JP2552355B2 - Free section shield machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a free-section shield machine capable of continuously excavating a tunnel having a desired cross-sectional shape, not limited to a circular shape.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, various types of shield machines as described above have been proposed and implemented. Generally, by rotating the cutter placed in front of the shield machine around the center axis of the shield machine, the front surface of the shield machine in the propulsion direction is excavated, and the shield machine is propelled by the excavated amount to form the segment ring. It is used to dig by cutting off.

Further, JP-A-59-102090 proposes an enlarged shield construction method for forming an expanded diameter portion such as a retreat portion or a station portion in a part of a tunnel excavated by the shield machine.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Since the conventional shield machine excavates by rotating the front cutter, the excavation cross-sectional shape is limited to a circular shape, and it is difficult to excavate a tunnel having another irregular cross-sectional shape. is there. On the other hand, most of the cross-sectional shapes actually required other than circular, such as sewers, power lines, and subway tunnels, are conventionally excavated with large circular cross-sections including such irregular cross-sectional shapes. In such a case, an extra excavation operation and an excavation shearing operation are required. Such extra work has a greater effect on the tunnel construction cost as the cross section of the subway tunnel has a larger diameter, which is also a constraint when applying the shield construction method.

In response to this problem, the enlarged shield construction method disclosed in the above publication is constructed by excavating the tunnel with a normal diameter once to assemble the segment ring, then removing the segment ring of the target portion and performing special excavation work in the radial direction. The enlarged diameter portion and the like are partially formed, and the cross section having a desired shape other than the circular shape is not continuously excavated.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine capable of continuously excavating a tunnel having a desired sectional shape, not limited to a circular shape.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention includes a shield machine main body, a center cutter rotatably supported by the shield machine main body around an axis extending in a substantially horizontal direction which is a propelling direction thereof, and a center cutter rotatably supported around the center cutter. A rotating body, a rotation driving means for rotationally driving the rotating body, and a side cutter movably supported by the rotating body in a radial direction of the rotating body,
The rotation driving means is provided separately, and an operating means for moving the side cutter in the radial direction so that the side cutter revolves while drawing a locus corresponding to a desired excavation shape during rotation of the rotating body. It is a thing.

[Work]

According to the above configuration, the rotation of the center cutter causes
While excavating the central part of the face, which is the front of the excavation,
The outer periphery is excavated by the side cutter that revolves around the center cutter and is appropriately driven in the direction of the revolution radius to draw a unique revolution trajectory. Therefore, it is possible to excavate a substantially horizontal hole having a desired sectional shape as a whole.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a shield machine for excavating a tunnel having a rectangular cross section according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1, 2 and 3, the shield machine has a shield machine body 1 whose outer peripheral surface is covered by a skin plate 11 having a rectangular cross section, and a horizontal center of the shield machine body 1. A center cutter 2 supported rotatably around an axis (center cutter axis; axis extending in the propulsion direction) X, and this center cutter axis X
A large rotary table (rotating body) 3 rotatably supported around the pair of side cutters 4 arranged around the center cutter 2 and rotatably supported around an axis parallel to the center cutter 2. The guide frame 5 that guides the rotation shaft 41 of the side cutter is formed as a base body.

The center cutter 2 is integrally attached to the tip of a screw conveyor 21, and a center cutter electric motor 22 is connected to the rear end of the screw conveyor 21. The drive of the electric motor 22 causes the center cutter 2 to rotate about the center cutter axis X, and the drive also causes the screw conveyor 21 to rotate at the same time.

The screw conveyor 21 has its periphery shielded by a fixed cylinder 23 fixed to the shield machine main body 1 and a movable cylinder 24 to which the electric motor 22 is attached, and its rear end can be rotated by the movable cylinder 24. It is supported. The movable cylinder 24 and the fixed cylinder 23 are engaged with each other by splines 231 and 241 so as to be relatively movable in the center cutter axis X direction. Further, the tip ends of the screw conveyor 21 and the fixed cylinder 23 are engaged with each other by splines 211 and 232 so as to be relatively movable in the center cutter axis X direction.

The movable cylinder 24, the screw conveyor 21, and the center cutter 2 are moved to the normal position (the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 1) and the projecting position by the expansion / contraction operation of the cylinder 25 connected to the movable cylinder 24 and the shield machine main body 1. It is configured to be able to move forward and backward between (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).

