JP2552873B2

JP2552873B2 - Material testing machine

Info

Publication number: JP2552873B2
Application number: JP62202298A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 泰夫石川
Original assignee: Matsuzawa Seiki KK
Current assignee: Matsuzawa Seiki KK
Priority date: 1987-08-13
Filing date: 1987-08-13
Publication date: 1996-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2011-11-13
Also published as: JPS6444831A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】産業上の利用分野本発明は、材料片に、圧子を押込んで、圧痕を付すよ
うになされた、材料片の硬度などを材料片に付された圧
痕から測定するのに用いる材料試験機に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is designed so that an indenter is pressed into a material piece to make an indentation, and the hardness of the material piece is measured from the indentation made on the material piece. Material testing machine used in.

技術の技術従来、材料片に圧痕を付すための圧子を有する圧子部
と、その圧子を材料片に圧痕が付されるように押圧する
圧子押圧手段とを有する材料試験機が種々提案されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various material testing machines having an indenter portion having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece and an indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter so that the indentation is made on the material piece have been proposed. .

発明が解決しようとする問題点しかしながら、従来の材料試験機の場合、圧子を材料
片に向って押圧するための圧子押圧手段が、複雑、大型
であり、このため、材料試験機を、全体として、簡易、
小型、軽量化するのに一定の限度を有していたととも
に、材料片に圧痕を付すのを容易に行うことができなか
った。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the case of the conventional material testing machine, the indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter toward the material piece is complicated and large, and therefore, the material testing machine as a whole , Simple,
There was a certain limit to the size and weight reduction, and it was not possible to easily indent the material piece.

また、従来の材料試験機の場合、圧子押圧手段によっ
て圧子を材料片に向って押圧するときの押圧力を随時所
望の値に変更できないか、できるとしてもそれに多くの
困難を伴うものであった。このため、材料片の硬度など
を、材料片に、圧子の材料片への押圧力をパラメータと
した圧痕を付すことができないか、できるとしてもそれ
を容易に行うことができなかった。Further, in the case of the conventional material testing machine, the pressing force for pressing the indenter toward the material piece by the indenter pressing means cannot be changed to a desired value at any time, or even if it is possible, it involves many difficulties. . Therefore, the hardness of the material piece cannot be imprinted on the material piece with the pressing force of the indenter on the material piece as a parameter, or even if it is possible, it cannot be easily performed.

また、従来、上述した圧子部と上述した圧子押圧手段
とを有する外、圧子によって材料片に付される圧痕を観
察するための圧痕観察手段を有する材料試験機も提案さ
れているが、その圧痕観察手段が大型、複雑であり、こ
のため、材料試験機を全体として、簡易、小型、軽量化
するのに一定の限度を有していたとともに、圧痕観察手
段を用いた圧痕の観察を容易に行うことができず、よっ
て、材料片の硬度などを容易に測定することができなか
った。Further, conventionally, in addition to having the indenter section and the indenter pressing means described above, a material testing machine having an indentation observing means for observing an indentation made on a material piece by the indenter has also been proposed. The observing means is large and complicated, and therefore, the material testing machine as a whole has a certain limit to be simple, small, and lightweight, and it is easy to observe the indentations using the indentation observing means. Therefore, the hardness of the material piece could not be easily measured.

問題点を解決するための手段よって、本発明は、上述した欠点のない、新規な材料
試験機を提案せんとするものである。The present invention thus proposes a new material testing machine which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.

本願第１、第２及び第３番目の発明による材料試験機
は、従来の材料試験機の場合と同様に、材料片に圧痕を
付すための圧子を有する圧子部と、上記圧子を上記材料
片に圧痕が付されるように押圧する圧子押圧手段とを有
する。The material testing machine according to the first, second, and third inventions of the present application is, like the conventional material testing machine, an indenter portion having an indenter for making an indent on the material piece, and the indenter is the material piece. And an indenter pressing means for pressing so that an indentation is formed on the.

しかしながら、本願第１番目の発明による材料試験機
は、このような構成を有する材料試験機において、次に
述べる構成を有する。However, the material testing machine according to the first invention of the present application has the following configuration in the material testing machine having such a configuration.

すなわち、上記圧子部が、軸方向の一方の遊端部に上
記圧子を保持し且つ基板上に軸方向であり且つ上記材料
片に向う方向である第１の方向及びそれとは反対の第２
の方向に可動自在に設けられた圧子保持体と、該圧子保
持体を上記第２の方向に偏倚している第１の発条とを有
する。That is, the indenter portion holds the indenter at one free end portion in the axial direction and is on the substrate in the first direction which is the axial direction and the direction toward the material piece and the second direction opposite to the first direction.
The indenter holder is provided so as to be movable in the above direction, and the first spring which biases the indenter holder in the second direction.

また、上記圧子押圧手段が、圧子押圧用カートリッジ
と、該圧子押圧用カートリッジを作動状態に駆動させる
駆動手段とを有する。Further, the indenter pressing means has an indenter pressing cartridge and a driving means for driving the indenter pressing cartridge into an operating state.

さらに、上記圧子押圧用カートリッジが、押圧用体用
貫通孔を設けている第１の面部を有するケース状体と、
該ケース状体内に軸方向であり且つ上記押圧用体用貫通
孔内を通って上記ケース状体外に突出する方向である第
３の方向及びそれとは反対の第４の方向に可動自在に設
けられた押圧用体と、上記ケース状体内に配され且つ上
記押圧用体を上記第３の方向に偏倚している第２の発条
と、上記ケース状体内に上記第３及び第４の方向に可動
自在に配され且つ上記第４の方向への作動によって上記
押圧用体と係合する押圧阻止・解除用体と、上記ケース
状体内に配され且つ上記押圧阻止・解除用体を上記第４
の方向に偏倚している第３の発条とを有する。Further, the indenter pressing cartridge has a case-shaped body having a first surface portion provided with a pressing body through hole,
It is movably provided in a third direction that is an axial direction in the case-shaped body and a direction that protrudes outside the case-shaped body through the inside of the through hole for the pressing body and a fourth direction opposite thereto. A pressing body, a second spring arranged in the case-shaped body and biasing the pressing body in the third direction, and movable in the case-shaped body in the third and fourth directions. The pressing blocking / releasing body, which is freely arranged and engages with the pressing body when actuated in the fourth direction, and the pressing blocking / releasing body, which is arranged in the case-shaped body and includes the fourth body
And a third ridge that is biased in the direction of.

また、上記基板に、上記圧子押圧用カートリッジを、
その上記押圧用体の軸が上記圧子部の圧子保持体の軸の
延長上にあり且つ上記第３の方向が上記第１の方向と一
致するように着脱自在に装架するカートリッジ装架手段
が設けられている。In addition, on the substrate, the indenter pressing cartridge,
There is provided cartridge mounting means for mounting the shaft of the pressing body on an extension of the shaft of the indenter holder of the indenter and detachably mounting so that the third direction coincides with the first direction. It is provided.

さらに、上記駆動手段が、上記基板上に上記カートリ
ッジ装架設手段によって装架されている状態における上
記圧子押圧用カートリッジでの押圧阻止・解除用体を、
上記第３の発条に抗して、上記第３の方向に作動させる
作動杆を有する。Furthermore, the driving means is a pressing blocking / releasing body in the indenter pressing cartridge in a state where the driving means is mounted on the substrate by the cartridge mounting means.
It has an operating rod for actuating in the third direction against the third spring.

また、本願第２番目の発明による材料試験機は、次の
事項を除いて、本願第１番目の発明による材料試験機と
同様の構成を有する。The material testing machine according to the second invention of the present application has the same configuration as the material testing machine according to the first invention of the present application except for the following matters.

すなわち、上記圧子によって上記材料片に付される圧
痕を観察するための圧痕観察手段を有する。That is, it has an indentation observation means for observing an indentation made on the material piece by the indenter.

また、圧子部を構成している圧子保持体が、基板上に
第１及び第２の回動位置間に回動自在な回転板上にそれ
を本願第１番目の発明による材料試験機の場合の基板と
して設けられている。In addition, in the case of the material testing machine according to the first invention of the present application, the indenter holder that constitutes the indenter portion is mounted on the rotating plate that is rotatable between the first and second rotating positions on the substrate. It is provided as a substrate.

さらに、圧痕観察手段が、光学レンズ部と、該光学レ
ンズ部をその対物側とは反対側から外部に光学的に連通
させ且つ上記光学レンズ部とは反対側に圧痕観察用窓を
有する圧痕観察用光学路とを有する。Further, the indentation observation means has an optical lens section and an indentation observation window which optically communicates the optical lens section to the outside from the side opposite to the objective side and has an indentation observation window on the side opposite to the optical lens section. And an optical path for use.

また、上記光学レンズ部が、上記回転板上に、上記圧
子部の圧子保持体が配されている上記回転板の軸を中心
とする円上において、上記回転板が上記第２の回動位置
に回動し且つ上記圧子押圧用カートリッジが上記基板上
に装架されている状態における、上記圧子押圧用カート
リッジの押圧用体の軸の延長上に光軸があるように且つ
対物側が上記第３の方向に向いているように設けられて
いる。Further, the optical lens unit is arranged on the rotary plate on a circle around the axis of the rotary plate on which the indenter holder of the indenter unit is arranged, and the rotary plate is at the second rotation position. The optical axis is located on the extension of the axis of the pressing body of the indenter pressing cartridge when the indenter pressing cartridge is mounted on the substrate, and the objective side is the third side. It is provided so as to face in the direction of.

