WO2022039448A1 - 음극의 전리튬화 장치 및 음극의 전리튬화 방법 - Google Patents
음극의 전리튬화 장치 및 음극의 전리튬화 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022039448A1 WO2022039448A1 PCT/KR2021/010786 KR2021010786W WO2022039448A1 WO 2022039448 A1 WO2022039448 A1 WO 2022039448A1 KR 2021010786 W KR2021010786 W KR 2021010786W WO 2022039448 A1 WO2022039448 A1 WO 2022039448A1
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- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for prelithiation of an anode and a method for prelithiation of an anode. More particularly, it relates to an apparatus for pre-lithiation of a negative electrode including a high-pressure diaphragm, and a method for pre-lithiation of a negative electrode.
- водород batteries are sometimes classified into lithium ion batteries, lithium ion polymer batteries, lithium polymer batteries, etc. depending on the composition of the electrode and electrolyte. is increasing
- secondary batteries depending on the shape of the battery case, a cylindrical battery and a prismatic battery in which the electrode assembly is built in a cylindrical or prismatic metal can, and a pouch-type battery in which the electrode assembly is built in a pouch-type case of an aluminum laminate sheet
- the electrode assembly built into the battery case consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator structure interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is a power generating element capable of charging and discharging. It is classified into a jelly-roll type wound with a separator interposed therebetween, and a stack type in which a plurality of positive and negative electrodes of a predetermined size are sequentially stacked with a separator interposed therebetween.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are formed by applying a positive electrode slurry containing a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode slurry containing a negative electrode active material to a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector, respectively to form a positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode active material layer, followed by drying and rolling them do.
- a passivation film such as a solid electrolyte interface layer (SEI layer) is formed on the surface of the negative electrode during initial charging, and the passivation film prevents the organic solvent from being inserted into the negative electrode and decomposes the organic solvent. Therefore, the stability of the anode structure and the reversibility of the anode are improved, and use as a cathode is possible.
- SEI layer solid electrolyte interface layer
- a method of forming a passivation film on the surface of the negative electrode in advance by pre-lithiation by a method of inserting lithium into the negative electrode or the like, preventing capacity reduction and improving cycle life is being developed.
- These prelithiation methods include a physical method of directly contacting the lithium metal with the surface of the anode, and a method of electrochemically charging the lithium metal and the anode after connecting them.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional prelithiation device.
- the negative electrode 30 and the lithium metal counter electrode 40 are disposed in the pre-lithiation reaction tank 10 in which the pre-lithiation solution 20 is accommodated, This is a method of charging after electrically connecting it through the charging/discharging unit 50 .
- the negative electrode may have a structure in which negative electrode active material layers are formed on both sides of the current collector, and in this case, lithium metal may be disposed on both sides of the negative electrode to prelithiate both negative electrode active material layers on both sides.
- the prelithiation solution uses a lithium salt dissolved in an organic solvent, and enables movement of ions between the negative electrode and the lithium metal counter electrode.
- various types of the organic solvent may be mixed and used.
- the composition ratio of the pre-lithiation solution changes during the pre-lithiation process.
- the high volatility organic solvent is more volatilized, so that the ratio of the low volatility organic solvent in the electrolyte solution is increased.
- the pre-lithiation solution since the pre-lithiation solution is used in an open water bath, the pre-lithiation solution exposed to the atmosphere undergoes continuous volatilization.
- the volatilization of the solvent changes the solvent ratio of the prelithiation solution and thus lowers the degree of dissociation of the lithium salt.
- Due to the additionally reduced solvent the concentration of the lithium salt in the prelithiation solution increases, and the lithium salt may be partially deposited on the negative electrode through a series of processes. In this case, an increase in local resistance within the electrode is caused, which leads to inconsistent prelithiation of the electrode. This non-uniform prelithiation may reduce the initial efficiency and cycle characteristics of the battery.
- the electrolyte composition changed due to the solvent volatilized during continuous pre-lithiation changes the shape and composition of the SEI film initially formed during pre-lithiation, causing deviation between the pre-lithiated electrodes, thereby hindering mass productivity.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and by maintaining the composition of the pre-lithiation solution constant during the pre-lithiation process, non-uniform pre-lithiation is prevented, and a uniform and stable SEI film is formed to form an anode quality
- An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for pre-lithiation of a negative electrode and a method for pre-lithiation of a negative electrode, which can prevent this decrease.
- An apparatus for pre-lithiation of an anode includes: a pre-lithiation reactor in which a pre-lithiation solution is accommodated; a high-pressure diaphragm having a shape of a chamber surrounding the outside of the pre-lithiation reactor and maintaining an internal atmospheric pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure; at least one lithium metal counter electrode disposed in the pre-lithiation solution and disposed to face the negative electrode input into the pre-lithiation solution and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance; and a charging/discharging unit circuitly connected to the negative electrode and the lithium metal counter electrode.
- the apparatus for pre-lithiation of a negative electrode according to the present invention further includes a transfer unit for transferring the negative electrode to the pre-lithiation reaction tank or for discharging the negative electrode from the pre-lithiation reaction tank.
