bacaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

baca

1. genitive plural of bæc
2. genitive plural of bæċ

語源

Unknown. Possibly:

• If from Proto-Indo-European, it may be connected to Lithuanian bapkas (“berry, laurel”), which renders a sound-symbolic root *bab- (“to be round; small fruit”), evolving into *bab-ca and finally bā̆(c)ca (with compensatory lengthening or gemination). This etymology suffers from phonological problems as well as the paucity of cognates, but for the alternation compare the pairs cippus : cīpus and littera : lītera.
• Somehow related to Ancient Greek Βάκχος (Bákkhos, “Bacchus; twig used as a symbol of Bacchus?”), which cannot be inherited and may be Pre-Greek or Anatolian in origin.
• More likely, from a local substrate source perhaps shared with Proto-Berber *bqā (“blackberry, mulberry, shrub berry”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈbaː.ka/, [ˈbäːkä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈba.ka/, [ˈbäːkä]

名詞

bāca f (genitive bācae); first declension

1. various small fruit of trees and shrubs: a berry, stone fruit (including olives, cherries)
   • 23 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia 16.219:

     Et hāctenus sint speciēs ac genera pōmōrum: nātūrās artius colligī pār est. alia siliquīs distinguntur, ipsīs dulcibus sēmenque conplexīs amārum, cum in plūribus sēmina placeant, in siliquā damnentur; alia bācīs, quārum intus lignum et extrā carō, ut olīvīs, cerasīs; aliquōrum intus bācae, forīs lignum, ut iīs quae in Aegyptō dīximus gignī. quae bācīs nātūra, eadem et pōmīs.

2. an olive fruit in particular, an olive-berry

   Synonyms: olīva, olea

3. a pearl

   Synonyms: margarīta, margarītum

4. a coral bead or piece

語形変化

First-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “baca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “baca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "baca", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• baca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.