AU2022445346B2 - Gas turbine system - Google Patents

Abstract

A gas turbine system (1) comprises: an ammonia tank (13) in which ammonia is stored in a liquid state; a combustor (12) which is connected to the ammonia tank (13) and to which ammonia is supplied in a liquid state; an exhaust channel (102) which is connected to the combustor (12); a boiler (14) installed in the exhaust channel (102); and a heat exchanger (16) which is disposed on the downstream side of the boiler (14) in the exhaust channel (102) and through which an ammonia channel (103) connecting the ammonia tank (13) and the combustor (12) passes.

Description

Description Title: GAS TURBINE SYSTEM

Technical Field 5 [0001] The present disclosure relates to a gas turbine system. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-034697 filed on March 7, 2022445346

2022, and contents thereof are incorporated herein.

10 Background Art

[0002] A gas turbine system that combusts fuel in a combustor to obtain power has been used. As the gas turbine system, for example, there exists a gas turbine system that uses ammonia as fuel, as disclosed in Patent Literature 1. 15 Emission of carbon dioxide is suppressed by using ammonia as fuel.

Citation List Patent Literature 20 [0003] Patent Literature 1: JP 2016-191507 A

Summary

[0003a] It is an object of the present invention to substantially overcome, or at least ameliorate, one or more 25 disadvantages of existing arrangements.

[0004] A large-scale gas turbine system consumes a large amount of fuel. Thus, when ammonia is used as fuel, it is required that a large amount of ammonia be stored. When ammonia is a low-temperature liquid at about -33°C, its vapor pressure is 30 substantially equal to an atmospheric pressure. Thus, when ammonia is stored in a tank, an internal pressure applied to the tank is reduced, making less liable to cause problems in tank strength and in structure. Meanwhile, when an ammonia liquid at a low temperature is directly supplied to a combustor as fuel for a gas turbine, a quantity of heat for raising a temperature of the ammonia liquid and vaporizing the ammonia liquid is obtained from combustion heat of ammonia. Thus, there arises a problem in that efficiency of the gas turbine system may become lower. 5 [0005] In one or more forms, the present disclosure provides a gas turbine system with improved efficiency.

[0006] In one or more embodiments of the present 2022445346

disclosure, there is provided a gas turbine system, including: an ammonia tank configured to store ammonia in a liquid state; a 10 combustor, which is connected to the ammonia tank, and to which the ammonia is to be supplied in a liquid state; an exhaust flow passage connected to the combustor; a boiler provided in the exhaust flow passage; and a heat exchanger, which is arranged on a downstream side of the boiler in the exhaust flow passage, and 15 through which an ammonia flow passage connecting the ammonia tank and the combustor to each other passes.

[0007] A heat-medium flow passage may be defined between the exhaust flow passage and the ammonia flow passage in the heat exchanger. 20 [0008] The heat exchanger may include a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger arranged on a downstream side of the first heat exchanger in the exhaust flow passage, and a switching mechanism configured to switch a path for the ammonia between paths in which the ammonia passes 25 through a different one or ones of the heat exchangers may be provided to the ammonia flow passage.

[0009] The switching mechanism may be configured to switch the path for the ammonia based on a state of the ammonia in the ammonia flow passage. 30 [0008a] In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a gas turbine system, comprising: an ammonia tank configured to store ammonia in a liquid state; a combustor, which is connected to the ammonia tank, and to which the ammonia is to be supplied in a liquid state; an exhaust flow passage connected to the combustor; a boiler provided in the exhaust flow passage; and a heat exchanger, which is arranged on a downstream side of the boiler in the exhaust flow passage, and through which an ammonia flow passage connecting the ammonia tank and the 5 combustor to each other passes; wherein the ammonia is heated in the heat exchanger to such a degree that the ammonia is not vaporized. 2022445346

[0010] According to the present disclosure, efficiency of a gas turbine system can be improved. 10 Brief Description of Drawings

[0011] FIG. 1 is a schematic view for illustrating a configuration of a gas turbine system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 15 FIG. 2 is a schematic view for illustrating a configuration of a gas turbine system according to a first modification example. FIG. 3 is a schematic view for illustrating a configuration of a gas turbine system according to a second 20 modification example. FIG. 4 is a schematic view for illustrating a

4

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system according according to a to a third third modificationexample. modification example.

DescriptionofofEmbodiments Description Embodiments

5 [0012] 5 [0012] Now, with Now, with reference reference to to the the attached attached drawings, drawings, an an

embodiment of embodiment of the the present present disclosure disclosure is is described. described. The The

dimensions, materials, dimensions, materials, and and other other specific specific numerical numerical values values represented inthe represented in theembodiment embodiment areare merely merely examples examples used used for for facilitating theunderstanding facilitating the understandingof of thethe disclosure, disclosure, andnot and do do not

limit the present limit the presentdisclosure disclosure otherwise otherwise particularly particularly noted. noted. Elements Elements having having substantially substantially the the same same functions functions and and configurations hereinand configurations herein and in in thethe drawings drawings are are denoted denoted by the by the same referencesymbols same reference symbolstoto omit omit redundant redundant description description thereof. thereof. Further, illustrationofof Further, illustration elements elements with with no direct no direct relationship relationship

to the present to the presentdisclosure disclosureis is omitted. omitted.

[0013]

[0013] FIG. FIG. 11 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1 according 1 according to this to this embodiment. As illustrated embodiment. As illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 1, 1, the the gas gas turbine turbine system system

1 includes aacompressor 1 includes compressor 11a, 11a, a turbine a turbine 11b,11b, a combustor a combustor 12, 12,

an ammonia tank an ammonia tank13, 13,a aboiler boiler 14,14, an an exhaust exhaust stack stack 15, a15, a heat heat exchanger 16,a apump exchanger 16, pump17, 17, andand a flow a flow raterate control control valvevalve 18. 18.

[0014]

[0014] The compressor11a The compressor 11aand and the the turbine turbine 11b 11b rotate rotate integrally. The compressor integrally. The compressor 11a 11a and and the the turbine turbine 11b 11b are are

coupled to each coupled to eachother otherthrough through intermediation intermediation of aof a shaft. shaft.

[0015]

[0015] The compressor The compressor 11a 11a is is provided provided in in an an intake intake flow flow

passage 101 passage 101 connected connected to to the the combustor combustor 12. 12. Air Air to to be be

supplied to the supplied to thecombustor combustor12 12 flows flows through through the the intake intake flow flow

5

passage 101. passage 101. An An intake intake port port (not (not shown) shown) is is formed formed at at an an

upstream-sideend upstream-side endportion portion of of thethe intake intake flowflow passage passage 101. 101. The intake The intake port portallows allows air air to to be be introduced introduced fromfrom an outside. an outside. The air The air introduced introducedthrough through thethe intake intake portport passes passes through through the the

compressor compressor 11a 11a and and is is sent sent to to the the combustor combustor 12. The 12. The compressor 11acompresses compressor 11a compressesthethe airair andand discharges discharges the the compressed airtotoa adownstream compressed air downstream side. side.

