including ...とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/, /ɪŋˈkluːdɪŋ/

前置詞

including

1. Such as, among which; introducing one or more parts of the group or topic just mentioned.
   • 2013 August 10, “Can China clean up fast enough?”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

     All this has led to an explosion of protest across China, including among a middle class that has discovered nimbyism.

   All you have to do is to fill in the details, including your name and address and the amount you wish to give.

2. (rare, nonstandard) Introducing a finite clause.
   • 2006 March 27, John Whiting (of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLC), transcribed in The 2006 Budget: Fourth Report of [United Kingdom House of Commons Treasury Committee] Session 2005-06, Volume II, →ISBN, page 20:

     I have always argued that it is one that deserves a thorough-going policy review, which might come to all sorts of conclusions, including it is doing what the Government of the day wants it to.

別の表記

• incl. (abbreviation)

派生語

動詞

including

1. present participle and gerund of include

参照

• “including”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.