- the transfer unit may include a transfer roll that supports the negative electrode on a lower surface of the negative electrode and moves the negative electrode through a rotational motion.
- the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm may be 1.1 atm to 10 atm.
- the apparatus for prelithiation of the negative electrode according to the present invention may further include an air blower for supplying a gas to the inside of the high-pressure diaphragm.
- the gas is at least one inert gas selected from the group consisting of argon (Ar), neon (Ne), helium (He), and nitrogen (N2).
- the high-pressure diaphragm may have an opening for inputting and discharging the negative electrode.
- the apparatus for prelithiation of the negative electrode according to the present invention further includes a sealing member for sealing the gap between the opening and the negative electrode.
- the sealing member may be a silicone rubber material.
- the present invention provides a method for pre-lithiation of a negative electrode using the above-described device for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode, wherein the method for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode includes the steps of preparing an anode and the device for pre-lithiation of the anode; putting the negative electrode into a pre-lithiation reaction tank in a high-pressure diaphragm, and immersing it in a pre-lithiation solution so as to be spaced apart from at least one lithium metal counter electrode; sealing the high-pressure diaphragm, and blowing gas into the high-pressure diaphragm so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm exceeds atmospheric pressure; and charging and discharging the negative electrode to prelithiate it.
- the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm may be 1.1 atm to 10 atm.
- the gas is at least one inert gas selected from the group consisting of argon (Ar), neon (Ne), helium (He), and nitrogen (N2).
- the method for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode according to the present invention further includes the steps of taking the pre-lithiated negative electrode out of the high-pressure diaphragm, and washing and drying the pre-lithiated negative electrode.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a secondary battery including the method for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode described above.
- the present invention prepares a high-pressure diaphragm surrounding the outside of the pre-lithiation reaction tank in the pre-lithiation process, and blows gas so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm exceeds atmospheric pressure, so that the pre-lithiation solution is volatilized during the pre-lithiation process. It is possible to prevent the composition of the prelithiation solution from being changed. Through this, it is possible to prevent non-uniform lithiation and improve initial efficiency and cycle characteristics of the battery.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional prelithiation device.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for prelithiation of an anode according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a method for prelithiation of an anode according to the present invention.
- “under” another part it includes not only cases where it is “directly under” another part, but also cases where another part is in between.
- “on” may include the case of being disposed not only on the upper part but also on the lower part.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for prelithiation of an anode according to the present invention.
- the apparatus 100 for pre-lithiation of an anode includes a pre-lithiation reactor 110 in which a pre-lithiation solution 111 is accommodated; a high-pressure diaphragm 120 having a shape of a chamber surrounding the outside of the pre-lithiation reactor 110 and maintaining an internal atmospheric pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure; at least one lithium metal counter electrode 130 disposed in the pre-lithiation solution 111 and disposed to face the negative electrode 101 introduced into the pre-lithiation solution and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance; and a charging/discharging unit 140 circuitly connected to the negative electrode 101 and the lithium metal counter electrode 130 .
- the composition ratio of the solvent constituting the pre-lithiation solution changes during the pre-lithiation process, and lithium lowers the degree of dissociation of the salt.
- the concentration of the lithium salt in the pre-lithiation solution increases, and as the lithium salt is partially precipitated on the negative electrode, the pre-lithiation may be non-uniform.
- changing the composition of the prelithiation solution may change the shape and composition of the SEI film.
- the prelithiation solution may include ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), which are mainly used as electrolytes for secondary batteries.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- the vapor pressure of ethylene carbonate (1.31579 ⁇ Since the vapor pressure (7 ⁇ 10 -1 atm) of diethyl carbonate is greater than that of 10 -5 atm), more diethyl carbonate volatilizes as time goes by during prelithiation. Accordingly, the proportion of diethyl carbonate in the electrolyte is reduced, and as the concentration of lithium salt increases, the degree of dissociation of lithium ions decreases. As a result, lithium salt is partially precipitated on the negative electrode during the prelithiation process. Such lithium salts may cause non-uniformity in electrode pretreatment, and may act as a local resistance element of the electrode.
- the present invention prepares a high-pressure diaphragm surrounding the outside of the pre-lithiation reaction tank in the pre-lithiation process, and blows gas so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm exceeds atmospheric pressure, so that the pre-lithiation solution is volatilized during the pre-lithiation process. It is possible to prevent the composition of the prelithiation solution from being changed. Through this, it is possible to prevent non-uniform lithiation and improve initial efficiency and cycle characteristics of the battery.
- the direction in which the negative electrode travels in the prelithiation reactor is defined as the traveling direction
- the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction in the plane formed by the negative electrode may be defined as the width direction
- the apparatus 100 for pre-lithiation of an anode includes a pre-lithiation reactor 110 in which a pre-lithiation solution 111 is accommodated.
- the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 provides a space in which the pre-lithiation reaction occurs, and lithium ions may be inserted into the anode while the anode is electrochemically charged in the pre-lithiation solution 111 .