さらに、本願第３番目の発明による材料試験機は、次
の事項を除いて、本願第２番目の発明による材料試験機
と同様の構成を有する。Further, the material testing machine according to the third invention of the present application has the same configuration as the material testing machine according to the second invention of the present application, except for the following matters.

すなわち、上記圧子押圧用カートリッジの押圧用体に
その軸を軸とする第１の光路用貫通孔が設けられ、ま
た、上記圧子押圧用カートリッジのケース状体の上記第
１の面部に対向する第２の面部に上記第１の光路用貫通
孔と同軸的な第２の光路用貫通孔が設けられ、さらに、
上記圧痕観察用光路が、上記第１及び第２の光路用貫通
孔、及び上記圧子押圧用カートリッジのケース状体の上
記第１の面部に設けられた押圧用体用貫通孔を一部の光
路部としている、という構成を有する。That is, the pressing body of the indenter pressing cartridge is provided with a first through hole for an optical path having its axis as an axis, and the pressing body is opposed to the first surface portion of the case-shaped body of the indenter pressing cartridge. A second optical path through hole coaxial with the first optical path through hole is provided on the second surface portion, and further,
The optical path for indentation observation has a part of the optical path through the through holes for the first and second optical paths and the through hole for the pressing body provided in the first surface portion of the case-shaped body of the indenter pressing cartridge. It has a structure of being a part.

作用・効果本願第１番目の発明による材料試験機によれば、基板
を、予め、材料片がカートリッジ装架手段下に位置する
ように、材料片の上方位置に位置させておけば、まず、
基板上のカートリッジ装架手段に、圧子押圧手段を構成
している圧子押圧用カートリッジを装架し、次に、駆動
手段を構成している作動杆を作動させるだけで、材料片
に、圧子部を構成している圧子保持体に保持されている
圧子を押込んで、圧痕を付すことができ、よって、材料
片に、圧痕を付すのを容易に、行うことができる。Action / Effect According to the material testing machine according to the first invention of the present application, if the substrate is previously positioned above the material piece so that the material piece is located under the cartridge mounting means, first,
The indenter pressing cartridge forming the indenter pressing means is mounted on the cartridge mounting means on the substrate, and then the operating rod forming the driving means is operated. The indenter held by the indenter holder constituting the above can be pushed to make an indentation, and thus the material piece can be easily indented.

また、本願第１番目の発明による材料試験機によれ
ば、圧子押圧手段が、圧子押圧用カートリッジと、それ
を作動状態に駆動させる駆動手段とを有し、そして、圧
子押圧用カートリッジが、ケース状体内に、押圧用体
と、それを偏倚している第２の発条と、押圧阻止・解除
用体と、それを偏倚している第３の発条とを配しまたは
設けているという簡易な構成を有し、また、このため、
圧子押圧用カートリッジを小型化、軽量化し得るので、
材料試験機を、全体として、従来の材料試験機の場合に
比し、簡易、小型、軽量化することができる。Further, according to the material testing machine of the first invention of the present application, the indenter pressing means includes the indenter pressing cartridge and the driving means for driving the indenter pressing cartridge to the operating state, and the indenter pressing cartridge is the case. A simple structure in which a pressing body, a second ridge that biases the pressing body, a pressing blocking / releasing body, and a third ridge that biases the pressing body are arranged or provided in the body. Has a configuration and also for this
Since the indenter pressing cartridge can be made smaller and lighter,
The material testing machine as a whole can be made simpler, smaller and lighter than the conventional material testing machine.

さらに、本願第１番目の発明による材料試験機によれ
ば、圧子押圧手段に圧子押圧用カートリッジを用いてい
るので、その圧子押圧用カートリッジとして、押圧用体
を偏倚している第２の発条の力が互に異なるものを予め
複数用意しておけば、それら複数の圧子押圧用カートリ
ッジから、随時所望の１つの圧子押圧用カートリッジを
選択し、その圧子押圧用カートリッジをカートリッジ装
架手段に装架させることによって、圧子を材料片に向っ
て押込むときの押圧力を、随時所望の値に、容易に、変
更することができる。このため、材料片に、圧子の材料
片への押圧力をパラメータとした圧痕を、容易に付すこ
とができる。Further, according to the material testing machine according to the first invention of the present application, since the indenter pressing cartridge is used as the indenter pressing means, the indenter pressing cartridge is used as the indenter pressing cartridge of the second spring. If a plurality of indenters having different forces are prepared in advance, one desired indenter pressing cartridge is selected from the plurality of indenter pressing cartridges at any time, and the indenter pressing cartridge is mounted on the cartridge mounting means. By doing so, the pressing force for pressing the indenter toward the material piece can be easily changed to a desired value at any time. Therefore, it is possible to easily make indentations on the material piece with the pressing force of the indenter on the material piece as a parameter.

また、本願第２番目の発明による材料試験機によれ
ば、基板を、予め、材料片がカートリッジ装架手段下に
位置するように、材料片の上方位置に位置させておき、
まず、カートリッジ装架手段に、圧子押圧手段を構成し
ている圧子押圧用カートリッジを装架し、次にまたはそ
の前に、回転板を、圧子部がカートリッジ装架手段下に
位置する第１の位置に位置するように回動させ、次に、
駆動手段を構成している作動杆を作動させれば、材料片
に、圧子によって、圧痕を容易に付すことができ、ま
た、次に、作動杆の作動状態を解除させて後、回転板
を、光学レンズ部がカートリッジ装架手段下に位置する
第２の位置まで回動させれば、圧子押圧用カートリッジ
をカートリッジ装架手段から取出すことによってまたは
取出すことなしに、光学レンズ部を圧痕観察手段を構成
している圧痕観察用光学路の圧痕観察用窓に連通させる
ことができ、従って、外部から、圧痕観察用窓を介し且
つ光学レンズ部を用いて、材料片に付された圧痕を容易
に観察することができ、よって、材料片の硬度などを容
易に測定することができる。Further, according to the material testing machine of the second invention of the present application, the substrate is previously positioned above the material piece so that the material piece is located under the cartridge mounting means.
First, the indenter pressing cartridge constituting the indenter pressing means is mounted on the cartridge mounting means, and then or before that, the rotary plate is mounted on the cartridge mounting means so that the indenter portion is located under the cartridge mounting means. Swivel to position, then
When the operating rod that constitutes the drive means is operated, an indentation can be easily made on the material piece by the indenter.Next, after releasing the operating state of the operating rod, the rotating plate is removed. By rotating the optical lens portion to a second position below the cartridge mounting means, the optical lens portion may be removed by or without removing the indenter pressing cartridge from the cartridge mounting means. Can be communicated with the indentation observation window of the optical path for indentation observation, which makes it easy to externally make indentations on the material piece through the indentation observation window and by using the optical lens section. Therefore, the hardness and the like of the material piece can be easily measured.

さらに、本願第３番目の発明による材料試験機によれ
ば、圧子押圧用カートリッジのケース状体及び押圧用体
にそれぞれ光路用貫通孔を予め設けておけば、それら光
路用貫通孔を圧子押圧用カートリッジのケース状体の下
面部に設けられている押圧用体用貫通孔とともに圧痕観
察用手段を構成している圧痕観察用光学路の一部の光路
部としているので、上述したところから明らかなよう
に、圧子押圧用カートリッジをカートリッジ装架手段か
ら取出さなくても、材料片に付された圧痕を観察するこ
とができ、よって、材料片に付された圧痕の観察を、極
めて容易に行うことができる。Further, according to the material testing machine according to the third invention of the present application, if the case-like body and the pressing body of the indenter pressing cartridge are provided with the through holes for the optical path in advance, the through holes for the optical path are used for pressing the indenter. Since it is an optical path part of the optical path for indentation observation that constitutes the indentation observation means together with the through hole for the pressing body provided in the lower surface of the case-shaped body of the cartridge, it is clear from the above description. As described above, it is possible to observe the indentation made on the material piece without removing the indenter pressing cartridge from the cartridge mounting means, and therefore, it is extremely easy to observe the indentation made on the material piece. be able to.

実施例次に、図面を伴って、本発明による材料試験機の実施
例を述べるに、次に述べる構成を有する。Example Next, an example of a material testing machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and has the following configuration.

すなわち、材料片１が載置される固定面２の上方に複
数の脚５を介して位置決めして配される基板３を有す
る。この場合、基板３には、その下面から、これと一体
に、枠不４が設けられている。また、複数の脚５は、基
板３に、その基板３の板面が固定面２と平行になるよう
に取付けられている。That is, the substrate 3 is positioned and arranged above the fixed surface 2 on which the material piece 1 is placed via the plurality of legs 5. In this case, the frame 3 is provided on the substrate 3 from the lower surface thereof integrally with the substrate 3. Further, the plurality of legs 5 are attached to the substrate 3 such that the plate surface of the substrate 3 is parallel to the fixed surface 2.

