JP2552750B2 - Basic construction method for housing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a concrete foundation of a house, and relates to a foundation of a unit house and a foundation of a conventional house including a steel frame structure. It is available.

[Background technology]

In the case of a unit house constructed by combining a plurality of housing units or a house constructed by a conventional method including a steel frame structure, conventionally, a foundation is constructed on abandoned concrete at a construction site, and after this foundation is completed, The construction work of the building to be built above had been started. That is,
Conventionally, construction work of a building on the foundation was performed after the work of forming the foundation was completed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

According to such a conventional technique, the construction work of the building can be started only after the foundation is completed, so that there is a problem that the construction period of the house is extended accordingly.

In particular, the unit housing is built by the unit construction method that uses the housing units pre-produced in the factory, and the main purpose is to shorten the construction site work period by improving the industrialization rate and reducing the construction site work ratio. However, the fact that the construction work of a building above the foundation cannot be started until after the completion of the foundation means that the construction period of the house on the construction site will be extended by the period of the foundation construction work. Will not be fully achieved due to the basic construction work.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing a foundation of a house, which enables construction work of a building above the foundation to be performed during the foundation construction work and therefore can shorten the construction period of the house on the construction site.

[Means for solving the problem]

The foundation construction method according to the present invention assembles a framework for a foundation including a column member standing upright at a plurality of places on the foundation support ground, and a linear member connecting these column members,
A formwork for forming a foundation is arranged on the outside of this frame, and the construction work of a building built on the foundation and the positions of columns of which correspond to the positions of the pillar members is performed by the weight of the building with the frame. While supporting and starting on this skeleton,
It is characterized in that a concrete slurry is poured into the formwork, and the curing of the slurry and the construction work are carried out simultaneously.

The operation of placing the slurry in the formwork may be performed after the construction work of the building is started, or may be performed before the construction work is started.

[Action]

According to the present invention, if the framework for the foundation is erected on the foundation supporting ground and assembled, the construction work of the building above the foundation is started while supporting the weight of the building by this framework, and The concrete slurry poured into the building is cured and solidified simultaneously with the construction work of the building, and it is not necessary to wait for the solidification of the concrete slurry to start the construction work of the building, so the work period at the construction site is shortened.

Further, in the present invention, the framework for the foundation is assembled by including the pillar members erected at a plurality of places on the foundation supporting ground and the linear members connecting these pillar members, and the position of the pillar of the building is Since the construction work of the building on the foundation is performed in conformity with the positions of the pillar members, the construction work can be performed while the weight of the building is effectively supported by these pillar members even before the solidification of the concrete slurry. Further, since the concrete slurry is placed in the mold arranged outside the support members and the linear members, the foundation completed by solidifying the slurry can be used as the cloth foundation.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic view of a house 1 to which this embodiment is applied, and in this figure, a foundation 2 of the house 1 shows only a framework 3 for the foundation. The house 1 according to this embodiment is a unit house in which a building 4 built on a foundation 2 is formed by a plurality of housing units 5, and FIG. 14 shows a frame 6 of the housing unit 5. The skeleton 6 is configured by connecting the upper ends and the lower ends of the four columns 7 at the four corners with four upper beams 8 and lower beams 9, respectively. As shown in FIG. 15, the plurality of housing units 5 pre-produced in the factory are front, rear, left and right at the construction site.
By being combined vertically, the building 4 above the foundation 2 of the unit housing 1 is built by the unit construction method.

In FIG. 1, the framework 3 for the foundation 2 is a linear member 10
And four column members 11 to 14 of the first to fourth types. The linear member 10 is arranged below the lower beam 9 that constitutes the frame 6 of the housing unit 5, and the first pillar member 11 is provided.
Is arranged on the lower side where the plurality of columns 7 of the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 are not gathered together, that is, on the lower side of the corner portion of the building 4 where there is only one column 7 in the present embodiment.
The pillar member 12 and the third pillar member 13 are arranged below the portion where the two pillars 7 are gathered together, that is, below the portion where the two housing units 5 are adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction. The pillar member 14 is disposed below the portion where the four pillars 7 are gathered together, that is, below the portion where the four housing units 5 are adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction. As described above, the first to fourth support members 11 to 14 are arranged at positions corresponding to the positions of the pillars 7 of the building 4.

