JP2552872B2 - Material testing machine - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is designed so that an indenter is pressed into a material piece to make an indentation, and the hardness of the material piece is measured from the indentation made on the material piece. Material testing machine used in.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various material testing machines having an indenter portion having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece and an indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter so that the indentation is made on the material piece have been proposed. .

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the case of the conventional material testing machine, the indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter toward the material piece is complicated and large, and therefore, the material testing machine as a whole , Simple,
There was a certain limit to the size and weight reduction, and it was not possible to easily indent the material piece.

The present invention thus proposes a new material testing machine which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The material testing machine according to the present invention is, like the conventional material testing machine, an indenter portion having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece, and an indenter for pressing the indenter so that the material piece is indented. And pressing means.

However, in the material testing machine according to the present invention, in the material testing machine having such a configuration, the indenter portion holds the indenter at one free end portion in the axial direction and is in the axial direction on the substrate, and An indenter holder movably provided in a first direction that is a direction toward the material piece and a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a first indenter holder that is biased in the second direction. It has a structure of having a spring. Further, the indenter pressing means is movable on the extension line of the axis of the indenter holder in the third and fourth directions which are the axial direction on the substrate and respectively coincide with the first and second directions. A pressing body provided, a second ridge disposed on the substrate and biasing the pressing body in the first direction, and movable in the first and second directions on the substrate. A pressing blocking / releasing body which is freely arranged and engages with the pressing body when actuated in the second direction; and a pressing blocking / releasing body which is arranged on the substrate and is pressed in the second direction. And a drive means having an operating rod for actuating the press-blocking / releasing body on the substrate in the first direction against the third ridge. It has a configuration of having.

Action / Effect According to the material testing machine of the present invention, if the substrate is previously positioned above the material piece so that the material piece is located under the cartridge mounting means, the drive means is configured. It is possible to make an indentation by pushing the indenter held by the indenter holder that constitutes the indenter into the material piece only by operating the operating rod that is present.
Can be easily added.

Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the indenter pressing means includes the pressing body and the second spring which biases the pressing body.
It has a simple structure including a body for pressing / releasing pressure, a third spring biasing the body, and a drive means having an operating rod. Therefore, the indenter pressing means is small and lightweight. Therefore, the material testing machine as a whole can be simpler, smaller, and lighter than the conventional material testing machine.

Example Next, an example of a material testing machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and has the following configuration.

That is, the substrate 3 is positioned and arranged above the fixed surface 2 on which the material piece 1 is placed via the plurality of legs 5. In this case, the substrate 3 is provided with the frame portion 4 integrally with the substrate 3 from the lower surface thereof. Further, the plurality of legs 5 are attached to the substrate 3 such that the plate surface of the substrate 3 is parallel to the fixed surface 2.

On the substrate 3 described above, from the substantially central position of the lower surface thereof,
A support shaft 6 extends vertically downward from the plate surface of the base plate 3, and a rotary plate 7 on the support shaft 6 cannot move in the axial direction by using a bearing means 8, but the support shaft 6 cannot be moved. It is mounted rotatably around 6.

In this case, the rotary plate 7 has a size smaller than that of the frame portion 4 provided on the substrate 3, and is attached to the support shaft 6 so as to be housed inside the frame portion 4.

Further, the rotary plate 7 is provided with a handle 9 for rotating the rotary plate 7, which extends downward from the outer portion of the lower surface of the rotary plate 7, for example.

Further, two ball receiving grooves 10 and 11 are provided on the outer side of the upper surface of the rotary plate 7, for example, 180 ° when viewed from the axis of the support shaft 6.
The balls 12 and 13 are respectively provided in the ball receiving grooves 10 and 11 at the angular intervals of the rotating plate 7
Is rotatably arranged so as to project from the upper surface of the.

On the other hand, when the rotary plate 7 is rotated on the frame portion 4 provided on the substrate 3 using the handle 9, the balls 12 and 13 described above are rotated.
Has a receiving surface 14 for sequentially receiving and
An elastic piece 15 is attached which has an elastic force to press the balls 12 and 13 toward the bottoms of the ball receiving grooves 10 and 11, respectively, when the balls 12 and 13 are sequentially received.