上述した基板３には、その下面のほぼ中央位置から、
基板３の板面と垂直方向に下方に延長して支軸６が植立
され、その支軸６上に、回転板７が、軸受手段８を用い
て、軸方向には可動できないが支軸６の周りに回転自在
に取付けられている。On the substrate 3 described above, from the substantially central position of the lower surface thereof,
A support shaft 6 extends vertically downward from the plate surface of the base plate 3, and a rotary plate 7 on the support shaft 6 cannot move in the axial direction by using a bearing means 8, but the support shaft 6 cannot be moved. It is mounted rotatably around 6.

この場合、回転板７は、基板３に設けた枠部４よりも
小さな大きさを有し、そして、支軸６に、枠部４内に内
装されるように取付けられている。In this case, the rotary plate 7 has a size smaller than that of the frame portion 4 provided on the substrate 3, and is attached to the support shaft 6 so as to be housed inside the frame portion 4.

さらに、回転板７には、その例えば下面の外側部から
下方に延長している、回転板７を回転させるためのハン
ドル９が設けられている。Further, the rotary plate 7 is provided with a handle 9 for rotating the rotary plate 7, which extends downward from the outer portion of the lower surface of the rotary plate 7, for example.

また、回転板７の例えば上面の外側部に、２つのボー
ル受用溝10及び11が、支軸６の軸からみて例えば180°
の角間隔を保って設けられ、そして、それらボール受用
溝10及び11内に、ボール12及び13が、それぞれ回転板７
の上面から突出するように且つ回転自在に配されてい
る。Further, two ball receiving grooves 10 and 11 are provided on the outer side of the upper surface of the rotary plate 7, for example, 180 ° when viewed from the axis of the support shaft 6.
The balls 12 and 13 are respectively provided in the ball receiving grooves 10 and 11 at the angular intervals of the rotating plate 7
Is rotatably arranged so as to project from the upper surface of the.

一方、基板３に設けられた枠部４に、回転板７をハン
ドル９を用いて回転させたとき上述したボール12及び13
を順次に受ける受面14を有し且つこのようにしてボール
12及び13を順次受けたときにそれらボール12及び13をそ
れぞれボール受用溝10及び11の底に向って押圧する弾力
を有する弾片15が取付けられている。On the other hand, when the rotary plate 7 is rotated on the frame portion 4 provided on the substrate 3 using the handle 9, the balls 12 and 13 described above are rotated.
Has a receiving surface 14 for sequentially receiving and
An elastic piece 15 is attached which has an elastic force to press the balls 12 and 13 toward the bottoms of the ball receiving grooves 10 and 11, respectively, when the balls 12 and 13 are sequentially received.

また、回転板７には、材料片１に圧痕16を付すための
圧子21を設けている圧子部20が設けられている。Further, the rotating plate 7 is provided with an indenter portion 20 provided with an indenter 21 for making an indentation 16 on the material piece 1.

この圧子部20は、圧子保持体22を有する。 The indenter section 20 has an indenter holder 22.

この場合、圧子保持体22は、その軸方向の下側の遊端
部に、圧子21を、その軸が圧子保持体22の軸と一致する
ように且つ圧子保持体22の下端面からわずかに突出する
ように着脱自在に保持している。また、圧子保持体22
は、上端面を圧子保持体22の軸と直交する被押圧面27と
している被押圧部26を上端に一体に設けている軸部28
を、その軸が圧子保持体22の軸と一致するように、圧子
21側とは反対側に延長させている。In this case, the indenter holding body 22 has the indenter 21 at the lower free end in the axial direction thereof so that its axis coincides with the axis of the indenter holding body 22 and slightly from the lower end surface of the indenter holding body 22. It is detachably held so as to project. In addition, the indenter holder 22
Is a shaft portion 28 in which a pressed portion 26 whose upper end surface is a pressed surface 27 orthogonal to the axis of the indenter holder 22 is integrally provided at the upper end.
The indenter so that its axis matches the axis of the indenter holder 22.
It is extended to the opposite side from the 21st side.

一方、上述した回転板７に、貫通孔29が設けられ、し
かして、上述した圧子保持体22が、回転板７に、軸部28
を貫通孔29内に緩挿させ、押圧部26を回転板７の上方に
位置させ且つ圧子21を回転板７の下方に位置させた状態
にして、軸受手段30を用いて、圧子保持体22の軸方向で
あり且つ回転板７からその下側に向って離れる方向、従
って、固定面２上の材料片１に向う方向である第１の方
向及びそれとは反対の第２の方向に可動自在に配されて
いる。この場合、軸受手段30は、回転板７と一体であり
且つ下端面を下側から圧子保持体22を受ける受面32とし
ている筒部31を有する。On the other hand, the rotating plate 7 described above is provided with a through hole 29. Therefore, the indenter holder 22 described above is attached to the rotating plate 7 by a shaft portion 28.
Is loosely inserted into the through hole 29, the pressing portion 26 is positioned above the rotary plate 7 and the indenter 21 is positioned below the rotary plate 7, and the indenter holder 22 is used by using the bearing means 30. Is movable in a first direction which is an axial direction of the rotary plate 7 and away from the rotary plate 7 toward the lower side thereof, and thus a direction opposite to the material piece 1 on the fixed surface 2 and a second direction opposite thereto. It is located in. In this case, the bearing means 30 has a tubular portion 31 which is integral with the rotary plate 7 and whose lower end surface serves as a receiving surface 32 for receiving the indenter holder 22 from below.

また、上述した圧子保持体22は、軸受手段30の下方位
置において、外周面から輻方向に外方に延長している鍔
部25を一体に設けている。Further, the above-mentioned indenter holder 22 is integrally provided with a collar portion 25 extending outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface at a position below the bearing means 30.

さらに、上述した圧子部20は、回転板７と圧子保持体
22の鍔部25との間に介挿された、圧子保持体22を、それ
が軸受手段30の筒部31の受面32に当接するように、第２
の方向に偏倚している複数の発条33を有する。この場
合、発条33は、後述する圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の発
条56に比し十分小さな力しか有していない。Further, the indenter section 20 described above includes the rotating plate 7 and the indenter holder.
The indenter holder 22, which is inserted between the collar portion 25 of the bearing 22 and the collar portion 25 of the bearing means 30, contacts the receiving surface 32 of the tubular portion 31 of the bearing means 30.
Has a plurality of ribs 33 that are biased in the direction of. In this case, the spring 33 has a force sufficiently smaller than that of the spring 56 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described later.

また、上述した基板３上に着脱自在に装着される圧子
押圧用カートリッジ41と、その圧子押圧用カートリッジ
41を作動状態に駆動させる、基板３上に設けられた駆動
手段42とを有する圧子押圧手段を有する。Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 detachably mounted on the above-mentioned substrate 3 and the indenter pressing cartridge 41
And an indenter pressing means having a driving means 42 provided on the substrate 3 for driving the 41 into an operating state.

この圧子押圧手段の圧子押圧用カートリッジ41は、次
に述べる一例構成を有する。The indenter pressing cartridge 41 of the indenter pressing means has an example configuration described below.

すなわち、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41は、上端面及び
下端面がそれぞれ上面部44及び下面部45によって閉塞さ
れている例えば円筒状のケース状体43を有する。この場
合、下面部45には、その中央部に比較的大きな例えば円
形の押圧用体用貫通孔47が設けられている。That is, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has, for example, a cylindrical case-like body 43 whose upper end surface and lower end surface are closed by the upper surface portion 44 and the lower surface portion 45, respectively. In this case, the lower surface portion 45 is provided with a relatively large, for example, circular pressing body through hole 47 in the center thereof.

また、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41は、ケース状体43内
に設けられた、上述した圧子部20の圧子保持体22を上述
した第１の方向に向って押圧する押圧用体51を有する。Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has a pressing body 51 which is provided in the case-like body 43 and presses the indenter holding body 22 of the indenter portion 20 described above in the first direction described above.

この場合、押圧用体51は、ケース状体43の下面部45に
設けられた押圧用体用貫通孔47によって案内される円筒
状外周面を有し、その下端面を上述した圧子部20の被押
圧部26の被押圧面27を押圧する押圧面52としている。In this case, the pressing body 51 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface guided by the pressing body through hole 47 provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43, the lower end surface of the indenter portion 20 described above. A pressing surface 52 for pressing the pressed surface 27 of the pressed portion 26 is used.

また、押圧用体51には、上端部から等角隔を保って輻
方向に外方に延長し且つケース状体43の内面によって案
内される端面を有し且つ下端を係合面54としている複数
の鍔部53が設けられ、よって、押圧用体51が、その外周
面が貫通孔47によって案内され且つ複数の鍔部53がケー
ス状体43の内面によって案内されることによって、押圧
用体51の軸方向であり且つ押圧用体用貫通孔47内を通っ
てケース状体43外に下方に突出する方向である第３の方
向及びそれとは反対の第４の方向に可動自在である。In addition, the pressing body 51 has an end face that extends outward in the radial direction while keeping an equiangular distance from the upper end portion and is guided by the inner surface of the case-like body 43, and has the lower end as an engaging surface 54. Since the plurality of flange portions 53 are provided, the outer peripheral surface of the pressing body 51 is guided by the through hole 47, and the plurality of collar portions 53 are guided by the inner surface of the case-like body 43. It is movable in a third direction, which is the axial direction of 51, and a direction in which it passes through the through hole 47 for the pressing body and projects downward to the outside of the case-like body 43, and a fourth direction opposite thereto.