- the size, shape, etc. of the pre-lithiation reactor 110 may be appropriately designed according to the size of the negative electrode, the number of the negative electrode to be input, and the driving distance of the negative electrode, which will be described later.
- the prelithiation solution 111 may include a lithium salt and an organic solvent.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi, (FSO 2 ) 2 NLi, lithium chloroborane, lithium lower aliphatic carboxylate, lithium 4 phenyl borate, or one or more of these.
- the organic solvent may include a carbonate-based solvent, an ester-based solvent, or two or more thereof.
- the non-aqueous solvent include propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane , diethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), gamma butyrolactone (g-butyrolactone), ethyl propionate, methyl bropionate and the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but is not limited thereto.
- PC propylene carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DPC dipropyl carbonate
- dimethyl sulfoxide ace
- the prelithiation solution may further include an additive, and the additive includes vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, salicyl It may include salicylic acid, LiBF4, LITFSI (Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide), LiBOB (Lithium bis(oxalato)borate), LiODFB (Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate), or one or more of these.
- LITFSI Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
- LiBOB Lithium bis(oxalato)borate
- LiODFB Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate
- the temperature of the pre-lithiation solution may be 10 to 80 °C, specifically 20 to 60 °C, more specifically 25 to 40 °C. In the above temperature range, the diffusion of lithium may be smoothly performed during prelithiation.
- the negative electrode 101 is accommodated in the pre-lithiation solution 111 in the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 .
- the negative electrode 101 may be in a distal state before being cut to the size of a unit electrode.
- the negative electrode 101 is wound on a negative electrode roll (not shown) separately provided outside the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 .
- the negative electrode 101 may be unwound from the negative electrode roll during the pre-lithiation process and put into the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 .
- the cathode may be cut to the size of the unit electrode.
- pre-lithiation may be performed for each negative electrode.
- the negative electrode 101 has a negative electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
- an uncoated region for forming a negative electrode tab may be formed on one side of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the negative electrode active material layer is formed by applying the negative electrode slurry containing the negative electrode active material, drying and rolling.
- the negative electrode slurry may further include a conductive material and a binder.
- a sheet for a negative electrode current collector it is generally made to a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m.
- a negative current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- Carbon, nickel, titanium, a surface-treated material such as silver, aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
- the bonding strength of the negative electrode active material may be strengthened by forming fine irregularities on the surface, and may be used in various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam, non-woven body, and the like.
- the negative active material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbon-based active material and a silicon-based active material.
- the silicon-based active material may impart excellent capacity characteristics to the negative electrode or secondary battery of the present invention, and may include a compound represented by SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2).
- SiO x is preferably within the above range, and more preferably, the silicon-based oxide may be SiO.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the silicon-based oxide may be 1 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ m, in terms of reducing side reactions with the electrolyte while ensuring structural stability during charging and discharging.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) may be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction method.
- the carbon-based active material may impart excellent cycle characteristics or battery life performance to the anode or secondary battery for a secondary battery of the present invention.
- the carbon-based active material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, super P, graphene, and fibrous carbon. and preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of artificial graphite and natural graphite.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the carbon-based oxide may be 10 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 15 to 25 ⁇ m, in terms of structural stability during charging and discharging and reducing side reactions with the electrolyte.
- the negative active material may use both the silicon-based active material and the carbon-based active material in terms of simultaneously improving capacity characteristics and cycle characteristics, and specifically, the negative active material is the carbon-based active material and the silicon-based active material 50:50 to 95:5 weight ratio, preferably 60:40 to 80:20 weight ratio.
- the conductive material is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture including the positive active material.
- a conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
- graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite
- carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black
- conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder
- conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the active material and the conductive material and bonding to the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture including the positive electrode active material.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, poly propylene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene butyrene rubber, fluororubber, various copolymers, and the like.
- the negative electrode 101 may be all-lithiated by being charged and discharged by the charging/discharging unit 140 in a state in which it is connected to the lithium metal counter electrode 130 to be described later.
- a transfer unit for transferring the anode 101 to the pre-lithiation tank 110 or for carrying out the cathode 101 from the pre-lithiation tank 110 . (150).
- the transfer unit 150 includes at least one transfer roll that supports the negative electrode 101 on the lower surface of the negative electrode 101 and moves the negative electrode through a rotational motion.
- the negative electrode 101 unwound from the negative electrode roll can be continuously put into and discharged from the pre-lithiation reactor 110 through the roll-to-roll method, so that the negative electrode can be transported easily.
- the transfer roll is designed so that the negative electrode 101 travels in the pre-lithiation solution 111 in the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 , so that the negative electrode 101 is immersed in the pre-lithiation solution 111 . .
- the size, shape, number, etc. of the conveying rolls constituting the conveying unit 150 may be appropriately designed according to the size and number of the conveyed negative electrode 101 and the size and shape of the pre-lithiation reactor 110 .
- a part of the transfer roll may be located outside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 to be described later, the other part may be located inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 and outside the pre-lithiation solution 111 , and another part may be located outside the all-lithium diaphragm 120 . It is located in the lithiation solution 111 so that the anode 101 can travel in the pre-lithiation solution 111 .
