JP2551958B2 - Charcoal manufacturing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing charcoal and an apparatus thereof.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in the manufacture of charcoal, a part of the wood in the carbonization chamber is burned by the heat generated in the combustion chamber and steamed to separate volatile components and water, and the wood is carbonized to collect coal. It was

Then, in this charcoal production process, the steam generated is recovered as wood acetic acid and wood tar by cooling, but the non-condensable product gas containing tar was released to the atmosphere as smoke from a charcoal kiln. .

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, due to the time required for charcoal making and the small amount of charcoal collected, the number of people who withdraw from charcoal production due to an unprofitable increase in charcoal demand As charcoal was expensive. By the way, although the generated gas described above contains a large amount of combustible gas, it has been wasted.

(Object of the invention) Therefore, an object of the present invention is to shorten the production time of charcoal and increase the amount of charcoal to reduce the price of charcoal.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve this object, the first invention burns a part of the wood in the carbonization chamber with heat generated in the combustion chamber and steams it to separate volatile components and water to carbonize the wood. In the method for producing charcoal to collect coal, the combustible gas generated from wood in the carbonization chamber is contacted with the crude wood vinegar to be adsorbed and the unadsorbed combustible gas is forcibly circulated in the combustion chamber to burn. A second aspect of the present invention is a charcoal manufacturing method, wherein the second invention is a combustion chamber capable of igniting and burning, and the wood received by the heat of the combustion chamber is carbonized and burned to obtain the charcoal. And a circulation means for forcibly circulating the combustible gas generated in the carbonization chamber in the carbonization combustion process to the combustion chamber, the circulation means collecting duct collecting the combustible gas from the upper part of the carbonization chamber. And the gathering duct Of the combustible gas introduced into the crude wood vinegar and adsorbing it, and a combustible gas fan that guides the combustible gas collected in the upper part of the tank without being adsorbed to the crude wood vinegar into the combustion chamber. It is used as a charcoal manufacturing device.

(Function) Combustible gas generated in the carbonization chamber is forcibly circulated to the combustion chamber and combusted in the combustion chamber, so that the temperature of the carbonization chamber can be rapidly raised even if the supply fuel is reduced, and energy can be saved. Further, since the generated gas with heat is forcedly circulated, the thermal conductivity can be improved.

(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The figure shows the second embodiment of the charcoal production method of the first invention.
It is a schematic block diagram of the charcoal manufacturing apparatus of invention.

In the figure, 1 is a combustion chamber, in which a pilot burner 4 for supplying necessary air to perform ignition combustion is provided on a horizontal side wall, and a smoke chamber 5 for discharging exhaust gas is provided on the opposite side wall, A carbonization chamber 9 that receives the heat of the combustion chamber 1 is provided above the combustion chamber 1 through a rostrut 7 having a hole like a ceiling on the ceiling wall, and a wood 11 which is a raw material for charcoal is opened and closed upwards. It is charged and filled from 13 parts of the free lid.

An internal inspection hole 15 for viewing the combustion and carbonization state inside the carbonization chamber 9 is provided at the lower part of the side wall of the carbonization chamber 9, and a collecting duct 17 is provided at the upper part of the side wall, for example, in the shape of a headband. This collecting duct
A large number of holes 18 that communicate 17 with the carbonization chamber 9 are formed in the side wall of the carbonization chamber 9, from which the generated gas generated in the carbonization combustion process can be collected.

Between the collecting duct 17 and the combustion chamber 1, there is provided a circulation means for forcibly circulating at least the combustible gas in the generated gas from the collecting duct 17 to the combustion chamber 9. This circulation means is a pipe with a combustible gas fan 19 in the middle and a collecting duct.
17 combustion chambers 1 may be connected. In this embodiment, a tank 21 filled with a coarse vinegar solution with a part of the upper part left
Is installed and the wood vinegar circulation pump is installed from the bottom of this tank 21.
A pipe 25 is provided which extends through 23 and further penetrates the upper wall from above the tank 21 and is fully immersed in the liquid to open the tip.

The tank 21 in the vertical portion of the pipe 25 on the side submerged in the liquid
A jet scrubber 27 is provided in the upper part of the pipe, and a pipe 29 from the collecting duct 17 is attached to the jet scrubber 27.
Is connected. Jet scrubber 27 is a collecting duct
The generated gas from 17 is sucked, and at the same time, the crude wood vinegar is sprayed in a shower shape to adsorb the generated gas and put into the crude wood vinegar in the tank 21.

A pipe connected to the combustion chamber 1 on the upper wall of this tank 21.
31 is provided, and in the middle thereof, a combustible gas fan 19 for sending to the combustion chamber 1 side is provided. Further, a valve 33 for removing the increased coarse wood vinegar in the tank 21 is provided.

A charcoal manufacturing method will be described using the charcoal manufacturing apparatus having such a structure.

