AU2022446945B2

AU2022446945B2 - Gas turbine system

Info

Publication number: AU2022446945B2
Application number: AU2022446945A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Shintaro Ito; Soichiro Kato
Original assignee: IHI Corp
Current assignee: IHI Corp
Priority date: 2022-03-16
Filing date: 2022-11-24
Publication date: 2025-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-24
Also published as: KR20240138527A; JPWO2023176050A1; AU2022446945A1; JP2025176152A; JP7747172B2; WO2023176050A1; CN118742721A

Abstract

A gas turbine system (1) comprises: an ammonia tank (13) that stores ammonia; a combustor (12) connected to the ammonia tank (13); an exhaust flow passage (102) connected to the combustor (12); a boiler (14) provided in the exhaust flow passage (102); a steam turbine (16) connected to the boiler (14); a condenser (17) connected to the steam turbine (16); a seawater flow passage (107) (heat medium flow passage) which passes through the condenser (17); and a heat exchanger (20) which is disposed on the upstream side of the condenser (17) in the seawater flow passage (107), on the downstream side of the condenser (17) in the seawater flow passage (107), or in a flow passage (106) connecting the steam turbine (16), the condenser (17), and the boiler (14), and through which an ammonia flow passage (103) that connects the ammonia tank (13) and the combustor (12) passes.

Description

Title: GAS TURBINE SYSTEM

Technical Field 2022446945

5 [0001] The present disclosure relates to a gas turbine

system. This application claims the benefit of priority to

Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-041292 filed on March

16, 2022, and contents thereof are incorporated herein.

10 Background Art

[0002] A gas turbine system that combusts fuel in a

combustor to obtain power has been used. As the gas turbine

system, for example, there exists a gas turbine system that

uses ammonia as fuel, as disclosed in Patent Literature 1.

15 Emission of carbon dioxide is suppressed by using ammonia as

fuel.

Citation List

Patent Literature

[0003] Patent Literature 1: JP 2016-191507 A

20

Summary

[0003a] It is an object of the invention to address at

least one shortcoming of the prior art and/or provide a

useful alternative.

25 [0003b] In one aspect of the present disclosure there is

provided a gas turbine system, comprising: an ammonia tank

configured to store ammonia in a liquid state; a combustor connected to the ammonia tank, and to which the ammonia is supplied in a liquid state; an exhaust flow passage connected to the combustor; a boiler provided in the exhaust flow passage; a steam turbine connected to the boiler; a condenser 2022446945

5 connected to the steam turbine; a heat-medium flow passage

passing through the condenser; and a heat exchanger, which is

arranged on an upstream side of the condenser in the heat-

medium flow passage, on a downstream side of the condenser in

the heat-medium flow passage, or in a flow passage that

10 connects the steam turbine, the condenser, and the boiler,

the heat exchanger through which an ammonia flow passage that

connects the ammonia tank and the combustor to each other

passes, wherein the ammonia is heated in the heat exchanger

to such a degree that the ammonia is not vaporised.

15 [0004] As the gas turbine system, there exists a system

that generates steam in a boiler by using heat of an exhaust

gas discharged from a combustor and drives a steam turbine

with the steam. The steam that has passed through the steam

turbine is liquefied in a condenser through heat exchange

20 with a heat medium such as seawater. It is required that a

temperature of the heat medium such as seawater, which is

discharged after the heat exchange with the steam, be

prevented from becoming excessively high so as not to

adversely affect an ecosystem. Thus, it is required that a

25 large amount of heat medium such as seawater be sucked by a

pump and supplied to the condenser. Along with an increase

in the amount of sucked heat medium such as seawater, required power also increases, which may result in lower efficiency of the gas turbine system.

[0005] In one or more forms, the present disclosure 2022446945

5 provides a gas turbine system with improved efficiency.

[0006] In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is

provided a gas turbine system including: an ammonia tank

configured to store ammonia; a combustor connected to the

10 ammonia tank; an exhaust flow passage connected to the

combustor; a boiler provided in the exhaust flow passage; a

steam turbine connected to the boiler; a condenser connected

to the steam turbine; a heat-medium flow passage passing

through the condenser; and a heat exchanger, which is

15 arranged on an upstream side of the condenser in the heat-

medium flow passage, on a downstream side of the condenser in

the heat-medium flow passage, or in a flow passage that

connects the steam turbine, the condenser, and the boiler,

the heat exchanger through which an ammonia flow passage that

20 connects the ammonia tank and the combustor to each other

passes.

[0007] The ammonia may be stored in a liquid state in

3a

the ammonia tank, and the ammonia may be supplied in a liquid

state to the combustor.

[0008] The heat exchanger may include: a first heat

exchanger arranged on an upstream side of the condenser in 2022446945

5 the heat-medium flow passage; and a second heat exchanger

arranged on a downstream side of the condenser in the heat-

medium flow passage, and the ammonia flow passage may be

provided with a switching mechanism configured to switch a

path for the ammonia between a plurality of paths in which

10 the ammonia passes through a different one or ones of the

heat exchangers.

[0009] The switching mechanism may switch the path for

the ammonia based on at least one of a state of the ammonia

in the ammonia flow passage or a state of a heat medium in

15 the heat-medium flow passage.

[0010] According to the present disclosure, efficiency

of a gas turbine system can be improved.

20 Brief Description of Drawings

[0011] FIG. 1 is a schematic view for illustrating a

4

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system according according to anto an embodiment of embodiment ofthe thepresent present disclosure. disclosure. FIG. FIG. 22 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system according according to a to a first first

modificationexample. modification example.

FIG. FIG. 33 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system according according to a to a second second modificationexample. modification example.

FIG. FIG. 44 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

10 configurationofofa agas 10 configuration gasturbine turbinesystem systemaccording accordingtotoa athird third

modificationexample. modification example.

FIG. 55 is FIG. is aaschematic schematic view view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system according according to a to a fourth fourth modificationexample. modification example.

DescriptionofofEmbodiments Description Embodiments

[0012]

[0012] Now, with Now, with reference referencetoto the the attached attached drawings, drawings, an an embodiment of embodiment of the the present present disclosure disclosure is is described. described. The The

dimensions,materials, dimensions, materials, and and other other specific specific numerical numerical values values

represented inthe represented in theembodiment embodiment areare merely merely examples examples used used for for facilitating theunderstanding facilitating the understandingof of thethe disclosure, disclosure, andnot and do do not

limit the present limit the presentdisclosure disclosure otherwise otherwise particularly particularly noted. noted. Elements having Elements havingsubstantially substantiallythethe same same functions functions and and configurations hereinand configurations herein and in in thethe drawings drawings are are denoted denoted by the by the 25 samereference 25 same referencesymbols symbolstotoomit omitredundant redundantdescription descriptionthereof. thereof.

Further, illustration Further, illustrationofof elements elements with with no direct no direct relationship relationship to the present to the presentdisclosure disclosureis is omitted. omitted.

5

[0013]

[0013] FIG. 11 is FIG. is aaschematic schematic view view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1 according 1 according to this to this embodiment. As illustrated embodiment. As illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 1, 1, the the gas gas turbine turbine system system

1 includes aacompressor 1 includes compressor 11a, 11a, a turbine a turbine 11b,11b, a combustor a combustor 12, 12,

an an ammonia ammonia tank tank 13, 13, a a boiler boiler 14, 14, an an exhaust exhaust stack 15, a stack 15, a steam steam

turbine 16, aacondenser turbine 16, condenser 17, 17, a pump a pump 18, 18, a pump a pump 19, 19, a a heat heat exchanger 20,a apump exchanger 20, pump21, 21, andand a flow a flow raterate control control valvevalve 22. 22.

[0014]

[0014] The compressor The compressor11a 11aand and the the turbine turbine 11b 11b rotate rotate integrally. The compressor integrally. The compressor 11a 11a and and the the turbine turbine 11b 11b are are

10 coupledtotoeach 10 coupled eachother otherthrough throughintermediation intermediationofofa ashaft. shaft.

[0015]

[0015] The compressor The compressor11a 11aisis provided provided in in an intake an intake flowflow passage 101 passage 101 connected connected to to the the combustor combustor 12. 12. Air Air to to be be

supplied to the supplied to thecombustor combustor12 12 flows flows through through the the intake intake flow flow passage 101. passage 101. An An intake intake port port (not (not shown) shown) is is formed formed at at an an

15 upstream-sideend 15 upstream-side endportion portionofofthe theintake intakeflow flowpassage passage101. 101.

The intake The intake port portallows allows air air to to be be introduced introduced fromfrom an outside. an outside. The air The air introduced introducedthrough through thethe intake intake portport passes passes through through the the compressor compressor 11a 11a and and is is sent sent to to the the combustor combustor 12. The 12. The compressor 11acompresses compressor 11a compressesthethe airair andand discharges discharges the the

compressed airtotoa adownstream compressed air downstream side. side.

[0016]

[0016] The turbine The turbine11b 11bisisprovided provided in in an an exhaust exhaust flowflow passage 102 passage 102 connected connected to to the the combustor combustor 12. 12. An An exhaust exhaust gas gas

dischargedfrom discharged fromthe thecombustor combustor 12 12 flows flows through through the exhaust the exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The exhaust 102. The exhaust gas gas discharged discharged from from the the

25 combustor1212passes 25 combustor passesthrough throughthe theturbine turbine11b 11band andisissent senttotoa a

downstream sideofofthe downstream side the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102 102 from from the the turbine turbine 11b. When the 11b. When the turbine turbine 11b 11b is is rotated rotated by by the the exhaust exhaust

6

gas, rotational gas, rotationalpower powerisis generated. generated.

[0017]

[0017] A power A power generator generator(not (not shown) shown) is is connected connected to the to the compressor compressor 11a. The rotational 11a. The rotational power power that that has has been been

transmitted fromthe transmitted from theturbine turbine 11b11b to to the the compressor compressor 11a is 11a is

used by used by the thepower powergenerator generator forfor power power generation. generation.

