skyrmionとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Blend of Skyrme +‎ fermion, after British physicist Tony Skyrme (1922–1987), who proposed the mathematical structure as a model of the nucleon in 1961.

名詞

skyrmion (plural skyrmions)

1. (physics, solid state physics, string theory) Any of a particular class of topological soliton that can be used to model certain properties of a nucleon.
   • 1985, William A. Bardeen, Alan R. White, editors, Symposium on Anomalies, Geometry, Topology, World Scientific, page 502:

     No conclusive results are available yet; the hope is that the skyrmion would be stabilized at ${\displaystyle R\approx \lambda _{c}}$, where the gradient expansion breaks down and yet the skyrmion may still carry the quark quantum numbers.

   • 1998, Physics Letters: B., Volume 430, Part 2, North-Holland Publishing Company, page 169:

     The properties of nuclear matter at high densities have been investigated in many ways. Castillejo et al. studied Skyrmion matter by placing SU(2) hedgehog Skyrmions on a lattice and show that the deconfinement phase transition and the chiral symmetry restoration occur above a critical density [11].

2. (physics, solid state physics) A type of topological soliton that occurs in magnetic materials and magnetic thin films.

   Synonym: magnetic skyrmion

派生語

Further reading

• Sigma model on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Topological quantum number on Wikipedia.Wikipedia