[0016]

[0016] The turbine The turbine11b 11bisisprovided provided in in an an exhaust exhaust flowflow passage 102 passage 102 connected connected to to the the combustor combustor 12. 12. An An exhaust exhaust gas gas

discharged from discharged fromthe thecombustor combustor 12 12 flows flows through through the exhaust the exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The exhaust 102. The exhaust gas gas discharged discharged from from the the

combustor 12passes combustor 12 passesthrough through thethe turbine turbine 11b 11b and and is sent is sent to a to a downstream sideofofthe downstream side the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102 102 from from the the turbine turbine 11b. When the 11b. When the turbine turbine 11b 11b is is rotated rotated by by the the exhaust exhaust

gas, rotational gas, rotationalpower powerisis generated. generated.

[0017]

[0017] A power A power generator generator(not (not shown) shown) is is connected connected to the to the compressor compressor 11a. The rotational 11a. The rotational power power that that has has been been

transmitted fromthe transmitted from theturbine turbine 11b11b to to the the compressor compressor 11a is 11a is used by used by the thepower powergenerator generator forfor power power generation. generation.

[0018]

[0018] The air, The air, which whichhas hasbeen been compressed compressed by the by the compressor 11a,isissupplied compressor 11a, supplied to to thethe combustor combustor 12 through 12 through the the intake flow passage intake flow passage101, 101, while while ammonia ammonia is supplied is supplied in a in a liquid stateasasfuel liquid state fuelfrom from thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13the 13 to to the

combustor combustor 12. Combustion is 12. Combustion is performed performed in in the the combustor combustor 12 12

25 withuse 25 with useofofammonia ammoniaasasfuel. fuel.The The exhaust exhaust gas gas generated generated in in the combustor1212isisdischarged the combustor discharged to to thethe exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. 102.

6

[0019]

[0019] Ammonia is Ammonia isstored storedinina a liquid liquid state state in the in the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13. In the 13. In the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13, 13, ammonia ammonia is is

maintained in maintained in a a liquid liquid state state at, at, for for example, example, an an atmospheric atmospheric

pressure and pressure and -33°C. -33°C. The The storage storage of of ammonia ammonia in in aa low- low-

temperature liquidstate temperature liquid state in in thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 suppresses 13 suppresses an an

increase increase in in vapor vapor pressure pressure in in the the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13. Thus, the 13. Thus, the

occurrence ofproblems occurrence of problemsin in tank tank strength strength and and in structure in structure is is

suppressed. suppressed.

[0020]

[0020] The ammonia The ammoniatank tank1313isis connected connected to the to the combustor combustor

12 through intermediation 12 through intermediationof of an an ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103. Ammonia flows Ammonia flows through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. 103. Ammonia Ammonia

is supplied from is supplied fromthe theammonia ammonia tank tank 13 the 13 to to the combustor combustor 12 12

through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Details of 103. Details of the the ammonia ammonia

flow passage103 flow passage 103are aredescribed described later. later.

[0021]

[0021] The boiler The boiler 14 14isisprovided provided on on a downstream a downstream sideside of of the the turbine turbine 11b 11b in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The boiler 102. The boiler

14 includes aaflow 14 includes flowpassage passage 104104 through through which which water water flows. flows. The water The water flowing flowingthrough through thethe flow flow passage passage 104 104 is heated is heated with with the exhaustgas the exhaust gasflowing flowing through through thethe exhaust exhaust flowflow passage passage 102 102 20 andisisthereby 20 and therebyvaporized vaporizedinto intogas gas(that (thatis, is,steam) steam). Theflow . The flow passage 104 passage 104ofofthe theboiler boiler 14 14 is is connected connected to ato a steam steam turbine turbine (not shown).. The (not shown) The steam steamgenerated generatedin in thethe boiler boiler 14 sent 14 is is sent to to

the the steam steam turbine. Then, the turbine. Then, the steam steam turbine turbine is is rotated rotated by by the the

steam steam to to thereby thereby generate generate rotational rotational power. The rotational power. The rotational

power generated power generatedbybythe the stream stream turbine turbine is used is used for power for power generation. generation.

[0022]

[0022] The exhaust The exhaustflow flowpassage passage 102102 is is connected connected to the to the

7

exhaust stack exhaust stack1515atata a position position on on a downstream a downstream side side of the of the boiler 14. boiler 14. The The exhaust exhaust gas gas discharged discharged from from the the combustor combustor 12 12

passes through passes throughthe theturbine turbine 11b11b andand the the boiler boiler 14 is 14 and andsent is sent

to to the the exhaust exhaust stack stack 15. Then, the 15. Then, the exhaust exhaust gas gas is is discharged discharged

from the exhaust from the exhauststack stack15. 15.

[0023]

[0023] The heat The heat exchanger exchanger1616 isis arranged arranged on the on the downstream sideofofthe downstream side the boiler boiler 14 14 in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The ammonia 102. The ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 passes passes through through the the heat heat

exchanger 16. exchanger 16. The The pump pump 17 17 is is provided provided between between the the heat heat 10 exchanger1616and 10 exchanger andthe theammonia ammoniatank tank1313ininthe theammonia ammoniaflow flow

passage 103. passage 103. The The pump pump 17 17 pressurizes pressurizes the the ammonia ammonia supplied supplied

from the ammonia from the ammoniatank tank1313 andand feeds feeds the the pressurized pressurized ammonia ammonia to to

the the downstream downstream side. The ammonia side. The ammonia fed fed by by the the pump pump 17 17 is is sent sent

to the heat to the heatexchanger exchanger16. 16.

[0024]

[0024] In the heat In the heat exchanger exchanger16, 16, thethe exhaust exhaust gas gas flowing flowing through the exhaust through the exhaustflow flow passage passage 102102 and and the the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 exchange exchange heat. heat. AA temperature ofthe temperature of theexhaust exhaust gasgas flowing flowing through through the exhaust the exhaust flow passage102 flow passage 102isishigher higher than than a temperature a temperature of ammonia of the the ammonia

flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Hence, in 103. Hence, in the the heat exchanger heat exchanger16, 16,the the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the ammonia the ammonia flow passage103 flow passage 103isisheated heated with with thethe exhaust exhaust gas gas flowing flowing through through the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. Specifically, the 102. Specifically, the

ammonia is heated ammonia is heatedininthe the heat heat exchanger exchanger 16 such 16 to to such a degree a degree 25 thatthe 25 that theammonia ammoniaisisnot notvaporized. vaporized.Hence, Hence, the the ammonia ammonia is is supplied in aaliquid supplied in liquidstate state to to thethe combustor combustor 12. 12.

[0025]

[0025] The The flow flow rate rate control control valve valve 18 18 is is provided provided

8

between the between theheat heatexchanger exchanger 16 16 andand the the combustor combustor 12 in12the in the

ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. The flow 103. The flow rate rate control control valve valve 18 18

adjusts aa flow adjusts flowrate rateofof liquid liquid ammonia ammonia thatthat isbetosent is to be sent to to

the combustor1212through the combustor through thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103.

Specifically,ananopening Specifically, opening degree degree of of the the flowflow raterate control control valve 18 valve 18 is is adjusted adjusted to to thereby thereby adjust adjust the the amount amount of of supply supply

of ammonia to of ammonia tothe thecombustor combustor 12.12.