First, the lid 13 of the carbonization chamber 9 is opened, the wood 11 which is a raw material for making charcoal is filled therein, and the lid 13 is closed later. The pilot burner 4 is ignited to raise the temperature of the combustion chamber 1 to about 350 ° C. A part of this hot gas is sent from the chimney 5 to the atmosphere, and the rest is sent to the inside of the carbonization chamber 9 through the roster 7 by suction of the combustible gas fan 19. A part of the wood 11 is burned by this heat, and the temperature in the carbonization chamber 9 is raised to the carbonization temperature by the heat generated by self-combustion, and the wood 11 is steam-baked to evaporate volatile components and moisture from the wood 11 to carbonize it.

Combustible gas is contained in the smoke, which is the gas separated and evaporated from the wood 11. This generated gas is pipe 29
To the jet scrubber 27 through which the coarse wood vinegar sent by the wood vinegar circulation pump 23 is showered to be adsorbed by the coarse wood vinegar and passed through the pipe 25 through the coarse wood vinegar in the tank 21. Here, the flammable gas that does not melt in the coarse wood vinegar becomes bubbles and collects in the upper space of the tank 21. During this time, steam is recovered as water, wood acetic acid, and wood tar.

The combustible gas accumulated in the upper space of the tank 21 is sent to the combustion chamber 1 by the combustible gas fan 19, enters the combustion zone of the pilot burner 4, and receives the air supplied here to generate heat by combustion. That is, the calorific value of the combustible gas component occupies 1/3 of the calorific value of the carbonized wood material, and by recycling this calorific value, the amount of combustion of the wood itself, that is, the amount of self-combusting wood decreases. Therefore, we are trying to shorten the coal production time and increase the amount of coal collected. The charcoal produced is taken out by opening the lid 13.

An example of the temperature during steady operation in this charcoal manufacturing device is that when the temperature of the hot gas in the combustion chamber 1 is 350 ° C, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the chimney 5 is 230 ° C, and the temperature of the combustion chamber 1 is 350 ° C. Is transferred to the carbonized material, and the temperature at the position of the collecting duct 17 is 100 ° C. due to the generated gas from the carbonized material. In natural convection, the flow rate of hot gas is 30 m ³ per hour, and in forced convection, it reaches 600 m ³ per hour. Therefore, the amount of heat transfer in the above case is the case of forced convection (heat transfer coefficient 0.45kcal / m ² h ・ k) (350 ℃ -100 ℃) × 600m ³ / h × 0.45kcal / m ² h ・ k = 675,000 kcal / h In case of natural convection (heat transfer rate 0.03 kcal / m ² h ・ k) (350 ℃ -100 ℃) × 30 m ³ / h × 0.03 kcal / m ² h ・ k = 225 kcal / h, forced circulation By doing so, a large amount of heat to the carbonization chamber 9 can be supplied by burning the combustible gas without supplying the gas in the pilot burner 4.

As described above, the heat transfer of the temperature in the carbonization chamber 9 is not such that the carbonization chamber 9 is sealed and does not receive the supply of air, but the high-temperature combustion gas directly passes therethrough. In particular, convection due to forced circulation of high-temperature gas is the main, and it promotes carbonization by making sensible heat transfer good.

The temperature of the generated gas is about 90 ° C at the position of the collecting duct 17.
If the flammable gas recycled is ignited, the combustion will continue to be stable and carbonization by the hot gas of forced circulation will be carried out, and the self-combusting wood will decrease, so the amount of coal collected will be 33% of the dry wood. Was recorded. This is a huge increase compared to the conventional coal amount of 16-18%.

In addition, by repeating convective heat transfer by circulating high-temperature gas, it became possible to reduce the time to carbonization temperature to 1/10 of the conventional method.

(Effects) As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to shorten the production time of charcoal, increase the amount of coal collected, and reduce the amount of fuel used, which is in line with the purpose of resource saving energy. It is possible to exert the effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a charcoal manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. 1 ... Combustion chamber, 4 ... Pilot burner 5 ... Chimney, 9 ... Carbonization chamber 11 ... Wood, 17 ... Collecting duct 19 ... Combustible gas fan, 21 ... Tank

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for producing charcoal in which a part of wood in a carbonization chamber is burned by heat generated in a combustion chamber and steamed to separate volatile components and moisture to carbonize the wood to collect charcoal. A method for producing charcoal, characterized in that a flammable gas generated from wood in a room is brought into contact with a crude wood vinegar solution to be adsorbed, and the unadsorbed combustible gas is forcedly circulated in the combustion chamber to be burned. 2. A combustion chamber capable of igniting and burning, a charcoal that charcoal-burns wood that has received heat of the combustion chamber, and can take out the charcoal, and charring combustion in the charring chamber. And a circulation means for forcibly circulating the combustible gas generated in the process to the combustion chamber, the circulation means collecting the combustible gas from the upper part of the carbonization chamber and the combustible gas from the collection duct. Manufacture of charcoal, characterized by comprising a tank for introducing and adsorbing in the crude wood vinegar, and a combustible gas fan for guiding the combustible gas collected in the upper part of the tank without being adsorbed by the crude wood vinegar to the combustion chamber. apparatus.