[0018]

[0018] The air, The air, which whichhas hasbeen been compressed compressed by the by the compressor 11a,isissupplied compressor 11a, supplied to to thethe combustor combustor 12 through 12 through the the intake flow passage intake flow passage101, 101, while while ammonia ammonia is supplied is supplied in a in a liquid stateasasfuel liquid state fuelfrom from thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13the 13 to to the

10 combustor12. 10 combustor 12.However, However, ammonia ammonia may may be be supplied supplied in in a gaseous a gaseous state state to to the the combustor combustor 12 12 as as described described later. Combustion is later. Combustion is

performed in performed inthe thecombustor combustor 12 12 with with use use of ammonia of ammonia as fuel. as fuel. The exhaust The exhaustgas gasgenerated generatedin in thethe combustor combustor 12discharged 12 is is discharged

to the exhaust to the exhaustflow flowpassage passage 102. 102.

[0019]

[0019] Ammonia is Ammonia isstored storedinina a liquid liquid state state in the in the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13. In the 13. In the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13, 13, ammonia ammonia is is

maintainedinina aliquid maintained liquid state state at,at, for for example, example, an atmospheric an atmospheric pressure and pressure and -33°C. -33°C. The The storage storage of of ammonia ammonia in in aa low- low-

temperature liquidstate temperature liquid state in in thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 suppresses 13 suppresses an an

increase increase in in vapor vapor pressure pressure in in the the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13. Thus, the 13. Thus, the

occurrence of occurrence ofproblems problemsin in tank tank strength strength and and in structure in structure is is

suppressed. suppressed.

[0020]

[0020] The ammonia The ammoniatank tank1313isis connected connected to the to the combustor combustor 12 through intermediation 12 through intermediationof of an an ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103. Ammoniaflows 25 Ammonia flowsthrough throughthe theammonia ammoniaflow flowpassage passage103. 103.Ammonia Ammonia

is supplied from is supplied fromthe theammonia ammonia tank tank 13 the 13 to to the combustor combustor 12 12 through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Details of 103. Details of the the ammonia ammonia

7

flow passage103 flow passage 103are aredescribed described later. later.

[0021]

[0021] The boiler The boiler 14 14isisprovided provided on on a downstream a downstream sideside of of the the turbine turbine 11b 11b in in the the exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102. The boiler 102. The boiler

14 includes aaflow 14 includes flowpassage passage 104104 through through which which water water flows. flows.

The water The water flowing flowing through through the the flow flow passage passage 104 104 is is heated heated with with

the exhaustgas the exhaust gasflowing flowing through through thethe exhaust exhaust flowflow passage passage 102 102 and is and is thereby thereby vaporized vaporized into into gas gas (that (that is, is, steam) steam).The The

steam generatedininthe steam generated the boiler boiler 14 14 is is usedused for for power power generation generation as described as described later. later. The The exhaust exhaust flow flow passage passage 102 102 is is

10 connectedtotothe 10 connected theexhaust exhauststack stack1515atata aposition positiononona a

downstream side downstream side of of the the boiler boiler 14. 14. The The exhaust exhaust gas gas discharged discharged

from the combustor from the combustor1212passes passes through through the the turbine turbine 11b the 11b and and the

boiler 14, boiler 14, is is sent sent to to the the exhaust exhaust stack stack 15, 15, and and is is then then

discharged from discharged fromthe theexhaust exhaust stack stack 15. 15.

[0022]

[0022] The boiler The boiler 14 14isisconnected connected to to thethe steam steam turbine turbine 16. Specifically, an 16. Specifically, an outlet outlet of of the the flow flow passage passage 104 104 of of the the

boiler 14 boiler 14 is isconnected connectedto to an an inlet inlet of the of the steam steam turbine turbine 16 16

through through intermediation intermediation of of a a flow flow passage passage 105. The steam 105. The steam

generated in generated inthe theboiler boiler 14 14 is is sent sent to the to the steam steam turbine turbine 16 16

20 throughthe 20 through theflow flowpassage passage105. 105.Then, Then, the the steam steam turbine turbine 16 16 is is rotated withthe rotated with thesteam steamtoto thereby thereby generate generate rotational rotational power. power. The rotational The rotationalpower powergenerated generated by by the the steam steam turbine turbine 16 is16 is used for power used for powergeneration. generation.

[0023]

[0023] The steam The steam turbine turbine1616isis connected connected to the to the

condenser condenser 17. Specifically, an 17. Specifically, an outlet outlet of of the the steam steam turbine turbine

16 is connected 16 is connectedtotoananinlet inlet of of thethe flow flow passage passage 104the 104 of of the boiler 14 boiler 14 through through intermediation intermediation of of a a flow flow passage passage 106. 106. The The

8

condenser condenser 17 17 is is arranged arranged in in the the flow flow passage passage 106. 106. AA seawater seawater

flow flow passage passage 107 107 passes passes through through the the condenser condenser 17. Seawater 17. Seawater flows flows through through the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. The seawater 107. The seawater

flow passage107 flow passage 107corresponds correspondsto to oneone example example of aof a heat-medium heat-medium

flow flow passage passage through through which which a a heat heat medium medium flows. That is, flows. That is, the the

seawater correspondstoto seawater corresponds one one example example of the of the heatheat medium medium flowing flowing through through the the heat-medium heat-medium flow flow passage. Examples of passage. Examples of

the heat medium the heat mediuminclude, include, besides besides seawater, seawater, river river water, water, groundwater,and groundwater, andair. air.

10 [0024] 10 [0024] In the condenser In the condenser17, 17,the the steam steam flowing flowing through through the flow passage the flow passage106 106and and thethe seawater seawater flowing flowing through through the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107 107 exchange exchange heat. heat. AA temperature temperature of of

the steam flowing the steam flowingthrough through thethe flow flow passage passage 106 106 is higher is higher than than a temperatureofofthe a temperature theseawater seawater flowing flowing through through the seawater the seawater

flow flow passage passage 107. Thus, in 107. Thus, in the the condenser condenser 17, 17, the the steam steam

flowing throughthe flowing through theflow flow passage passage 106106 is cooled is cooled with with the the seawater flowingthrough seawater flowing throughthethe seawater seawater flowflow passage passage 107 is 107 and and is

thereby thereby liquified liquified into into water. Details of water. Details of the the seawater seawater flow flow

passage 107 passage 107are aredescribed described later. later.

[0025]

[0025] The pump The pump 18 18isisprovided providedon on a downstream a downstream sideside of of the the condenser condenser 17 17 in in the the flow flow passage passage 106. The pump 106. The pump 18 18

pressurizesthe pressurizes thewater water generated generated in in the the condenser condenser 17 feeds 17 and and feeds

the the water water to to a a downstream downstream side. The water side. The water fed fed by by the the pump pump 18 18

is sent to is sent to the theflow flowpassage passage 104104 of of the the boiler boiler 14. 14.

[0026]

[0026] The seawater The seawatersucked suckedfrom from thethe seasea flows flows through through the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. The seawater 107. The seawater that that has has passed passed through theseawater through the seawaterflow flow passage passage 107107 is discharged is discharged back back into into

9

the the sea. The pump sea. The pump 19 19 is is provided provided on on an an upstream upstream side side of of the the

condenser condenser 17 17 in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. The pump 107. The pump 19 19

pressurizes seawater pressurizes seawater and and feeds feeds the the seawater seawater to to a a downstream downstream

side. In this side. In this manner, manner, seawater seawater is is sucked sucked from from the the sea sea into into

the seawaterflow the seawater flowpassage passage 107. 107.

[0027]

[0027] The heat The heat exchanger exchanger2020 isis arranged arranged between between the the pump 19 pump 19 and andthe thecondenser condenser17 17 in in thethe seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. The ammonia 107. The ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 passes passes through through the the heat heat

exchanger 20. exchanger 20. The The pump pump 21 21 is is provided provided between between the the heat heat

10 exchanger2020and 10 exchanger andthe theammonia ammoniatank tank1313ininthe theammonia ammoniaflow flow

passage 103. passage 103. The The pump pump 21 21 pressurizes pressurizes the the ammonia ammonia supplied supplied

from the ammonia from the ammoniatank tank1313 andand feeds feeds the the pressurized pressurized ammonia ammonia to to

the the downstream downstream side. The ammonia side. The ammonia fed fed by by the the pump pump 21 21 is is sent sent

to the heat to the heatexchanger exchanger20. 20.

[0028]

[0028] In the heat In the heatexchanger exchanger20, 20, thethe seawater seawater flowing flowing through theseawater through the seawaterflow flow passage passage 107107 and and the the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 exchange exchange heat. heat. AA temperature ofthe temperature of theseawater seawater flowing flowing through through the the seawater seawater flow flow passage 107 passage 107isishigher higher than than a temperature a temperature of ammonia of the the ammonia

flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Thus, in 103. Thus, in the the

heat exchanger heat exchanger20, 20,the the seawater seawater flowing flowing through through the seawater the seawater flow passage107 flow passage 107isiscooled cooled with with thethe ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Meanwhile, the 103. Meanwhile, the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing

through theammonia through the ammoniaflow flow passage passage 103103 is heated is heated with with the the 25 seawaterflowing 25 seawater flowingthrough throughthe theseawater seawaterflow flowpassage passage107. 107.The The

ammonia is heated ammonia is heatedininthe the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20 such 20 to to such a degree a degree that that the the ammonia ammonia is is not not vaporized. Thus, the vaporized. Thus, the ammonia ammonia is is

10

supplied inaaliquid supplied in liquidstate state to to thethe combustor combustor 12. 12.

[0029]

[0029] The flow The flow rate rate control control valve valve 22 22 is is provided provided

between the between theheat heatexchanger exchanger 20 20 andand the the combustor combustor 12 in12the in the

ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. The flow 103. The flow rate rate control control valve valve 22 22

adjusts adjusts aa flow flowrate rateofof liquid liquid ammonia ammonia thatthat isbetosent is to be sent to to

the combustor1212through the combustor through thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103. Specifically, Specifically, ananopening opening degree degree of of the the flowflow raterate control control valve 22 valve 22 is isadjusted adjustedtoto thereby thereby adjust adjust the the amount amount of supply of supply of ammonia to of ammonia tothe thecombustor combustor 12.12. 10 [0030] 10 [0030] As described As describedabove, above,inin thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1, 1, the heat exchanger the heat exchanger2020isis arranged arranged on the on the upstream upstream side side of the of the condenser condenser 17 17 in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. The ammonia 107. The ammonia

flow passage103 flow passage 103that thatconnects connects thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 the 13 and and the

combustor 12totoeach combustor 12 eachother other passes passes through through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 15 20.With 15 20. With this this arrangement, arrangement, the the seawater seawater flowing flowing through through the the seawater flowpassage seawater flow passage107 107 cancan be be cooled cooled withwith usethe use of of the

ammonia flowingthrough ammonia flowing through the the ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103the 103 in in the

heat exchanger heat exchanger 20. 20. Thus, Thus, the the seawater seawater and and the the steam steam in in the the

condenser 17can condenser 17 canhave havea a large large difference difference in temperature. in temperature.

