JP2545577B2 - Polyester different fineness / different crimpable composite fiber yarn - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention imparts excellent swelling and drapeability to a fabric by undergoing preheat-setting, scouring, alkali reduction processing and dyeing finishing processing after knitting or weaving. Further, the present invention relates to a polyester different fineness / different crimpable composite fiber yarn suitable for clothing which is capable of both cationic and disperse dyeing and is excellent in sharpness and is advantageous in wrinkle processing and texture development.

(Prior Art) As a laminating-type composite fiber having latent crimpability of polyester, polyethylene terephthalate having a low degree of polymerization as a polymer component on the low heat shrinkage side (intrinsic viscosity 0.50 to 0.6
0), polyethylene terephthalate with a high degree of polymerization as a polymer component on the high heat shrinkage side (intrinsic viscosity 0.70 to 0.80)
The polyester fiber using is produced industrially, but this fiber has the following drawbacks.

Since the two types of polyester polymers have different melt viscosities at the spinning temperature, spinning stability is reduced due to a large kneeling phenomenon on the discharge hole outlet side.

It cannot be used in the field of knitting and weaving with other fibers such as spandex, silk, wool, etc., because it has no dyeability under normal pressure and no dyeability under cationic conditions.

The crimped form is uniform, there is no phase shift, it lacks a natural feel, and there is no firmness or elasticity.

In order to solve these drawbacks, the applicant of the present invention has disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-
In Japanese Patent No. 63717, there is proposed a composite fiber in which a regular polyester is arranged on the low shrinkage side and a polyester having a high alkali weight loss rate and a normal pressure cationic dyeability is arranged on the high shrinkage side. However, since the conjugate ratio proposed in the above publication is constant, the crimped form is likely to be uniform, and the above-mentioned drawbacks cannot be sufficiently eliminated.

Also, as a method of randomizing the ratio of composite fibers,
JP-A-59-100717 and JP-A-62-45721 disclose
A method is disclosed in which two types of polymers, a regular polyester and a polyester having a high alkali weight loss rate and a normal pressure cationic dyeability, are mixed in a plurality of layers and at random using a static kneading element. However, since the polyester conjugate fiber obtained by this method is multi-layered, it has problems such as poor crimpability.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention is disclosed in JP-A-61-63717 and JP-A-59-10071.
The method proposed in JP-A-62-45721 and JP-A-62-45721 was inadequate. Polyester heterogeneity / different crimping conjugate fiber having a nonuniform crimp morphology and excellent elasticity, stiffness and natural feeling. To provide yarn.

(Means and Actions for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a bonding type filament composed of two kinds of polyester polymers having different fineness and different crimpability, and each polymer. A composite fiber yarn in which 100% plain and non-crimped filaments are mixed, and polyethylene terephthalate having at least 95 mol% or more ethylene terephthalate units as a polymer component [A] on the low heat shrinkage side is used. , 85 mol% or more as the polymer component [B] on the high heat shrinkage side is composed of ethylene terephthalate units, and 5% as the dicarboxylic acid component.
-Atmospheric pressure dyeability, cationic dyeability, characterized by using a modified polyethylene terephthalate containing sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a copolymerization component in the range of 1 to 5 mol% and adipic acid in the range of 2 to 10 mol%, In addition, a polyester different fineness / different crimping composite fiber yarn having an easy alkali weight reducing property is a constituent requirement.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail along with its operation.

The different fineness / different crimping composite fiber yarn in the present invention specifically refers to a fiber group having the fiber cross-sectional shape illustrated in FIG. 1, but is of course limited to the illustrated one. It is not something that will be done.

The polymer component [A] on the low heat shrinkage side in the present invention must be polyethylene terephthalate in which at least 95 mol% is composed of ethylene terephthalate units.

Further, in the present invention, the polymer component on the high heat shrinkage side [B]
Is composed of ethylene terephthalate units in an amount of 85 mol% or more, and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component is 1 to 5 mol%, preferably 2 to 3 mol%, and adipic acid is 2 to 10 mol%, preferably It is necessary that the modified polyethylene terephthalate is contained as a copolymerization component in the range of 4 to 7 mol%.

When the ethylene terephthalate unit is less than 85 mol%, the strength of the composite fiber yarn becomes small, and troubles such as fluff due to breakage of single fibers are likely to occur in the process after the drawing and twisting. If the content of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is less than 1 mol%, the cation dyeability is insufficient, and if it exceeds 5 mol%, the melt viscosity of the polymer becomes too high, and an appropriate degree of polymerization is obtained in the condensation polymerization reaction. Hard to get. 2 mol% of adipic acid
If it is less than 10% by weight, the dyeability under normal pressure is insufficient, and if it exceeds 10 mol%, the thermal stability of the polymer is deteriorated and the fiber is colored yellow due to thermal decomposition in the spinning process.

