droughteとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From the oblique forms of 古期英語 drūgaþ (and the variant drūgaþe), from dryġe (“dry”); equivalent to drye +‎ -the (abstract nominal suffix). Compare Middle Dutch drôochte, Middle Low German drö̂gede.

発音

• IPA: /ˈdruxt(ə)/, /ˈdruːxt(ə)/, /ˈdruxθ(ə)/, /ˈdruːð(ə)/, /ˈdruːθ(ə)/
• IPA: /ˈdrɔxt(ə)/, /ˈdrɔu̯xt(ə)/, /-θ(ə)/ (with lowering)

名詞

droughte (uncountable)

1. Drought; an absence of rain.
   • 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:

     Whan that Auerill w his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour […]

     When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]

2. Aridity; an absence of water.
3. Inherent "dryness" (according to the medieval worldview).
4. (rare) Thirstiness; a bodily need of water.

派生した語

• English: drought (dialectal or obsolete drouth, druft)
• Scots: drocht, drouth

参照

• “drǒught(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.