FIG. 2 shows the linear member 10. In the linear member 10, upper and lower horizontal members 15 and 16 are connected by a connecting member 17 in which a bar member is bent in a wave shape. A plurality of leg members 18 extending in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal members 15 and 16 are connected to the lower horizontal member 16, and both end portions of these leg members 18 have downward level adjusting bolts 19 and upward plate hooks 20. Are provided, and the hook 20 is for locking the foundation formwork. Upper horizontal material 15 is leg material
A plurality of brackets 21 extending in the same direction as 18 are joined,
Formwork connecting bolts on both ends of these brackets 21
22 is provided sideways. A plurality of housing unit connecting bolts 23 are provided on the upper horizontal member 15 so as to project upward.

FIG. 3 shows the first strut member 11. This support member 11 is
Two upper and lower arm members 25 and 26 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the column 24 at right angles. Lower arm material 26
Is a leg material with the level adjustment bolt 19 and hook 20 mentioned above.
18 is provided, and the upper arm member 25 is provided with a bracket 21 having the formwork connecting bolt 22.
At the top of the pillar 24, one housing unit connecting bolt 23 is provided so as to project upward.

FIG. 4 shows the second support member 12. This support member 12 is
The upper and lower ends of the pillar 27 are connected to the central portions of upper and lower arm members 28 and 29, and the lower arm member 29 has the leg members 18 with the level adjusting bolt 19 and the hook 20. And the upper arm member 28 is provided with a bracket 21 with the formwork connecting bolt 22. In addition, the upper arm member 28 is provided with the two housing unit connecting bolts 23
Are projected upward on both sides of the pillar 27.

FIG. 5 shows the third support member 13. This support member 13
The upper and lower ends of the pillar 30 are provided with long and short upper arm members 31, 32 and lower arm members 33, 34, and the central portions of the long-sized upper arm member 31 and lower arm member 33 are the pillar 30. The upper arm member 32 and the lower arm member 34, which are short in size, are joined to the upper end and the lower end, and are joined to the upper end and the lower end of the column 30 at right angles to the arm members 31 and 33. The lower arm members 33 and 34 are provided with the level adjusting bolt 19 and the leg member 18 with the hook 20, and the upper arm members 31 and 32 are provided with the bracket 21 with the formwork connecting bolt 22. Further, the two housing unit connecting bolts 23 are provided on the upper arm member 31 so as to project upward on both sides of the column 30.

FIG. 6 shows the fourth support member 14. This pillar member 14 is
The upper and lower ends of the pillar 35 are connected to the central portions of the upper and lower arm members 36 and 37, and the lower arm member 37 has the leg members 18 with the level adjusting bolt 19 and the hook 20. The upper arm member 36 is provided with a bracket 21 having the formwork connecting bolt 22. Further, a reinforcing portion 40 formed by a rib 38 and a plate 39 is provided in the central portion of the upper arm member 36, and the four housing unit connecting bolts 23 project upward from the reinforcing portion 40.

The upper and lower horizontal members 15, 16 of the linear member 10 described above, and the first
~ Upper and lower arm members 25, 26, 28, 29, 31 of the fourth support member 11 ~ 14 ~
34, 36 and 37 are connected via the plate-like connecting member 43 which is fastened with the bolt 41 and the nut 42 shown in FIG. Universal hole 44
Is provided, and the holes for inserting the bolts 41 are also formed in the ends of the upper and lower horizontal members 15 and 16 and the ends of the upper and lower arm members 25, 26, 28, 29, 31 to 34, 36, 37. 45 are provided.

 7 to 9 show a molding frame of the foundation 2.