また、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41は、上述した、ケー
ス状体43内に、上述した押圧用体51の複数の鍔部53のそ
れぞれとケース状体ケース状体43の面部45との間に介挿
して配され且つ押圧用体51を上述した押圧用体用貫通孔
47によって案内させてケース状体43外に下方に突出させ
る方向である第３の方向に偏倚している複数の発条56を
有する。Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is inserted in the case-shaped body 43 described above between each of the plurality of flange portions 53 of the pressing body 51 described above and the surface portion 45 of the case-shaped body case-shaped body 43. Through-hole for the pressing body described above
It has a plurality of ribs 56 which are biased in a third direction, which is a direction in which they are guided by 47 and protrude downward to the outside of the case-like body 43.

さらに、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41は、ケース状体43
内に設けられた、上述した押圧用体51が圧子部20の圧子
保持体22を押圧するのを阻止しまたそれを解除する押圧
阻止・解除用体61を有する。Further, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has a case-like body 43.
There is provided a press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 which is provided in the inside and prevents the above-mentioned pressing body 51 from pressing the indenter holding body 22 of the indenter portion 20 and releases it.

この場合、押圧阻止・解除用体61は、押圧用体51の周
りにそれに案内されて上述した第３及び第４の方向に可
動自在に配された円筒状体でなり、また、上端面を押圧
用体51の複数の鍔部53の係合面54と係合する係合面62と
している。In this case, the pressing preventing / releasing body 61 is a cylindrical body which is guided around the pressing body 51 and is movably arranged in the above-mentioned third and fourth directions. The engagement surface 62 engages with the engagement surfaces 54 of the plurality of flanges 53 of the pressing body 51.

一方、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の上述したケース状
体43には、その軸からみた180°の角間隔を保つ２つの
位置に、ケース状体43の軸方向に比較的長く延長し、且
つケース状体43の内外に連通している案内孔64及び65が
設けられている。On the other hand, in the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above, the case-shaped body 43 is extended in the axial direction of the case-shaped body 43 at two positions maintaining an angular interval of 180 ° viewed from its axis, and Guide holes 64 and 65 communicating with the inside and outside of the body 43 are provided.

また、上述した押圧阻止・解除用体61には、下端部か
ら180°の角隔を保ち且つ上述したケース状体43に設け
た案内孔64及び65を通って輻方向に外方に延長している
棒状の被押圧杆66及び67が設けられている。Further, the above-mentioned press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 is extended outward in the radial direction while keeping an angle of 180 ° from the lower end and passing through the guide holes 64 and 65 provided in the above-mentioned case-like body 43. The rod-shaped pressed rods 66 and 67 are provided.

さらに、押圧阻止・解除用体61には、下端部から等間
隔を保って輻方向に外方に延長している複数の鍔部63が
設けられている。Further, the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 is provided with a plurality of flange portions 63 extending outward in the radial direction at equal intervals from the lower end portion.

また、上述した圧子押圧用カートリッジ41は、上述し
たケース状体43内に、その上面部44と上述した押圧阻止
・解除用体61の複数の鍔部63のそれぞれとの間に介挿し
て配され且つ押圧阻止・解除用体61をその係合面62が押
圧用体51の鍔部53の係合面54と係合するように上述した
第４の方向に偏倚している複数の発条68を有する。Further, the above-mentioned indenter pressing cartridge 41 is arranged in the above-mentioned case-shaped body 43 by being interposed between the upper surface portion 44 and each of the plurality of flange portions 63 of the above-mentioned pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61. And a plurality of springs 68 that bias the press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 in the above-described fourth direction so that the engaging surface 62 thereof engages with the engaging surface 54 of the collar portion 53 of the pressing body 51. Have.

この場合、複数の発条64は、上述した押圧阻止・解除
用体61を第４の方向に偏倚している強さが、上述した押
圧用体51を第３の方向に偏倚している複数の発条56の強
さよりも大である。このため、押圧用体51は、もし押圧
阻止・解除用体61の被押圧杆64及び65が後述する作動杆
91によって上述した第３の方向に押圧作動させられてい
ないとすれば、上端面がケース状体43の上面部44の内面
に受けられるように偏倚されている。In this case, the plurality of ridges 64 have a plurality of strengths that bias the pressing blocking / releasing body 61 in the fourth direction, but the strength that biases the pressing body 51 in the third direction. Greater than the strength of the fissure 56. For this reason, the pressing body 51 is configured so that if the pressed rods 64 and 65 of the pressing blocking / releasing body 61 are operated rods to be described later.
Assuming that the pressing operation is not performed in the above-described third direction by 91, the upper end surface is biased to be received by the inner surface of the upper surface portion 44 of the case-like body 43.

以上が、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の一例構成である
が、次に、その圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を上述した基
板３上に外部から着脱自在に装架させるためのカートリ
ッジ装架手段の一例について述べるに、カートリッジ装
架手段は、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を収容装架するケ
ース状体71を有する。The above is an example of the structure of the indenter pressing cartridge 41. Next, an example of the cartridge mounting means for removably mounting the indenter pressing cartridge 41 on the above-mentioned substrate 3 from the outside will be described. The cartridge mounting means has a case-like body 71 for accommodating and mounting the indenter pressing cartridge 41.

このケース状体71は、基板３の一部でなる下面部72
と、その下面部72から相対向して上方に延長している側
面部73及び74と、下面部72から側面部73及び74と直交し
て上方に延長している背面部75と、下部面73と対向して
いる上面部76とを有する。The case-shaped body 71 has a lower surface portion 72 which is a part of the substrate 3.
A side surface portion 73 and 74 extending upward from the lower surface portion 72 in opposition to each other, a rear surface portion 75 extending upward from the lower surface portion 72 orthogonal to the side surface portions 73 and 74, and a lower surface. 73 and an upper surface portion 76 facing each other.

この場合、下面部72及び上面部76には、圧子押圧用カ
ートリッジ41のケース状体43の上面部44及び下面部45
を、背面部75側とは反対側の端面側の外方から、背面部
75側に、それぞれ案内する案内溝77及び78が設けられて
いる。これら案内溝77及び78は、圧子押圧用カートリッ
ジ41のケース状体43の下面部45に設けた押圧用体用貫通
孔47及び圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧用体51の軸
が、上述した圧子部20を装架している回転板７がその上
述したボール12を弾片15の受面14に受けさせている回動
位置にある場合における圧子部20の圧子保持体22の軸と
一致する位置まで、ケース状体43の上面部44及び下面部
45をそれぞれ案内する。In this case, the lower surface portion 72 and the upper surface portion 76 include the upper surface portion 44 and the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41.
From the outside of the end face side opposite to the back face 75 side,
Guide grooves 77 and 78 for guiding each are provided on the 75 side. These guide grooves 77 and 78 are formed such that the pressing body through hole 47 provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 and the axis of the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 are the above-mentioned indenters. The rotary plate 7 on which the part 20 is mounted coincides with the axis of the indenter holder 22 of the indenter part 20 when the rotating plate 7 is in the rotating position for receiving the ball 12 on the receiving surface 14 of the bullet piece 15. Up to the position, the upper surface 44 and the lower surface of the case-like body 43
Guide each 45.

さらに、ケースー状体71の上面部76及び下面部72に
は、背面部75側とは反対側の端面側から、ケース状体71
内に収容された圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を容易に外部
に取出すためのカートリッジ取出用切欠82及び83が設け
られている。Further, the upper surface portion 76 and the lower surface portion 72 of the case-shaped body 71 are attached to the case-shaped body 71 from the end surface side opposite to the back surface portion 75 side.
Cartridge ejection notches 82 and 83 are provided for easily ejecting the indenter pressing cartridge 41 housed inside.

また、上述したケース状体71の下面部72には、圧子押
圧用カートリッジ41のケース状体43の上面部44及び下面
部45が上述したように案内された状態において、圧子押
圧用カートリッジ41の押圧用体51の下部を貫通させる押
圧用体用貫通孔79を有する。Further, the lower surface portion 72 of the case-shaped body 71 has the upper surface portion 44 and the lower surface portion 45 of the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41, which are guided as described above, of the indenter pressing cartridge 41. It has a through hole 79 for the pressing body that penetrates the lower part of the pressing body 51.

以上で、基板３上に圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を装架
するためのカートリッジ装架手段70の一例構成が明らか
となったが、上述した圧子押圧用カートリッジ41ととも
に圧子押圧手段を構成している、圧子押圧用カートリッ
ジ41を作動状態に駆動する駆動手段42は、一例として、
次に述べる構成を有する。As described above, an example of the structure of the cartridge mounting means 70 for mounting the indenter pressing cartridge 41 on the substrate 3 has been clarified. The indenter pressing cartridge 41 and the above-described indenter pressing cartridge 41 constitute the indenter pressing means. The drive means 42 for driving the indenter pressing cartridge 41 to the operating state is, for example,
It has the following configuration.

すなわち、駆動手段42は、上述した圧子押圧用カート
リッジ41が上述したカートリッジ装架手段を用いて上述
した基板３上に装架されている状態において、上述した
圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧阻止・解除用体61を、
それを偏倚している上述した発条68に抗して、上述した
第３の方向に作動させる作動杆91を有する。That is, the driving means 42 prevents / releases the pressing of the above-mentioned indenter pressing cartridge 41 in a state where the above-mentioned indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the above-mentioned substrate 3 using the above-mentioned cartridge mounting means. Body 61
It has an actuating rod 91 for actuating it in the above-mentioned third direction against the biased above-mentioned spring 68.