Further, a hopper 233 that opens to the internal space 31 of the large rotary table 3 is provided on the upper surface of the distal end portion of the fixed cylinder 23, and
A discharge port 242 that opens above the belt conveyor 6 is provided on the lower surface of the rear end of the moving barrel 24, and the excavation shear taken into the large rotary table 3 by the driving of the screw conveyor 21 is discharged onto the belt conveyor 6. I am trying to do it.

The large rotary table 3 is rotatably supported around the center cutter X axis by the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cylinder 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the shield machine body 1. The large rotary table 3 has a pair of small rotary tables 7 at the center. They are arranged symmetrically with respect to the cutter axis X. The small rotary table 7 is supported by the large rotary table 3 so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the center cutter axis X, and the side cutter rotary shaft 41 is located at the eccentric position of the small rotary table 7 as the center cutter axis X. It is rotatably supported around parallel axes.

The side cutter 4 is integrally attached to the tip of the side cutter rotating shaft 41, and the guide gear 42 and the roller 43 are attached to the rear end.
And are installed. A guide frame (constituting a part of actuating means) 5 formed in a rectangular shape similar to the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine main body 1 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the shield machine main body 1. A guide passage 51 is formed along the peripheral surface, and a large number of pin gears 52 are arranged. The side cutter rotating shaft 41 is arranged so that the guide gear 42 meshes with the pin gear 52 and the roller 43 contacts the guide passage 51.

The side cutter 4 and the guide frame 5 have respective sizes so that the outer peripheral edge 4a of the side cutter 4 is located at the outer peripheral edge 1a on the front surface of the shield machine in a state where the guide gear 42 meshes with the pin gear 52. The size of the side cutter 4 is set such that the circle of rotation of the side cutter 4 and the circle of rotation of the center cutter 2 partially overlap each other.

A pair of support arms (constituting a part of the actuating means) 8 are rotatably attached to the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cylinder 23 around the fixed cylinder 23. Are rotatably connected to each other. As shown in FIG. 3, the support arm 8 includes a pair of arms 81 and 82 rotatably connected to each other and an air cylinder 83 connected to the pair of arms 81 and 82. The side cutter rotating shaft 41 is configured to be pressed and biased toward the pin gear 52 side of the guide frame 5 by applying a compressive force on the extension side. This allows the guide gear
No. 42 is forcibly engaged with the pin gear 52 regardless of the position of the side cutter rotation shaft 41 on the guide frame 5.

On the other hand, on the rear surface of the large rotary table 3, a large number of pin gears 32 are arranged along the inner peripheral edge thereof, and these pin gears are rotatably supported by the shield machine main body 1.
It is meshed with one gear 331 of 33. The other gear 332 of the transmission shaft 33 is meshed with the output side gear 341 of the side cutter electric motor 34, and the rotational driving force of the electric motor 34 is transmitted via the transmission shaft 33 so that the large rotary table 3 is rotated by the center cutter shaft. It is rotated around X.

In front of the large rotary table 3, there are multiple excavation intakes.
35 are arranged in a radial pattern, and a plurality of scraping plates (see FIG. 4) 36 are radially arranged in the internal space 31 of the large rotary table 3 so that the excavation shear can be put into the popper 233. .

In FIG. 1, 91 is a shield jack, 92 is a slide jack, 93 is a segment, and 94 is an erector for segment assembly.

In the shield machine having the above configuration, the driving force is transmitted to the large rotary table 3 via the transmission shaft 33 and the pin gear 32 by the rotational drive of the side cutter electric motor 34, and the large rotary table 3 rotates about the center cutter axis X (first (Clockwise rotation in FIG. 3). Along with this, the small rotary table 7 and the side cutter rotary shaft 41 also rotate (revolve) around the center cutter axis X together with the large rotary table 3.

However, the side cutter rotary shaft 41 has its guide gear 42
Engages with the pin gear 52 of the guide frame 5, and
Since 43 is in contact with the guide passage 51, the small rotary table 7
Is rotated by rotating about the center cutter axis X, whereby the side cutter 4 is rotationally operated (automatically). Since the side cutter rotary shaft 41 is provided at an eccentric position with respect to the small rotary table 7, the small rotary table 7 also rotates around the side cutter rotary shaft 41 by the rotation of the large rotary table 3 (see FIG. 2). It is rotated counterclockwise). This absorbs the change in the distance between the center cutter axis X and the guide frame 5.