[0026]

[0026] As described As describedabove, above,inin the the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1, 1, the heat exchanger the heat exchanger1616isis arranged arranged on the on the downstream downstream side side of of

the the boiler boiler 14 14 in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The ammonia 102. The ammonia

flow passage103 flow passage 103that thatconnects connects thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 the 13 and and the

combustor 12totoeach combustor 12 eachother other passes passes through through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 16. In this 16. In this manner, manner, the the ammonia ammonia supplied supplied to to the the combustor combustor 12 12

can be heated can be heatedininthe theheat heat exchanger exchanger 16 with 16 with use use of heat of heat of of

15 theexhaust 15 the exhaustgas gasthat thathas haspassed passedthrough throughthe theboiler boiler14. 14.Thus, Thus,

the heat of the heat ofthe theexhaust exhaust gas gas cancan be be used used as aaspart a part of energy of energy that that is is required required to to combust combust ammonia. Hence, efficiency ammonia. Hence, efficiency of of

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system 1 can 1 can be be improved. improved.

[0027]

[0027] Further, inthe Further, in thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1, ammonia 1, ammonia is is 20 heatedininthe 20 heated theheat heatexchanger exchanger1616totosuch sucha adegree degreethat thatammonia ammonia is is not not vaporized. That is, vaporized. That is, the the heat heat of of the the exhaust exhaust gas gas is is

used as used as sensible sensibleheat heat ofof ammonia ammonia in the in the heatheat exchanger exchanger 16. 16. Thus, the Thus, the ammonia ammoniathat that is is stored stored inliquid in a a liquid state state in the in the ammonia tank1313isissupplied ammonia tank supplied in in a liquid a liquid state state to the to the 25 combustor1212without 25 combustor withoutbeing beingvaporized vaporizedininthe theammonia ammoniaflow flow

passage 103. passage 103. In In aa case case in in which which the the ammonia ammonia is is vaporized vaporized in in

the ammoniaflow the ammonia flowpassage passage 103, 103, an an additional additional facility facility and and

9

complicated controlare complicated control are required required in in order order to suppress to suppress a a

fluctuation inpressure fluctuation in pressureofof thethe vaporized vaporized ammonia ammonia and prevent and prevent recondensation. Further, aa pipe recondensation. Further, pipe through through which which gaseous gaseous

ammonia is to ammonia is toflow flowisisrequired required to to be increased be increased in size. in size.

Meanwhile,in Meanwhile, inthe thegas gas turbine turbine system system 1, ammonia 1, ammonia is not is not vaporized in vaporized in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. 103. Thus, Thus, the the above- above-

mentioned problems mentioned problemsdodo not not occur occur in the in the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1. 1.

[0028]

[0028] More specifically, More specifically,inin view view of of effective effective improvement ofthe improvement of theefficiency efficiency of of thethe gas gas turbine turbine system system 1, it1, it

is preferredthat is preferred thatthe thepump pump 17 17 that that pressurizes pressurizes ammonia ammonia be be

provided between provided betweenthe theheat heat exchanger exchanger 16 and 16 and the the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13 in the 13 in the ammonia ammoniaflow flow passage passage 103, 103, as the as in in the example example described above. described above. With With the the pump pump 17 17 provided provided as as described described

above, the ammonia above, the ammoniastored stored in in thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 is13 is 15 pressurizedbybythe 15 pressurized thepump pump1717and andisisthen thensent senttotothe theheat heat

exchanger 16. exchanger 16. Thus, Thus, aa boiling boiling point point of of the the ammonia ammonia passing passing

through through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 16 16 rises. Hence, aa quantity rises. Hence, quantity of of

heat that heat that can canbeberecovered recovered from from thethe exhaust exhaust gas (that gas (that is, ais, a quantity ofheat quantity of heatthat thatcan can be be recovered recovered as sensible as sensible heat)heat) 20 withoutvaporizing 20 without vaporizingthe theammonia ammoniapassing passingthrough throughthe theheat heat exchanger exchanger 16 16 is is increased. Hence, aa proportion increased. Hence, proportion of of energy energy

obtained fromthe obtained from theheat heat of of thethe exhaust exhaust gas gas in energy in energy required required to to combust combust ammonia ammonia can can be be increased. Thus, the increased. Thus, the efficiency efficiency of of

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system 1 can 1 can be be effectively effectively improved. improved.

[0029]

[0029] Now, gas Now, gas turbine turbinesystems systems according according to to modificationexamples modification examples are are described described withwith reference reference to 2 to FIG. FIG. 2

to FIG. 4. to FIG. 4.

10

[0030]

[0030] FIG. 22 is FIG. is aaschematic schematic view view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1A according 1A according to a to a first first modification example. modification example. As As illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 2, 2, the the gas gas

turbine system1A1Aaccording turbine system according to to thethe first first modification modification example example

differs from differs fromthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1 described 1 described aboveabove in that in that a heat-mediumflow a heat-medium flowpassage passage 105105 is is defined defined between between an exhaust an exhaust flow passage102 flow passage 102and andanan ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103a in 103 in a heat heat exchanger 16. exchanger 16.

[0031]

[0031] A heat A heat medium mediumsuch suchasas water water flows flows through through the the 10 heat-mediumflow 10 heat-medium flowpassage passage105. 105.A source A source of of supply supply of of the the heat heat medium flowing medium flowingthrough throughthethe heat-medium heat-medium flowflow passage passage 105 is 105 is not limited not limited to to any any particular particular one. one. For For example, example, the the heat- heat-

medium flow medium flowpassage passage105 105 andand thethe flow flow passage passage 104the 104 in in the

boiler 14 boiler 14 may maybebeinincommunication communication with with eacheach other, other, and the and the

heat medium heat mediumflowing flowingthrough through thethe heat-medium heat-medium flow flow passage passage 105 105 may be may be water watercirculating circulating through through the the flowflow passage passage 104. 104. Further, theheat-medium Further, the heat-medium flow flow passage passage 105 105 and and the flow the flow passage 104 passage 104ininthe theboiler boiler 14 14 maymay be non-communication be in in non-communication with with each other, each other,and andthe theheat heat medium medium flowing flowing through through the heat- the heat- 20 mediumflow 20 medium flowpassage passage105 105may maybebea aheat heatmedium mediumsuch suchasaswater, water, which is which is supplied suppliedfrom from a source a source of of supply supply other other than than the flow the flow passage 104. passage 104.

[0032]

[0032] In the gas In the gas turbine turbinesystem system 1A,1A, thethe exhaust exhaust flowflow passage 102 passage 102and andthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 are opposed are opposed to to

each other each other across acrossthe the heat-medium heat-medium flow flow passage passage 105the 105 in in the

heat exchanger heat exchanger 16. 16. Thus, Thus, an an exhaust exhaust gas gas flowing flowing through through the the

exhaust flow exhaust flowpassage passage102 102 andand ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the

11

ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 indirectly indirectly exchange exchange heatheat via the via the heat medium heat mediumflowing flowingthrough through thethe heat-medium heat-medium flowflow passage passage 105. 105. Specifically, theexhaust Specifically, the exhaust gasgas flowing flowing through through the exhaust the exhaust flow passage102 flow passage 102and andthe the heat heat medium medium flowing flowing through through the the 5 heat-mediumflow 5 heat-medium flowpassage passage105 105directly directlyexchange exchangeheat. heat.Then, Then,

the heat medium the heat mediumflowing flowing through through thethe heat-medium heat-medium flow flow passage passage 105 and the 105 and the ammonia ammoniaflowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 directlyexchange 103 directly exchangeheat. heat.