The forms 46 and 47 shown in FIG.
The molds are arranged on both sides of the strut member 12 and on both sides of the fourth strut member 14, and therefore, these molds 46, 47 are in a plane straight shape. These molds 46 and 47 are formed in various lengths according to the lengths of the linear member 10 and the pillar members 12 and 14.
The forms 48 and 49 shown in FIG. 8 are arranged on both sides of the first support member 11, so that the form 48 is a large plane L-shape, and the form 49 is a small plane L-shape. Has become. The molds 50 to 52 shown in FIG. 9 are arranged on both sides of the third support member 13,
The formwork 50 has a linear shape on a plane, and the formwork 51 and 52 are small planes L.
It is a letter shape. In addition, among the above-mentioned molds 46 to 52,
47, and the forms 49, 51 and 52 can be made common.

Long holes 53 into which the hooks 20 can be inserted are formed in the lower portions of the above molds 46 to 52, and nuts 54 into which the above mold frame connecting bolts 22 can be screwed are provided on the inner surfaces of the respective upper parts. . A circle extending smoothly while curving outward in the width direction of the foundation 2 in a direction away from the linear member 10 and the first to fourth support members 11 to 14 as all of the molds 46 to 52 extend downward. It has an arcuate cross section. Also these formwork 46-52
Is made of, for example, a stainless steel plate, a plastic plate containing glass fibers, or a concrete plate containing glass fibers, and the surface thereof may be colored or a pattern may be displayed.

 Next, the construction method of the foundation 2 will be described.

As shown in Fig. 10, a waste concrete 55 is provided at the root cutting bottom of the construction site, and the first concrete is placed at each predetermined position (the position corresponding to the position of the pillar 7 of the building 4) on the waste concrete 55 which is the foundation supporting ground. The fourth strut members 11 to 14 are erected as shown in FIG. 1, and the strut members 11 to 14 are accurately made vertical by the rotation operation of the level adjusting bolts 19 and the heights thereof are aligned. Next, the linear member 10 is arranged between each of the column members 11 to 14, and the height of the linear member 10 is adjusted by the level adjusting bolt.
The supporting members 11 to 14 and the linear member 10 are connected by the connecting member 43 while being aligned with the supporting members 11 to 14 by the rotation operation of 19.

As a result, the pillar members 11 to 14 are connected to each other through the linear member 10, and the frame 3 of the foundation 2 is connected to the linear member 10 by the linear member 10.
And the pillar members 11 to 14 are assembled.

After that, the molds 46 to 52 are arranged on both sides of the linear member 10 and both sides of the support members 11 to 14, and the entire frame 3 of the foundation 2 is surrounded by the molds. The layout of the molds 46 to 52 is as shown in FIG. 10 showing the molds 46 and 47 on both sides of the linear member 10, as shown in FIG.
The linear member 10 and the support member are provided in the long hole 53 provided at the bottom of the
The hooks 20 provided on 11 to 14 are inserted, and the formwork connecting bolts 22 provided on the linear member 10 and the strut members 11 to 14 are rotated to provide the bolts 22 on the formwork 46 to 52. The nut 54 is screwed.

As a result, the molds 46 to 52 are locked by the hooks 20 and bolts.
It is attached to the skeleton 3 of the foundation 2 by the connecting action of 22, and the skeleton 3 also serves as a form fitting member.

By arranging the molds 46 to 52 on the outside of the frame 3 as described above, the slurry pouring space S for pouring the concrete slurry is formed inside the molds 46 to 52. . This space S, as shown in FIG.
Based on the above-mentioned curved shape, the width is widened continuously from the upper part to the lower part.

After the above work, a work for backfilling the soil 56 generated by the root cutting work at the construction site is performed, and this backfill is performed at least to a height exceeding the hook 20.