Hence, even Hence, evenwhen whena asuction suction amount amount of seawater of seawater is reduced, is reduced, a a

cooling effectofofseawater cooling effect seawater forfor steam steam can can be maintained. be maintained. Accordingly,power Accordingly, powerofof the the pump pump 19 19 can can be reduced, be reduced, and thus and thus efficiency of efficiency ofthe thegas gas turbine turbine system system 1 can 1 can be improved. be improved.

[0031]

[0031] Further, in Further, inthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1, the 1, the ammonia ammonia

25 totobebesupplied suppliedtotothe thecombustor combustor1212can canbebeheated heatedininthe theheat heat

exchanger 20with exchanger 20 withuse useofof thethe seawater seawater flowing flowing through through the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. Thus, the 107. Thus, the heat heat of of the the seawater seawater

11

can be used can be usedas asa apart partofof energy energy that that is required is required to combust to combust ammonia. With this ammonia. With this configuration, configuration, efficiency efficiency of of the the gas gas

turbine system1 1can turbine system canalso also be be improved. improved.

[0032]

[0032] In particular,ininthe In particular, thegas gas turbine turbine system system 1, 1,

ammonia is heated ammonia is heatedininthe the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20 such 20 to to such a degree a degree that that ammonia ammonia is is not not vaporized. That is, vaporized. That is, the the heat heat of of the the

seawater is used seawater is usedasassensible sensible heat heat of ammonia of ammonia in heat in the the heat

exchanger exchanger 20. Thus, the 20. Thus, the ammonia ammonia that that is is stored stored in in aa liquid liquid

state in state in the theammonia ammoniatank tank 13 13 is is supplied supplied in ain a liquid liquid statestate to to

the combustor1212without the combustor without being being vaporized vaporized in the in the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage 103. passage 103. In In aa case case in in which which the the ammonia ammonia is is vaporized vaporized in in

the ammoniaflow the ammonia flowpassage passage 103, 103, an an additional additional facility facility and and complicated controlare complicated control are required required in in order order to suppress to suppress a a

fluctuation inpressure fluctuation in pressureof of thethe vaporized vaporized ammonia ammonia and prevent and prevent

recondensation. Further, aa pipe recondensation. Further, pipe through through which which gaseous gaseous

ammonia is to ammonia is toflow flowisisrequired required to to be increased be increased in size. in size. Meanwhile, in Meanwhile, in the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1, 1, ammonia ammonia is is not not

vaporized in vaporized in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. 103. Thus, Thus, the the above- above-

mentioned problems mentioned problemsdodo not not occur occur in in the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1. 1.

[0033]

[0033] More specifically, More specifically,inin view view of of effective effective improvement ofthe improvement of theefficiency efficiency of of thethe gas gas turbine turbine system system 1, it1, it is preferredthat is preferred thatthe thepump pump 21 21 that that pressurizes pressurizes ammonia ammonia be be

provided between provided between the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20 20 and and the the ammonia ammonia tank tank

13 in the 13 in the ammonia ammoniaflow flowpassage passage 103, 103, as the as in in the example example 25 describedabove. 25 described above.With With the the pump pump 21 21 provided provided as as described described above, the above, the ammonia ammoniastored stored in in thethe ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 is13 is pressurizedbybythe pressurized thepump pump 21 21 andand is is then then sentsent to heat to the the heat

12

exchanger 20. exchanger 20. Thus, Thus, sensible sensible heat heat that that is is required required to to

vaporize the vaporize theammonia ammoniapassing passing through through the the heatheat exchanger exchanger 20 20

increases. Hence, aa quantity increases. Hence, quantity of of heat heat that that can can be be recovered recovered

from the seawater from the seawater(that (that is, is, a quantity a quantity of heat of heat that that can be can be 5 recoveredasassensible 5 recovered sensibleheat) heat)without withoutvaporizing vaporizingthe theammonia ammonia

passing through passing through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20 20 is is increased. increased. Hence, Hence, aa

proportion of proportion ofenergy energyobtained obtained from from the the heatheat of seawater of the the seawater

in energy required in energy requiredtotocombust combust ammonia ammonia can can be increased. be increased. Thus, the Thus, the efficiency efficiencyofof thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1 can1 be can be

effectively improved. effectively improved.

[0034]

[0034] Further, in Further, inthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1, the 1, the seawater flowingthrough seawater flowing throughthethe seawater seawater flowflow passage passage 107 be 107 can can be

cooled in the cooled in theheat heatexchanger exchanger 20 20 with with use use of the of the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Thus, the 103. Thus, the

seawater andthe seawater and thesteam steaminin thethe condenser condenser 17 can 17 can have have a large a large difference difference in in temperature. Hence, aa temperature temperature. Hence, temperature of of the the water water

generated in generated inthe thecondenser condenser 17 17 cancan be decreased be decreased with with a smaller a smaller suction amountofofseawater suction amount seawater (that (that is,is, power power consumption consumption by the by the pump 19 pump 19 can canbebereduced) reduced). A reduction . A reduction in temperature in temperature of of

condensate alsoreduces condensate also reduces a pressure a pressure on outlet on an an outlet side side of the of the steam steam turbine turbine 16. Thus, energy 16. Thus, energy that that can can be be obtained obtained through through

a thermal cycle a thermal cycleofofwater water passing passing through through the the boiler boiler 14, the 14, the steam steam turbine turbine 16, 16, and and the the condenser condenser 17 17 can be increased. can be increased.

This increase This increaseininenergy energy cancan also also improve improve the the efficiency efficiency of of

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system1. 1.

[0035]

[0035] Further, in Further, inthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1, even 1, even whenwhen the steam turbine the steam turbine1616isis not not activated, activated, ammonia, ammonia, whichwhich is is

13

flame-retardant andstored flame-retardant and stored at at a low a low temperature temperature in the in the ammonia tank13, ammonia tank 13,can canbebe heated heated by by actuating actuating the the pump pump 19. 19. Thus, stable Thus, stablecombustion combustioncancan be be achieved achieved promptly promptly in the in the combustor 12,and combustor 12, andininturn, turn, thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1 can1 be can be

activated promptly. activated promptly.

[0036]

[0036] There has There has been beendescribed describedan an example example in which in which the the heat exchanger heat exchanger2020isisarranged arranged on on thethe upstream upstream side side of the of the condenser condenser 17 17 in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. However, 107. However, similarly toa asecond similarly to secondheat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b of aofgas a turbine gas turbine

10 system1A1Aillustrated 10 system illustratedininFIG. FIG.2 2orora agas gasturbine turbinesystem system1B1B

illustrated inFIG. illustrated in FIG.3,3, which which areare described described later, later, the heat the heat exchanger 20may exchanger 20 maybebearranged arranged on on a downstream a downstream side side of the of the condenser condenser 17 17 in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. With this 107. With this

arrangement, theseawater arrangement, the seawater flowing flowing through through the the seawater seawater flow flow 15 passage107 15 passage 107can canalso alsobebecooled cooledininthe theheat heatexchanger exchanger2020with with

use of the use of the ammonia ammoniaflowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Thus, the 103. Thus, the same same effects effects as as those those of of the the gas gas turbine turbine

system system 1 1 described described above above are are obtained. Further, as obtained. Further, as in in aa gas gas

turbine system1C1Cillustrated turbine system illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 4 or4 aorgas a turbine gas turbine

20 system1D1Dillustrated 20 system illustratedininFIG. FIG.5,5,which whichare aredescribed describedlater, later,

the heat exchanger the heat exchanger2020may may be be arranged arranged in the in the flowflow passage passage 106 106 that connects that connectsthe thesteam steam turbine turbine 16,16, the the condenser condenser 17, the 17, and and the

boiler 14. boiler 14. Also Also in in this this case, case, the the suction suction amount amount of of seawater seawater

can be reduced can be reducedasasininthe the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1 described 1 described 25 above.Thus, 25 above. Thus, the the efficiency efficiency of of the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1 can 1 can be improved. be improved.

[0037]

[0037] Now, gas Now, gas turbine turbinesystems systems according according to to

14

modificationexamples modification examples are are described described withwith reference reference to 2 to FIG. FIG. 2

to FIG. 5. to FIG. 5.

[0038]

[0038] FIG. 2 FIG. 2 is is a a schematic schematic view view for for illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1A according 1A according to a to a first first

modification example. modification example. As As illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 2, 2, the the gas gas

turbine system1A1Aaccording turbine system according to to thethe first first modification modification example example differs from differs fromthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1 described 1 described aboveabove in that in that two two heat heat exchangers exchangers 20 20 are are provided. The gas provided. The gas turbine turbine system system

1A correspondstotoananembodiment 1A corresponds embodiment that that is particularly is particularly 10 effectivemainly 10 effective mainlyinina aregion regionwhere wherea aseawater seawatertemperature temperatureisis

high, such high, such as asa alow-latitude low-latitude region. region.

[0039]

[0039] In the gas In the gas turbine turbinesystem system 1A,1A, a first a first heatheat exchanger 20aand exchanger 20a anda asecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b are provided are provided as as

the the heat heat exchangers exchangers 20. The first 20. The first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a is is

15 arrangedononananupstream 15 arranged upstreamside sideofofa acondenser condenser1717inina aseawater seawater

flow flow passage passage 107. The second 107. The second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b is is arranged arranged

on on aa downstream downstreamside sideofof the the condenser condenser 17 the 17 in in the seawater seawater flow flow passage 107. passage 107. An An ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 passes passes through through both both

of the heat of the heatexchangers exchangers 20, 20, that that is,is, the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20 20aand 20 20a andthe thesecond secondheat heatexchanger exchanger20b. 20b.

