b.o.sとは 意味・読み方・使い方

アナグラム

• OSB, SOB, sob, SBO, obs, BSO, obs., Obs, OBs

アナグラム

• OSB, SOB, sob, SBO, obs, BSO, obs., Obs, OBs

別の表記

• bovis, būs (rare)

語源

Irregular, for the expected **vōs/**ūs, accusative **vom, oblique stem **vov-, from Proto-Italic *gʷōs, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws, which also gave Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Sanskrit गो (go) (nominative singular gaúḥ), and English cow.

Most likely a borrowing from Sabellic (Oscan-Umbrian), attested as Umbrian bum (acc.sg.), bue (abl.sg.), buo (gen.pl.), buf (acc.pl.) all spelling /bō-/. This was likely motivated by the fact that the expected form would have produced an undesirable homonymic clash: with vōs (“you”) in the nominative and with ovis (“sheep”) in the oblique. It's unclear whether the borrowing included the entire paradigm, or just the initial consonant.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈboːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈbɔs]

名詞

bōs m or f (genitive bovis); irregular, third declension

1. head of cattle (cow, bull, steer, or ox)
   • c. 98 CE, Tacitus, Germania 18:

     Hoc iuncti boves, hoc paratus equus, hoc data arma denuntiant.

     The yoked oxen, the harnessed steed, the gift of arms, proclaim this fact.

語形変化

Third-declension noun (irregular).

Old Latin.

• The medial /w/ is often found spelled ⟨B⟩, normally not spelled in the form boum, and is sometimes lost in the forms bo(v)e and bo(v)ēs.

同意語

• cornigera n pl
• iūmentum (when used to pull carts); armentum (when used to pull plows)

上位語

• iūmenta (when used to pull carts); armenta (when used to pull plows)

下位語

• taurus m
• vacca f
• vitulus m

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

参照

• “bōs” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “bōs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 74

Further reading

• “bos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “bos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "bos", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “bos”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• “On Latin bōs”, in laohutiger.wordpress.com, 2 January 2012, retrieved 16 June 2021