[0033]

[0033] As described As describedabove, above,inin thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1A, 1A, 10 theheat-medium 10 the heat-mediumflow flowpassage passage105 105isisdefined definedbetween betweenthe the

exhaust flowpassage exhaust flow passage102 102 andand thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103 in 103 in the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 16. Thus, aa quantity 16. Thus, quantity of of heat heat exchanged exchanged

between the between the exhaust exhaust gas gas flowing flowing through through the the exhaust exhaust flow flow

passage 102 passage 102and andthe theammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the ammonia the ammonia flow flow 15 passage103 15 passage 103can canbebeadjusted adjustedbybyadjusting adjustinga aflow flowrate rateofofthe the

heat medium heat mediumflowing flowingthrough through thethe heat-medium heat-medium flowflow passage passage 105. 105. As aa result, As result,a aquantity quantityof of heat heat that that the the ammonia ammonia passing passing through the heat through the heatexchanger exchanger16 16 recovers recovers fromfrom the the exhaust exhaust gas gas can be increased can be increasedasasmuch much as as possible possible while while the the vaporization vaporization

20 ofofammonia ammoniaisissuppressed. suppressed.

[0034]

[0034] FIG. FIG. 33 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1B according 1B according to a to a second second modification modification example. As illustrated example. As illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, the the

gas turbinesystem gas turbine system1B1Baccording according to to the the second second modification modification

example differsfrom example differs fromthe the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1 described 1 described above above in that two in that two heat heatexchangers exchangers16 16 areare provided. provided.

[0035]

[0035] In the gas In the gas turbine turbinesystem system 1B,1B, a first a first heatheat

12

exchanger 16a exchanger 16aand anda asecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b are provided are provided as as

the the heat heat exchangers exchangers 16. The first 16. The first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and and the the

second heat exchanger second heat exchanger16b 16b areare arranged arranged in exhaust in an an exhaust flow flow passage 102 passage 102 in in the the stated stated order order from from an an upstream upstream side. side. That That

is, the second is, the secondheat heatexchanger exchanger 16b16b is is arranged arranged on a on a downstream downstream side of the side of the first firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 16a16a in the in the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage 102. passage 102. An An ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 passes passes through through both both

of the heat of the heatexchangers exchangers 16, 16, that that is,is, the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a and the 16a and the second secondheat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. 16b.

[0036]

[0036] A switching A switchingmechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1 is is provided provided to the to the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. The switching 103. The switching mechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1

switches switches aa path pathfor forammonia ammonia between between a plurality a plurality of paths of paths in in

which ammonia which ammoniapasses passesthrough through a different a different one one or ones or ones of the of the heat exchangers heat exchangers 16. 16. The The switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1 includes includes

branching portions branching portions(specifically, (specifically, flow flow passages passages 103a 103a and 103b and 103b described later)ofofthe described later) the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103, 103, a switching a switching valve 21 valve 21 that thatswitches switches the the path path forfor ammonia ammonia in ammonia in the the ammonia

flow passage103, flow passage 103,a atemperature temperature sensor sensor 22, 22, and and a controller a controller 23. 23.

[0037]

[0037] In the example In the exampleillustrated illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 3, the 3, the ammonia ammonia flow passage103 flow passage 103passes passes through through thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b on on aa downstream downstreamside sideofof a pump a pump 17 17 and and thenthen branches branches into into the the flow flow passage passage 103a 103a and and the the flow flow passage passage 103b. The flow 103b. The flow

passage 103a passage 103aand andthe theflow flow passage passage 103b 103b joinjoin together together on anon an 25 upstreamside 25 upstream sideofofa aflow flowrate ratecontrol controlvalve valve18. 18.The The flow flow passage 103a passage 103apasses passesthrough through thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 16a. 16a. Meanwhile,the Meanwhile, theflow flowpassage passage 103b 103b does does not not passpass through through the the

13

first heat exchanger first heat exchanger16a. 16a.

[0038]

[0038] The switching The switching valve valve 21 21 is is a a three-way three-way valve. valve. The The

switching valve2121isisprovided switching valve provided at at a connecting a connecting portion portion between an between an upstream upstream end end of of the the flow flow passage passage 103a 103a and and an an

5 upstreamend 5 upstream endofofthe theflow flowpassage passage103b. 103b.The The switching switching valve valve 21 switchesthe 21 switches thepath pathfor for ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 between aapath 103 between pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the flow the flow passage 103a passage 103aand anda apath path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow passage passage 103b. When ammonia 103b. When ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow 10 passage103a, 10 passage 103a,ammonia ammoniasent sentfrom fromananammonia ammoniatank tank1313passes passes

through the second through the secondheat heat exchanger exchanger 16b, 16b, passes passes through through the the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger16a, 16a, andand is is then then sentsent to combustor to the the combustor

12. Meanwhile, when 12. Meanwhile, when ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow passage passage

103b, ammoniasent 103b, ammonia sentfrom from the the ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 passes 13 passes through through 15 thesecond 15 the secondheat heatexchanger exchanger16b 16band andisisthen thensent senttotothe the

combustor 12without combustor 12 withoutpassing passing through through the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a. 16a.

[0039]

[0039] As described As describedabove, above,the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1 switches thepath switches the pathfor forammonia ammonia in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103 103

between the between thepath pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through both both of the of the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger16a 16a andand thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b and the and the path pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through only only the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b. 16b.

[0040]

[0040] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in 25 whichthe 25 which theswitching switchingvalve valve2121isisa athree-way three-wayvalve. valve.However, However,

the switchingvalve the switching valve2121 isis notnot required required to abe to be a three-way three-way valve. For valve. For example, example, the the switching switching valve valve 21, 21, which which is is an an on- on-

14

off valve, off valve, may maybebeprovided provided in in each each of the of the flowflow passage passage 103a 103a and and the the flow flow passage passage 103b. In this 103b. In this case, case, when when the the switching switching

valve 21 valve 21 provided providedininthe the flow flow passage passage 103a103a is in is set setaninopen an open

state, and the state, and theswitching switching valve valve 21 21 provided provided in flow in the the flow

passage 103b passage 103bisisset setinin a closed a closed state, state, ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow passage passage 103a. Meanwhile, when 103a. Meanwhile, when the the switching switching valve valve

21 providedin 21 provided inthe theflow flow passage passage 103a 103a is set is set in ain a closed closed state, and the state, and theswitching switching valve valve 21 21 provided provided in flow in the the flow

passage 103b passage 103bisisset setinin an an open open state, state, ammonia ammonia passes passes through through 10 theflow 10 the flowpassage passage103b. 103b.Further, Further, the the number number of of branching branching portions from portions fromthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 and and a position a position at at

which branching which branchingportions portions areare connected connected to each to each otherother are not are not limited limited to to any any particular particular number number and and position. That is, position. That is, the the

way in way in which which the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 branches branches into into flow flow

15 passagesininthe 15 passages theswitching switchingmechanism mechanism20-1 20-1isisnot notlimited limitedtoto

any particularone. any particular one.

[0041]

[0041] The temperature The temperaturesensor sensor22 22 detects detects a temperature a temperature of the ammonia of the ammoniathat thathas has passed passed through through the the second second heat heat exchanger 16band exchanger 16b andoutputs outputs a result a result of the of the detection detection to the to the

controller controller 23. The temperature 23. The temperature sensor sensor 22 22 is is provided, provided, for for example, betweenthe example, between thesecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b and the and the switching valve2121ininthe switching valve the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. 103.