- the apparatus 100 for pre-lithiation of the anode according to the present invention includes a chamber-shaped high-pressure diaphragm 120 surrounding the outside of the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 .
- the high-pressure diaphragm 120 maintains an internal atmospheric pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure, thereby suppressing volatilization of the pre-lithiation solution 111 and preventing a change in the composition of the pre-lithiation solution 111 . Through this, it is possible to prevent non-uniform lithiation and improve initial efficiency and cycle characteristics of the battery.
- the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may be 1.1 atm to 10 atm. Specifically, the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may be 1.1 atm to 5 atm, and more specifically, 1.1 to 3 atm.
- the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 is within the above range, volatilization of the pre-lithiation solution 111 in the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 can be easily suppressed.
- the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 is less than 1.1 atm, it may be difficult to suppress the volatilization of the electrolyte. An incidental cost for preventing deformation of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may increase.
- the material constituting the high-pressure diaphragm 120 is preferably selected from a high-strength material capable of preventing deformation due to pressure.
- a high-strength material capable of preventing deformation due to pressure.
- steel or stainless steel (SUS) material may be used as the high-pressure diaphragm 120 .
- the anode prelithiation apparatus 100 further includes an air blower 160 for supplying gas to the inside of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 .
- the air blower 160 may receive gas from an external gas source (not shown).
- At least one air blower 160 may be installed on the outer surface of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 .
- two air blowers 160 may be installed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 as shown in FIG. 2, and only one may be installed on the upper surface of the high-pressure diaphragm 120, and the high-pressure diaphragm ( 120) may be installed on the side in addition to the upper and lower surfaces.
- the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may be formed with a vent through which the air supplied from the air blower 160 can be introduced.
- the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 can be spaced apart from the lower surface of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 by a predetermined interval, for this purpose
- a support (not shown) supporting the pre-lithiation reactor 110 may be formed.
- the gas that does not react with the pre-lithiation solution 111 may be used.
- the gas may be one or more inert gases selected from the group comprising argon (Ar), neon (Ne), helium (He), and nitrogen (N 2 ).
- the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may be formed with an opening 170 through which the cathode 101 is put in and out.
- the opening 170 may be formed on both sides of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 .
- the shape and size of the opening 170 is not particularly limited as long as the cathode 101 can be put in and out, but it is preferable to make the area of the opening 170 as small as possible in order to prevent the gas inside from leaking.
- the opening 170 may have a slit shape having an area through which the cathode 101 can pass.
- the negative electrode prelithiation apparatus 100 further includes a sealing member 171 for sealing the gap between the opening 170 and the negative electrode 101 .
- the shape of the sealing member 171 is not particularly limited.
- the sealing member 171 may have a ring shape surrounding the negative electrode 101 .
- the sealing member 171 opens the opening 170 when the anode 101 is being transported to be introduced into the pre-lithiation tank 110 , and contracts when the cathode 101 is put into the pre-lithiation tank 110 . Alternatively, it is compressed to block the gap between the opening 170 and the cathode 101 .
- pre-lithiation can be performed by dividing the negative electrode into several sections having a length that can be accommodated in the pre-lithiation solution. can carry out anger.
- the sealing member 171 may use a material having elastic force to effectively block the gap between the opening 170 and the negative electrode 101, for example, the sealing member may be a silicone rubber material. In this case, the sealing member 171 may be compressed and deformed in the gap between the opening 170 and the cathode 101 to effectively block the gap.
- the present invention includes a lithium metal counter electrode 130 as a lithium source for transferring lithium ions into the negative electrode.
- the lithium metal counter electrode 130 is disposed to face the negative electrode 101 injected into the pre-lithiation solution 111 and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and thus the counter electrode for the negative electrode 101 during electrochemical charging for pre-lithiation. can function as
- the lithium metal counter electrode 130 may have a sheet shape disposed to face the negative electrode.
- the lithium metal counter electrode 130 is disposed on both surfaces of the negative electrode in order to prelithiate all of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the thickness of the lithium metal counter electrode 130 may be appropriately set in consideration of the degree of total lithiation, and specifically may be 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 40 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the lithium metal counter electrode 130 is spaced apart from the negative electrode 101 to prevent a short circuit that may occur when the negative electrode 101 and the lithium metal counter electrode 130 come into direct contact during electrochemical charging.
- the separation distance between the lithium metal counter electrode 130 and the negative electrode 101 may be 1 to 20 mm. In detail, the separation distance between the lithium metal counter electrode 130 and the negative electrode 101 may be 3 to 15 mm, more specifically 6 to 12 mm.
- the separation distance between the lithium metal counter electrode 130 and the negative electrode 101 is within the above range, while sufficiently preventing the electrode short phenomenon that may occur due to direct contact between the negative electrode 101 and the lithium metal counter electrode 130, the electric During lithiation, lithium can be smoothly inserted into the negative electrode.
- the electrolithiation device 100 of the negative electrode includes a charging/discharging unit 140 that is circuitly connected to the negative electrode 101 and the lithium metal counter electrode 130 .
