Two large hieroglyphed steles incised upon the face of a projecting mass of boldly rounded cliff.

3. (architecture, archaeology, obsolete) An acroterion, the decoration on the ridge of an ancient Greek building such as a temple.
   • c. 1840, Hosking, "Architecture" in Encyclopædia Britannica, III 470:

     Stele. The ornaments on the ridge of a Greek temple, answering to the antefixæ on the summit of the flank entablatures, are thus designated.

使用する際の注意点

• Although stela and stele were used in antiquity for pillars and columns generally, and continued to carry that meaning when their use was revived in English archaeology and architecture in the 18th and 19th century, respectively, present usage usually distinguishes obelisks, columns, shafts (the body of a column between the capital and the pediment), etc., from stela and stele, which are used to refer to engraved slabs or small pillars.
• Furthermore, although the terms still refer to small pillarlike gravestones from antiquity, the similar-looking herms are now often distinguished, as are modern gravestones, monuments, boundary markers, etc.
• The terms do sometimes refer to undecorated rocks when they have been raised by artificial means in prehistoric times, particularly when they are slab-like, but the large Neolithic menhirs are usually distinguished as are Chinese scholar's rocks or Taihu rocks, and other modern uses of upright stones as decoration or signage.
• Stele is frequently pluralized irregularly as stelae, which is also used as a plural form of the more Latinized singular form stela. The anglicized Greek plural stelai has been used since the late 19th century but is less common than steles.

同意語

• stela

語源 2

From 1886 French stèle, from Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “upright rock; pillar; column”).

名詞

stele (plural steles)

1. (botany) The central core of a plant's root and stem system, especially including the vascular tissue and developed from the plerome.
   • 1895, Sydney Howard Vines, A Students' Text-book of Botany, section 179:

     The stele may have—in different structures—one to many protoxylem (primitive wood) groups, and is accordingly described as monarch...diarch...triarch...tetrarch...polyarch.

   • 1898, Eduard Strasburger et al., translated by Hobart Charles Porter, A Text-book of Botany, section 109:

     The so-called central cylinder, for which Van Tieghem has proposed the name stele (column).

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• Teles, leets, Steel, Leets, Teels, teles, Elets, steel, sleet

動詞

stele

1. first-person singular present indicative of stelan

別の表記

• stel, stelle, steole, steyle, stiele, style

発音

• IPA: /ˈsteːl(ə)/

名詞

stele (uncountable)

1. steel

派生した語

• English: steel
  • → Maori: tīra
• Scots: stele, steill
• Yola: stheel

参照

• “stẹ̄̆l(e, n.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

Inherited from 古期英語 stela, steola; a parallel etymology to English stale (“a handle, shaft, stem”, noun).

別の表記

• stel, stell, stile

名詞

stele (plural steles or stelen)

1. A stem or trunk of a plant.
2. A ladder's side or half.
   • c. 1225, “Seſte dale: penitence”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402)‎, Ludlow, Shropshire, published c. 1235, folio 96, recto; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, January 2018:

     ſcheome ⁊ pine · aſ ſein Beornard ſeið beoð þe tƿa leaddꝛe steolen þe beoð up rriht to heouene […]

     As Saint Bernard says, shame and penury are the two sides of the ladder that go right up to heaven.

3. A handle or shaft.
   • 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wyfe of Bathes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

     And in o purpose stedfastly to dwel / And nat bewray thyng that men vs tel / But that tale is nat worthe a rake stele / Parde we women con nothyng hele

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

派生した語

• Yola: sthill, stell

参照

• “stēle, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 3

動詞

stele

1. alternative form of stelen