At the time of the above rotation, the guide gear 42 is pressed and biased toward the pin gear 52 side of the guide frame 5 by the air cylinder 83 of the support arm 8, so that the guide gear 42 is surely moved along the inner peripheral surface of the guide frame 5. It rotates and moves, so that the revolving locus of the side cutter rotating shaft 41 moves along the guide frame 5
The shape can be along the inner peripheral surface of the.

Specifically, as a desired excavation shape according to the present invention, a rectangular shape is suitable for a common groove or an electric power cave, a horse tightening shape or the like is suitable for a road tunnel, and other shapes such as an oval shape and an oval shape are used depending on the purpose of use. And set appropriately.

The center cutter 2 is rotated in the opposite direction to the side cutter 4 by the rotational drive of the center cutter motor 22, which excavates the central circular portion (see FIG. 5) C of the face on the front face of the shield machine, and the side cutter 4 Is revolved around the center cutter 2 along a guide frame 5 while revolving around itself, and therefore is constituted by a circular portion C excavated by the center cutter 2 and an outer peripheral edge 1a of the front face of the shield machine. It is possible to excavate between the corner shape S of the tunnel section to be formed.

According to such a shield machine, the face on the front surface of the shield machine can be continuously excavated with a square cross section, and a tunnel having a square cross section can be formed. As a result, excavation corresponding to the required cross-sectional shape can be performed as a tunnel, and cost reduction can be achieved by omitting extra excavation.

When excavating, the intake on the front of the large rotary table 3
The excavation shear taken from 35 into the large rotary table 3 is thrown into the hopper 233 by the scraping plate 36, and this excavation shear is sent to the rear by the screw conveyor 21 and the discharge port.
It is discharged from 242 onto the belt conveyor 6. The side cutter 4 and the large rotary table 3, and the side cutter 4 and the center cutter 2 are used for taking in the excavated slide from the intake port 35.
By making the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the blades different from each other, the excavation shear is rubbed between the rear surface of the center cutter 2 and the front surface of the side cutter 4, and between the rear surface of the side cutter 4 and the blade 351 in front of the intake 35. Combined,
As a result, crushing of the excavation is performed. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a crushing device, and the crushing device can be omitted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, this shield machine is rotationally driven such that the center cutter 2 and the side cutter 4 are in different rotational directions, so that the rotational reaction forces of the center cutter 2 and the side cutter 4 cancel each other out. As a result, the rotation of the shield machine can be prevented.

Should rotation occur, the center cutter 2 is advanced to the projecting position (see the dashed line in Fig. 1) by contracting the cylinder 25 to bite into the natural surface of the face. By rotating the side cutter 4 with the cutter 2 as a fixed point, the shield machine may be rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation to correct it.

In this case, the correction work can be automated by detecting the pressure from the face received by the center cutter with a pressure sensor (not shown) and detecting the rotation angle of the shield machine body 1 with the position sensor.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, after excavating the tunnel, only the skin plate 11 and the like of the shield machine body 1 are left and the main device parts such as the large rotary table 3, the center cutter 2 and the side cutter 4 are pulled to the tunnel side. It may be configured to be collected on the ground by being removed and reused. As a result, the cost required for tunnel excavation can be dramatically reduced compared to the case where the shield machine is buried and discarded for each tunnel.

In order to achieve this effect, for example, a support wall 12 of the shield machine main body 1 that supports the large rotary table 3 and the fixed cylinder 23 of the center cutter axis X and a slide means for integrally moving the large rotary table 3 rearward are added. do it. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the side cutter 4 is positioned at the corner portion of the square, the compression force of the support arm 8 to the air cylinder 83 is released, and only the small rotary table 7 is rotated to rotate the side cutter 4 by a large amount. The table 3 is moved inward from the outer peripheral edge. After that, the large rotary table 3 as well as the center cutter 2 and the side cutter 4 may be pulled out by the slide means.

Further, in the above embodiment, the pair of side cutters 4 are arranged so as to be point-symmetrical to the center cutter axis X, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a single or three or more side cutters may be provided. In these cases, it is preferable that two or more side cutters are radially and uniformly arranged from the viewpoint of preventing rotation.

6 and 7 show another example of the shield machine of the present invention.