- the charging/discharging unit 140 applies a predetermined current to the lithium metal counter electrode 130 and the negative electrode 101 to prelithiate the negative electrode by electrochemical charging.
- FIG. 2 only the section in which the anode faces the lithium metal counter electrode is shown in the prelithiation reaction tank, but if necessary, the anode can be impregnated in the prelithiation solution before the lithium metal counter electrode faces it.
- an aging section in which the negative electrode can be aged may be provided.
- the apparatus for prelithiation of the negative electrode according to the present invention further includes a washing tank (not shown) containing an organic solvent.
- the washing tank is disposed independently of the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 , and may be provided as a place for washing the pre-lithiated negative electrode. In this case, the washing tank may be located within the high-pressure diaphragm 120 or separately located outside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 .
- the negative electrode 101 may be transferred from the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 to the washing tank through a transfer roll.
- a transfer roll in the washing tank to allow the negative electrode 101 to travel in the organic solvent in the washing bath, and through this, impurities remaining in the negative electrode 101 can be removed.
- the organic solvent does not contain a lithium salt, and the same organic solvent used for the prelithiation solution described above may be used. Specifically, at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) and ethylene carbonate (EC) may be used.
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- the length of the washing tank may be appropriately designed according to the area of the negative electrode input to the pre-lithiation tank, the pre-lithiation time, and the size of the pre-lithiation tank.
- the apparatus 100 for prelithiation of the negative electrode according to the present invention further includes a drying unit (not shown) for drying the negative electrode that has passed through the washing tank.
- the drying unit may be provided as a place where the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 and the negative electrode 101 that has passed through the washing tank are dried. Similarly, the negative electrode 101 may be transferred from the washing tank to the drying unit by the transfer roll.
- the drying unit may include air or an inert gas.
- the inert gas may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Ar, N 2 and He.
- the temperature of the drying part may be 10 to 80 ° C., specifically, 25 to 40 ° C. rather than 20 to 60 ° C. In the above range, it is preferable in terms of preventing oxidation of the negative electrode and maintaining the pre-lithiated state. .
- the length of the drying unit or the traveling distance of the negative electrode in the drying unit may be appropriately designed according to the number of negative electrodes input to the pre-lithiation tank, the pre-lithiation time, and the size of the pre-lithiation tank.
- the present invention provides a method for pre-lithiation of an anode using the above-described device for pre-lithiation of the anode.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a method for prelithiation of an anode according to the present invention.
- the method for pre-lithiation of an anode includes the steps of preparing an anode and the device for pre-lithiation of the anode described above (S10); putting the negative electrode into a pre-lithiation reaction tank in a high-pressure diaphragm, and immersing it in a pre-lithiation solution so as to be spaced apart from the lithium metal counter electrode (S20); sealing the high-pressure diaphragm, and blowing gas into the high-pressure diaphragm so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm exceeds atmospheric pressure (S30); and charging and discharging the negative electrode to prelithiate (S40).
- the present invention prepares a high-pressure diaphragm surrounding the outside of the pre-lithiation reaction tank in the pre-lithiation process, and blows gas so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm exceeds atmospheric pressure, so that the pre-lithiation solution is volatilized during the pre-lithiation process. It is possible to prevent the composition of the prelithiation solution from being changed. Through this, it is possible to prevent non-uniform lithiation and improve initial efficiency and cycle characteristics of the battery.
- the negative electrode 101 and the apparatus 100 for prelithiation of the negative electrode are prepared.
- the cathode 101 and the device 100 for prelithiation of the anode may be the same as those described above.
- the negative electrode may be in a state wound on the negative electrode roll installed outside the pre-lithiation reactor.
- the negative electrode 101 and the apparatus 100 for prelithiation of the negative electrode are prepared, the negative electrode 101 is unwound from the negative electrode roll and then transferred through the transfer roll. Accordingly, the cathode 101 passes through the opening 170 formed in the high-pressure diaphragm 120 and is then introduced into the pre-lithiation reactor 110 .
- the transfer of the negative electrode is stopped and the sealing member 171 is operated to seal the high-pressure diaphragm 120 .
- gas is blown into the high-pressure diaphragm 120 using an air blower 160 so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 exceeds atmospheric pressure.
- the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may be 1.1 atm to 10 atm. Specifically, the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 may be 1.1 atm to 5 atm, and more specifically, 1.1 to 3 atm. When the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm 120 is within the above range, volatilization of the pre-lithiation solution 111 in the pre-lithiation reaction tank 110 can be easily suppressed.
- the gas is one or more inert gases selected from the group comprising argon (Ar), neon (Ne), helium (He), and nitrogen (N 2 ).
- each prelithiation may be performed by dividing the negative electrode into several sections having a length that can be accommodated in the prelithiation solution.
- the transfer of the negative electrode 101 is stopped, the sealing member 171 is operated to seal the inside of the high-pressure diaphragm 120, and then the pre-lithiation
- the negative electrode 101 is transferred, the next section is immersed in the pre-lithiation solution 111, and the same process is repeated.
- the negative electrode 101 is electrically connected to the lithium metal counter electrode 130 in a state facing it after being put into the pre-lithiation reactor 110 .