この場合、作動杆91は、ケース状体71内にその側面部
73及び74の内面にそれぞれ沿ってケース状体71の前後方
向に延長している押圧部92及び93と、それら押圧部92及
び93を連結し且つケース状体71内にその背面部75の内面
に沿って左右方向に延長している連結部94と、その連結
部94から予めケース状体71の背面部75にケース状体71の
内外に貫通して設けられ且つケース状体71の軸方向に比
較的長く延長している案内孔81を通って外部に延長して
いる被押圧部95とを有し、且つ上述した第３及び第４の
方向に可動自在に案内される（その案内手段は種々とり
得るので詳細説明は省略する）ようになされている。In this case, the operating rod 91 is provided in the case-like body 71 with its side surface portion.
The pressing portions 92 and 93 extending in the front-rear direction of the case-shaped body 71 along the inner surfaces of 73 and 74, and the inner surfaces of the back surface portion 75 connecting the pressing portions 92 and 93 and inside the case-shaped body 71. A connecting portion 94 that extends in the left-right direction along, and the connecting portion 94 is provided in advance on the back surface portion 75 of the case-shaped body 71 to extend inside and outside the case-shaped body 71 and in the axial direction of the case-shaped body 71. Has a pressed portion 95 that extends to the outside through a relatively long guide hole 81, and is movably guided in the above-described third and fourth directions (the guide means thereof). Since various values can be taken, detailed description is omitted).

また、上述した駆動手段42は、上述したカートリッジ
装架手段のケース状体71の背面部75に、その外側から取
付けられたモータ96と、そのモータ96の軸97に取付けら
れたカム98とを有する。Further, the driving means 42 described above includes a motor 96 mounted from the outside on the back surface portion 75 of the case-shaped body 71 of the cartridge mounting means described above, and a cam 98 mounted on the shaft 97 of the motor 96. Have.

また、上述した駆動手段42は、上述した作動杆94を、
その被押圧部95がカム98に基板３側から係合するよう
に、しかしながら、押圧部92及び93が上述した押圧阻止
・解除用体61の被押圧杆66及び67からそれぞれ離間する
ように、基板３側とは反対側に偏倚している発条100を
有する。Further, the driving means 42 described above, the operating rod 94 described above,
The pressed portion 95 is engaged with the cam 98 from the side of the substrate 3, but the pressed portions 92 and 93 are separated from the pressed rods 66 and 67 of the pressing blocking / releasing body 61 described above, respectively. It has a rib 100 which is biased to the side opposite to the substrate 3 side.

以上で、圧子部20と、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を用
いて構成されている圧子押圧手段と、その圧子押圧用カ
ートリッジ41を基板３上に装架するカートリッジ装架手
段との一例が明らかとなったが、上述した基板３上に
は、圧子21によって材料片１に付される圧痕15を観察す
るための圧痕観察手段が設けられている。From the above, an example of the indenter section 20, the indenter pressing means configured by using the indenter pressing cartridge 41, and the cartridge mounting means for mounting the indenter pressing cartridge 41 on the substrate 3 is clarified. However, an indentation observing means for observing the indentation 15 formed on the material piece 1 by the indenter 21 is provided on the substrate 3 described above.

この圧痕観察手段の一例は、上述した回転板７に設け
られた光学レンズ部111を有する。An example of this indentation observing means has the optical lens unit 111 provided on the rotating plate 7 described above.

この場合、光学レンズ部111は、回転板７の下面側
に、上述した圧子部20の圧子保持体22が配されている回
転板７の軸を中心とする円上において、回転板７がその
ボール13を弾片15の受面14に受けさせている回動位置に
回動し且つ基板３上に上述した圧子押圧用カートリッジ
41が装架されている状態における、圧子押圧用カートリ
ッジ41の押圧用体51の軸の延長上光軸があるように、且
つ対物側が上述した第３の方向に向いているよう設けら
れている。In this case, the optical lens unit 111 is arranged such that the rotary plate 7 is located on the lower surface side of the rotary plate 7 on a circle centered on the axis of the rotary plate 7 in which the indenter holder 22 of the indenter unit 20 is arranged. Cartridge for rotating the ball 13 to the rotation position where the receiving surface 14 of the bullet piece 15 is received and pressing on the substrate 3 as described above.
It is provided so that the optical axis is an extension of the axis of the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 when the 41 is mounted, and the objective side faces the above-mentioned third direction. .

また、圧痕観察手段の一例は、上述した光学レンズ部
111をその対物側とは反対側から外部に光学的に連通さ
せる圧痕観察用光学路を有する。An example of the indentation observation means is the optical lens unit described above.
It has an optical path for indentation observation that optically connects 111 to the outside from the side opposite to the object side.

この場合、圧痕観察用光学路は、上述した基板３上に
上述したように設けられた押圧用体用貫通孔79と、上述
した圧子押圧用カートリッジ41のケース状体43の下面部
47に設けられた押圧用体用貫通孔47とを一部の光路とし
ている。In this case, the indentation observing optical path includes the pressing body through hole 79 provided on the substrate 3 as described above and the lower surface portion of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above.
The pressing body through-hole 47 provided in 47 is used as a part of the optical path.

一方、上述した回転板７の光学レンズ部111を設けた
位置に、光学レンズ部111の対物側とは反対側が臨むよ
うに且つ光学レンズ部111の光軸と同軸的に、光路用貫
通光112が設けられ、その光路用貫通孔112もまた圧痕観
察用光学路の一部の光路部としている。On the other hand, the through-light 112 for the optical path is provided so that the side opposite to the objective side of the optical lens section 111 faces the position where the optical lens section 111 of the rotary plate 7 is provided and is coaxial with the optical axis of the optical lens section 111. Is provided, and the through hole 112 for the optical path also serves as a part of the optical path portion of the optical path for impression observation.

また、上述した圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧用体
51に、その軸に沿って貫通延長している貫通孔48が設け
られ、その貫通孔48も圧痕観察用光学路の他の一部の光
学路としている。In addition, the pressing body of the above-described indenter pressing cartridge 41
A through hole 48 extending through the axis is provided in 51, and the through hole 48 is also an optical path of another part of the optical path for indentation observation.

さらに、上述した圧子押圧用カートリッジ41のケース
状体43の上面部44に、押圧用体51に設けた光路用貫通孔
48と同軸的に貫通している光路用貫通孔46が設けられ、
その光路用貫通孔46も圧痕観察用光学路のさらに他の一
部の光路部としている。Further, an optical path through hole provided in the pressing body 51 is provided in the upper surface portion 44 of the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 described above.
An optical path through hole 46 that coaxially penetrates with 48 is provided,
The through hole 46 for the optical path also serves as another part of the optical path portion of the optical path for indentation observation.

また、上述したカートリッジ装架手段を構成している
ケース状体71の上面部76に、そのケース状体71に装着さ
れた状態における圧子押圧用カートリッジ41のケース状
体43の上面部44に設けられた光路用貫通孔46と同軸的な
光路用貫通孔80が設けられ、その光路用貫通孔80もまた
圧痕観察用光学路の一部としている。Further, it is provided on the upper surface portion 76 of the case-shaped body 71 that constitutes the above-mentioned cartridge mounting means, and on the upper surface portion 44 of the case-shaped body 43 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 mounted on the case-shaped body 71. An optical path through hole 80 coaxial with the optical path through hole 46 is provided, and the optical path through hole 80 is also a part of the indentation observing optical path.

一方、上述したカートリッジ装架手段70を構成してい
るケース状体71の上面部76上に、光路用筒体120が、そ
の光軸を上述した光学レンズ部111の光軸と直交させ且
つ上述したケース状体71の上面部76に設けた光路用貫通
孔80を覆って設けられている。On the other hand, on the upper surface portion 76 of the case-shaped body 71 that constitutes the above-described cartridge mounting means 70, the optical path tube 120 has its optical axis orthogonal to the optical axis of the optical lens section 111 described above, and It is provided so as to cover the optical path through hole 80 provided in the upper surface portion 76 of the case-shaped body 71.

この場合、光路用筒体120内には、ケース状体71の上
面部76側及びその上面部76側とは反対側において、それ
ぞれ光学窓121及び122が、上述した光路用貫通孔80と同
軸的に設けられ、また、ランプのような光源123が、光
学窓121及び122から離れた位置に設けられ、さらに、ハ
ーフミラー124が、光学窓121及び122に臨む位置に、光
路用筒体120の光軸と45°傾斜して設けられ、なおさら
に、光源123及びハーフミラー124間の位置に集光用レン
ズ125が設けられ、そして、その光路用筒体120の光学窓
121及び122間のハーフミラー124を含んだ部を、圧痕観
察用光学路のさらに他の一部としている。In this case, in the optical path tubular body 120, the optical windows 121 and 122 are coaxial with the above-described optical path through hole 80 on the upper surface portion 76 side of the case-shaped body 71 and on the side opposite to the upper surface portion 76 side. And a light source 123 such as a lamp is provided at a position away from the optical windows 121 and 122, and a half mirror 124 is provided at a position facing the optical windows 121 and 122. Is provided at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the optical axis of, and a condenser lens 125 is further provided at a position between the light source 123 and the half mirror 124, and the optical window of the optical path cylinder 120 is provided.
The part including the half mirror 124 between 121 and 122 is used as a further part of the optical path for impression impression.

