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意味・対訳 ゲルマーヌス； ゲルマヌス
Wiktionary英語版での「germanus」の意味 |
Germanus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/09/22 20:11 UTC 版)
語源
First used by Caesar and Tacitus to describe tribes as distinct from the Gauls and originally from the east of the Rhine. Of uncertain origin; several conjectures now deemed improbable have been put forward, such as:
- being from a Celtic/Gaulish word meaning "neighbor", from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“short”) (whence Irish gair (“neighbor”, literally “nearby”)),
- or being from a Celtic/Gaulish word meaning "noisy", from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂r- (“to shout”) (whence Proto-Celtic *garman, Latin garriō),; compare also Proto-Celtic *garsman which also gave Latin Garmanus;
- or being related to Old High German gēr (“spear”).
It may have originally been the name of a particular tribe.
Note: it is not to be confused with the word germānus (“of brothers or sisters”), which derives from germen (“sprout, bud”) and is thought to be unrelated.
More at Germani.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɡɛrˈmaː.nʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [d͡ʒerˈmaː.nus]
- Homophone: germānus
語形変化
First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | Germānus | Germāna | Germānum | Germānī | Germānae | Germāna | |
| genitive | Germānī | Germānae | Germānī | Germānōrum | Germānārum | Germānōrum | |
| dative | Germānō | Germānae | Germānō | Germānīs | |||
| accusative | Germānum | Germānam | Germānum | Germānōs | Germānās | Germāna | |
| ablative | Germānō | Germānā | Germānō | Germānīs | |||
| vocative | Germāne | Germāna | Germānum | Germānī | Germānae | Germāna | |
名詞
Germānus m (genitive Germānī); second declension
- a Germanic person (male); member of a Germanic tribe
語形変化
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | Germānus | Germānī |
| genitive | Germānī | Germānōrum |
| dative | Germānō | Germānīs |
| accusative | Germānum | Germānōs |
| ablative | Germānō | Germānīs |
| vocative | Germāne | Germānī |
派生語
- Germāna
- germānicus
- Germānia
派生した語
- Albanian: gjerman
- Dutch: Germaan
- English: German
- Greek: Γερμανός (Germanós)
- Italian: germano
- Portuguese: germano
- Romanian: german
- Sicilian: girmanu
- Spanish: germano
参照
- “Germanus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Germanus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- ↑ The Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories (1991, →ISBN), page 194
- ↑ Ernest Weekley, An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English, volume 1 (A-K) (2013, →ISBN), page 634: "Prob. orig. name of particular tribe. [...] Etymologies proposed for the name (e.g. Olr. gair, neighhour, gairm, war-cry, OHG. ger, spear) are pure conjectures."
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