wiþの英語

語源

Probably a shortening of a Germanic preposition represented by 古期英語 wiþer, from Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”). Cognate with Old Frisian with, Old Saxon with, Old Norse við.

発音

• IPA: /wiθ/
• 韻: -iθ

前置詞

wiþ

1. against, opposite (typically + accusative with sense of motion or active opposition, typically + dative otherwise)
   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies

     ...;sē ūs ġescylt wið eallum yfellum.

     ...;He shieldeth us against every evil.

   • The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

     An. DCCLII Hēr Cūðrēd ġefeaht þȳ XII ġēare his rīċes æt Beorhforda wiþ Æþelbald.

     Year 752 In this year, the twelfth of his reign, Cuthred fought against Athelbald at Burford.

2. along, towards (typically + genitive)
3. with
4. for, in exchange for,
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St.Alban, Martyr"

     Eall swa þa unriht-wisan deman þe heora domas awendað, æfre be þam sceattum na be soðfæstnysse and habbað æfre to cepe heora soðfæstnysse, and swa hi sylfe syllað wið sceattum...

     So likewise those unrighteous judges who pervert their judgments, always for gain, and not for justice, and always offer their justice for sale, and thus sell themselves for the sake of money,...

5. compared with (+ accusative or dative)
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Swithhun, Bishop"

     Heora dȳre gold ne bið nāhte wurð wið ða foresǣdan māðmas...

     Their precious gold will be worth nothing compared with the aforementioned treasures,...

派生語

• wiþ þæm þe, wiþ þæm þæt ("on the condition that")

派生した語

• Middle English: wiþ, with
  • English: with, wi
  • Geordie: wi, wiv
  • Scots: wi
  • Yola: wee, wie, wi, wi', w', wough

副詞

wiþ

1. with it; together; therewith

語源

From 古期英語 wiþ.

発音

• IPA: /wiθ/, /wið/

前置詞

wiþ

1. with

派生した語

• English: with, wi
• Geordie: wi, wiv
• Scots: wi
• Yola: wee, wie, wi, wi', w', wough

参照

• “with, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.