また、上述した光路用筒体120上に、その光学窓121及
び122の光軸と同じ光軸を有する筒部131と、それから折
曲って外方に延長している筒部132とを有する他の光路
用筒体130が設けられ、その光路用筒体130を圧痕観察用
光学路の他の一部と構成している。この場合、光路用筒
体130内には、反射ミラー133が、筒部131及び132間の折
曲部において、筒部131及び132の光軸と45°傾斜して設
けられている。Further, on the above-described optical path cylinder 120, a cylinder part 131 having the same optical axis as the optical axes of the optical windows 121 and 122, and a cylinder part 132 bent from the cylinder part and extending outward are also provided. The optical path tube body 130 is provided, and the optical path tube body 130 constitutes another part of the optical path for impression impression. In this case, a reflection mirror 133 is provided in the optical path tube body 130 at a bent portion between the tube parts 131 and 132, which is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the optical axes of the tube parts 131 and 132.

また、光路用筒体130の光路用筒体120側とは反対側の
開放端部を、圧痕観察用光学路の圧痕観察用窓134とし
ている。Further, the open end portion of the optical path tube body 130 opposite to the optical path tube body 120 side is used as the indentation observation window 134 of the indentation observation optical path.

以上が、本発明による材料試験機の実施例の構成であ
る。The above is the configuration of the embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention.

このような構成を有する本発明による材料試験機によ
れば、次に述べる作用、効果が得られる。According to the material testing machine of the present invention having such a configuration, the following actions and effects can be obtained.

すなわち、圧子押圧手段を構成している駆動手段42の
モータ96を回転させることによって、第１図に示すよう
に、モータ96の軸97に設けたカム98を、その軸97から最
も近いカム面部（これを第１のカム面部とする）に、発
条100によって第４の方向（上方向）に偏倚されている
作動杆91の被押圧部95を受けさせている状態に回転させ
ることができ、よって、作動杆91を、第４の方向に最も
移動している位置（これを第１の位置とする）にとらし
めることができる。That is, by rotating the motor 96 of the drive means 42 that constitutes the indenter pressing means, the cam 98 provided on the shaft 97 of the motor 96 is moved to the cam surface portion closest to the shaft 97 as shown in FIG. It is possible to rotate (this is the first cam surface portion) into a state of receiving the pressed portion 95 of the operating rod 91 which is biased in the fourth direction (upward direction) by the spring 100, Therefore, the operating rod 91 can be captured at the position most moved in the fourth direction (this position is referred to as the first position).

また、作動杆91をこのような第１の位置に位置させて
いる状態で、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41のケース状体43
を、外部から、カートリッジ装架手段のケース状体71内
に、その案内溝77及び78に案内させて収容させることが
でき、よって、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を、第１図に
示すように、基板３上に装架された状態にさせることが
できる。Further, in the state where the operating rod 91 is located at such a first position, the case-like body 43 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is formed.
Can be accommodated from the outside in the case-shaped body 71 of the cartridge mounting means by being guided by the guide grooves 77 and 78 thereof, so that the indenter pressing cartridge 41 can be accommodated as shown in FIG. It can be mounted on the substrate 3.

この場合、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を基板３上に装
架させている状態において、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41
の押圧用体51は、ケース状体43の下面部45に設けられた
押圧用体用貫通孔47を通じて、基板３の貫通孔79に臨ん
だ位置をとっている。In this case, when the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the substrate 3, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is
The pressing body 51 is located at a position facing the through hole 79 of the substrate 3 through the pressing body through hole 47 provided in the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43.

また、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧阻止・解除用
体61の被押圧杆66及び７は、それぞれ作動杆91の押圧部
92及び93にその基板３側から対向している位置をとって
いる。Further, the pressed rods 66 and 7 of the press-inhibiting / releasing body 61 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 are the pressing portions of the operating rod 91, respectively.
The positions of 92 and 93 are opposite to each other from the substrate 3 side.

さらに、回転板７を、それに設けたハンドル９を用い
て、弾片15の受面14がボール12を受ける位置（これを第
１の回動位置とする）まで回動させることができ、よっ
て、圧子部20の圧子保持体22を、第１図に示すように、
基板３上に上述したように装架された圧子押圧用カート
リッジ41の押圧用体51下に、それと同軸的に位置させる
ことができる。Further, the rotating plate 7 can be rotated to a position where the receiving surface 14 of the bullet 15 receives the ball 12 (this is referred to as a first rotating position) by using the handle 9 provided on the rotating plate 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the indenter holder 22 of the indenter section 20 is
The indenter pressing cartridge 41 mounted on the substrate 3 as described above can be positioned below the pressing body 51 and coaxially therewith.

また、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を上述したように基
板３上に装架させ、また、圧子部20の圧子保持体23を上
述したように圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧用体51下
に位置させた状態において、モータ91によって、カム98
を、その軸98から最も遠いカム面部（これを第２のカム
面部とする）に作動杆91の被押圧部95を受けさせるまで
回転させることができ、そして、このようにカム98を回
転させれば、作動杆91が、カム93によって、発条100に
抗して、上述した第１の位置から、第３の方向（下方
向）に第２の位置まで押し下げられ、これによって、圧
子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧阻止・解除用体61が、作
動杆91の押圧部92及び93と押圧阻止・解除用体61の被押
圧杆66及び67とを介して、発条68に抗して、押圧用体51
と係合してその押圧用体51を第４の方向に押し上げてい
る頭初の位置から、基板３側の第３の方向に押し下げら
れる。In addition, the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the substrate 3 as described above, and the indenter holding body 23 of the indenter portion 20 is positioned below the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 as described above. In the state, the motor 91 causes the cam 98
Can be rotated until the cam surface portion farthest from the shaft 98 (this is the second cam surface portion) receives the pressed portion 95 of the operating rod 91, and the cam 98 is rotated in this manner. Then, the actuating rod 91 is pushed down by the cam 93 against the spring 100 from the above-mentioned first position to the second position in the third direction (downward), thereby pushing the indenter. The pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 of the cartridge 41 is pressed against the spring 68 via the pressing portions 92 and 93 of the operating rod 91 and the pressed rods 66 and 67 of the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61. Body 51
Is pushed down in the third direction on the substrate 3 side from the initial position where the pressing body 51 is pushed up in the fourth direction by engaging with.

また、このように、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧
阻止・解除用体61が、頭初の位置から、第３の方向に押
し下げられれば、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41の押圧用体
51が、発条56の力によって、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41
のケース状体43の上面部44の内面に受けられている頭初
の位置から、圧子部20側の第３の方向に押し下げられ、
よって、押圧用体51の下部が、圧子押圧用カートリッジ
41のケース状体43の下面部45の押圧用体用貫通孔47及び
カートリッジ装架手段を構成しているケース状体71の下
面部72の押圧用体用貫通孔79を通じて、基板３の下側に
突出し、その押圧用体51の下端面でなる押圧面52によっ
て、圧子部20を構成している圧子保持体22の被押圧部26
の被押圧面27を、第３の方向に押圧する。このため、圧
子保持体22が、発条33に抗して、圧子保持体22を軸支し
ている軸受手段30の筒部31の受面32と係合している頭初
の位置から、第３の方向に押下げられる。よって、圧子
21を、発条56の力に対応した押圧力（実際は、発条56の
力から発条33の力を引いた力でなる押圧力）で、材料片
１に、押込ませることができ、従って、材料片１に圧痕
16を付すことができる。Further, in this way, if the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body 61 of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 is pushed down from the initial position in the third direction, the pressing body of the indenter-pressing cartridge 41 is pressed.
51 pushes the cartridge 41 for pressing the indenter by the force of the spring 56.
From the initial position received on the inner surface of the upper surface portion 44 of the case-shaped body 43, is pushed down in the third direction on the indenter 20 side,
Therefore, the lower part of the pressing body 51 is the cartridge for pressing the indenter.
Through the pressing body through hole 47 of the lower surface portion 45 of the case-like body 43 of 41 and the pressing body through hole 79 of the lower surface portion 72 of the case-like body 71 that constitutes the cartridge mounting means, the bottom of the substrate 3 is provided. The pressing surface 52, which is the lower end surface of the pressing body 51, protrudes to the side, and the pressed portion 26 of the indenter holding body 22 that constitutes the indenter portion 20.
The pressed surface 27 of is pressed in the third direction. Therefore, the indenter holding body 22 resists against the spring 33, and from the initial position of the head engaged with the receiving surface 32 of the tubular portion 31 of the bearing means 30 axially supporting the indenter holding body 22, It is pushed down in the direction of 3. Therefore, indenter
21 can be pushed into the material piece 1 with a pressing force corresponding to the force of the bar 56 (actually, the pressing force of the force of the bar 56 minus the force of the bar 33). Indentation on 1
Can be marked with 16.