Further, the rotating plate 7 is provided with an indenter portion 20 provided with an indenter 21 for making an indentation 16 on the material piece 1.

 The indenter section 20 has an indenter holder 22.

In this case, the indenter holding body 22 has the indenter 21 at the lower free end in the axial direction thereof so that its axis coincides with the axis of the indenter holding body 22 and slightly from the lower end surface of the indenter holding body 22. It is detachably held so as to project. In addition, the indenter holder 22
Is a shaft portion 28 in which a pressed portion 26 whose upper end surface is a pressed surface 27 orthogonal to the axis of the indenter holder 22 is integrally provided at the upper end.
The indenter so that its axis matches the axis of the indenter holder 22.
It is extended to the opposite side from the 21st side.

On the other hand, the rotating plate 7 described above is provided with a through hole 29. Therefore, the indenter holder 22 described above is attached to the rotating plate 7 by a shaft portion 28.
Is loosely inserted into the through hole 29, the pressing portion 26 is positioned above the rotary plate 7 and the indenter 21 is positioned below the rotary plate 7, and the indenter holder 22 is used by using the bearing means 30. Movably in a first direction, which is an axial direction of and away from the rotating plate 7 toward the lower side thereof, that is, a direction toward the material piece 1 on the fixed surface 2 and a second direction opposite thereto. It is distributed. In this case, the bearing means 30 has a tubular portion 31 which is integral with the rotary plate 7 and whose lower end surface serves as a receiving surface 32 for receiving the indenter holder 22 from below.

Further, the above-mentioned indenter holder 22 is integrally provided with a collar portion 25 extending outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface at a position below the bearing means 30.

Further, the indenter section 20 described above includes the rotating plate 7 and the indenter holder.
The indenter holder 22, which is inserted between the collar portion 25 of the bearing 22 and the collar portion 25 of the bearing means 30, contacts the receiving surface 32 of the tubular portion 31 of the bearing means 30.
Has a plurality of ribs 33 that are biased in the direction of. In this case, the spring 33 has a force sufficiently smaller than that of the spring 56 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described later.

Further, it has the indenter pressing means provided on the substrate 3 described above.

In this case, the indenter pressing means may be configured by using the indenter pressing cartridge 41 detachably mounted on the substrate 3,
The indenter pressing cartridge 41 has an example configuration described below.

That is, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has, for example, a cylindrical case-like body 43 whose upper end surface and lower end surface are closed by the upper surface portion 44 and the lower surface portion 45, respectively. In this case, the lower surface portion 45 is provided with a relatively large, for example, circular pressing body through hole 47 in the center thereof.

Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has a pressing body 51 which is provided in the case-like body 43 and presses the indenter holding body 22 of the indenter portion 20 described above in the first direction described above.

In this case, the pressing body 51 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface guided by the pressing body through hole 47 provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43, the lower end surface of the indenter portion 20 described above. A pressing surface 52 for pressing the pressed surface 27 of the pressed portion 26 is used.

In addition, the pressing body 51 has an end face that extends outward in the radial direction while keeping an equiangular distance from the upper end portion and is guided by the inner surface of the case-like body 43, and has the lower end as an engaging surface 54. Since the plurality of flange portions 53 are provided, the outer peripheral surface of the pressing body 51 is guided by the through hole 47, and the plurality of collar portions 53 are guided by the inner surface of the case-like body 43. It is movable in a third direction, which is the axial direction of 51, and a direction in which it passes through the through hole 47 for the pressing body and projects downward to the outside of the case-like body 43, and a fourth direction opposite thereto.

Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is inserted in the case-shaped body 43 described above between each of the plurality of flange portions 53 of the pressing body 51 described above and the surface portion 45 of the case-shaped case-shaped body 43. The pressing body through-hole 47, which is arranged above the pressing body 51.
It has a plurality of ridges 56 that are biased in a third direction, which is a direction in which they are guided by and project downward to the outside of the case-like body 43.

Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has a case-like body 43.
There is provided a press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 which is provided in the inside and prevents the above-mentioned pressing body 51 from pressing the indenter holding body 22 of the indenter portion 20 and releases it.

In this case, the pressing preventing / releasing body 61 is a cylindrical body which is guided around the pressing body 51 and is movably arranged in the above-mentioned third and fourth directions. The engagement surface 62 engages with the engagement surfaces 54 of the plurality of flanges 53 of the pressing body 51.

On the other hand, in the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above, the case-shaped body 43 is extended in the axial direction of the case-shaped body 43 at two positions maintaining an angular interval of 180 ° viewed from its axis, and Guide holes 64 and 65 communicating with the inside and outside of the body 43 are provided.

Further, the above-mentioned press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 is extended outward in the radial direction while keeping an angle of 180 ° from the lower end and passing through the guide holes 64 and 65 provided in the above-mentioned case-like body 43. The rod-shaped pressed rods 66 and 67 are provided.

Further, the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 is provided with a plurality of flange portions 63 extending outward in the radial direction at equal intervals from the lower end portion.

Further, the above-mentioned indenter pressing cartridge 41 is arranged in the above-mentioned case-shaped body 43 by being interposed between the upper surface portion 44 and each of the plurality of flange portions 63 of the above-mentioned pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61. And a plurality of springs 68 that bias the press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 in the above-described fourth direction so that the engaging surface 62 thereof engages with the engaging surface 54 of the collar portion 53 of the pressing body 51. Have.

In this case, the plurality of ridges 64 have a plurality of strengths that bias the pressing blocking / releasing body 61 in the fourth direction, but the strength that biases the pressing body 51 in the third direction. Greater than the strength of the fissure 56. For this reason, the pressing body 51 is configured so that if the pressed rods 64 and 65 of the pressing blocking / releasing body 61 are operated rods to be described later.
Assuming that the pressing operation is not performed in the above-described third direction by 91, the upper end surface is biased to be received by the inner surface of the upper surface portion 44 of the case-like body 43.

The above is an example of the structure of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 that can be used to form the indenter-pressing means. Next, the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 is detachably mounted on the substrate 3 from the outside. An example of the cartridge mounting means for this will be described. It has a case-shaped body 71 for accommodating and mounting the indenter pressing cartridge 41.

The case-shaped body 71 has a lower surface portion 72 which is a part of the substrate 3.
A side surface portion 73 and 74 extending upward from the lower surface portion 72 in opposition to each other, a rear surface portion 75 extending upward from the lower surface portion 72 orthogonal to the side surface portions 73 and 74, and a lower surface. 73 and an upper surface portion 76 facing each other.

In this case, the lower surface portion 72 and the upper surface portion 76 include the upper surface portion 44 and the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41.
From the outside of the end face side opposite to the back face 75 side,
Guide grooves 77 and 78 for guiding each are provided on the 75 side. These guide grooves 77 and 78 are formed such that the pressing body through hole 47 provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 and the axis of the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 are the above-mentioned indenters. The rotary plate 7 on which the part 20 is mounted coincides with the axis of the indenter holder 22 of the indenter part 20 when the rotating plate 7 is in the rotating position for receiving the ball 12 on the receiving surface 14 of the bullet piece 15. Up to the position, the upper surface 44 and the lower surface of the case-like body 43
Guide each 45.

Further, on the upper surface portion 76 and the lower surface portion 72 of the case-shaped body 71,
From the end surface side opposite to the back surface portion 75 side, there are provided cartridge removal notches 82 and 83 for easily removing the indenter pressing cartridge 41 housed in the case-shaped body 71 to the outside.

Further, the lower surface portion 72 of the case-shaped body 71 has the upper surface portion 44 and the lower surface portion 45 of the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41, which are guided as described above, of the indenter pressing cartridge 41. It has a through hole 79 for the pressing body that penetrates the lower part of the pressing body 51.

As described above, an example structure of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 that can be used to configure the indenter pressing means and the cartridge mounting means 70 for mounting the same has been clarified. Cartridge for pressing the indenter described above
When configured with 41, the indenter pressing cartridge
It has a drive means 42 for driving the 41 into an operating state, and the drive means 42 has the configuration described below as an example.