- the step of impregnating the negative electrode 10 in the pre-lithiation solution 110 before the pre-lithiation may be performed.
- the negative electrode 101 may be left in the pre-lithiation solution for a predetermined time.
- a separate impregnation section may be provided in the pre-lithiation reactor 110 .
- the impregnation time may be appropriately set according to pre-lithiation conditions, for example, 5 minutes to 120 minutes, specifically 10 to 90 minutes, more specifically 15 minutes to 40 minutes.
- the negative electrode is sufficiently wetted in the pre-lithiation solution, so that the pre-lithiation can be performed uniformly in the negative electrode.
- the impregnation time exceeds the above range, the durability of the negative electrode is weakened and the active material can be easily detached from the current collector. It can be difficult to proceed.
- aging is a process in which the negative electrode 101 is left in the pre-lithiation solution 111 for a predetermined time.
- a separate aging section may be provided in the pre-lithiation reactor 110 .
- lithium ions inserted by prelithiation may be more uniformly diffused to the surface and interior of the negative electrode active material. If the aging step is not performed after pre-lithiation, lithium ions do not diffuse uniformly in the anode active material even after pre-lithiation, so it may be difficult to sufficiently remove the irreversible capacity, and there is a risk that uniform charge/discharge may not occur after the anode is manufactured. it is not preferable to have The aging time may be appropriately designed according to the prelithiation time.
- the method for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode according to the present invention further includes the steps of taking the pre-lithiated negative electrode 101 out of the high-pressure diaphragm 120 and washing and drying the pre-lithiated negative electrode 101 .
- the negative electrode 101 carried out to the outside of the high-pressure diaphragm by the transfer roll may be washed while running in the organic solvent inside the washing tank.
- the organic solvent does not include a lithium salt, and the same organic solvent used in the pre-lithiation solution 111 described above may be used.
- the negative electrode that has passed through the washing tank is transferred to a drying unit and dried.
- the organic solvent remaining on the negative electrode may be removed by impregnation, prelithiation, aging, and/or washing.
- the drying step may be performed with air or an inert gas.
- the inert gas may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Ar, N 2 and He.
- the time for which the washing step and the drying step are performed may be appropriately designed according to the prelithiation time.
- the negative electrode which has been washed and dried, can be recovered and used for manufacturing a secondary battery.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a secondary battery including the method for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode described above.
- an electrode assembly having a separator interposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode is accommodated in a battery case.
- the positive electrode has a structure in which a positive electrode slurry containing a positive electrode active material is applied on a positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode is the same as described above.
- the positive electrode current collector is generally made to have a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- the current collector may increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material by forming fine irregularities on the surface thereof, and various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam body, and non-woven body are possible.
- the positive active material is a material capable of causing an electrochemical reaction, as a lithium transition metal oxide, containing two or more transition metals, for example, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) substituted with one or more transition metals.
- a lithium transition metal oxide containing two or more transition metals, for example, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) substituted with one or more transition metals.
- LiNiO 2 lithium nickel oxide
- LiNiO 2 lithium manganese oxide substituted with one or more transition metals
- Formula LiNi 1-y M y O 2 Lithium nickel-based oxide represented by; Li 1+z Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , Li 1+z Ni 0.4 Mn 0.4 Co 0.2 O 2 , etc.
- the positive electrode slurry further includes a conductive material and a binder in addition to the positive electrode active material, and the contents thereof are the same as described above.
- the separator is interposed between the anode and the cathode, and an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and mechanical strength is used.
- the pore diameter of the separator is generally 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, and the thickness is generally 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- a separation membrane For example, olefin polymers, such as chemical-resistant and hydrophobic polypropylene; A sheet or non-woven fabric made of glass fiber or polyethylene is used.
- a solid electrolyte such as a polymer is used as the electrolyte, the solid electrolyte may also serve as a separator.
- the battery case is not particularly limited as long as it is used as an exterior material for battery packaging, and a cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch type may be used, but in detail, a pouch type battery case may be used.
- the pouch-type battery case is typically made of an aluminum laminate sheet, and may include an inner sealant layer for sealing, a metal layer preventing material penetration, and an outer resin layer forming the outermost layer of the case.
- the electrode assembly When the electrode assembly is accommodated in the battery case, it is sealed after the electrolyte is injected, and then, a final secondary battery is manufactured through an activation process. Since the content of the electrolyte is also known to those skilled in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- a negative electrode slurry was prepared by adding 85.1% by weight of graphite and 9.5% by weight of SiO as an anode active material, 1.3% by weight of Denka Black as a conductive material, 3.0% by weight of SBR as a binder and 1.1% by weight of CMC as a thickener to water.
- the negative electrode slurry was coated on both sides of a copper current collector (thickness: 8 ⁇ m).
- a negative electrode was prepared by forming a negative electrode active material layer on both sides of a copper negative electrode current collector by rolling, drying in a vacuum oven at 130° C., and rolling.
- the negative electrode was wound on a stainless steel negative electrode roll having a diameter of 3 inches.