[0040]

[0040] A switching A switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 is is provided provided to to the the

ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. The switching 103. The switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1

switches switches aa path pathfor forammonia ammonia between between a plurality a plurality of paths of paths in in

which ammonia which ammoniapasses passesthrough through a different a different one one or ones or ones of the of the 25 heatexchangers 25 heat exchangers20. 20.The The switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 includes includes branching portions branching portions(specifically, (specifically, flow flow passages passages 103a 103a and 103b and 103b described later) described later)ofofthe the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103, 103, switching switching

15

valves 31 valves 31 and and3232switch switch thethe path path forfor ammonia ammonia in ammonia in the the ammonia

flow passage103, flow passage 103,temperature temperature sensors sensors 33 and 33 and 34, aand a 34, and controller 35. controller 35.

[0041]

[0041] In the example In the exampleillustrated illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 2, the 2, the ammonia ammonia

flow passage103 flow passage 103passes passes through through thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a on on aa downstream downstreamside sideofof a pump a pump 21 21 and and thenthen branches branches into into the the flow flow passage passage 103a 103a and and the the flow flow passage passage 103b. The flow 103b. The flow

passage 103a passage 103aand andthe theflow flow passage passage 103b 103b joinjoin together together on anon an upstream side upstream side of of a a flow flow rate rate control control valve valve 22. 22. The The flow flow

10 passage103b 10 passage 103bpasses passesthrough throughthe thesecond secondheat heatexchanger exchanger20b. 20b.

Meanwhile,the Meanwhile, theflow flowpassage passage 103a 103a does does not not passpass through through the the second heat exchanger second heat exchanger20b. 20b.

[0042]

[0042] The switching The switchingvalves valves3131 andand 32 32 areare on-off on-off valves. valves. Each of Each of the theswitching switching valves valves opens opens and and closes closes a flow a flow passage passage

at at its its installation installation position. The switching position. The switching valve valve 31 31 is is

provided in provided in the the flow flow passage passage 103a. 103a. When When the the switching switching valve valve

31 is in 31 is in an an open openstate, state, ammonia ammonia that that has has passed passed through through the the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger20a 20a passes passes through through the the flowflow passage passage 103a 103a and and is is sent sent to to a a combustor combustor 12. Meanwhile, when 12. Meanwhile, when the the switching switching

20 valve3131isisinina aclosed 20 valve closedstate, state,the theammonia ammoniathat thathas haspassed passed

through thefirst through the firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 20a20a cannot cannot passpass through through the the flow flow passage passage 103a. The switching 103a. The switching valve valve 32 32 is is provided provided on on an an

upstream side upstream side of of the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b in in the the flow flow

passage 103b. passage 103b. When When the the switching switching valve valve 32 32 is is in in an an open open

25 state,the 25 state, theammonia ammoniathat thathas haspassed passedthrough throughthe thefirst firstheat heat

exchanger 20apasses exchanger 20a passesthrough through thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b and and is is sent sent to to the the combustor combustor 12. Meanwhile, when 12. Meanwhile, when the the

16

switching valve3232isisinin switching valve a closed a closed state, state, the the ammonia ammonia that that has has passed through passed throughthe thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a is sent is not not sent to to

the second heat the second heatexchanger exchanger 20b. 20b.

[0043]

[0043] For example,when For example, whenthe theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-130-1 5 setsthe 5 sets theswitching switchingvalve valve3131ininananopen openstate stateand andthe the

switching valve3232inina a switching valve closed closed state, state, ammonia ammonia cansent can be be sent to to

the combustor1212through the combustor through only only thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 20a. 20a. Further, whenthe Further, when theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-130-1 setssets the switching the switching valve 31 valve 31 in ina aclosed closedstate state andand thethe switching switching valve valve 32 in32 anin an 10 openstate, 10 open state,the theammonia ammoniacan canbebesent senttotothe thecombustor combustor1212

through bothofofthe through both thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a and second and the the second

heat exchanger heat exchanger 20b. 20b. As As described described above, above, the the switching switching

mechanism 30-1 mechanism 30-1 switches switches a a path path for for ammonia ammonia between between a a path path in in

which ammonia which ammoniapasses passesthrough through only only the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger

20a and 20a and aa path pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through both both of the of the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger20a 20a andand thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b. 20b.

[0044]

[0044] There has There has been beendescribed describedan an example example in which in which the the switching switching valves valves 31 31 and and 32 32 are are on-off on-off valves. However, aa valves. However, switching valveprovided switching valve providedin in thethe switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 is is

not required not required to to be be an an on-off on-off valve. valve. For For example, example, aa switching switching

valve, which valve, whichisisa athree-way three-way valve, valve, may may be provided be provided at a at a connecting portionbetween connecting portion between an an upstream upstream end end of flow of the the flow

passage 103a passage 103aand andananupstream upstream endend of the of the flowflow passage passage 103b.103b. When the When the switching switchingvalve valve described described above above switches switches the path the path

for ammonia in for ammonia inthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 between between a path a path in in

which ammonia which ammoniapasses passesthrough through thethe flow flow passage passage 103a 103a and aand a path path in which ammonia in which ammoniapasses passes through through thethe flowflow passage passage 103b,103b, the the

17

heat exchangers heat exchangers2020through through which which ammonia ammonia passes passes can be can be switched, switched, as as in in the the example example described described above. Further, the above. Further, the

number of branching number of branchingportions portions from from the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 and aa position 103 and positionatatwhich which thethe branching branching portions portions are are 5 connectedininthe 5 connected theswitching switchingmechanism mechanism30-1 30-1are arenot notlimited limitedtoto

any any particular particular number number and and position. That is, position. That is, the the way way in in

which the which the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 branches branches into into flow flow

passages in passages inthe theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-130-1 is limited is not not limited to to

any any particular particular way. The switching way. The switching valves valves 31 31 and and 32 32 may may be be

10 flowrate 10 flow ratecontrol controlvalves, valves,each eachhaving havinga afunction functiontotoadjust adjusta a

flow flow rate. In this rate. In this case, case, aa flow flow rate rate of of ammonia ammonia to to be be sent sent

to each of to each of the theheat heatexchangers exchangers 20,20, that that is, is, the the firstfirst heat heat exchanger 20aand exchanger 20a andthe thesecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b,20b, canmore can be be more

finely adjusted. finely adjusted.

[0045]

[0045] The temperature The temperaturesensor sensor33 33 detects detects a temperature a temperature of the ammonia of the ammoniathat thathas has passed passed through through the the first first heat heat exchanger 20a exchanger 20aand andoutputs outputs a result a result of detection of detection to the to the controller controller 35. The temperature 35. The temperature sensor sensor 33 33 is is provided, provided, for for

example, example, between between the the connecting connecting portion portion between between the the upstream upstream

end of end of the the flow flowpassage passage 103a 103a andand thethe upstream upstream endthe end of of flow the flow

passage 103b passage 103band andthe thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a.20a.

[0046]

[0046] The temperature The temperaturesensor sensor34 34 detects detects a temperature a temperature of seawaterdischarged of seawater discharged into into thethe seasea and and outputs outputs a result a result of of

detection to detection to the the controller controller 35. 35. The The temperature temperature sensor sensor 34 34 is is

25 provided,for 25 provided, forexample, example,onona adownstream downstreamside sideofofthe thesecond second

heat exchanger heat exchanger20b 20binin the the seawater seawater flowflow passage passage 107. 107.

[0047]

[0047] The controller The controller3535includes, includes, forfor example, example, a a

18

central processingunit central processing unit (CPU), (CPU), a ROM a ROM stores, stores, for example, for example, a a

program, and program, and a a RAM RAM serves serves as as a a work work area. area. In In the the gas gas turbine turbine

system 1A, the system 1A, thecontroller controller35 35 controls controls operation operation of the of the switching switching valves valves 31 31 and and 32. Through the 32. Through the control control described described

above, the above, the controller controller3535 cancan switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia between the between thepath pathininwhich which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through only only the the first heat exchanger first heat exchanger20a 20a andand thethe path path in which in which ammonia ammonia passes passes through bothofofthe through both thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a and second and the the second

heat exchanger heat exchanger20b. 20b.

[0048]

[0048] For example,the For example, thecontroller controller 35 35 maymay switch switch the the path for path for ammonia ammoniabased based on on a state a state of the of the ammonia ammonia in the in the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. In the 103. In the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG.

2, the controller 2, the controller3535switches switches thethe path path for for ammonia ammonia basedbased on, on, for example,the for example, thetemperature temperatureof of thethe ammonia ammonia thatthat has passed has passed

through the first through the firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 20a. 20a.

[0049]

[0049] For example,when For example, whenthe thetemperature temperature of the of the ammonia ammonia that has passed that has passedthrough through the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20aequal 20a is is equal

to or lower to or lowerthan thana atarget target temperature, temperature, the the controller controller 35 35

controls theswitching controls the switching valve valve 31 31 andand 32 that 32 SO so that the ammonia the ammonia 20 passesthrough 20 passes throughthe theflow flowpassage passage103b 103btotothereby therebycause causethe the

ammonia to pass ammonia to passthrough through both both of of thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a and the and the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b. 20b. Meanwhile, Meanwhile, when when the the

temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia that that hashas passed passed through through the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger20a 20aisis higher higher than than the the target target temperature, temperature, the the 25 controller3535controls 25 controller controlsthe theswitching switchingvalves valves3131and and3232SOsothat that

the ammoniapasses the ammonia passesthrough through thethe flow flow passage passage 103a103a to thereby to thereby cause the ammonia cause the ammoniatotopass pass through through only only the the first first heat heat

19

exchanger 20a. exchanger 20a.

[0050]

[0050] The target The target temperature temperatureis is a target a target to which to which ammonia ammonia is is to to reach reach through through heating heating with with seawater. For seawater. For example, thetarget example, the targettemperature temperature is is set set as high as high as possible as possible

without causing without causingvaporization vaporization of of ammonia. ammonia.

[0051]

[0051] When the When the path pathfor forammonia ammonia is is switched switched as as described above,a aquantity described above, quantity of of heat heat thatthat the the seawater seawater passing passing through theheat through the heatexchangers exchangers 20 20 recovers recovers fromfrom the seawater the seawater can can be increased be increasedasasmuch muchasas possible possible while while the the vaporization vaporization of of

the ammoniais the ammonia issuppressed. suppressed.