That is, the driving means 42 prevents / releases the pressing of the above-mentioned indenter pressing cartridge 41 in a state where the above-mentioned indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the above-mentioned substrate 3 using the above-mentioned cartridge mounting means. Body 61
It has an actuating rod 91 for actuating it in the above-mentioned third direction against the biased above-mentioned spring 68.

In this case, the operating rod 91 is provided in the case-like body 71 with its side surface portion.
The pressing portions 92 and 93 extending in the front-rear direction of the case-shaped body 71 along the inner surfaces of 73 and 74, and the inner surfaces of the back surface portion 75 connecting the pressing portions 92 and 93 and inside the case-shaped body 71. A connecting portion 94 that extends in the left-right direction along, and the connecting portion 94 is provided in advance on the back surface portion 75 of the case-shaped body 71 to extend inside and outside the case-shaped body 71 and in the axial direction of the case-shaped body 71. Has a pressed portion 95 that extends to the outside through a relatively long guide hole 81, and is movably guided in the above-described third and fourth directions (the guide means thereof). Since various values can be taken, detailed description is omitted).

Further, the driving means 42 described above includes a motor 96 mounted from the outside on the back surface portion 75 of the case-shaped body 71 of the cartridge mounting means described above, and a cam 98 mounted on the shaft 97 of the motor 96. Have.

Further, the driving means 42 described above, the operating rod 94 described above,
The pressed portion 95 is engaged with the cam 98 from the side of the substrate 3, but the pressed portions 92 and 93 are separated from the pressed rods 66 and 67 of the pressing blocking / releasing body 61 described above, respectively. It has a rib 100 which is biased to the side opposite to the substrate 3 side.

As described above, an example of the indenter section 20 and the indenter pressing means in the case of being configured using the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has been clarified, but on the substrate 3 described above, if necessary,
Indentation observation means for observing the indentation 15 made on the material piece 1 by the indenter 21 is provided.

An example of this indentation observing means has the optical lens unit 111 provided on the rotating plate 7 described above.

In this case, the optical lens unit 111 is arranged such that the rotary plate 7 is located on the lower surface side of the rotary plate 7 on a circle centered on the axis of the rotary plate 7 in which the indenter holder 22 of the indenter unit 20 is arranged. Cartridge for rotating the ball 13 to the rotation position where the receiving surface 14 of the bullet piece 15 is received and pressing on the substrate 3 as described above.
It is provided so that the optical axis is an extension of the axis of the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 when the 41 is mounted, and the objective side faces the above-mentioned third direction. .

An example of the indentation observation means is the optical lens unit described above.
It has an optical path for indentation observation that optically connects 111 to the outside from the side opposite to the object side.

In this case, the indentation observing optical path includes the pressing body through hole 79 provided on the substrate 3 as described above and the lower surface portion of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above.
The pressing body through-hole 47 provided in 47 is used as a part of the optical path.

On the other hand, the through-light 112 for the optical path is provided so that the side opposite to the objective side of the optical lens section 111 faces the position where the optical lens section 111 of the rotary plate 7 is provided and is coaxial with the optical axis of the optical lens section 111. Is provided, and the through-light 112 for the optical path also serves as an optical path part of a part of the optical path for indentation observation.

In addition, the pressing body of the above-described indenter pressing cartridge 41
A through hole 48 extending through the axis is provided in 51, and the through hole 48 is also an optical path of another part of the optical path for indentation observation.

Further, an optical path through hole provided in the pressing body 51 is provided in the upper surface portion 44 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above.
An optical path through hole 46 that coaxially penetrates with 48 is provided,
The through hole 46 for the optical path also serves as another part of the optical path portion of the optical path for indentation observation.

Further, it is provided on the upper surface portion 76 of the case-shaped body 71 that constitutes the above-mentioned cartridge mounting means, and on the upper surface portion 44 of the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 mounted on the case-shaped body 71. An optical path through hole 80 coaxial with the optical path through hole 46 is provided, and the optical path through hole 80 is also a part of the indentation observing optical path.

