citusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkɪ.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈt͡ʃiː.t̪us]

Participle

citus (feminine cita, neuter citum); first/second-declension participle

1. put in motion, moved, stirred, shaken; quick, swift, rapid; having been moved
2. summoned, called, having been summoned
3. invoked, appealed to, having been invoked
4. roused, stimulated, excited, provoked, having been provoked

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

形容詞

citus (feminine cita, neuter citum, comparative citior, superlative citissimus, adverb citō); first/second-declension adjective

1. swift, quick, rapid
2. early

使用する際の注意点

According to Döderlein, citus and celer mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.

On the other hand, vēlōx and pernīx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)

Thirdly, properus and festīnus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生した語

• ⇒ Italian: citofono

参照

• “citus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “citus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "citus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• citus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.