habitusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

名詞

habitus (usually uncountable, plural habiti or habitus or habituses)

1. (zoology) Habitude; mode of life; bearing.
2. (zoology, chiefly invertebrates) General appearance.
   • 1963, Alan H. Cheetham, Late Eocene Zoogeography of the Eastern Gulf Coast Region, page 30:

     [M]any species having eschariform zoaria in quiet water are able to assume the membraniporiform habitus in strongly agitated water.

3. (botany) habit
4. (anatomy, medicine) the general shape and appearance of the body, usually with reference to weight, adipose distribution, posture, and gait; most often called by the collocation body habitus.
5. (sociology) The lifestyle, values, dispositions and expectations of particular social groups that are acquired through the activities and experiences of everyday life.
   • 2019, Raúl Sánchez García, “Reformulation, expansion, and hybridisation of Japanese martial arts”, in The Historical Sociology of Japanese Martial Arts (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society), Abingdon, Oxfordshire; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, part III (Martial artists):

     A wrestler could gain the rank of ōzeki based on his competitive achievements, but the promotion to yokozuna implied the presence of a certain habitus than embodied the quintessential traditional Japaneseness.

6. (liturgy) The liturgical clothing of monks, nuns and the clerical community, metaphorically referring to the religious mode of life.

使用する際の注意点

• The main distinction between usage in botany versus zoology is that a plant's habit is a more or less technical statement of its growth form and structure (e.g. liana vs. tree vs. acaulescent herbaceous), while in zoology, the habitus is often not even qualified or described other than to serve as a more technical statement that the taxon resembles another. This is especially common for Hexapoda and Arachnida.

派生語

• cleft habitus

参照

• “habitus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• ushabti

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈha.bɪ.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈaː.bi.t̪us]

Participle

habitus (feminine habita, neuter habitum); first/second-declension participle

1. retained, maintained, having been maintained
2. (by extension) well-kept; stout, fleshy, burly

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生した語

• Sardinian: àpidu, àpitu, àpiu

語源 2

From habeō (I have) +‎ -tus (noun formation suffix). Distantly related to gift.

名詞

habitus m (genitive habitūs); fourth declension

1. external aspect, appearance, posture, frame

   Synonyms: speciēs, faciēs, fōrma, frōns

2. habit; disposition; character

   Synonyms: indolēs, natura, ingenium, mēns, character

3. physical or emotional condition
4. dress, attire

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生した語

参照

• “habitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “habitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• habitus in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• "habitus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • humour; disposition: animi affectio or habitus (De Inv. 2. 5)