- a pre-lithiation device having the form as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared. Specifically, a pre-lithiation tank made of stainless steel was prepared, and the pre-lithiation tank was accommodated in a high-pressure diaphragm. The pre-lithiation solution was added to the pre-lithiation reactor. The temperature of the pre-lithiation reactor was maintained at 25°C. In addition, the prelithiation reactor was prepared in the size of 400 cm in length and 300 cm in width.
- the prelithiation solution was prepared by adding LiPF 6 as a lithium salt at a concentration of 1 M to an organic solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:8, followed by stirring for 24 hours to dissolve prepared.
- LiPF 6 as a lithium salt at a concentration of 1 M
- organic solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:8, followed by stirring for 24 hours to dissolve prepared.
- the negative electrode was unwound from the negative electrode roll, and it was put into the pre-lithiation reaction tank through the transfer roll, and was immersed in the pre-lithiation solution.
- the transfer of the negative electrode was stopped, and the sealing member was operated to seal the high-pressure diaphragm.
- the inert gas was supplied through an air blower to form a high-pressure atmosphere so that the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm was maintained at 1.1 atm or more.
- the pre-lithiation process was repeated 10 times using the pre-lithiation solution of Example 1 and the pre-lithiation apparatus.
- the negative electrode was newly introduced into the pre-lithiation reactor of the pre-lithiation apparatus of Example 1, and pre-lithiation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pre-lithiated negative electrode.
- Pre-lithiation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a pre-lithiation device without a high-pressure diaphragm was used to obtain a pre-lithiated negative electrode.
- the negative electrode was put into the pre-lithiation tank through the transfer unit, and after pre-lithiation was performed, the negative electrode was taken out of the pre-lithiation tank, washed and dried.
- the pre-lithiation process was repeated 10 times using the pre-lithiation solution of Comparative Example 1 and the pre-lithiation apparatus (pre-lithiation apparatus without a high-pressure diaphragm).
- the negative electrode was newly introduced into the pre-lithiation reactor of the pre-lithiation apparatus of Comparative Example 1 to perform pre-lithiation to obtain a pre-lithiated negative electrode.
- a negative electrode was obtained by performing prelithiation in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm was maintained at normal pressure (eg, atmospheric pressure level) in the prelithiation apparatus of Example 1. Specifically, prelithiation was performed without operating the air blower.
- Pre-lithiation was repeated 10 times under the pre-lithiation conditions of Comparative Example 3.
- the negative electrode was newly introduced into the pre-lithiation reactor of the pre-lithiation apparatus, and pre-lithiation was performed under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 3 (the atmospheric pressure inside the high-pressure diaphragm was maintained at atmospheric pressure) to obtain a pre-lithiated negative electrode.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were prepared, a polyolefin separator was interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution was injected to prepare a coin-shaped battery cell.
- the positive electrode was prepared by coating a positive electrode slurry containing LiCoO 2 as a positive electrode active material on a positive electrode current collector made of an aluminum material.
- the electrolyte 1M LiPF 6 dissolved in an organic solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 3:7 was used.
- the coin-shaped battery cell was charged using an electrochemical charger and discharger to measure the initial coulombic efficiency. Specifically, the battery cell was charged at 4.2V (vs Li/Li + ) at a current density of 0.1C, and discharged at 2.5V (vs Li/Li + ) at the same current density. At this time, the charging capacity and the discharging capacity of the battery cell were measured. Then, as shown in Equation 1 below, the initial efficiency was confirmed by the ratio of the charge capacity to the discharge capacity, and the results are shown in Table 1.
- the coin-shaped battery cell was charged and discharged 100 times, and the thickness change rate of the battery cell was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the battery cell was charged at 4.2V (vs Li/Li+) at a current density of 0.1C until the third cycle, and discharged at 2.5V (vs Li/Li+) at the same current density. From the fourth cycle, charging and discharging were performed at a current density of 0.5C under the same voltage condition.
- Example 1 10 97.9 115
- Example 2 9.8 97.8 114 Comparative Example 1 10 97.5 117 Comparative Example 2 7.5 93.8 140 Comparative Example 3 10 97.6 116 Comparative Example 4 8.8 95.7 131
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 3 using the pre-lithiation solution in the initial state, the height of the electrolyte in the pre-lithiation reactor, the initial coulombic rate, and the thickness change rate after 100 cycles were similar. . This is because the volatilization of the pre-lithiation solution has not yet proceeded.
- Example 2 volatilization of the pre-lithiation solution was prevented due to the high-pressure atmosphere in the high-pressure diaphragm. There was little difference with That is, the volume and composition of the pre-lithiation solution in Example 2 are almost the same as in Example 1, and thus, it can be seen that the pre-lithiation solution was used for a long time and uniform pre-lithiation proceeded. As a result, it was confirmed that there was almost no performance deviation between the negative electrodes according to Examples 2 and 1 and the battery cells prepared therefrom.
- Comparative Example 2 it can be seen that a lot of the pre-lithiation solution volatilized because the high-pressure diaphragm was not used.