また、本発明による材料試験機によれば、材料片１
に、上述したようにして圧痕16を付して後、モータ96を
回転させることによって、カム98を、上述した第１のカ
ム面に作動杆91の被押圧部95を受けさせるまで回転させ
ることができ、このため、作動杆91が、発条100の力に
よって、第４の方向（上方向）に、上述した第１の位置
まで移動復帰し、よって、押圧阻止・解除用体68が、発
条68の力によって、押上げられていた状態から、第４の
方向に上述した頭初の位置まで移動復帰する。また、こ
のため、押圧用体51が、押し下げられている状態から、
第４の方向に上述した頭初の位置まで押し上げられて復
帰し、よって、圧子保持体22が、発条33の力によって、
第２の方向に上述した頭初の位置まで移動復帰する。さ
らに、このため、材料片１が圧子21によって押込まれる
のが解除され、次で、圧子21が材料片１から離間し、圧
子保持体22が軸受30の筒部31の下端面でなる受面32に受
けられた状態の原位置に復帰する。Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the material piece 1
Then, after making the indentations 16 as described above, by rotating the motor 96, the cam 98 is rotated until the above-mentioned first cam surface receives the pressed portion 95 of the operating rod 91. Therefore, the actuating rod 91 is moved and returned to the above-mentioned first position in the fourth direction (upward direction) by the force of the spring 100, so that the pressing blocking / releasing body 68 is spring-loaded. By the force of 68, the state of being pushed up moves and returns to the above-mentioned initial position of the head in the fourth direction. Further, for this reason, the pressing body 51, from the state of being pressed down,
It is pushed back to the above-mentioned initial position in the fourth direction and returns, so that the indenter holder 22 is moved by the force of the spring 33.
It moves and returns to the above-mentioned initial position in the second direction. Further, for this reason, the material piece 1 is released from being pushed by the indenter 21, the indenter 21 is then separated from the material piece 1, and the indenter holding body 22 is formed by the lower end surface of the tubular portion 31 of the bearing 30. Return to its original position as received by surface 32.

また、圧子保持体22が、上述したように原位置に復帰
して後、回転板７を、ハンドル９を用いて、弾片15の受
面14がボール13を受ける位置まで回動させれば、圧痕観
察手段を構成している光学レンズ部11を、材料片１上に
位置させることができる。この場合、回転板７の光路用
貫通孔112、ケース状体71の押圧用体用貫通孔79、ケー
ス状体43の押圧用体用貫通孔47、押圧用体51の光路用貫
通孔48、ケース状体43の光路用貫通孔46、ケース状体71
の光路用貫通孔80、光路用窓121、ハフミラー124、光路
用窓122、光路用筒体130、を含んで、光学レンズ部11の
対物側とは反対側から、光路用筒体130の端部でなる圧
痕観察用窓に至る圧痕観察用光学路が構成されている。Also, after the indenter holder 22 returns to the original position as described above, if the rotating plate 7 is rotated to the position where the receiving surface 14 of the bullet piece 15 receives the ball 13 by using the handle 9. The optical lens portion 11 forming the indentation observing means can be positioned on the material piece 1. In this case, the through hole 112 for the optical path of the rotating plate 7, the through hole 79 for the pressing body of the case-like body 71, the through hole 47 for the pressing body of the case-like body 43, the through hole 48 for the optical path of the pressing body 51, Optical path through hole 46 of case 43, case 71
Including the through hole 80 for the optical path, the window 121 for the optical path, the Hough mirror 124, the window 122 for the optical path, and the tube 130 for the optical path, from the side opposite to the objective side of the optical lens unit 11 to the end of the tube 130 for the optical path. The optical path for indentation observation reaching the window for indentation observation formed by the section is configured.

一方、光源123から、集光用レンズ125を通り、次で、
ハーフミラー124の位置で折曲って光路用窓121を通り、
次で、光路用貫通孔80、46及び48、押圧用体用貫通孔4
7、49、光路用貫通孔を通って、光学レンズ部111に到る
照明用光学路が構成されている。Meanwhile, from the light source 123, through the condenser lens 125, next,
Bend at the position of the half mirror 124 and pass through the optical path window 121,
Next, the through holes 80, 46 and 48 for the optical path, the through hole 4 for the pressing body 4
An illumination optical path reaching the optical lens portion 111 through the optical path through holes 7 and 49 is formed.

このため、上述した照明用光学路及び光学レンズ部11
1を介して、材料片１を照明し、その状態で、材料片１
に付された圧痕16を、光学レンズ部111及び上述した圧
痕観察用光学路を介して、外部から観察することができ
る。Therefore, the illumination optical path and the optical lens unit 11 described above are used.
The material piece 1 is illuminated through 1 and, in that state, the material piece 1
The indentation 16 attached to the can be observed from the outside through the optical lens unit 111 and the above-described optical path for indentation observation.

上述したところから、本発明による材料試験機によれ
ば、基板３を、予め、材料片１がカートリッジ装架手段
下に位置するように、材料片１の上方位置に位置させて
おけば（ただし、上述した実施例の場合、回転板７を、
予め、圧子部20がカートリッジ装架手段を構成している
ケース状体71下に位置する第１の位置に位置するよう
に、回動させておく）、まず、基板３上のカートリッジ
装架手段に、圧子押圧手段を構成している圧子押圧用カ
ートリッジ41を装架し、次に、駆動手段42を構成してい
る作動杆91を作動させる（上述した実施例の場合、モー
タ96及びカム98によって）だけで、材料片１に、圧子部
20を構成している圧子保持体22に保持されている圧子21
を押込んで、圧痕16を付すことができ、よって、材料片
１に、圧痕16を付すのを、容易に行うことができる。From the above, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, if the substrate 3 is previously positioned above the material piece 1 so that the material piece 1 is located under the cartridge mounting means (however, In the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, the rotary plate 7 is
In advance, the indenter portion 20 is rotated so as to be located at the first position below the case-shaped body 71 which constitutes the cartridge mounting means), first, the cartridge mounting means on the substrate 3 The indenter pressing cartridge 41 constituting the indenter pressing means is mounted on the above, and then the operating rod 91 constituting the driving means 42 is operated (in the above-described embodiment, the motor 96 and the cam 98). (Depending on the material) 1, just press the indenter
Indenter 21 held by indenter holder 22 that constitutes 20
The indentation 16 can be made by pushing in, and thus the indentation 16 can be easily made on the material piece 1.

また、本発明による材料試験機によれば、圧子押圧手
段が、圧子押圧用カートリッジ41と、それを作動状態に
駆動させる駆動手段42とを有し、そして、圧子押圧用カ
ートリッジ41が、ケース状体43内に、押圧用体51と、そ
れを偏倚している発条56と、押圧阻止・解除用体61と、
それを偏倚している発条68とを配しまたは設けていると
いう簡易な構成を有し、また、このため、圧子押圧用カ
ートリッジ41を小型化、軽量化し得るので、材料試験機
を、全体として、従来の材料試験機の場合に比し、簡
易、小型、軽量化することができる。Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the indenter pressing means has the indenter pressing cartridge 41 and the driving means 42 for driving the indenter pressing cartridge 41 to the operating state, and the indenter pressing cartridge 41 has a case shape. In the body 43, a pressing body 51, a spring 56 that biases it, a pressing blocking / releasing body 61,
It has a simple structure in which it is arranged or provided with the spring 68 that is biased, and because of this, since the indenter pressing cartridge 41 can be made smaller and lighter, the material testing machine as a whole Further, it can be made simpler, smaller, and lighter than the conventional material testing machine.

さらに、本発明による材料試験機によれば、圧子押圧
手段に圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を用いているので、そ
の圧子押圧用カートリッジ41として、押圧用体51を偏倚
している発条56の力が互に異なるものを予め複数用意し
ておけば、それら複数の圧子押圧用カートリッジ41か
ら、随時所望の１つの圧子押圧用カートリッジ41を選択
し、その圧子押圧用カートリッジ41をカートリッジ装架
手段に装架させることによって、圧子21を材料片１に向
って押込むときの押圧力を、随時所望の値に、容易に、
変更することができる。このため、材料片１に、圧子21
の材料片１への押圧力をパラメータとした圧痕16を、容
易に付すことができる。Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, since the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is used as the indenter pressing means, the forces of the springs 56 that bias the pressing body 51 act as the indenter pressing cartridge 41. If a plurality of different indenter pressing cartridges 41 are prepared in advance, one desired indenter pressing cartridge 41 is selected from the plurality of indenter pressing cartridges 41 at any time, and the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is mounted on the cartridge mounting means. By doing so, the pressing force when pushing the indenter 21 toward the material piece 1 can be easily set to a desired value at any time,
Can be changed. Therefore, the indenter 21 is attached to the material piece 1.
The indentation 16 with the pressing force on the material piece 1 as a parameter can be easily applied.