Then, the construction work for building the building 4 on the frame 3 of the foundation 2 is started. Specifically, the housing unit 5 forming the first floor of the housing units 5 is mounted on a foundation 2 by a crane.
The frame 3 of the base 2 and the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 are connected to each other, and the frames 6 of the first-floor housing units 5 are connected to each other. The work of connecting the skeleton 3 of the foundation 2 and the skeleton 6 of the housing unit 5 shows the parts of the linear member 10 and the first strut member 11.
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the linear member 10 and the column members 11 to 14
Is performed using the housing unit connecting bolt 23 provided in the. That is, the bolts 23 are inserted into the holes provided in the lower beam 9 and the bottom plate 7A of the pillar 7 which form the framework 6 of the housing unit 5, and the level adjusting nut 57 screwed into the bolts 23 is inserted. The housing unit 5 is lowered until the lower beam 9 and the bottom plate 7A come into contact with each other, the housing 57 is rotated by a nut 57 to set the height of the housing unit 5 to a predetermined height, and then the lock nut 58 is screwed into the bolt 23 so that the foundation 2 The frame 3 and the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 are connected. As shown in FIG. 11, the column 7 is provided with an opening 59 for tightening the lock nut 58.

After the construction work of the building 4 is started while supporting the weight of the building 4 above the foundation 2 by the frame 3 of the foundation 2 as described above, the work of placing concrete slurry in the slurry placing space S is started. This slurry pouring work is performed from the upper opening of the space S, and concrete slurry is poured from the side of the lower beam 9. In order to easily pour the concrete slurry into the space S, a slurry injection hole may be provided in the floor portion of the first-floor housing unit 5.

After placing the concrete slurry in the space S, the first-floor housing unit 5 is placed on the skeleton 3 of the foundation 2 and the skeleton 3 of the foundation 2 and the skeleton 6 of the housing unit 5 are connected to each other as described above. You may That is, the construction work of the building 4 may be started after the slurry casting work.

The concrete slurry cast in the space S is
Is a flared shape that widens from the top to the bottom,
It smoothly flows down in the space S and is surely filled in the entire mold. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the foundation 2 of the unit house 1 has a simple shape like a square with a straight middle street 60. Even if the work of placing in S is performed from a few places, the concrete slurry can be reliably spread over the entire space S.

In this embodiment, the construction work for constructing the building 4 on the foundation 2 is continued even after the concrete slurry is poured into the space S as described above. This construction work is, for example, a work of mounting the second-floor housing unit 5 on the first-floor housing unit 5 and coupling the same, and further a finishing work of the inside of each housing unit 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, the curing of the concrete slurry in the space S and the construction work of the building 4 are simultaneously performed, and the skeleton 3 of the foundation 2 is the weight of the building 4 until the concrete slurry is solidified. The concrete slurry is solidified and the foundation 2 is completed by the time the construction work of the building 4 is completed.

Particularly, in this embodiment, the pillars 7 of the building 4 above the foundation 2 are arranged on the pillar members 11 to 14 which are the constituent members of the frame 3 of the foundation 2, and these pillar members 11 to 14 are the foundation supporting ground. Since it is erected on the discarded concrete 55 that is, even if the construction work of the building 4 is started until the concrete slurry cast in the concrete slurry casting space S solidifies,
The weight of the building 4 acting on the pillars 7 is surely supported by the pillar members 11 to 14 and the discarded concrete 55, so that the curing of the slurry and the construction work of the building 4 can be performed simultaneously. Further, the pillar members 11 to 14 are connected by the linear member 10, and the concrete slurry is poured into the concrete slurry placement space S in the form members 46 to 52 arranged outside the pillar members 11 to 14 and the linear member 10. Since it is installed, the foundation 2 completed by the solidification of the slurry can be a cloth foundation required in a general building.

Figure 12 shows after the concrete slurry has solidified,
Even if the concrete slurry is solidified, the molds 46 to 52 are left as they are. That is, in this embodiment, the molds 46 to 52 are
Is used as it is as the surface material of the foundation 2, and helps improve the appearance of the foundation 2. In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the foundation 2 completed by solidifying the concrete slurry has a cross-section in the width direction that continuously spreads from the upper part to the lower part. It has a large bottom area that can reliably support the weight of the building 4 built in. The skeleton 3 of the foundation 2 and the skeleton 6 of the housing unit 5, that is, the skeleton of the building 4 built on the foundation 2 are firmly connected to each other via the housing unit connecting bolt 23 which is a connecting fitting.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the curing of the concrete slurry cast in the space S and the construction work for constructing the building 4 on the foundation 2 are simultaneously progressed, and the foundation 2 is completed. Since it is not necessary to start the construction work of the building 4, the construction site work period can be shortened by the construction period of the foundation 2 as compared with the conventional case. In particular, this effect is remarkably exhibited in the case of a unit house whose main purpose is to finish a lot of work in a factory and shorten a construction site work period.

