wereとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Inherited from 中期英語 were, weren, from 古期英語 wǣre, wǣron, wǣren, from Proto-West Germanic *wāʀīn, from Proto-Germanic *wēzun, *wēzīn, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-. More at was.

別の表記

• ware (old eye dialect)
• weare (obsolete)

発音

• (英国発音)
  • (Received Pronunciation)
    • (weak form) IPA: /wə(ɹ)/ enPR: wər
    • (strong form) IPA: /wɜː/ enPR: wûr
  • (Humberside, fair–fur merger, strong form) IPA: /wɛː/ enPR: wâr
  • (Lancashire, fair–fur merger, strong form) IPA: /wɜː(ɹ)/ enPR: wûr
  • (Liverpool, fair–fur merger, strong form) IPA: /weː/ enPR: wâr
  • (Northumbria, strong form) IPA: /wɔː/
    • (Teesside, fair–fur merger, strong form) IPA: /wɛː/ enPR: wâr
  • (Scotland, strong form) IPA: /wɛr/ enPR: wûr
• (米国発音)
  • (weak form) IPA: /wɚ/ enPR: wər
  • (strong form) IPA: /wɝ/ enPR: wûr
• (New Zealand)
  • (strong form) IPA: /wøː/ enPR: wûr
• (Ireland)
  • (strong form) IPA: /wɑːɹ/ enPR: wär
• Homophone: we're
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)
• 異形同音異義語: whirr (wine–whine merger, fern–fir–fur merger), ware (fair–fur merger), where (fair–fur merger, wine–whine merger)

動詞

were

1. second-person singular simple past indicative of be

   John, you were the only person to see him.

2. plural simple past indicative of be

   We were about to leave.

   Mary and John, you were right.

   They were a fine group.

   They were to be the best of friends from that day on.

3. simple subjunctive of be

   I wish that it were Sunday.

   I wish that I were with you.

   If you were to move your chair a little, we'd all fit.

   • with “if” omitted, put first in an “if” clause:

     Were it simply that she wore a hat, I would not be upset at all. (= If it were simply...)

     Were father a king, we would have war. (= If father were a king,...)

   • 2011 November 3, David Ornstein, “Macc Tel-Aviv 1 - 2 Stoke”, in BBC Sport‎:

     Maccabi would have been out of contention were it not for Stoke's profligacy, but their fortune eventually ran out as the visitors opened the scoring.

4. (MLE, Northern England, Ireland) first/third-person singular simple past indicative of be.

同意語

• (second-person singular past indicative, archaic) wast (used with “thou”)
• (second-person singular imperfect subjunctive, archaic) wert (used with “thou”)

参考

語源 2

Inherited from 中期英語 were, wer, see wer.

名詞

were (plural weres)

1. Alternative form of wer (“man; wergeld”).
   • 1799-1805, Sharon Turner, History of the Anglo-Saxons

     Every man was valued at a certain sum, which was called his were.

   • 1867, John Lingard, T. Young, Introduction to English History [...] arranged [...] by T. Young, page 19:

     If by that he failed to pay or give security for the were, or fine, at which murder was legally rated; he might be put to death by the relatives of the murdered man.

   • 1908, Frederic Jesup Stimson, The Law of the Federal and State Constitutions of the United States, page 13:

     Written statutes busied themselves only with the amount of the were, or fine, or (for the first century after the Conquest) with the method of procedure.

   • 2004, James Fitzjames Stephen, A General View of the Criminal Law of England, →ISBN, pages 12–13:

     The consequence of conviction was, the payment to the person injured, of a were, or penalty, proportioned to the offencel but though this was the ordinary course, the recovery of the were was not the only object of the proceedings. "The were," says Reeve, "in cases of homicide, and the fines that were paid in cases of theft of various kinds, were only to redeem the offender from the proper punishment of the law, which was death, and that was reddemable, not only by paying money, but by undergoing some personal pains; hence it is that we hear a great variety of corporal punishments..."...

語源 3

Back-formation from werewolf and other terms in were-, from the same source as English wer, were (“man”) (above).

名詞

were (plural weres)

1. (fandom slang) The collective name for any kind of person that changes into another form under certain conditions, including the werewolf.

アナグラム

• Ewer, ewer, ewre, rewe, weer

別の表記

• weer, weere, wer, wære, ware

発音

• IPA: /ˈwɛːr(ə)/, /ˈwɛr(ə)/

動詞

were

1. inflection of been:
   1. second-person singular indicative past
   2. singular subjunctive past

派生した語

• English: were (dialectal war, ware)
• Scots: war, waar, ware, waur, wur, wir
• Yola: war, ware

語源 2

From weren.

発音

• IPA: /ˈwɛːr(ə)/

名詞

were (uncountable)

1. wearing

派生した語

• English: wear
• Yola: were, wer

参照

• “wēre, n.(4).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 3

動詞

were

1. alternative form of weren

語源 4

名詞

were

1. alternative form of werre (“war”)

語源 5

形容詞

were

1. alternative form of werre (“worse”)

副詞

were

1. alternative form of werre (“worse”)

名詞

were

1. alternative form of werre (“worse”)

短縮形

we're

1. Contraction of we are.

アナグラム

• Ewer, ewer, ewre, rewe, weer

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /weə(ɹ)/

接頭辞

were-

1. Prefixed to animal names to indicate a human that shapeshifts into that animal.

使用する際の注意点

• Words derived from were- are sometimes formed with a hyphen.

派生語

関連する語

• wer (were)
• wergeld (weregild)
• werewolf
• world

参考

• lycanthropy
• shapeshifting
• shapeshifter
• zoanthropy

アナグラム

• Ewer, ewer, ewre, rewe, weer