In order to suppress the thermal decomposition of the conjugate fiber yarn of the present invention, it is preferable to perform the conjugate spinning of two kinds of polymer components [A] and [B] within the range of 270 to 290 ° C. In this case, it is preferable that the two polymer components [A] and [B] have almost the same melt viscosity during spinning. When the melt viscosities are different, it is difficult to control the shape of the modified cross-section yarn, and a large kneeling phenomenon on the discharge hole outlet side cannot be avoided.

The ratio of the two kinds of polymer components [A] and [B] is [A]:
A range of [B] = 25 to 75:75 to 25 is possible, but 50:50 is most preferable.

The polymer component [B] in the present invention has an alkali weight loss rate of about 10 times that of the polymer component [A] as shown in FIG. 2, but the weight loss of the composite fiber yarn is easy as described above. The fact that the polymer component [B] is selectively alkali-reduced is one of the preferable effects based on the combination of the two polymer components in the present invention.

Further, the polymer component [B] exhibits normal pressure dyeability and cationic dyeability, which further enhances the commercial value of the polyester fiber having different fineness and different crimpability of the present invention.

The laminated composite fiber yarn having different fineness and different crimpability of the present invention can be easily obtained by using a known side-by-side composite melt spinning device. That is, using the composite melt spinning apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3, the discharge hole 1 illustrated in FIG.
From a spinneret 8 having front plates 7 with different pore sizes provided to change the ratio of polymer components [A] [B] per hole
Two polymer components [A] [B] melted at 270-290 ° C
Are discharged individually and bonded to form a mixed filament yarn, which is then cooled with orthogonal cooling air, and then an oil agent is applied and wound as an undrawn yarn. At this time, the winding speed is preferably in the range of 1000 to 3000 m / min.

In FIG. 3, 3 is a molten raw material extruder, 4 is a spinning head, 5 is a spinneret device, and 6 is an undrawn yarn.

Subsequently, the unstretched yarn 6 was heated to 70 to 95 ° C. by using the twisting machine illustrated in FIG.
Stretched at a stretch ratio in the range of 0.7 to 0.85 of the maximum breaking stretch ratio between 12 and provided between the supply roller 10 and the take-up roller 12.
Heat treatment is carried out by making contact travel on the heating body 11 in the range of 100 to 180 ° C.

The reason why the polymer component [B] in the present invention is dyeable under atmospheric pressure is that the fine structure of the polymer chain is disturbed by the copolymerization of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and adipic acid, that is, the amorphous region is wide. It is presumed that this is because the dye molecules easily enter because the orientation of the polymer chains in the amorphous part is extremely low. It is considered that the reason why the alkali weight loss rate is remarkably high is also due to the disorder of the polymer chain fine structure. On the other hand, the cationic dyeability is due to the contribution of the copolymerization of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid.

Next, since the polyester different fineness / different crimping composite fiber yarn of the present invention contains filaments having different finenesses and different crimp forms, and a simple component without crimps, respectively, the fabric is firm. A firmness is imparted and a unique texture is exhibited, and a very preferable effect is obtained on the surface of the fabric. As is well known, in the side-by-side laminating composite fiber yarn, the phases of the spiral crimps of the individual single fibers are the same, and it is easy to exhibit a strongly focused appearance like a spiral monofilament. Appearing in a streak,
At the same time, the texture is hardened, so it is important to shift the phase to make a mixed filament yarn having different fineness and different crimping properties, including plain components. Further, when the cloth knitted or woven using the different fineness / different crimping composite fiber yarn according to the present invention is alkali-reduced, it becomes more effective based on the difference in the alkali reduction rate of both components.

As the alkali weight reduction processing in the present invention, any known industrially adopted alkali weight reduction processing method can be used.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on Examples.