[0042]

[0042] The controller The controller2323includes includes a central a central processing processing unit unit (CPU), (CPU), a a ROM ROM stores, stores, for for example, example, a a program, program, and and a a RAM RAM 25 servesasasa awork 25 serves workarea. area.InInthe thegas gasturbine turbinesystem system1B, 1B,the the

controller 23controls controller 23 controlsanan operation operation of the of the switching switching valvevalve 21. Thus, the 21. Thus, the controller controller 23 23 can can switch switch the the path path for for ammonia ammonia

15

between the between thepath pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through both both of the of the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger16a 16a andand thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b and the path and the pathininwhich whichammonia ammonia passes passes through through only only the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b. 16b.

[0043]

[0043] The controller The controller2323switches switches thethe path path for for ammonia ammonia based on based on aa state stateofofthe the ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. In the 103. In the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, the the controller controller 23 23

switches thepath switches the pathfor forammonia ammonia based based on, on, for for example, example, the the temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia that that hashas passed passed through through the second the second

heat exchanger heat exchanger16b. 16b.

[0044]

[0044] For example,when For example, whenthe thetemperature temperature of the of the ammonia ammonia that has passed that has passedthrough through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b is 16b is equal to or equal to orlower lowerthan than a reference a reference temperature, temperature, the the controller 23controls controller 23 controls the the switching switching valve valve 21that 21 SO so that the the 15 ammoniapasses 15 ammonia passesthrough throughthe theflow flowpassage passage103a 103atotothereby therebycause cause

the ammoniato the ammonia topass passthrough through both both of of the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. Meanwhile, when 16b. Meanwhile, when the the

temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia that that hashas passed passed through through the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b 16bisis higher higher than than the the reference reference temperature, temperature,

the controller2323controls the controller controls thethe switching switching valve valve 21 SO21that so that the the ammonia passesthrough ammonia passes through the the flow flow passage passage 103b103b to thereby to thereby causecause the ammoniato the ammonia topass passthrough through only only thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b. 16b.

[0045]

[0045] The referencetemperature The reference temperatureis is an an index index for for 25 determiningwhether 25 determining whetherorornot notammonia ammoniaisisvaporized vaporizedwhen whenammonia ammonia

is is caused caused to to pass pass through through the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a. When 16a. When the temperatureofofthe the temperature the ammonia ammonia that that has has passed passed through through the the

16

second heat exchanger second heat exchanger16b 16b is is equal equal to lower to or or lower than than the the reference temperature, reference temperature, itit cancan be be determined determined thatthat the ammonia the ammonia is not vaporized is not vaporizedeven evenwith with thethe passage passage of the of the ammonia ammonia through through the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a. Meanwhile, when 16a. Meanwhile, when the the

temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia that that hashas passed passed through through the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b 16bisis higher higher than than the the reference reference temperature, temperature, it can be it can be determined determinedthat that thethe ammonia ammonia is vaporized is vaporized with with the the passage of passage of the theammonia ammonia through through thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 16a. 16a.

[0046]

[0046] When the When the path pathfor forammonia ammonia is is switched switched as as

described above, described above,a aquantity quantity of of heat heat thatthat the the ammonia ammonia passing passing through the heat through the heatexchangers exchangers16 16 recovers recovers fromfrom the exhaust the exhaust gas gas can be increased can be increasedasasmuch much as as possible possible while while the the vaporization vaporization of the ammonia of the ammoniaisissuppressed. suppressed.

[0047]

[0047] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in 15 whichthe 15 which theswitching switchingmechanism mechanism20-1 20-1switches switchesthe thepath pathfor for

ammonia basedononthe ammonia based thetemperature temperature of of the the ammonia ammonia that that has has passed through passed through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. 16b. However, However, the the

switching mechanism20-1 switching mechanism 20-1 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia based on based on a a parameter parameter other other than than the the above-mentioned above-mentioned

temperature asa aparameter temperature as parameter indicating indicating a state a state of ammonia of the the ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. For example, 103. For example, aa flow flow rate rate of of

the ammoniain the ammonia inthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 may may be used be used as a as a parameter indicating parameter indicatinga a state state of of ammonia ammonia in the in the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage 103. passage 103. For For example, example, aa pressure pressure of of the the ammonia ammonia in in the the

25 ammoniaflow 25 ammonia flowpassage passage103 103may maybebeused usedasasa aparameter parameter

indicating indicating aastate stateofofammonia ammonia in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103.

17

[0048]

[0048] As described As describedabove, above,inin the the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1B, 1B, the heat exchangers the heat exchangers1616 include include thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. The second 16b. The second heat heat exchanger exchanger

16b is arranged 16b is arrangedonona adownstream downstream side side of the of the first first heat heat

exchanger exchanger 16a 16a in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The switching 102. The switching

mechanism 20-1 mechanism 20-1isisprovided provided to to thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103. The switching The switchingmechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1 switches switches the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia between the between theplurality pluralityof of paths paths in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through aa different differentone one or or ones ones of of the the heatheat exchangers exchangers 16. 16.

10 AsAsa aresult, result,the thenumber numberororthe thekind kindofofheat heatexchangers exchangers1616

through whichammonia through which ammoniapasses passes in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103 103 can can be be changed. In the changed. In the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, the the

number of number of heat heatexchangers exchangers16 16 through through which which ammonia ammonia passes passes can can be changed. be changed. Thus, Thus, aa degree degree of of increase increase in in temperature temperature of of

ammonia, whichisiscaused ammonia, which caused by by heat heat exchange exchange withwith the exhaust the exhaust gas, can gas, can be be adjusted. adjusted. Hence, Hence, aa quantity quantity of of heat heat that that the the

ammonia passingthrough ammonia passing through the the heat heat exchangers exchangers 16 recovers 16 recovers from from the exhaustgas the exhaust gascan canbebe increased increased as as muchmuch as possible as possible whilewhile the vaporizationofofammonia the vaporization ammonia is is suppressed. suppressed.

[0049]

[0049] In particular,ititisispreferred In particular, preferred that that the the switching switching mechanism 20-1 mechanism 20-1 switch switch the the path path for for ammonia ammonia based based on on a a state state

of ammonia in of ammonia inthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 as described as described above. As above. As aa result, result, aa degree degree of of increase increase in in temperature temperature of of

ammonia, whichisiscaused ammonia, which caused by by heat heat exchange exchange withwith the exhaust the exhaust 25 gas,can 25 gas, canbebeappropriately appropriatelyadjusted adjustedbased basedonona astate stateofof

ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Hence, aa maximum 103. Hence, maximum

increase in quantity increase in quantityofof heat heat that that thethe ammonia ammonia passing passing through through

18

the heat exchangers the heat exchangers1616 recovers recovers from from the the exhaust exhaust gas be gas can can be

appropriately achieved appropriately achieved while while thethe vaporization vaporization of ammonia of ammonia is is

suppressed. suppressed.