In these figures, the center cutter shaft body 20a is
A pin gear 21a integrally formed by two threads is rotatably attached to the center cutter shaft body 20a, and a pair of support plates 22a is rotatably attached to the front and rear,
The support plate 22a supports the pair of transmission shafts 30a in parallel with the center cutter axis X while meshing with one of the pin gears 21a. One end of a pair of connecting members 31a is rotatably attached to the transmission shaft 30a, and a side cutter rotating shaft 41a is rotatably attached to the other end of the connecting member 31a.

A gear 301a is attached to one end of the transmission shaft 30a, and a pair of pin gears 302a is attached to an intermediate portion. Further, the side cutter rotating shaft 41a has a pair of transmission gears 411a.
The transmission shaft 30a and the side cutter rotating shaft 41a are connected to each other by a connecting member 31a so that the pin gear 302a and the transmission gear 411a mesh with each other.

Further, the side cutter rotating shaft 41a has a pair of transmission gears 411.
A guide gear 42a is attached at an intermediate position of a, while a guide frame 5a in which pin gears 52a are arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the shield machine main body 1 having a rectangular cross section is attached. The size of the guide key 42a is set so as to mesh with the pin gear 52a.

The shield machine main body 1 is provided with a guide passage 51a having an outer peripheral surface similar to the guide frame 5a. A roller rotatably attached to the outer peripheral surface of the guide passage 51a and an end of the side cutter rotating shaft 41a. 412a is arranged to connect.

The output gear 341a of the side cutter electric motor 34a is meshed with the other of the pin gears 21a of the center cutter shaft body 20a. Then, by the rotational driving of the side cutter electric motor 34a, the driving force is transmitted to the transmission shaft 30a via the two pin gears 21a, and the transmission shaft 30a rotates, so that the rotational force is transmitted to the pair of pin gears 302a. And transmitted to the side cutter rotating shaft 41a via a pair of transmission gears 411a,
As a result, the side cutter is driven to rotate (that is, rotates).

Further, as the side cutter rotating shaft 41a rotates, the guide gear 42a rotates along the pin gear 52a of the guide frame 5a, and the roller 412a is guided while moving in contact with the guide passage 51a. Moves (revolves) along the guide frame 5a around the center cutter axis X while drawing a rectangular locus similar to the guide frame 5a. This makes it possible to excavate a tunnel having a rectangular cross section.

〔The invention's effect〕

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention rotates the center cutter about an axis extending in a substantially horizontal direction which is the propelling direction of the center cutter, rotates the rotary body with the side cutter coaxially with the center cutter, and Since the side cutter is equipped with an operating means for moving the side cutter in the revolution radial direction so as to draw a locus corresponding to the desired excavation shape during rotation, the center circular portion of the face is excavated by the center cutter. In addition, by excavating the outer peripheral portion of the side cutter with a unique trajectory, it is possible to freely excavate a substantially horizontal tunnel having a desired sectional shape as a whole.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional explanatory view showing an embodiment of a shield machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of FIG. 1, and FIG.
Fig. 4 is a partially omitted sectional view taken along the line III-III, Fig. 4 is a partially omitted sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a front explanatory view of the shield machine, and Fig. 6 is a book. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a main part of another shield machine for carrying out the method of the invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 1 …… Shield machine main body, 2 …… Center cutter, 3 ……
Large rotary table (rotating body), 4 ... Side cutter, 5 ...
... guide frame (actuating means), 8 ... support arm (actuating means), 34 ... electric motor for side cutter (rotating drive means), X ... center cutter shaft (shaft extending in the propulsion direction).

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Shohei Senda 1-12-11 Taito, Taito-ku, Tokyo Inside Civil Engineering Research Center (72) Inventor Chiyoaki Ono 8-14-14 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Nittoku Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Iwasa Politics 5 33-11 Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan Hume Tube Co., Ltd. 711 (56) Reference JP-A-62-10332 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield machine main body, a center cutter rotatably supported by the shield machine main body around an axis extending in a substantially horizontal direction which is a propelling direction of the shield machine main body, and a center cutter rotatably supported coaxially with the center cutter. A rotary body, a rotation drive means for rotating the rotary body, and a side cutter supported by the rotary body so as to be movable in the radial direction of the rotary body,
The rotation driving means is provided separately, and an operating means for moving the side cutter in the radial direction so that the side cutter revolves while drawing a locus corresponding to a desired excavation shape during rotation of the rotating body. A free-section shield machine characterized in that