Example 1 As the polymer component [A], polyethylene terephthalate consisting essentially of ethylene terephthalate units and having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 was used, and as the polymer component [B], 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid was added to the dicarboxylic acid component in an amount of 2.3.
Using a modified polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.57 containing mol% and adipic acid as a 4.8 mol% copolymerization component, a [A] component 288 [deg.] C. and a [B] component 278 [deg.] C. by a composite melt spinning apparatus shown in FIG. Each of them was melt-kneaded at ℃ and discharged at 285 ℃ from the spinneret with discharge holes shown in Fig. 4, 1000m
It was wound up at a rate of / min to obtain an unstretched yarn of 152 denier / 24 filament having a single-fiber cross-sectional shape shown in Fig. 1 (a). The unstretched yarn was drawn at 3.07 times between the supply roller and the take-up roller heated to 82 ° C. by using the drawing machine shown in FIG.
It was run on the hot plate of No. 3 and heat-treated, and wound on a burn at 600 m / min.

 The yarn quality of the obtained drawn yarn is shown in the following table.

Example-2 Using the composite fiber yarn obtained in Example-1 as the weft, and using polyethylene terephthalate of 50 denier / 24 filament as the warp, weft 98 pieces / inch, warp 75 pieces / 2 pieces / dimension After weaving according to the standard of density and flatness, it was preheated at 180 ° C. for 1 minute at a relaxation rate of 10% weft and 5% warp, and then scoured under the following conditions.

Example-3 The woven fabric obtained in Example-2 was subjected to alkali reduction processing under the following conditions. The obtained woven fabric had an alkali weight loss rate of 22% and exhibited a high degree of drape while maintaining the bulge. The weft of the woven fabric was removed and observed with an electron microscope.
It had the yarn cross-sectional shape shown in the figure.

Example-4 After dyeing the fabric obtained in Example-3 under the following conditions, 15
After heat setting was performed at 0 ° C. for 1 minute. The resulting fabric was dyed in a dark color and had a soft and swelled texture.

Comparative Example 5 In place of the polymer component [B], a dicarboxylic acid component was added
The composite fiber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a known side-by-side laminating die was used with modified polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.57 and containing sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a copolymerization component of 2.3 mol%. I got a thread. Example-2 using the composite fiber yarn,
Weaving and processing were carried out in the same manner as 3 and 4. The obtained woven fabric had a hard and swelling-free feel, and the dyeing density was only light.

(Effect of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a normal polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 to 0.75 is used as the polymer component on the low heat shrink side of the two types of polymer components, and the high heat shrink side is used. Using a modified polyethylene terephthalate having a normal pressure dyeability, a cation dyeability and an alkali weight loss property as a polymer component of the above, a bonding type filament of each component having different fineness and different crimpability Obtaining a composite fiber yarn with 100% of each component mixed with plain and non-crimped filaments, and subjecting it to alkali weight reduction processing, it has excellent bulge and high drapeability. .

Since the melt viscosities of the two types of polymer components at spinning temperatures of 270 to 290 ° C. are almost the same, the kneeling phenomenon at the spinning discharge hole outlet side is small, and the process stability is good.

The composite fiber yarn of the present invention has atmospheric dyeability derived from the polymer component on the high heat shrinkage side, and can be knitted / woven with other fibers such as spandex, silk and wool, and the use thereof. The field expands.

The conjugate fiber yarn of the present invention has cationic dyeability derived from the polymer component on the high heat shrinkage side and can obtain clear dyeability.

The conjugate fiber yarn of the present invention is easy to wrinkle and develop wrinkles and has a wide range of applications.

That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a polyester composite fiber yarn which has the above-mentioned excellent features and is particularly suitable for clothing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a polyester fiber with different fineness and different crimpability of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a comparative view showing the alkali weight loss rates of two kinds of polymer components, and FIG. 3 is a composite melt spinning. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the apparatus. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a spinneret device for obtaining a differently crimped conjugate fiber yarn, FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the fiber twisting device of the fiber yarn, and FIG. 6 is an embodiment-3 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the polyester fiber with different fineness and different crimpability obtained in 1. Description of main parts of figure [A] …… (Polyester polymer) component [B] …… (Polyester polymer) component 5 …… Spinneret device 9 …… Discharge hole

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A laminated filament comprising different types of polyester polymers and having different fineness and different crimpability,
A composite fiber yarn in which 100% of each polymer is mixed with plain and non-crimped filaments, and polyethylene having at least 95 mol% of ethylene terephthalate units as a polymer component on the low heat shrinkage side. Using terephthalate, 85 mol% or more as a polymer component on the high heat shrinkage side is composed of ethylene terephthalate units, and as a dicarboxylic acid component, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is 1 to 5 mol% and adipic acid is 2 to 10 mol%. The modified polyester terephthalate containing a modified polyethylene terephthalate as a copolymerization component in the range of 1), which has dyeability under normal pressure, dyeability under cationic conditions, and easy alkali weight reduction .