On the other hand, on the upper surface portion 76 of the case-shaped body 71 that constitutes the above-described cartridge mounting means 70, the optical path tube 120 has its optical axis orthogonal to the optical axis of the optical lens section 111 described above, and It is provided so as to cover the optical path through hole 80 provided in the upper surface portion 76 of the case-shaped body 71.

In this case, in the optical path tubular body 120, the optical windows 121 and 122 are coaxial with the above-described optical path through hole 80 on the upper surface portion 76 side of the case-shaped body 71 and on the side opposite to the upper surface portion 76 side. And a light source 123 such as a lamp is provided at a position away from the optical windows 121 and 122, and a half mirror 124 is provided at a position facing the optical windows 121 and 122. Is provided at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the optical axis of, and a condenser lens 125 is further provided at a position between the light source 123 and the half mirror 124, and the optical window of the optical path cylinder 120 is provided.
The part including the half mirror 124 between 121 and 122 is used as a further part of the optical path for impression impression.

Further, on the above-described optical path cylinder 120, a cylinder part 131 having the same optical axis as the optical axes of the optical windows 121 and 122, and a cylinder part 132 bent from the cylinder part and extending outward are also provided. The optical path tube body 130 is provided, and the optical path tube body 130 constitutes another part of the optical path for impression impression. In this case, a reflection mirror 133 is provided in the optical path tube body 130 at a bent portion between the tube parts 131 and 132, which is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the optical axes of the tube parts 131 and 132.

Further, the open end portion of the optical path tube body 130 opposite to the optical path tube body 120 side is used as the indentation observation window 134 of the indentation observation optical path.

The above is the configuration of the embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention when the indenter pressing means is configured by using the above-described indenter pressing cartridge 41 and the above-described indentation observing means is provided.

According to the material testing machine of the present invention having such a configuration, the following actions and effects can be obtained.

That is, by rotating the motor 96 of the drive means 42 that constitutes the indenter pressing means, the cam 98 provided on the shaft 97 of the motor 96 is moved to the cam surface portion closest to the shaft 97 as shown in FIG. It is possible to rotate (this is the first cam surface portion) into a state of receiving the pressed portion 95 of the operating rod 91 which is biased in the fourth direction (upward direction) by the spring 100, Therefore, the operating rod 91 can be captured at the position most moved in the fourth direction (this position is referred to as the first position).

Further, in the state where the operating rod 91 is located at such a first position, the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is formed.
Can be accommodated from the outside in the case-shaped body 71 of the cartridge mounting means by being guided by the guide grooves 77 and 78 thereof, so that the indenter pressing cartridge 41 can be accommodated as shown in FIG. It can be mounted on the substrate 3.

In this case, when the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the substrate 3, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is
The pressing body 51 is located at a position facing the through hole 79 of the substrate 3 through the pressing body through hole 47 provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43.

Further, the pressed rods 66 and 7 of the press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 are the pressing portions of the operating rod 91, respectively.
The positions of 92 and 93 are opposite to each other from the substrate 3 side.

Further, the rotating plate 7 can be rotated to a position where the receiving surface 14 of the bullet 15 receives the ball 12 (this is referred to as a first rotating position) by using the handle 9 provided on the rotating plate 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the indenter holder 22 of the indenter section 20 is
The indenter pressing cartridge 41 mounted on the substrate 3 as described above can be positioned below the pressing body 51 and coaxially therewith.

In addition, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the substrate 3 as described above, and the indenter holding body 22 of the indenter portion 20 is positioned below the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 as described above. In the state, the motor 91 causes the cam 98
Can be rotated until the cam surface portion farthest from the shaft 98 (this is the second cam surface portion) receives the pressed portion 95 of the operating rod 91, and the cam 98 is rotated in this manner. Then, the actuating rod 91 is pushed down by the cam 93 against the spring 100 from the above-mentioned first position to the second position in the third direction (downward), thereby pushing the indenter. The pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 of the cartridge 41 is pressed against the spring 68 via the pressing portions 92 and 93 of the operating rod 91 and the pressed rods 66 and 67 of the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61. Body 51
Is pushed down in the third direction on the substrate 3 side from the initial position where the pressing body 51 is pushed up in the fourth direction by engaging with.