[0052]

[0052] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in which the which the switching switchingmechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 switches switches the path the path for for ammonia basedononthe ammonia based thetemperature temperature of of the the ammonia ammonia that that has has passed through passed through the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a. 20a. However, However, the the

switching mechanism30-1 switching mechanism 30-1 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia based on based on a a parameter parameter other other than than the the above-mentioned above-mentioned

temperature asa aparameter temperature as parameter indicating indicating a state a state of ammonia of the the ammonia

in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. For example, 103. For example, aa flow flow rate rate of of

the ammoniain the ammonia inthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 may may be used be used as a as a

parameter indicating parameter indicating a a state state of of ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow

passage 103. passage 103. For For example, example, aa pressure pressure of of the the ammonia ammonia in in the the

ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 maymay be be used used as aasparameter a parameter

indicating indicating aastate stateofofammonia ammonia in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103.

[0053]

[0053] Further, thecontroller Further, the controller35 35 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia based for ammonia basedon, on,for for example, example, a state a state of seawater of seawater in the in the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. In the 107. In the example example illustrated illustrated in in

20

FIG. 2, the FIG. 2, thecontroller controller35 35 switches switches the the pathpath for for ammonia ammonia based based on, for example, on, for example,the thetemperature temperature of of the the seawater seawater discharged discharged into the sea. into the sea.

[0054]

[0054] For example,when For example, whenthe thetemperature temperature of the of the seawater seawater

discharged into discharged intothe thesea sea is is equal equal to lower to or or lower than than a reference a reference temperature, thecontroller temperature, the controller35 35 controls controls the the switching switching valves valves 31 and 32 31 and 32 SO sothat thatammonia ammonia passes passes through through the the flowflow passage passage 103a to thereby 103a to therebycause causethe the ammonia ammonia to pass to pass through through only only the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a. Meanwhile, when 20a. Meanwhile, when the the temperature temperature of of

10 theseawater 10 the seawaterdischarged dischargedinto intothe thesea seaisishigher higherthan thanthe the

reference temperature, reference temperature, the the controller controller 35 controls 35 controls the the switching valves3131and switching valves and 32 32 SO so that that ammonia ammonia flows flows through through the the flow passage103b flow passage 103btotothereby thereby cause cause the the ammonia ammonia to pass to pass through bothofofthe through both thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a and second and the the second

15 heatexchanger 15 heat exchanger20b. 20b.

[0055]

[0055] The reference The referencetemperature temperatureis is an an index index for for determiningwhether determining whetheroror not not thethe temperature temperature of seawater of the the seawater

discharged intothe discharged into thesea sea is is excessively excessively highhigh (for(for example, example, whether or whether or not notthe thetemperature temperature of of the the seawater seawater is such is such high high

that an ecosystem that an ecosystemisisadversely adversely affected). affected) . WhenWhen the the temperature ofthe temperature of theseawater seawater discharged discharged intointo the the seaequal sea is is equal

to or lower to or lower than thanthe thereference reference temperature, temperature, itdetermined it is is determined

that the temperature that the temperatureofof the the seawater seawater discharged discharged into into the sea the sea is is not not excessively excessively high. Meanwhile, when high. Meanwhile, when the the temperature temperature of of

25 theseawater 25 the seawaterdischarged dischargedinto intothe thesea seaisishigher higherthan thanthe the

reference temperature, reference temperature, itit is is determined determined thatthat the temperature the temperature of the seawater of the seawaterdischarged discharged into into thethe sea sea is excessively is excessively high.high.

21

[0056]

[0056] The switching The switchingofofthe thepath path forfor ammonia ammonia as as described above described above can can suppress suppress excessive excessive cooling cooling and and

solidification solidification ofofthe theseawater seawater in in thethe seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107 while suppressing 107 while suppressinganan excessive excessive increase increase in temperature in temperature of of

the seawaterdischarged the seawater discharged into into thethe sea. sea.

[0057]

[0057] There has There has been beendescribed describedan an example example in which in which the the switching mechanism30-1 switching mechanism 30-1 switches switches thethe pathpath for for ammonia ammonia basedbased on the temperature on the temperatureofofthe the seawater seawater discharged discharged into into the sea. the sea. However, the However, theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 may may switch switch the path the path for for

ammonia basedonona aparameter ammonia based parameter other other than than the the above-mentioned above-mentioned temperature asa aparameter temperature as parameter indicating indicating a state a state of seawater of the the seawater

in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. For example, 107. For example, aa flow flow rate rate

of the seawater of the seawaterininthe the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107 be 107 may mayused be used

as as aa parameter parameterindicating indicating a state a state of the of the seawater seawater in the in the

seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. For example, 107. For example, aa pressure pressure of of the the

seawater in the seawater in theseawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107 107 may may be used be used as a as a parameter indicating parameter indicatinga a state state of of thethe seawater seawater in seawater in the the seawater

flow passage107. flow passage 107.

[0058]

[0058] As described As describedabove, above,inin thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1A, 1A, 20 theheat 20 the heatexchangers exchangers2020include includethe thefirst firstheat heatexchanger exchanger20a 20a

and and the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b. The first 20b. The first heat heat exchanger exchanger

20a is arranged 20a is arrangedononthe the upstream upstream side side of the of the condenser condenser 17 in17 in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. The second 107. The second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b

is arranged on is arranged onthe thedownstream downstream side side of the of the condenser condenser 17 in17the in the

25 seawaterflow 25 seawater flowpassage passage107. 107.The The switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 that that switches thepath switches the pathfor forammonia ammonia between between a plurality a plurality of paths of paths in in which ammonia which ammoniapasses passesthrough through a different a different one one or ones or ones of the of the

22

heat exchangers heat exchangers2020isis provided provided to to the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. As aa result, 103. As result, the the number number or or the the kind kind of of heat heat exchangers exchangers

20 through which 20 through whichammonia ammonia passes passes cancan be changed be changed in ammonia in the the ammonia

flow flow passage passage 103. In the 103. In the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 2, 2, the the

number of number of heat heatexchangers exchangers20 20 through through which which ammonia ammonia passes passes can can be changed. be changed. Thus, Thus, not not only only the the above-mentioned above-mentioned effects effects of of

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system 1 are 1 are obtained, obtained, but but alsoalso a degree a degree of of

increase in temperature increase in temperatureof of ammonia ammonia and and a degree a degree of decrease of decrease in temperatureofofseawater, in temperature seawater, which which areare caused caused through through heat heat 10 exchangebetween 10 exchange betweenseawater seawaterand andammonia, ammonia,can canbebeadjusted. adjusted.

Hence, efficiency Hence, efficiencyofofthe the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1A be 1A can can be

improved whilethe improved while thetemperature temperature of of thethe seawater seawater is is appropriatelyadjusted. appropriately adjusted.

[0059]

[0059] In particular,ititisispreferred In particular, preferred that that the the switching switching 15 mechanism30-1 15 mechanism 30-1switch switchthe thepath pathfor forammonia ammoniabased basedonona astate state

of ammonia in of ammonia inthe theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 as described as described above. As aa result, above. As result, aa degree degree of of increase increase in in temperature temperature of of

ammonia, which ammonia, whichisiscaused caused by by heat heat exchange exchange withwith the seawater, the seawater, can be appropriately can be appropriatelyadjusted adjusted based based on aonstate a state of ammonia of ammonia in in

20 theammonia 20 the ammoniaflow flowpassage passage103. 103.Hence, Hence, a maximum a maximum increase increase in in quantity ofheat quantity of heatthat thatthe the ammonia ammonia passing passing through through the heat the heat exchangers 20 exchangers 20recovers recovers from from thethe seawater seawater can can be appropriately be appropriately achieved whilethe achieved while thevaporization vaporization of of seawater seawater is suppressed. is suppressed.

[0060]

[0060] In particular,ititisispreferred In particular, preferred that that the the switching switching 25 mechanism30-1 25 mechanism 30-1switch switchthe thepath pathfor forammonia ammoniabased basedonona astate state

of the seawater of the seawaterininthe the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107described 107 as as described above. As above. As aa result, result, the the degree degree of of decrease decrease in in temperature temperature of of

23

seawater throughheat seawater through heatexchange exchange with with ammonia ammonia can can be be appropriately adjusted appropriately adjusted based based on on a state a state of the of the seawater seawater in in

the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. Thus, for 107. Thus, for example, example, the the

suppression ofexcessive suppression of excessive cooling cooling andand solidification solidification of the of the

seawater inthe seawater in theseawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107 107 is appropriately is appropriately achieved while achieved whileananexcessive excessive increase increase in temperature in temperature of the of the seawater dischargedinto seawater discharged into thethe seasea is is suppressed. suppressed.

[0061]

[0061] The switching The switchingmechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia based for ammonia basedononone one of of a state a state of the of the ammonia ammonia in the in the 10 ammoniaflow 10 ammonia flowpassage passage103 103and anda astate stateofofthe theseawater seawaterininthe the

seawater flow seawater flow passage passage 107. 107. The The switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 may may

switch the path switch the pathfor forammonia ammonia based based on both on both of aof a state state of the of the ammonia in the ammonia in theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 and and a state a state of the of the seawater seawater in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. That is, 107. That is, the the

switching mechanism30-1 switching mechanism 30-1 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia based on based on at atleast leastone one ofof a state a state of the of the ammonia ammonia in the in the ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 or or a state a state of the of the seawater seawater in the in the seawater flowpassage seawater flow passage107. 107.

[0062]

[0062] FIG. FIG. 33 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1B according 1B according to a to a second second modification modification example. As illustrated example. As illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, as as in in

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system1A1A described described above, above, a first a first heat heat exchanger 20a exchanger 20aand anda asecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b are provided are provided as as

heat exchangers heat exchangers2020inin the the gasgas turbine turbine system system 1B according 1B according to to

25 thesecond 25 the secondmodification modificationexample. example.However, However, the the gas gas turbine turbine system 1B according system 1B accordingtoto the the second second modification modification example example differs from differs fromthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1A described 1A described aboveabove in in

24

that that aa switching switchingmechanism mechanism 30-2, 30-2, which which is different is different from from the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1, 30-1, is is provided. The gas provided. The gas turbine turbine

system 1B corresponds system 1B correspondstoto an an embodiment embodiment thatthat is particularly is particularly effective mainlyinina aregion effective mainly region where where a seawater a seawater temperature temperature is is

low, such as low, such asa ahigh-latitude high-latitude region. region.