[0050]

[0050] FIG. FIG. 44 is is aa schematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1C according 1C according to a to a third third modification example. modification example. As As illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 4, 4, as as in in the the

gas turbine gas turbinesystem system1B1B described described above, above, a first a first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a and aa second 16a and secondheat heatexchanger exchanger 16b16b are are provided provided as heat as heat exchangers 16 exchangers 16ininthe thegas gas turbine turbine system system 1C according 1C according to the to the

third third modification modification example. However, the example. However, the gas gas turbine turbine system system

1C accordingto 1C according tothe thethird third modification modification example example differs differs from from the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system1B1B described described above above in that in that a switching a switching mechanism 20-2, mechanism 20-2, which which is is different different from from the the switching switching

mechanism 20-1, mechanism 20-1,isisprovided. provided.

[0051]

[0051] Similarly tothe Similarly to theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 20-120-1 described above,the described above, theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 20-220-2 switches switches a path a path for ammonia among for ammonia amonga aplurality plurality of of paths paths in which in which ammonia ammonia passes through passes througha adifferent different oneone or or ones ones of the of the heat heat exchangers exchangers 16. In the 16. In the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2, 20-2, the the number number of of positions positions

20 atatwhich whichthe theammonia ammoniaflow flowpassage passage103 103branches branchesinto intoflow flow passages is passages islarger largerthan than that that in in thethe switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1 described above. described above. Further, Further, the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2

differs from differs fromthe theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 20-120-1 in that in that a switching a switching valve 24 and valve 24 anda aflow flowrate rate sensor sensor 25 25 are are additionally additionally provided. provided.

[0052]

[0052] In the example In the exampleillustrated illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 4, the 4, the ammonia ammonia flow passage103 flow passage 103branches branches into into a flow a flow passage passage 103c 103c and aand a flow flow passage 103d passage 103d on on a a downstream downstream side side of of a a pump pump 17. 17. The The flow flow

19

passage 103c passage 103cand andthe theflow flow passage passage 103d 103d joinjoin together together on anon an upstream side upstream side of of a a switching switching valve valve 21. 21. The The flow flow passage passage 103c 103c

passes through passes through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. 16b. Meanwhile, Meanwhile, the the

flow passage103d flow passage 103ddoes does not not pass pass through through the the second second heat heat

exchanger exchanger 16b. As in 16b. As in the the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, the the

ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 branches branches into into a flow a flow passage passage 103a 103a and and aa flow flow passage passage103b 103b at at a position a position at which at which the switching the switching valve 21 valve 21 is is installed. installed. The The flow flow passage passage 103a 103a passes passes through through

the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a. Meanwhile, the 16a. Meanwhile, the flow flow passage passage

103b does not 103b does notpass passthrough through thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 16a. 16a.

[0053]

[0053] Similarly tothe Similarly to theswitching switching valve valve 21,21, the the switching switching valve valve 24 24 is is a a three-way three-way valve. The switching valve. The switching valve valve

24 is provided 24 is providedatata aposition position at at which which an upstream an upstream endthe end of of the

flow passage103c flow passage 103cand andanan upstream upstream endend of the of the flowflow passage passage 15 103dare 15 103d areconnected connectedtotoeach eachother. other.The The switching switching valve valve 24 24 switches switches aa path pathfor forammonia ammonia in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103 103 between a between a path path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow

passage 103c passage 103cand anda apath path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow passage passage 103d. When ammonia 103d. When ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow

passage 103c, passage 103c,ammonia ammonia sent sent from from an an ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 passes 13 passes through the second through the secondheat heat exchanger exchanger 16b16b and and is then is then sent sent to the to the switching switching valve valve 21. Meanwhile, when 21. Meanwhile, when ammonia ammonia passes passes through through

the flow passage the flow passage103d, 103d, the the ammonia ammonia sent sent fromfrom the ammonia the ammonia tank tank 13 is sent 13 is sent to tothe theswitching switching valve valve 21 21 without without passing passing through through

the second heat the second heatexchanger exchanger 16b. 16b.

[0054]

[0054] As in As in the the example exampleillustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, the 3, the switching valve2121switches switching valve switches a path a path for for ammonia ammonia in ammonia in the the ammonia

20

flow passage103 flow passage 103between between a path a path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through the flow through the flowpassage passage 103a 103a andand a path a path in which in which ammonia ammonia passes through passes through the the flow flow passage passage 103b. 103b. When When ammonia ammonia passes passes

through the flow through the flowpassage passage 103a, 103a, ammonia ammonia thatthat has has passed passed

through the switching through the switchingvalve valve 21 21 passes passes through through the first the first heat heat exchanger 16aand exchanger 16a andisisthen then sent sent to to the the combustor combustor 12. 12. Meanwhile,when Meanwhile, whenammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flowflow passage passage 103b, 103b, the ammoniathat the ammonia thathas haspassed passed through through the the switching switching valvevalve 21 is 21 is sent to the sent to the combustor combustor1212 without without passing passing through through the first the first

heat exchanger heat exchanger16a. 16a.

[0055]

[0055] As described As describedabove, above,the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 switches thepath switches the pathfor forammonia ammonia in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103 103 between the between thepath pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the first the first heat exchanger heat exchanger16a 16aand and the the path path in in which which ammonia ammonia does does not not 15 passthrough 15 pass throughthe thefirst firstheat heatexchanger exchanger16a. 16a.Further, Further, the the switching mechanism20-2 switching mechanism 20-2 switches switches thethe pathpath for for ammonia ammonia in the in the ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 between between thethe pathpath in which in which ammonia ammonia passes through passes throughthe thesecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b and path and the the path in in

which ammonia which ammoniadoes doesnot not pass pass through through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger

16b. Thus, the 16b. Thus, the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 can can switch switch the the path path for ammonia among for ammonia amongthe thepath path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through both of both of the thefirst firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 16a16a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger 16b, exchanger 16b,the thepath path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through only only the first heat the first heatexchanger exchanger 16a, 16a, thethe path path in which in which ammonia ammonia 25 passesthrough 25 passes throughonly onlythe thesecond secondheat heatexchanger exchanger16b, 16b,and andthe the

path in path in which whichammonia ammonia does does notnot pass pass through through the first the first heat heat exchanger 16a exchanger 16aand andthe the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b.16b.

21

[0056]

[0056] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in which the which the switching switching valve valve 24 24 is is a a three-way three-way valve. valve. However, However,

similarly tothe similarly to theswitching switching valve valve 21 21 described described above, above, the the switching valve2424isisnot switching valve not required required to abethree-way to be a three-way valve. valve.

For example,the For example, theswitching switching valve valve 24,24, which which ison-off is an an on-off

valve, may valve, may be be provided provided in in each each of of the the flow flow passage passage 103c 103c and and

the the flow flow passage passage 103d. In this 103d. In this case, case, when when the the switching switching

valve 24 valve 24 provided providedininthe the flow flow passage passage 103c103c is in is set setaninopen an open

state, and the state, and theswitching switching valve valve 24 24 provided provided in flow in the the flow

passage 103d passage 103disisset setinin a closed a closed state, state, ammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flow flow passage passage 103c. Meanwhile, when 103c. Meanwhile, when the the switching switching valve valve

24 providedin 24 provided inthe theflow flow passage passage 103c 103c is set is set in ain a closed closed state, and the state, and theswitching switching valve valve 24 24 provided provided in flow in the the flow

passage 103d passage 103disisset setinin an an open open state, state, ammonia ammonia passes passes through through 15 theflow 15 the flowpassage passage103d. 103d.Further, Further, the the number number of of branching branching portions from portions fromthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 and and a position a position at at

which the which the branching branchingflow flow passages passages are are connected connected to each to each other other are are not not limited limited to to any any particular particular number number and and position. That position. That is, the way is, the way in inwhich whichthe the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 branches 103 branches

into flow passages into flow passagesininthe the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 is not is not limited to any limited to anyparticular particular one. one.