Further, in this way, if the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 is pushed down from the initial position in the third direction, the pressing body of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 is pressed.
51 pushes the cartridge 41 for pressing the indenter by the force of the spring 56.
From the initial position received on the inner surface of the upper surface portion 44 of the case-shaped body 43, is pushed down in the third direction on the indenter 20 side,
Therefore, the lower part of the pressing body 51 is the cartridge for pressing the indenter.
Through the pressing body through hole 47 of the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of 41 and the pressing body through hole 79 of the lower surface portion 72 of the case-like body 71 that constitutes the cartridge mounting means, the bottom of the substrate 3 is provided. The pressing surface 52, which is the lower end surface of the pressing body 51, protrudes to the side, and the pressed portion 26 of the indenter holding body 22 that constitutes the indenter portion 20.
The pressed surface 27 of is pressed in the third direction. Therefore, the indenter holding body 22 resists against the spring 33, and from the initial position of the head engaged with the receiving surface 32 of the tubular portion 31 of the bearing means 30 axially supporting the indenter holding body 22, It is pushed down in the direction of 3. Therefore, indenter
21 can be pushed into the material piece 1 with a pressing force corresponding to the force of the bar 56 (actually, the pressing force of the force of the bar 56 minus the force of the bar 33). Indentation on 1
Can be marked with 16.

Further, after the impression 16 is made on the material piece 1 as described above, the motor 98 is rotated to move the cam 98,
The above-mentioned first cam surface can be rotated until it receives the pressed portion 95 of the operating rod 91. Therefore, the operating rod 91 can be rotated.
However, due to the force of the spring 100, in the fourth direction (upward),
The body 68 for moving and returning to the above-described first position is moved and returned from the state in which the body 68 for pressing prevention / release is pushed up by the force of the rib 68 to the above-described initial position of the head in the fourth direction. To do. Further, for this reason, the pressing body 51 is pushed up in the fourth direction to the above-mentioned initial position of the head and returns, and thus the indenter holding body 22 is moved by the force of the spring 33. It moves and returns to the above-mentioned initial position in the second direction. Moreover, for this reason, the material piece 1 is
Then, the indenter 21 is separated from the material piece 1, and the indenter holder 22 is returned to the original position in the state of being received by the receiving surface 32 which is the lower end surface of the tubular portion 31 of the bearing 30. Return.

Also, after the indenter holder 22 returns to the original position as described above, if the rotating plate 7 is rotated to the position where the receiving surface 14 of the bullet piece 15 receives the ball 13 by using the handle 9. The optical lens portion 11 forming the indentation observing means can be positioned on the material piece 1. In this case, the through hole 112 for the optical path of the rotating plate 7, the through hole 79 for the pressing body of the case-like body 71, the through hole 47 for the pressing body of the case-like body 43, the through hole 48 for the optical path of the pressing body 51, Optical path through hole 46 of case 43, case 71
Including the through hole 80 for the optical path, the window 121 for the optical path, the Hough mirror 124, the window 122 for the optical path, and the tube 130 for the optical path, from the side opposite to the objective side of the optical lens unit 11 to the end of the tube 130 for the optical path. The optical path for indentation observation reaching the window for indentation observation formed by the section is configured.

Meanwhile, from the light source 123, through the condenser lens 125, next,
Bend at the position of the half mirror 124 and pass through the optical path window 121,
Next, the through holes 80, 46 and 48 for the optical path, the through hole 4 for the pressing body 4
An illumination optical path reaching the optical lens portion 111 through the optical path through holes 7 and 49 is formed.

Therefore, the illumination optical path and the optical lens unit 11 described above are used.
The material piece 1 is illuminated through 1 and, in that state, the material piece 1
The indentation 16 attached to the can be observed from the outside through the optical lens unit 111 and the above-described optical path for indentation observation.