[0063]

[0063] Similarly tothe Similarly to theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-130-1 described above, described above,the theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-230-2 switches switches a path a path for ammonia among for ammonia amonga aplurality plurality of of paths paths in which in which ammonia ammonia passes through passes througha adifferent different oneone or or ones ones of the of the heat heat exchangers exchangers

20. In the 20. In the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-2, 30-2, the the number number of of positions positions

at which the at which theammonia ammoniaflow flow passage passage 103 103 branches branches into into flow flow passages is passages is different different from from that that in in the the switching switching mechanism mechanism

30-1 30-1 described described above. Further, the above. Further, the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-2 30-2

includes switchingvalves includes switching valves 36 36 andand 37 37 in place in place of switching of the the switching

15 valves3131and 15 valves and3232ofofthe theswitching switchingmechanism mechanism30-1 30-1described described

above. Further, the above. Further, the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-2 30-2 includes includes aa

temperature sensor3838inin temperature sensor place place of of thethe temperature temperature sensor sensor 33 33

of of the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 described described above. Similarly above. Similarly to the switching to the switchingmechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1 described described above, above, the the

switching mechanism30-2 switching mechanism 30-2 includes includes a temperature a temperature sensor sensor 34 and 34 and a controller35. a controller 35.

[0064]

[0064] In the example In the exampleillustrated illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 3, the 3, the ammonia ammonia flow passage103 flow passage 103branches branches into into a flow a flow passage passage 103c 103c and aand a flow flow passage 103d passage 103d on on a a downstream downstream side side of of a a pump pump 21. 21. The The flow flow

25 passage103c 25 passage 103cand andthe theflow flowpassage passage103d 103djoin jointogether togetherononanan

upstream upstream side side of of a a flow flow rate rate control control valve valve 22. The flow 22. The flow passage 103c passage 103cpasses passesthrough through thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 20a. 20a.

25

Meanwhile, the Meanwhile, the flow flow passage passage 103d 103d passes passes through through the the second second

heat exchanger heat exchanger20b. 20b.

[0065]

[0065] The switching The switchingvalves valves3636 andand 37 37 areare on-off on-off valves. valves. Each of Each of the theswitching switching valves valves opens opens and and closes closes a flow a flow passage passage

5 atatits itsinstallation installationposition. position.The The switching switching valve valve 36 36 is is provided on provided onananupstream upstream side side of of thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a in in the the flow flow passage passage 103c. When the 103c. When the switching switching valve valve 36 36 is is in in

an open state, an open state,ammonia ammonia supplied supplied from from an ammonia an ammonia tank tank 13 13

passes through passes throughthe thefirst first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a andsent and is is sent to a to a

combustor combustor 12. Meanwhile, when 12. Meanwhile, when the the switching switching valve valve 36 36 is is in in aa

closed state,the closed state, theammonia ammonia supplied supplied from from the the ammonia ammonia tank tank 13 13

is is not not sent sent to to the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a. The switching 20a. The switching

valve 37 valve 37 is isprovided providedonon an an upstream upstream sideside of second of the the second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b in in the the flow flow passage passage 103d. When the 103d. When the switching switching

valve 37 is valve 37 isin inananopen open state, state, thethe ammonia ammonia supplied supplied from from the the ammonia tank1313passes ammonia tank passes through through thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b and and is is sent sent to to the the combustor combustor 12. Meanwhile, when 12. Meanwhile, when the the

switching switching valve valve 37 37 is is in in a a closed closed state, state, the ammonia the ammonia supplied fromthe supplied from theammonia ammonia tank tank 13 13 is is not not sentsent to second to the the second

heat exchanger heat exchanger20b. 20b.

[0066]

[0066] For example,when For example, whenthe theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-230-2 sets the switching sets the switchingvalve valve 36 36 in in a closed a closed state state and the and the switching valve3737ininanan switching valve open open state, state, the the ammonia ammonia cansent can be be sent

to the combustor to the combustor1212through through only only thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 25 20b.Further, 25 20b. Further, when when the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-2 30-2 sets sets both both of of the switchingvalve the switching valve3636 and and thethe switching switching valve valve 37 in37aninopen an open state, the ammonia state, the ammoniacan can bebe sent sent to to thethe combustor combustor 12 through 12 through

26

both of both of the thefirst firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 20a20a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b. As described 20b. As described above, above, the the switching switching mechanism mechanism

30-2 switchesthe 30-2 switches thepath path for for ammonia ammonia between between a path a path in which in which ammonia passesthrough ammonia passes through only only thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b and 20b and

5 a apath pathininwhich whichammonia ammoniapasses passesthrough throughboth bothofofthe thefirst firstheat heat

exchanger 20aand exchanger 20a andthe thesecond second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b.20b.

[0067]

[0067] There has been There has beendescribed describedan an example example in which in which the the switching switching valves valves 36 36 and and 37 37 are are on-off on-off valves. However, valves. However, similarly tothe similarly to theswitching switching valves valves 31 and 31 and 32 described 32 described above, above, 10 theswitching 10 the switchingvalves valves3636and and3737are arenot notrequired requiredtotobebeon-off on-off

valves. For example, valves. For example, one one or or each each of of the the switching switching valves valves 36 36

and 37 may and 37 may be bereplaced replacedby by a switching a switching valve, valve, which which is a is a three-way three-way valve. Further, as valve. Further, as in in the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1 30-1

described above, described above,the thenumber number of of branching branching portions portions from from the the 15 ammoniaflow 15 ammonia flowpassage passage103 103and anda aposition positionatatwhich whichthe the

branching portions branching portions are are connected connected are are not not limited limited to to any any

particularnumber particular numberand and position position in in the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30- 30- 2. That is, 2. That is, the the way way in in which which the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103

branches into branches intoflow flowpassages passages in in thethe switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-2 30-2

is is not not limited limited to to any any particular particular way. The switching way. The switching valves valves

36 and 37 36 and 37 may maybebeflow flowrate rate control control valves, valves, eacheach having having a a

function function to to adjust adjust a a flow flow rate. In this rate. In this case, case, aa flow flow rate rate of of

ammonia to be ammonia to besent senttotoeach each of of thethe heat heat exchangers exchangers 20, that 20, that is, the first is, the firstheat heatexchanger exchanger 20a20a andand the the second second heat heat 25 exchanger20b, 25 exchanger 20b,can canbebemore morefinely finelyadjusted. adjusted.

[0068]

[0068] The temperaturesensor The temperature sensor38 38 detects detects a temperature a temperature of the ammonia of the ammoniathat thathas has passed passed through through the the second second heat heat

27

exchanger 20b exchanger 20band andoutputs outputs a result a result of detection of detection to the to the controller controller 35. The temperature 35. The temperature sensor sensor 38 38 is is provided, provided, for for

example, ona adownstream example, on downstream side side of of thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b in the 20b in the flow flowpassage passage 103d. 103d.

[0069]

[0069] In the gas In the gas turbine turbinesystem system 1B,1B, thethe controller controller 35 35 controls operationsofof controls operations the the switching switching valves valves 36 37. 36 and and 37.

Through the Through thecontrol controldescribed described above, above, the the controller controller 35 can 35 can switch the path switch the pathfor forammonia ammonia between between the the pathpath in which in which ammonia ammonia passes through passes throughonly onlythe the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b the 20b and and the

path in path in which whichammonia ammonia passes passes through through bothboth of first of the the first heat heat exchanger 20a exchanger 20aand andthe the second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b.20b.

[0070]

[0070] As in As in the the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 2, 2, the the

controller 35may controller 35 mayswitch switch thethe path path forfor ammonia ammonia based based on, for on, for example, aa state example, stateofofammonia ammonia in in thethe ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103. 103.

15 InInthe theexample exampleillustrated illustratedininFIG. FIG.3,3,the thecontroller controller3535

switches thepath switches the pathfor forammonia ammonia based based on, on, for for example, example, a a

temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia that that hashas passed passed through through the second the second heat exchanger heat exchanger20b. 20b.

[0071]

[0071] For example,when For example, whenthe thetemperature temperature of the of the ammonia ammonia 20 thathas 20 that haspassed passedthrough throughthe thesecond secondheat heatexchanger exchanger20b 20bisis

higher than higher thana atarget targettemperature, temperature, the the controller controller 35 controls 35 controls the switchingvalves the switching valves3636 and and 37 37 SO so that that the the ammonia ammonia passes passes through onlythe through only theflow flowpassage passage 103d 103d of the of the flowflow passages passages 103c 103c and 103d to and 103d tocause causethe theammonia ammonia to to pass pass through through only only the second the second 25 heatexchanger 25 heat exchanger20b. 20b.Meanwhile, Meanwhile, when when the the temperature temperature of of thethe ammonia thathas ammonia that haspassed passed through through thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b is equal to is equal to or orlower lowerthan than thethe target target temperature, temperature, the the

28

controller 35controls controller 35 controls the the switching switching vales vales 36 37 36 and andSO37that so that

the ammoniapasses the ammonia passesthrough through both both of of the the flowflow passage passage 103c 103c and and the flow passage the flow passage103d 103dtoto cause cause thethe ammonia ammonia to pass to pass through through both of both of the thefirst firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a and and the the second second heat heat

exchanger 20b. exchanger 20b.

[0072]

[0072] When the When the path pathfor forammonia ammonia is is switched switched as as described above,a aquantity described above, quantity of of heat heat thatthat the the ammonia ammonia passing passing through theheat through the heatexchangers exchangers 20 20 recovers recovers fromfrom seawater seawater can be can be increased asmuch increased as muchasaspossible possible while while the the vaporization vaporization of of

ammonia is suppressed. ammonia is suppressed.

[0073]

[0073] Similarly tothe Similarly to theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1, 30-1, the the switching mechanism30-2 switching mechanism 30-2 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia based on based on a a parameter parameter other other than than the the above-mentioned above-mentioned

15 ininthe theammonia ammoniaflow flowpassage passage103. 103.

[0074]

[0074] Further, forexample, Further, for example,asas in in thethe example example illustrated inFIG. illustrated in FIG.2,2, the the controller controller 35 may 35 may switch switch the path the path for ammonia based for ammonia basedonona astate state of of seawater seawater in ainseawater a seawater flow flow passage 107. passage 107. In In the the example example illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 3, 3, the the

20 controller3535switches 20 controller switchesthe thepath pathfor forammonia ammoniabased basedon, on,for for

example, example, aa temperature temperatureof of seawater seawater discharged discharged into into the sea. the sea.