[0057]

[0057] The flow The flow rate ratesensor sensor2525 detects detects a flow a flow raterate of of ammonia in the ammonia in theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 and and outputs outputs a result a result of of the the detection detection to to the the controller controller 23. The flow 23. The flow rate rate sensor sensor

25 2525isisprovided, provided,for forexample, example,between betweenthe thepump pump1717and andthe the

switching valve2424ininthe switching valve the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. 103.

[0058]

[0058] In the gas In the gas turbine turbinesystem system 1C,1C, thethe controller controller 23 23

22

controls controls operations operations of of the the switching switching valves valves 21 21 and and 24. In 24. In this manner,the this manner, thecontroller controller23 23 cancan switch switch the the path path for for ammonia amongthe ammonia among thepath path inin which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through both both of the first of the firstheat heatexchanger exchanger 16a16a andand the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 5 16b,the 5 16b, thepath pathininwhich whichammonia ammoniapasses passesthrough throughonly onlythe thefirst first

heat exchanger heat exchanger16a, 16a,the the path path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through only the second only the secondheat heatexchanger exchanger 16b, 16b, and and the the pathpath in which in which ammonia doesnot ammonia does notpass passthrough through thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and the second and the secondheat heatexchanger exchanger 16b. 16b.

[0059]

[0059] As in As in the the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, the the

controller 23switches controller 23 switches the the path path forfor ammonia ammonia based based on a on a state state of of ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. For example, 103. For example, in in

the exampleillustrated the example illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 4, 4, the the controller controller 23 23

basically keeps basically keepsammonia ammonia passing passing through through the the second second heat heat 15 exchanger16b 15 exchanger 16band andswitches switchesthe thepath pathfor forammonia ammoniabetween betweenthe the

path in path in which whichammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a and the 16a and the path pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia does does not not passpass through through the the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger16a 16a based based on on a temperature a temperature of the of the ammonia thathas ammonia that haspassed passed through through thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger

16b. 16b.

[0060]

[0060] For example,when For example, whena atemperature temperature of of the the ammonia ammonia that has passed that has passedthrough through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b is 16b is equal to equal to or orlower lowerthan than a reference a reference temperature, temperature, the the controller 23controls controller 23 controls the the switching switching valve valve 21that 21 SO so that the the 25 ammoniapasses 25 ammonia passesthrough throughthe theflow flowpassage passage103a 103atotothereby therebycause cause

the ammonia to the ammonia topass passthrough through both both of of the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. Meanwhile, when 16b. Meanwhile, when the the

23

temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia that that hashas passed passed through through the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b 16bisis higher higher than than the the reference reference temperature, temperature, the controller2323controls the controller controls thethe switching switching valve valve 21 SO21that so that the the ammonia passesthrough ammonia passes through the the flow flow passage passage 103b103b to thereby to thereby causecause

the ammoniato the ammonia topass passthrough through only only thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b. 16b.

[0061]

[0061] For example,when For example, whenthe thetemperature temperature of the of the ammonia ammonia that has passed that has passedthrough through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b is 16b is higher than higher thanthe thereference reference temperature, temperature, and and the the flow flow rate rate of of

the ammoniain the ammonia inthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 exceeds exceeds a a

reference flowrate, reference flow rate,the the controller controller 23 controls 23 controls the switching the switching valve 24 valve 24 and andthe theswitching switching valve valve 21 that 21 SO so that the ammonia the ammonia passes through passes throughthe theflow flow passage passage 103d 103d and and the the flow flow passage passage 103b. As aa result, 103b. As result, the the ammonia ammonia does does not not pass pass through through the the

first heat exchanger first heat exchanger16a 16a andand thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b. 16b.

[0062]

[0062] The reference The referenceflow flowrate rate is is an an index index for for determining,when determining, whenthe the temperature temperature of the of the ammonia ammonia that that has has passed through passed throughthe thesecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b is higher is higher than than the referencetemperature, the reference temperature, whether whether or not or not ammonia ammonia is is

vaporized withthe vaporized with thepassage passage of of ammonia ammonia through through only only the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger 16b. 16b. When When the the temperature temperature of of the the ammonia ammonia that that

has passed has passed through throughthe the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16bhigher 16b is is higher

than the reference than the referencetemperature, temperature, andand the the flowflow rate rate of the of the ammonia in the ammonia in theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 exceeds exceeds the reference the reference 25 flowrate, 25 flow rate,ititcan canbebedetermined determinedthat thatthe theammonia ammoniaisisvaporized vaporized

even with the even with thepassage passageofof thethe ammonia ammonia through through only only the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b. 16b.

24

[0063]

[0063] When the When the path pathfor forammonia ammonia is is switched switched as as described above, described above,a aquantity quantity of of heat heat thatthat the the ammonia ammonia passing passing through the heat through the heatexchangers exchangers16 16 recovers recovers fromfrom the exhaust the exhaust gas gas can be increased can be increasedasasmuch much as as possible possible while while the the vaporization vaporization

of the ammonia of the ammoniaisissuppressed. suppressed.

[0064]

[0064] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in which the which the switching switchingmechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 switches switches the path the path for for ammonia basedonontwo ammonia based twoparameters, parameters, which which are are the the temperature temperature of of

the ammoniathat the ammonia thathas haspassed passed through through the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger

16b, and the 16b, and theflow flowrate rateofof thethe ammonia ammonia in the in the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage 103. passage 103. However, However, the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 may may

switch the path switch the pathfor forammonia ammonia based based onparameter on a a parameter otherother than than the above-mentionedtwo the above-mentioned two parameters parameters asparameter as a a parameter indicating indicating a a state state of of the the ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. For 103. For 15 example,only 15 example, onlyone oneofofthe theabove-mentioned above-mentionedtwo twoparameters parametersmay may

be used be used as asaaparameter parameter indicating indicating a state a state of ammonia of the the ammonia in in

the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. For example, 103. For example, aa pressure pressure of of the the

ammonia in the ammonia in theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 may may be used be used alonealone or or

in combinationwith in combination withanother another parameter parameter as aasparameter a parameter

indicating indicating aastate stateofofthe the ammonia ammonia in the in the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. 103.

[0065]

[0065] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in which the which the switching switchingmechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 switches switches the path the path for for ammonia amongthe ammonia among thepath path inin which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through both both

of the first of the firstheat heatexchanger exchanger 16a16a andand the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b, the path 16b, the pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through only only the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger16b, 16b,the the path path in in which which ammonia ammonia does does not pass not pass

25

through thefirst through the firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 16a16a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. However, the 16b. However, the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 may may

switch the path switch the pathfor forammonia ammonia SO so that that ammonia ammonia passes passes through through only only the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a. For example, 16a. For example, aa degree degree of of

increase in temperature increase in temperatureof of ammonia ammonia may may be different be different between between the first heat the first heatexchanger exchanger16a16a andand thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 16b. In this 16b. In this case, case, the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 20-2 20-2 switches switches the the

path for path for ammonia ammoniabetween between thethe path path in which in which ammonia ammonia passes passes through onlythe through only thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and and the path the path in in 10 whichammonia 10 which ammoniapasses passesthrough throughonly onlythe thesecond secondheat heatexchanger exchanger

16b based on, 16b based on,for forexample, example, thethe flow flow raterate of the of the ammonia ammonia in in

the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. As aa result, 103. As result, aa quantity quantity of of

heat that heat that the theammonia ammonia passing passing through through the the heatheat exchangers exchangers 16 16

recovers fromthe recovers from theexhaust exhaust gasgas cancan be be increased increased as much as much as as

possible while possible whilethe thevaporization vaporization of of ammonia ammonia is suppressed. is suppressed.