- Comparative Example 2 the initial coulombic efficiency and the thickness of the battery cell after 100 cycles were significantly different from those of Comparative Example 1 using the pre-lithiation solution in the initial state, which is a highly volatile EMC This is because the composition of the pre-lithiation solution was changed by volatilizing a lot of .
- the concentration of lithium ions increased during the pre-lithiation process, and lithium was partially deposited on the anode during pre-lithiation, thereby causing non-uniform pre-lithiation of the anode.
- the change in the shape and composition of the SEI film formed on the surface of the anode due to the change in the composition of the pre-lithiation solution may also cause changes in the initial Coulombic efficiency and thickness change rate after 100 cycles. This is a factor that increases the thickness of the battery cell due to gas generation due to lithium precipitation in the battery cell.
- Comparative Example 4 it can be seen that the volatilization amount of the pre-lithiated solution was reduced compared to Comparative Example 2 due to the presence of the high-pressure diaphragm. However, in Comparative Example 4, since there was no high-pressure atmosphere in the high-pressure diaphragm, the electrolyte was volatilized to a certain level, and as a result, it can be seen that the performance of the negative electrode and the battery cell was reduced compared to Comparative Example 3 using the all-lithiation solution in the initial state.
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Abstract
Description
| 전리튬화 반응조 내 전해액의 높이(cm) | 초기 쿨롱 효율(%) | 100사이클 후 두께 변화율(%) | |
| 실시예 1 | 10 | 97.9 | 115 |
| 실시예 2 | 9.8 | 97.8 | 114 |
| 비교예 1 | 10 | 97.5 | 117 |
| 비교예 2 | 7.5 | 93.8 | 140 |
| 비교예 3 | 10 | 97.6 | 116 |
| 비교예 4 | 8.8 | 95.7 | 131 |
Claims (14)
- 내부에 전리튬화 용액이 수용되는 전리튬화 반응조;상기 전리튬화 반응조의 외부를 둘러싸는 챔버 형상이며, 대기압을 초과하는 내부 기압이 유지되는 고압 격막;상기 전리튬화 용액 내에 배치되되, 상기 전리튬화 용액 내로 투입되는 음극과 소정 간격 이격된 상태로 대면하도록 배치되는 적어도 한 개의 리튬 금속 대극; 및상기 음극 및 리튬 금속 대극에 회로적으로 연결되는 충방전부를 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전리튬화 반응조로 상기 음극을 이송하거나, 상기 전리튬화 반응조에서 상기 음극을 반출하는 이송부를 더 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 이송부는, 음극의 하면에서 상기 음극을 지지하며, 회전 운동을 통해 음극을 이동시키는 이송 롤을 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고압 격막 내부의 기압은 1.1atm 내지 10atm인 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고압 격막 내부에 기체를 공급하는 에어 블로워를 더 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 기체는 아르곤(Ar), 네온(Ne), 헬륨(He) 및 질소(N2)를 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 비활성 기체인 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고압 격막에는 음극을 투입 및 반출되기 위한 개구가 형성되는 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 개구와 음극 사이의 틈을 밀폐하는 밀폐 부재를 더 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 밀폐 부재는 실리콘 소재 고무인 음극의 전리튬화 장치.
- 음극 및 제1항에 따른 음극의 전리튬화 장치를 준비하는 단계;음극을 고압 격막 내의 전리튬화 반응조에 투입하고, 적어도 한 개의 리튬 금속 대극과 이격되도록 전리튬화 용액에 침지시키는 단계;상기 고압 격막을 밀폐하고, 상기 고압 격막 내부의 기압이 대기압을 초과하도록 고압 격막 내부에 기체를 불어넣는 단계; 및상기 음극을 충방전하여 전리튬화하는 단계를 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 고압 격막 내부의 기압은 1.1atm 내지 10atm인 음극의 전리튬화 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 기체는 아르곤(Ar), 네온(Ne), 헬륨(He) 및 질소(N2)를 포함하는 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 비활성 기체인 음극의 전리튬화 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서,전리튬화된 음극을 고압 격막 외부로 반출하고,상기 전리튬화된 음극을 세척 및 건조하는 단계를 더 포함하는 음극의 전리튬화 방법.
- 제10항에 따른 음극의 전리튬화 방법을 포함하는 이차전지 제조방법.
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| EP21858535.4A EP4033564B1 (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-13 | Apparatus for pre-lithiation of negative electrode and method for pre-lithiation of negative electrode |
| US17/770,829 US12334535B2 (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-13 | Apparatus for pre-lithiation of negative electrode and method for pre-lithiation of negative electrode |
| JP2022524209A JP7282266B2 (ja) | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-13 | 負極の前リチウム化装置及び負極の前リチウム化方法 |
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| US12334535B2 (en) | 2025-06-17 |
| EP4033564A1 (en) | 2022-07-27 |
| EP4033564A4 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
| EP4033564B1 (en) | 2026-04-08 |
| JP2022552898A (ja) | 2022-12-20 |
| JP7282266B2 (ja) | 2023-05-26 |
| US20220393144A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 |
| CN114600272A (zh) | 2022-06-07 |
| CN114600272B (zh) | 2024-07-02 |
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