From the above, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the substrate 3 is preliminarily provided with the cartridge mounting means when the material piece 1 uses the indenter pressing means (when the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is used as the indenter pressing means). Constituting case 7
1) If it is located above the material piece 1 so as to be located below (however, in the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, the rotary plate 7
Is rotated in advance so that the indenter portion 20 is located at the first position below the case-like body 71 that constitutes the cartridge mounting means, and the cartridge mounting on the substrate 3 is carried out. The indenter pressing cartridge 41 forming the indenter pressing means is mounted in advance by using the case-like body 71 forming the same as the means), and the operating rod 91 forming the driving means 42. (In the embodiment described above, the motor
96 and the cam 98) alone to the material piece 1 to the indenter 20
The indenter 21 held by the indenter holder 22 constituting the can be pushed in to make the indentations 16, and thus the material piece 1
In addition, it is possible to easily make the indentation 16.

Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the indenter pressing means is provided on the substrate 1 (when the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above is used as the indenter pressing means, the inside of the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41). ) Disposed or provided on the substrate 1, a spring 56 that biases it, a press-inhibiting / releasing body 61, and a spring 68 that biases it, and an operating rod provided on the substrate 1. Since the indenter pressing means can be made smaller and lighter, the material testing machine as a whole can be configured as follows.
It can be made simpler, smaller, and lighter than the conventional material testing machine.

According to the material testing machine of the present invention, when the indenter pressing means is configured by using the indenter pressing cartridge 41 as in the above-described embodiment, the pressing body 51 is used as the indenter pressing cartridge 41. If a plurality of springs 56 having different biases are prepared in advance, one desired indenter pressing cartridge 41 is selected from the plurality of indenter pressing cartridges 41 at any time, and the indenter pressing is performed. By mounting the cartridge 41 for cartridge on the cartridge mounting means, the pressing force for pressing the indenter 21 toward the material piece 1 can be easily changed to a desired value at any time. Therefore, it is possible to easily make the indentations 16 on the material piece 1 with the pressing force of the indenter 21 against the material piece 1 as a parameter.

Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, as in the case of the above-described embodiment, the indenter pressing means is constituted by using the indenter pressing cartridge 41, and the indenter portion 20 is rotatably attached to the substrate 3. By providing it on the rotary plate 7, the structure provided on the substrate 3 is provided.
When the optical lens unit 111 provided above and the indentation observation means having the optical path for indentation observation are provided, the substrate 3
Is placed above the material piece 1 in advance so that the material piece 1 is located under the cartridge mounting means, and first, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 used in the indenter pressing means is mounted on the cartridge mounting means. Next, or before being mounted, the rotary plate 7 is rotated so that the indenter portion 20 is located at the first position below the indenter pressing means, and then the driving means.
When the operating rod 91 which constitutes 42 is operated, the material piece 1
In addition, the indenter 21 can easily make the indentation 16,
Further, next, after the operating state of the operating rod 91 is released, the rotary plate 7 is rotated to the second position where the optical lens portion 111 is located below the case-shaped body 71, and then the indenter pressing cartridge is obtained.
The optical lens portion 111 can be communicated with the impression impression window 134 of the impression impression optical path by removing 41 from the cartridge mounting means, and therefore, the impression impression window 134 can be externally provided. The indentation 16 formed on the material piece can be easily observed through the use of the optical lens unit 111, and thus the hardness of the material piece can be easily measured.

Further, in this case, the case-shaped body 43 and the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 are respectively inserted into the optical path through holes 46 and 48.
And a pressing body through hole 47 is provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41, and these optical path through holes 46 and 48 and the pressing body through hole 47 are provided.
Since and are the optical path part of the optical path for indentation observation constituting the indentation observation means, as is clear from the above, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 does not have to be taken out from the cartridge mounting means. Indentations made on the material piece 1
16 can be observed, so that the impression 16 made on the material piece 1 can be observed very easily.