In addition, the cross-section in the width direction of the completed foundation 2 has a continuous divergence from the upper part to the lower part, and the divergent divergence base 2 having such a large bottom area can be poured into the space S only once with the concrete slurry. Like the conventional foundation consisting of a wide footing part that can be made and has a large bottom area and a rising part above this footing part, first, a concrete slurry for forming the footing part is placed, and this slurry is After the solidification of No. 2, it is not necessary to perform a two-step work process of placing a concrete slurry for forming a rising part on the solidified work, and therefore the foundation construction work can be simplified.

Further, since the frame 3 in the foundation 2 and the frame of the building 4 built on the foundation 2 are directly connected to each other via the housing unit connecting bolt 23, which is a connecting fitting, the foundation 2 and the building 2 are connected. The connection strength with 4 becomes extremely large, and housing 1
However, even in a house built in a typhoon passage area, for example, a large load acting on the house 1 can be reliably transmitted to the foundation 2 and received by the foundation 2. Further, the molds 46 to 52 that form the slurry casting space S in which the concrete slurry is cast are left as they are after the solidification of the concrete slurry and are used as the surface material of the foundation 2. It is not necessary to remove the formwork 46 to 52 after completion, and therefore the work on the construction site is correspondingly reduced and the work can be facilitated. In addition, formwork 46-52
Is attached to the framework 3 of the foundation 2 and the framework 3 is a formwork 46
Since it also serves as a mounting member for the molds 52 to 52, it is not necessary to prepare a special mold mounting member for making the molds 46 to 52 self-supporting, and the number of necessary members can be reduced accordingly.

Note that the end flared foundation may be one in which both side faces in the width direction extend outward in the width direction from the upper part to the lower part as shown in FIG. 12, but may have other end flared shapes, for example, It may be the base 2'of the end of Fig. 13. In this foundation 2 ', one side surface facing the outside of the house is a vertical surface and the other side surface is a curved surface. Further, the cross section in the width direction of the foundation may be trapezoidal and the side surfaces may be linear surfaces.

Further, the present invention is not limited to a unit house, but can be applied to a house built by a conventional method, and this house also includes a steel frame house.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, it becomes possible to perform the construction work of the building above the foundation during the foundation construction work at the construction site, and as a result, the construction period of the house can be shortened overall,
As a result, the cost of the house can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of the house showing the basic framework, 2
The figures are perspective views showing a linear member constituting the frame of the foundation, FIGS. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are perspective views showing the column members constituting the frame of the foundation, FIG. 7, FIG. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a base forming form, Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 are diagrams showing a connection between a framework of a foundation and a framework of a building, and Fig. 12 is a sectional view showing a completed foundation. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a foundation according to another embodiment, FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a framework of a housing unit which is a constituent element of a unit housing, and FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing an entire unit housing. 1 ... Unit housing, 2,2 '... Basic, 3 ... Framework,
4 ... Building, 5 ... Housing unit, 6 ... Frame, 10 ...
… Straight line members, 11 ～ 14 …… Staff members, 19 …… Level adjustment bolts, 20 …… Hooks, 22 …… Form frame connecting bolts, 23 …… Connecting bracket housing unit connecting bolts, 46 ～ 52 …… Type Frame, S ... Slurry casting space.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A base skeleton is assembled by including strut members which are erected at a plurality of locations on a foundation support ground and linear members which connect these strut members. The construction work of a building in which the formwork of the above is placed, and the position of the pillars is the same as the position of the pillar members, is built on the foundation while supporting the weight of the building with the frameworks. A method of constructing a basic structure of a house, which is characterized by placing concrete slurry in the formwork, and simultaneously curing the slurry and proceeding with the building work.