[0066]

[0066] As described As described above, above, as as in in the the gas gas turbine turbine system system

1B describedabove, 1B described above,ininthe the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1C, heat 1C, the the heat

exchangers 16include exchangers 16 includethe the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a the 16a and and the

second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b. The second 16b. The second heat heat exchanger exchanger 16b 16b is is

20 arrangedonona adownstream 20 arranged downstreamside sideofofthe thefirst firstheat heatexchanger exchanger16a 16a in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The switching 102. The switching mechanism mechanism 20- 20-

2 2 is is provided provided to to the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. The switching 103. The switching

mechanism 20-2 mechanism 20-2 switches switches the the path path for for ammonia ammonia among among the the

plurality of plurality ofpaths pathsinin which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through a a

25 differentone 25 different oneororones onesofofthe theheat heatexchangers exchangers16. 16.Thus, Thus, the the same effectsasasthose same effects thoseofof thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1B described 1B described above are obtained. above are obtained.

26

[0067]

[0067] There has There has been beendescribed described above above with with reference reference to to FIG. FIG. 33 and and FIG. FIG.4 4ananexample example in in which which two two heatheat exchangers exchangers 16 16

are are provided provided in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. However, three 102. However, three

or more heat or more heatexchangers exchangers16 16 maymay be be provided provided in exhaust in the the exhaust

5 flowpassage 5 flow passage102. 102.When When a plurality a plurality of of heat heat exchangers exchangers 16 16 are are provided in provided in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102, 102, a a heat-medium heat-medium flow flow

passage 105 passage 105may maybebedefined defined between between the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102 and the 102 and the ammonia ammoniaflow flow passage passage 103103 in each in each of heat of the the heat

exchangers 16,asasininthe exchangers 16, the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1A described 1A described 10 above. 10 above.

[0068]

[0068] The switching The switchingmechanism mechanism 20-1 20-1 andand thethe switching switching mechanism 20-2 mechanism 20-2have havebeen been described described above above as examples as examples of the of the switching mechanismthat switching mechanism that switches switches thethe pathpath for for ammonia. ammonia. However, theswitching However, the switching mechanism mechanism is is not not limited limited to the to the

examples examples described described above. For example, above. For example, the the flow flow passage passage 103b 103b

and the switching and the switchingvalve valve 21 21 maymay be be omitted omitted fromfrom the example the example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 4. In this 4. In this case, case, the the path path for for ammonia ammonia

can be switched can be switchedbetween between the the path path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through bothofofthe through both thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a 16a and second and the the second

heat exchanger heat exchanger16b 16band and the the path path in in which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through onlythe through only thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 16a.16a.

[0069]

[0069] The embodiment The embodimentofofthe the present present disclosure disclosure has has been been described above described abovewith withreference reference to to the the attached attached drawings, drawings, but, but, needless tosay, needless to say,the thepresent present disclosure disclosure is not is not limited limited to the to the 25 above-mentionedembodiment. 25 above-mentioned embodiment.It It is is apparent apparent that that those those skilled in the skilled in theart artmay may arrive arrive at at various various alternations alternations and and modificationswithin modifications withinthe the scope scope of of claims, claims, and and thosethose examples examples

27

are construedasasnaturally are construed naturally falling falling within within the the technical technical scope scope of the present of the presentdisclosure. disclosure.

[0070]

[0070] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in which the which the rotational rotationalpower power transmitted transmitted fromfrom the turbine the turbine 11b 11b

to the compressor to the compressor11a 11aisis used used as as energy energy for for driving driving the power the power generator in generator in the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1, 1, 1A, 1A, 1B, 1B, 1C. 1C. However, However,

the rotationalpower the rotational powertransmitted transmitted from from the the turbine turbine 11bthe 11b to to the

compressor 11aininthe compressor 11a thegas gas turbine turbine system system 1, 1A, 1, 1A, 1B,may 1B, 1C 1C be may be

used for other used for otherpurposes purposesof of use, use, forfor example, example, in order in order to to

drive aa movable drive movableobject object such such as as a ship. a ship.

[0071]

[0071] The present The presentdisclosure disclosure contributes contributes to the to the improvement improvement of of efficiency efficiency of of the the gas gas turbine turbine system. Thus, system. Thus, the presentdisclosure the present disclosure can can contribute contribute to, to, for for example, example, achievement ofGoal achievement of Goal7 7"ensure "ensure access access to affordable, to affordable, reliable, reliable, 15 sustainableand 15 sustainable andmodern modernenergy" energy"ofofthe thesustainable sustainabledevelopment development

goals(SGDs) goals (SGDs). .

Reference Signs Reference SignsList List

[0072]

[0072] 1: gas turbine 1: gas turbinesystem, system, 1A: 1A: gasgas turbine turbine system, system,

1B: gas turbine 1B: gas turbinesystem, system, 1C: 1C: gasgas turbine turbine system, system, 12: 12: combustor, 13:ammonia combustor, 13: ammonia tank, tank, 14:14: boiler, boiler, 16: 16: heatheat exchanger, exchanger, 16a: first heat 16a: first heatexchanger, exchanger, 16b: 16b: second second heatheat exchanger, exchanger, 20-1:20-1: switching mechanism,20-2: switching mechanism, 20-2: switching switching mechanism, mechanism, 102: 102: exhaust exhaust flow passage,103: flow passage, 103:ammonia ammonia flow flow passage, passage, 105:105: heat-medium heat-medium

flow passage flow passage

Claims (1)

1. Claims 1. A gas turbine system, comprising: an ammonia tank configured to store ammonia in a liquid state; 5 a combustor, which is connected to the ammonia tank, and to which the ammonia is to be supplied in a liquid state; an exhaust flow passage connected to the combustor; 2022445346

   a boiler provided in the exhaust flow passage; and a heat exchanger, which is arranged on a downstream side 10 of the boiler in the exhaust flow passage, and through which an ammonia flow passage connecting the ammonia tank and the combustor to each other passes; wherein the ammonia is heated in the heat exchanger to such a degree that the ammonia is not vaporized. 15 2. The gas turbine system according to claim 1, wherein a heat-medium flow passage is defined between the exhaust flow passage and the ammonia flow passage in the heat exchanger.

   20 3. The gas turbine system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger arranged on a downstream side of the first heat exchanger in the exhaust flow passage, 25 and wherein a switching mechanism configured to switch a path for the ammonia between paths in which the ammonia passes through a different one or ones of the heat exchangers is provided to the ammonia flow passage. 30 4. The gas turbine system according to claim 3, wherein the switching mechanism is configured to switch the path for the ammonia based on a state of the ammonia in the ammonia flow passage.