[0075]

[0075] For example,when For example, whenthe thetemperature temperature of the of the seawater seawater dischargedinto discharged intothe thesea sea is is equal equal to lower to or or lower than than a reference a reference temperature, thecontroller temperature, the controller35 35 controls controls the the switching switching valves valves

36 and 37 36 and 37 SO sothat thatthe theammonia ammonia passes passes through through onlyonly the flow the flow passage 103d passage 103dofofthe theflow flow passages passages 103c 103c and and 103d103d to cause to cause the the ammonia to pass ammonia to passthrough through only only thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b. 20b.

29

Meanwhile, when Meanwhile, when the the temperature temperature of of the the seawater seawater discharged discharged

into the sea into the seais ishigher higherthan than thethe reference reference temperature, temperature, the the controller 35controls controller 35 controls the the switching switching valves valves 36 37 36 and andSO37that so that

the ammoniapasses the ammonia passesthrough through both both of of the the flowflow passage passage 103c 103c and and

the flow passage the flow passage103d 103dtoto cause cause thethe ammonia ammonia to pass to pass through through both of both of the thefirst firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 20a20a and and the the second second heat heat exchanger 20b. exchanger 20b.

[0076]

[0076] When the When the path pathfor forammonia ammonia is is switched switched as as described above, described above,excessive excessive cooling cooling and and solidification solidification of the of the 10 seawaterininthe 10 seawater theseawater seawaterflow flowpassage passage107 107can canbebesuppressed suppressed

while an while an excessive excessiveincrease increase in in temperature temperature of seawater of the the seawater

discharged intothe discharged into thesea sea is is suppressed. suppressed.

[0077]

[0077] Similarly tothe Similarly to theswitching switching mechanism mechanism 30-1, 30-1, the the switching mechanism30-2 switching mechanism 30-2 maymay switch switch the the pathpath for ammonia for ammonia 15 basedonona aparameter 15 based parameterother otherthan thanthe theabove-mentioned above-mentioned

temperature asa aparameter temperature as parameter indicating indicating a state a state of seawater of the the seawater

in the seawater in the seawaterflow flowpassage passage 107. 107.

[0078]

[0078] There has There has been beendescribed describedan an example example in which in which the the switching mechanism30-2 switching mechanism 30-2 switches switches thethe pathpath for for ammonia ammonia 20 betweenthe 20 between thepath pathininwhich whichammonia ammoniapasses passesthrough throughonly onlythe the

second heat exchanger second heat exchanger20b 20b andand thethe path path in which in which ammonia ammonia passes through passes throughboth bothofof the the first first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a the 20a and and the

second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b. However, the 20b. However, the switching switching mechanism mechanism

30-2 may switch 30-2 may switchthe thepath path forfor ammonia ammonia so that SO that ammonia ammonia passes passes

25 throughonly 25 through onlythe thefirst firstheat heatexchanger exchanger20a. 20a.For For example, example, a a degree of increase degree of increaseinintemperature temperature of ammonia of ammonia maydifferent may be be different between the between thefirst firstheat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a and and the the second second heat heat

30

exchanger 20b. exchanger 20b. In In this this case, case, the the switching switching mechanism mechanism 30-2 30-2

switches thepath switches the pathfor forammonia ammonia between between the the pathpath in which in which ammonia passesthrough ammonia passes through only only thethe first first heatheat exchanger exchanger 20a and 20a and the path in the path inwhich whichammonia ammonia passes passes through through onlyonly the second the second heat heat 5 exchanger20b 5 exchanger 20bbased basedon, on,for forexample, example,the theflow flowrate rateofofthe the

ammonia ammonia in in the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. As aa result, 103. As result, aa

quantity ofheat quantity of heatthat thatthe the ammonia ammonia passing passing through through the heat the heat exchangers 20recovers exchangers 20 recovers from from thethe seawater seawater can can be increased be increased as as

much as much as possible possiblewhile while thethe vaporization vaporization of ammonia of ammonia is is

suppressed. suppressed.

[0079]

[0079] As described As describedabove, above,similarly similarly to to the the gas gas turbine turbine system 1A described system 1A describedabove, above, thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1B includes 1B includes the first heat the first heatexchanger exchanger20a20a andand thethe second second heatheat exchanger exchanger 20b. The first 20b. The first heat heat exchanger exchanger 20a 20a is is arranged arranged on on the the

15 upstreamside 15 upstream sideofofthe thecondenser condenser1717ininthe theseawater seawaterflow flow

passage 107. passage 107. The The second second heat heat exchanger exchanger 20b 20b is is arranged arranged on on

the downstreamside the downstream sideofof the the condenser condenser 17 the 17 in in the seawater seawater flow flow passage 107. passage 107. Further, Further, the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 is is

provided provided with the switching with the switching mechanism mechanism 30-2. 30-2. The The switching switching

mechanism 30-2 mechanism 30-2 switches switches the the path path for for ammonia ammonia among among the the

plurality of plurality ofpaths pathsinin which which ammonia ammonia passes passes through through a a

different one different one or or ones ones of of the the heat heat exchangers exchangers 20. 20. Thus, Thus, the the

same effectsasasthose same effects thoseofof thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1A described 1A described above are obtained. above are obtained.

[0080]

[0080] There has There has been beendescribed described above above with with reference reference to to FIG. FIG. 22 and and FIG. FIG.3 3ananexample example in in which which two two heatheat exchangers exchangers 20 20 are are provided provided in in the the seawater seawater flow flow passage passage 107. However, 107. However,

31

three or more three or moreheat heatexchangers exchangers 20 20 maymay be provided be provided in the in the seawater flowpassage seawater flow passage107. 107.

[0081]

[0081] FIG. FIG. 44 is is aa schematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1C according 1C according to a to a third third

modification example. modification example. As As illustrated illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 4, 4, the the gas gas

turbine system1C1Caccording turbine system according to to thethe third third modification modification example example differs from differs fromthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1 described 1 described aboveabove in that in that a heat exchanger a heat exchanger2020isis arranged arranged in in a flow a flow passage passage 106 that 106 that connects connects aa steam steamturbine turbine 16,16, a condenser a condenser 17, 17, and and a a boiler boiler 14. 14. 10 [0082] 10 [0082] In the example In the exampleillustrated illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 4, the 4, the heatheat exchanger 20isisarranged exchanger 20 arranged between between thethe steam steam turbine turbine 16 the 16 and and the

condenser condenser 17 17 in in the the flow flow passage passage 106. An ammonia 106. An ammonia flow flow

passage 103 passage 103 passes passes through through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20. 20. In In the the

heat exchanger heat exchanger 20, 20, steam steam that that is is discharged discharged from from the the steam steam

turbine 16 and turbine 16 andflows flowsthrough through thethe flow flow passage passage 106 ammonia 106 and and ammonia

flowing throughthe flowing through theammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 exchange exchange heat.heat. A temperature A temperatureofofthe thesteam steam flowing flowing through through the the flow flow passage passage 106 is higher 106 is higherthan thana atemperature temperature of of the the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103. Thus, the 103. Thus, the steam steam

flowing throughthe flowing through theflow flow passage passage 106106 is cooled is cooled with with the the ammonia flowingthrough ammonia flowing through the the ammonia ammonia flowflow passage passage 103the 103 in in the

heat exchanger heat exchanger 20. 20. Meanwhile, Meanwhile, the the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through

the ammoniaflow the ammonia flowpassage passage 103103 is is heated heated withwith the the steamsteam flowing flowing through the flow through the flowpassage passage 106. 106.

[0083]

[0083] As described As describedabove, above,inin thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1C, 1C, the heat exchanger the heat exchanger2020isis arranged arranged on upstream on an an upstream side side of the of the condenser 17ininthe condenser 17 theflow flow passage passage 106106 thatthat connects connects the steam the steam

32

turbine turbine 16, 16, the the condenser condenser 17, 17, and and the the boiler boiler 14. The ammonia 14. The ammonia

flow passage103 flow passage 103that thatconnects connects an an ammonia ammonia tanktank 13 aand a 13 and combustor 12totoeach combustor 12 eachother other passes passes through through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20. Thus, steam 20. Thus, steam sent sent to to the the condenser condenser 17 17 can can be be cooled cooled with with

use of the use of the ammonia ammoniaflowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 in in the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20. Hence, aa quantity 20. Hence, quantity of of heat heat that that

is required to is required tobeberecovered recovered from from steam steam withwith the the seawater seawater in in

the condenser1717can the condenser canbebe reduced, reduced, andand thusthus a suction a suction amount amount of of

seawater seawater can can be be reduced. Accordingly, power reduced. Accordingly, power of of aa pump pump 19 19 can can

10 bebereduced, reduced,and andthus thusefficiency efficiencyofofthe thegas gasturbine turbinesystem system1C1C

can be improved. can be improved.

[0084]

[0084] Further, ammoniacan Further, ammonia canbebe heated heated with with use use of steam of steam having aa higher having highertemperature temperature than than a temperature a temperature of seawater of seawater in in

the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1C. Hence, ammonia 1C. Hence, ammonia can can be be more more

15 effectivelyheated 15 effectively heatedthan thaninina acase caseininwhich whichammonia ammoniaisisheated heated

with use with use of of seawater. seawater. Also Also in in this this regard, regard, the the efficiency efficiency of of

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system 1 can 1 can be be improved. improved.

[0085]

[0085] FIG. FIG. 55 is is aaschematic schematicview view forfor illustrating illustrating a a

configuration configuration ofofa agas gas turbine turbine system system 1D according 1D according to a to a

fourth fourth modification modification example. As illustrated example. As illustrated in in FIG. FIG. 5, 5, as as in in

the gas turbine the gas turbinesystem system1C1C described described above, above, a heat a heat exchanger exchanger 20 is arranged 20 is arrangedinina aflow flow passage passage 106106 thatthat connects connects a steam a steam turbine 16, aacondenser turbine 16, condenser 17, 17, andand a boiler a boiler 14 the 14 in in gas the gas

turbine system1D1Daccording turbine system according to to thethe fourth fourth modification modification 25 example.However, 25 example. However, the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1D 1D according according to to the the fourth modificationexample fourth modification example differs differs fromfrom the the above-mentioned above-mentioned gas turbinesystem gas turbine system1C1Cinin that that thethe heat heat exchanger exchanger 20 is20 is

33

arranged ona adownstream arranged on downstream side side of of thethe condenser condenser 17 in17the in flow the flow

passage 106 passage 106that thatconnects connects thethe steam steam turbine turbine 16, condenser 16, the the condenser

17, and the 17, and the boiler boiler14. 14.