In the above description, only one example of the present invention is shown, the rotary plate 7 rotatably provided on the substrate 3 is omitted, and the indenter portion 20 is directly provided on the substrate 3, Further, the indenter pressing means is not configured by using the indenter pressing cartridge 41, and accordingly, the cartridge mounting means is not used, however, the indenter pressing cartridge disposed or provided in the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is used. Body 51, spring 56,
The pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 and the spring 68 are used as members that extend integrally with the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 and the case-shaped body 71 constituting the cartridge mounting means from the substrate 3. Then, various modifications and changes may be made without changing the structure provided on the substrate 3 or the structure for omitting the indentation observing means, and without departing from the spirit of the present invention. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a material testing machine according to the present invention in the case where the indenter pressing means is constructed by using an indenter pressing cartridge. The indenter pressing cartridge is mounted on a substrate and the indenter pressing cartridge is shown. FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which is not operating. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the line II-II. FIG. 3 is a III-III of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG.
It is a schematic cross-sectional view on a line. FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 in a state where the indenter pressing cartridge is operating. FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 in a state in which the indentation observing means observes an indentation made on a material piece. FIG. 6 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an indenter pressing cartridge used in the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the indenter pressing cartridge shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a VIII of the indenter pressing cartridge shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line VIII. 1 …… Material piece 2 …… Fixing surface 3 …… Substrate 4 …… Frame 5 …… Leg 6 …… Spindle 7 …… Rotating plate 8 …… Bearing means 9 …… Handle 10, 11 …… Ball receiving groove 12, 13 …… Ball 14 …… Bullet piece 15 …… Receiving surface 16 …… Indentation 20 …… Indenter 21 …… Indenter 22 …… Indenter holder 23 …… Bottom end surface 24 …… Engagement surface 25 …… Tsuba Part 26 …… Pressed part 27 …… Pressed face 28 …… Shaft part 29 …… Through hole 30 …… Bearing means 31 …… Cylinder part 32 …… Receiving surface 33 …… Spring (first) 41 …… Indenter Pressing cartridge 42 …… Driving means 43 …… Case-shaped body 44 …… Upper surface 45 …… Lower surface portion 46 …… Optical path through hole 47 …… Pressing body through hole 48 …… Optical path through hole 51 …… Pressing body 52 …… Pressing surface 54 …… Engagement surface 56 …… Spring (second) 61 …… Pressing prevention / release body 62 …… Engagement surface 63 …… Flange 64, 65 …… Guide hole 66 , 67 …… Pressed rod 68 …… Spring (3rd) 71 …… Case-like body 72 …… Bottom surface Part 73, 74 …… Side part 75 …… Back part 76 …… Top part 77, 78 …… Guide groove 79 …… Pressing body through hole 80 …… Optical path through hole 81 …… Guide hole 82, 83… … Cartridge removal notch 91 …… Operating rod 92,93 …… Pressing part 94 …… Coupling part 95 …… Pressed part 96 …… Motor 97 …… Shaft 98 …… Cam 100 …… Spring 111 …… Optical lens part 112 ...... Through hole for optical path 120 ...... Tube for optical path 121, 122 ...... Optical window 123 ...... Light source 124 ...... Half mirror 125 ...... Condensing lens 130 ...... Tube for optical path 131, 132 ...... Tube Part 133 …… Reflecting mirror 134 …… Indentation observation window

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A material testing machine comprising: an indenter part having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece; and an indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter so as to make an indentation on the material piece. Holds the indenter at one free end in the axial direction and is movable in a first direction which is an axial direction on the substrate and is a direction facing the material piece and a second direction opposite to the first direction. An indenter holder provided and a first ridge that biases the indenter holder in the second direction, wherein the indenter pressing means is on the substrate in the axial direction and And a third and a fourth which respectively correspond to the second direction
The pressing body movably provided on the extension line of the axis of the indenter holding body in the direction of, and the second protrusion arranged on the substrate and biasing the pressing body in the first direction. A press-blocking / releasing body that is movably arranged in the first and second directions on the substrate and that engages with the pressing body when actuated in the second direction; A third ridge that is arranged and biases the pressing blocking / releasing body in the second direction, and the pressing blocking / releasing body on the substrate against the third rolling, And a drive means having an operating rod for operating in the first direction.