tamkinとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

tamkin (複数形 tamkins)

1. A tampion.
   • 1868, Great Britain Patent Office, ‎Bennet Woodcroft, Patents for Inventions:

     The superabundant wax is next removed, and two coats of paint laid over the entire surface of both plate and letters, the projecting letters being afterwards painted, by the aid of a tamkin or rubber, in a different colour or shade from that of the plate, the whole being finally coated with copal or caoutchouc varnish.

   • 1887, Samuel Pepys, Diary and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys:

     But he do say that people do complain of Sir Edward Spragg, that he hath not done extraordinary; and more of Sir W. Jenings, that he came up with his tamkins in his guns.

   • 1910, Congressional Serial Set, page 449:

     Charges, moreover, shall be made for storage, warehousing, and porterage ; for wharfage, cranes, locks, tamkins, sealing of packages, raftiehs, keshfs, declarations, measuring, etc., according to special regulations.

2. A brick housing that protects an access point where pipes beneath London could be plugged for maintenance.
   • 1959, Surrey Archaeological Society, Surrey Archaeological Collections: Relating to the History and Antiquities of the County, page 1:

     Its course was punctuated by tamkins, small brick buildings whose name, a variant of the word "tompion," still in use for the plug closing the muzzle of a gun, denoted their purpose: an access point for plugging off sections which required isolation so that repairs could be carried out.

   • 2010, Stephen Smith, Underground London: Travels Beneath the City Streets, →ISBN:

     The tamkins were access points where Wolsey's water engineers could isolate sections of the pipeline which were in need of attention.

   • 2017, Julian McCarthy, Kingston upon Thames in 50 Buildings:

     Sluice valves, the medieval forerunner of stop valves, were installed and to avoid tampering were protected within brick housings called tamkins.

語源 2

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名詞

tamkin (uncountable)

1. (Islam) A woman's duty to submit to her husband's will.
   • 1996, Mai Yamani, Feminism and Islam: Legal and Literary Perspectives, page 294:

     […] concepts such as tamkin (woman's duty to submit to her husband's will) and nushuz (her refusal to submit, rebellion), which legitimate women's subordination in marriage, but instead they add two qualifiers.

   • 2002, Donna Lee Bowen & ‎Evelyn A. Early, Everyday Life in the Muslim Middle East, →ISBN, page 140:

     It's a wife's lack of tamkin that causes such a thing. Why aren't you prepared to be in tamkin?

   • 2002, Hammed Shahidian, Women in Iran: Emerging voices in the women's movement, page 56:

     Since Islam claims to be opposed to injustice, any law that upholds injustice is anti-Islamic — and if a law is anti-Islamic, it must change. Reformist Islamist women have also proposed to modify the issue of tamkin.

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