[0086]

[0086] In the example In the exampleillustrated illustratedin in FIG. FIG. 5, the 5, the heatheat 5 exchanger2020isisarranged 5 exchanger arrangedbetween betweenthe thecondenser condenser1717and anda apump pump

18 18 in in the the flow flow passage passage 106. An ammonia 106. An ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103

passes through passes through the the heat heat exchanger exchanger 20. 20. In In the the heat heat exchanger exchanger

20, water that 20, water thatisisgenerated generated in in thethe condenser condenser 17 flows 17 and and flows

through theflow through the flowpassage passage 106106 andand ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the

ammonia ammonia flow flow passage passage 103 103 exchange exchange heat. heat. AA temperature temperature of of the the

water flowing water flowingthrough through the the flow flow passage passage 106 106 is higher is higher than than a a

temperature ofthe temperature of theammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow passage 103. passage 103. Thus, Thus, the the water water flowing flowing through through the the flow flow

passage 106 passage 106isiscooled cooled with with thethe ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the

ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 in in thethe heat heat exchanger exchanger 20. 20. Meanwhile, the Meanwhile, the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow

passage 103 passage 103 is is heated heated with with the the water water flowing flowing through through the the flow flow

passage 106. passage 106.

[0087]

[0087] As described As describedabove, above,inin thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1D, 1D, 20 theheat 20 the heatexchanger exchanger2020isisarranged arrangedononthe thedownstream downstreamside sideofof

the condenser1717ininthe the condenser the flow flow passage passage 106 106 thatthat connects connects the the steam steam turbine turbine 16, 16, the the condenser condenser 17, 17, and and the the boiler boiler 14. The 14. The ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103 103 that that connects connects an ammonia an ammonia tank tank 13 and 13 and a condenser12 a condenser 12totoeach each other other passes passes through through the the heat heat

exchanger exchanger 20. Thus, the 20. Thus, the water water sent sent from from the the condenser condenser 17 17 to to

the downstreamside the downstream sidecan can be be cooled cooled in the in the heatheat exchanger exchanger 20 20 with use with use of of the the ammonia ammonia flowing flowing through through the the ammonia ammonia flow flow

34

passage 103. passage 103. Hence, Hence, as as in in the the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1C 1C

described above, described above,a aquantity quantity of of heat heat thatthat is required is required to beto be recovered fromsteam recovered from steamwith with useuse of of seawater seawater in condenser in the the condenser 17 17

can be reduced, can be reduced,and andthus thus a suction a suction amount amount of seawater of seawater can be can be 5 reduced.Accordingly, 5 reduced. Accordingly, power power of of a pump a pump 19 19 can can be be reduced, reduced, and and thus efficiencyofofthe thus efficiency the gas gas turbine turbine system system 1D be 1D can canimproved. be improved.

[0088]

[0088] A temperature A temperatureofofthe thewater water sent sent from from the the condenser 17totothe condenser 17 thedownstream downstream side side is lower is lower thanthan a a

temperature temperature of of steam steam sent sent to to the the condenser condenser 17. Thus, aa 17. Thus, 10 degreeofofincrease 10 degree increaseinintemperature temperatureofofammonia ammoniaisislower lowerininthe the

gas turbine gas turbinesystem system1D1D than than in in thethe gas gas turbine turbine system system 1C 1C

described above. described above. Hence, Hence, the the vaporization vaporization of of ammonia ammonia can can be be

suppressed. Thus, aa fluctuation suppressed. Thus, fluctuation in in pressure pressure of of vaporized vaporized

ammonia, anadditional ammonia, an additional facility facility andand complicated complicated control control for for 15 preventionofofrecondensation, 15 prevention recondensation,and andananincrease increaseininsize sizeofofa a

pipe through pipe throughwhich whichgaseous gaseous ammonia ammonia is flow is to to flow can be can be suppressed. suppressed.

[0089]

[0089] The embodiment The embodimentofofthe the present present disclosure disclosure has has been been described above described abovewith withreference reference to to the the attached attached drawings, drawings, but, but, 20 needlesstotosay, 20 needless say,the thepresent presentdisclosure disclosureisisnot notlimited limitedtotothe the

above-mentioned above-mentioned embodiment. It is embodiment. It is apparent apparent that that those those

skilled in the skilled in theart artmay may arrive arrive at at various various alternations alternations and and modificationswithin modifications withinthe the scope scope of of claims, claims, and and thosethose examples examples are construedasasnaturally are construed naturally falling falling within within the the technical technical scope scope

of the present of the presentdisclosure. disclosure.

[0090]

[0090] There has There has been beendescribed described above above an an example example in in which the which the rotational rotationalpower power transmitted transmitted fromfrom the turbine the turbine 11b 11b

35

to the compressor to the compressor11a 11aisis used used as as energy energy for for driving driving the power the power generator in generator inthe thegas gasturbine turbine system system 1, 1A, 1, 1A, 1B, 1B, 1C, 1D. 1C, 1D. However, the However, therotational rotational power power transmitted transmitted fromfrom the turbine the turbine 11b to the 11b to the compressor compressor11a 11a in in thethe gasgas turbine turbine system system 1, 1A, 1, 1A,

1B, 1C, 1D 1B, 1C, 1D may maybebeused used for for other other purposes purposes of use, of use, for for example, inorder example, in ordertotodrive drive a movable a movable object object suchsuch as a as a ship. ship.

[0091]

[0091] There have There have been beendescribed described examples examples in which in which ammonia is supplied ammonia is suppliedinin a liquid a liquid state state to the to the combustor combustor 12. 12. However, ammonia However, ammoniamay maybebe supplied supplied ingaseous in a a gaseous statestate to the to the

combustor combustor 12. In this 12. In this case, case, aa vaporizer vaporizer is is provided provided in in the the

ammonia flowpassage ammonia flow passage103, 103, andand ammonia ammonia is vaporized is vaporized by the by the vaporizer. vaporizer.

[0092]

[0092] The condenser The condenser1717and andthe the heat heat exchanger(s) exchanger (s) 20 20 have been have been described described with with reference reference to to the the drawings. drawings. However, However,

a relationshipbetween a relationship between a direction a direction of flow of flow of aof a high- high- temperature fluidand temperature fluid anda a direction direction of flow of flow of aof a low- low- temperature fluidthrough temperature fluid through thethe condenser condenser 17 and 17 and the heat the heat exchanger(s) 20 is exchanger (s) 20 is not notlimited limitedtoto those those in in thethe examples examples illustrated illustrated in in the the drawings. For example, drawings. For example, the the condenser condenser 17 17

20 andthe 20 and theheat heatexchanger exchanger(s) 20 may (s) 20 may be be of of counterflow counterflow type, type, of of

parallel flow parallel flowtype, type,oror of of cross cross flow flow type. type.

[0093]

[0093] The present The presentdisclosure disclosure contributes contributes to the to the improvement improvement of of efficiency efficiency of of the the gas gas turbine turbine system. Thus, system. Thus, the presentdisclosure the present disclosure can can contribute contribute to, to, for for example, example,

achievement ofGoal achievement of Goal7 7"ensure "ensure access access to affordable, to affordable, reliable, reliable, sustainable andmodern sustainable and modernenergy" energy" of of thethe sustainable sustainable development development goals(SGDs) goals (SGDs). .

36

Reference Signs Reference Signs List List

[0094]

[0094] 1: gas turbine 1: gas turbinesystem, system, 1A: 1A: gasgas turbine turbine system, system, 1B: gas turbine 1B: gas turbinesystem, system, 1C: 1C: gasgas turbine turbine system, system, 1D: gas 1D: gas

turbine system, turbine system,12: 12:combustor, combustor, 13:13: ammonia ammonia tank, tank, 14: boiler, 14: boiler, 16: steam turbine, 16: steam turbine,17: 17: condenser, condenser, 20: 20: heatheat exchanger, exchanger, 20a: 20a: first heat exchanger, first heat exchanger,20b: 20b: second second heat heat exchanger, exchanger, 30-1:30-1: switching mechanism,30-2: switching mechanism, 30-2: switching switching mechanism, mechanism, 102: 102: exhaust exhaust flow passage,103: flow passage, 103:ammonia ammonia flow flow passage, passage, 106:106: flow flow passage, passage,

107: seawaterflow 107: seawater flowpassage passage (heat-medium (heat-medium flowflow passage) passage)

Claims

1. A gas turbine system, comprising:

an ammonia tank configured to store ammonia in a liquid

state; 2022446945

5 a combustor connected to the ammonia tank, and to which

the ammonia is supplied in a liquid state;

an exhaust flow passage connected to the combustor;

a boiler provided in the exhaust flow passage;

a steam turbine connected to the boiler;

10 a condenser connected to the steam turbine;

a heat-medium flow passage passing through the

condenser; and

a heat exchanger, which is arranged on an upstream side

of the condenser in the heat-medium flow passage, on a

15 downstream side of the condenser in the heat-medium flow

passage, or in a flow passage that connects the steam

turbine, the condenser, and the boiler, the heat exchanger

through which an ammonia flow passage that connects the

ammonia tank and the combustor to each other passes,

20 wherein the ammonia is heated in the heat exchanger to

such a degree that the ammonia is not vaporised.

2. The gas turbine system according to claim 1,

wherein the heat exchanger comprises:

25 a first heat exchanger arranged on an upstream

side of the condenser in the heat-medium flow passage; and

a second heat exchanger arranged on a downstream side of the condenser in the heat-medium flow passage, and wherein the ammonia flow passage is provided with a switching mechanism configured to switch a path for the ammonia between a plurality of paths in which the ammonia 2022446945

5 passes through a different one or ones of the heat

exchangers.

3. The gas turbine system according to claim 2, wherein

the switching mechanism switches the path for the ammonia

10 based on at least one of a state of the ammonia in the

ammonia flow passage or a state of a heat medium in the heat-

medium flow passage.