また、本発明による材料試験機によれば、基板３を、
予め、材料片１がカートリッジ装架手段下に位置するよ
うに、材料片１の上方位置に位置させておき、カートリ
ッジ装架手段に、圧子押圧手段を構成している圧子押圧
用カートリッジ41を装架し、次にまたはその前に、回転
板７を、圧子部20がカートリッジ装架手段下に位置する
第１の位置にまで位置するように回動させ、次に、駆動
手段42を構成している作動杆91を作動させれば、材料片
１に、圧子21によって、圧痕16を容易に付すことがで
き、また、次に、作動杆91の作動状態を解除されて後、
回転板７を、光学レンズ部111がカートリッジ装架手段
下に位置する第２の位置まで回動させれば、圧子押圧用
カートリッジ41をカートリッジ装架手段から取出すこと
によってまたは取出すことなしに、光学レンズ部111を
圧痕観察手段を構成している圧痕観察用光学路の圧痕観
察用窓134に連通させることができ、従って、外部か
ら、圧痕観察用窓134を介し且つ光学レンズ部111を用い
て、材料片に付された圧痕16を容易に観察することがで
き、よって、材料片の硬度などを容易に測定することが
できる。According to the material testing machine of the present invention, the substrate 3 is
The material piece 1 is previously positioned above the material piece 1 so that the material piece 1 is located below the cartridge mounting means, and the cartridge mounting means is provided with the indenter pressing cartridge 41 constituting the indenter pressing means. Next, or before that, the rotary plate 7 is rotated so that the indenter portion 20 is located up to the first position below the cartridge mounting means, and then the driving means 42 is constituted. If the operating rod 91 is operated, the indentation 16 can be easily made on the material piece 1 by the indenter 21, and then, after the operating state of the operating rod 91 is released,
By rotating the rotary plate 7 to the second position where the optical lens portion 111 is located below the cartridge mounting means, the optical disc can be operated with or without removing the indenter pressing cartridge 41 from the cartridge mounting means. The lens portion 111 can be communicated with the indentation observation window 134 of the indentation observation optical path forming the indentation observation means, and therefore, from the outside through the indentation observation window 134 and using the optical lens portion 111. The indentation 16 formed on the material piece can be easily observed, and thus the hardness and the like of the material piece can be easily measured.

さらに、本発明による材料試験機によれば、圧子押圧
用カートリッジ41のケース状体43及び押圧用体51にそれ
ぞれ光路用貫通孔46及び48が設けられ、また、圧子押圧
用カートリッジ41のケース状体43の下面部45に押圧用体
用貫通孔47が設けられ、そして、それら光路用貫通孔46
及び48と押圧用体貫通孔47とを、圧痕観察用手段を構成
している圧痕観察用光学路の一部の光路部としているの
で、上述したところから明らかなように、圧子押圧用カ
ートリッジ41をカートリッジ装架手段から取出さなくて
も、材料片１に付された圧痕16を観察することができ、
よって、材料片１に付された圧痕16の観察を、極めて容
易に行うことができる。Further, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the case-shaped body 43 and the pressing body 51 of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 are provided with the optical path through holes 46 and 48, respectively, and the case-shaped body of the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is formed. The lower surface 45 of the body 43 is provided with a pressing body through hole 47, and these optical path through holes 46 are provided.
And 48 and the pressing body through-hole 47 are part of the optical path part of the optical path for impression observation that constitutes the means for observing the indentation, so that the indenter pressing cartridge 41 is clear from the above description. It is possible to observe the indentations 16 attached to the material piece 1 without removing the cartridge from the cartridge mounting means.
Therefore, it is possible to extremely easily observe the indentations 16 formed on the material piece 1.

なお、上述においては、本発明の一例を示したに留ま
り、本発明の精神を脱することなしに、種々の変型、変
更をなし得るであろう。In the above description, only one example of the present invention is shown, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

第１図は、本発明による材料試験機の実施例を示す、圧
子押圧用カートリッジが基板上に装架され且つその圧子
押圧用カートリッジが作動していない状態にある略線的
縦断面図である。第２図は、第１図に示す本発明の材料試験機のII-II線
上からみた略線的平面図である。第３図は、第１図に示す本発明の材料試験機のIII-III
線上の略線的横断面図である。第４図は、第１図に示す本発明の材料試験機の、圧子押
圧用カートリッジが作動している状態にある略線的縦断
面図である。第５図は、第１図に示す本発明の材料試験機の、圧痕観
察手段が材料片に付される圧痕を観察する状態にある略
線的縦断面図である。第６図は、第１図に示す本発明による材料試験機に用い
ている圧子押圧用カートリッジを示す略線的縦断面図で
ある。第７図は、第６図に示す圧子押圧用カートリッジの略線
的平面図である。第８図は、第６図に示す圧子押圧用カートリッジのVIII
-VIII線上の略線的横断面図である。１……材料片２……固定面３……基板４……枠部５……脚６……支軸７……回転板８……軸受手段９……ハンドル 10、11……ボール受用溝 12、13……ボール 14……弾片 15……受面 16……圧痕 20……圧子部 21……圧子 22……圧子保持体 23……下端面 24……係合面 25……鍔部 26……被押圧部 27……被押圧面 28……軸部 29……貫通孔 30……軸受手段 31……筒部 32……受面 33……発条（第１） 41……圧子押圧用カートリッジ 42……駆動手段 43……ケース状体 44……上面部 45……下面部 46……光路用貫通孔 47……押圧用体用貫通孔 48……光路用貫通孔 51……押圧用体 52……押圧面 54……係合面 56……発条（第２） 61……押圧阻止・解除用体 62……係合面 63……鍔部 64、65……案内孔 66、67……被押圧杆 68……発条（第３） 71……ケース状体 72……下面部 73、74……側面部 75……背面部 76……上面部 77、78……案内溝 79……押圧用体用貫通孔 80……光路用貫通孔 81……案内孔 82、83……カートリッジ取出用切欠 91……作動杆 92、93……押圧部 94……連結部 95……被押圧部 96……モータ 97……軸 98……カム 100……発条 111……光学レンズ部 112……光路用貫通孔 120……光路用筒体 121、122……光学窓 123……光源 124……ハーフミラー 125……集光用レンズ 130……光路用筒体 131、132……筒部 133……反射ミラー 134……圧痕観察用窓FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of a material testing machine according to the present invention in a state in which an indenter pressing cartridge is mounted on a substrate and the indenter pressing cartridge is not in operation. . FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the line II-II. FIG. 3 is a III-III of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG.
It is a schematic cross-sectional view on a line. FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 in a state where the indenter pressing cartridge is operating. FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the material testing machine of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 in a state in which the indentation observing means observes an indentation made on a material piece. FIG. 6 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an indenter pressing cartridge used in the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the indenter pressing cartridge shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a VIII of the indenter pressing cartridge shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line VIII. 1 …… Material piece 2 …… Fixing surface 3 …… Substrate 4 …… Frame 5 …… Leg 6 …… Spindle 7 …… Rotating plate 8 …… Bearing means 9 …… Handle 10, 11 …… Ball receiving groove 12, 13 …… Ball 14 …… Bullet piece 15 …… Receiving surface 16 …… Indentation 20 …… Indenter 21 …… Indenter 22 …… Indenter holder 23 …… Bottom end surface 24 …… Engagement surface 25 …… Tsuba Part 26 …… Pressed part 27 …… Pressed face 28 …… Shaft part 29 …… Through hole 30 …… Bearing means 31 …… Cylinder part 32 …… Receiving surface 33 …… Spring (first) 41 …… Indenter Pressing cartridge 42 …… Driving means 43 …… Case-shaped body 44 …… Upper surface 45 …… Lower surface portion 46 …… Optical path through hole 47 …… Pressing body through hole 48 …… Optical path through hole 51 …… Pressing body 52 …… Pressing surface 54 …… Engagement surface 56 …… Spring (second) 61 …… Pressing prevention / release body 62 …… Engagement surface 63 …… Flange 64, 65 …… Guide hole 66 , 67 …… Pressed rod 68 …… Spring (3rd) 71 …… Case-like body 72 …… Bottom surface Part 73, 74 …… Side part 75 …… Back part 76 …… Top part 77, 78 …… Guide groove 79 …… Pressing body through hole 80 …… Optical path through hole 81 …… Guide hole 82, 83… … Cartridge removal notch 91 …… Operating rod 92,93 …… Pressing part 94 …… Coupling part 95 …… Pressed part 96 …… Motor 97 …… Shaft 98 …… Cam 100 …… Spring 111 …… Optical lens part 112 ...... Through hole for optical path 120 ...... Tube for optical path 121, 122 ...... Optical window 123 ...... Light source 124 ...... Half mirror 125 ...... Condensing lens 130 ...... Tube for optical path 131, 132 ...... Tube Part 133 …… Reflecting mirror 134 …… Indentation observation window

Claims

(57) [Claims]

1. A material testing machine comprising: an indenter part having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece; and an indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter so as to make an indentation on the material piece. Holds the indenter at one free end in the axial direction and is movable in a first direction which is an axial direction on the substrate and is a direction facing the material piece and a second direction opposite to the first direction. The indenter holding body is provided, and the indenter holding body is biased in the second direction. The indenter pressing means includes an indenter pressing cartridge and an indenter pressing cartridge. Drive means for driving to an operating state, the indenter pressing cartridge has a case-shaped body having a first surface portion provided with a through hole for the pressing body, and an axial direction in the case-shaped body. The case is passed through the through hole for the pressing body. A pressing body movably provided in a third direction, which is a direction projecting outside the body, and a fourth direction opposite to the third direction, and the pressing body disposed in the case-shaped body and arranged in the case body. A second spring that is biased in the direction, and a pressing member that is movably arranged in the third and fourth directions in the case-shaped body and that engages with the pressing body by the operation in the fourth direction. A blocking / releasing body, and a third ridge arranged in the case-shaped body and biasing the pressing blocking / releasing body in the fourth direction. A cartridge device for removably mounting the cartridge such that the axis of the pressing body is on the extension of the axis of the indenter holder of the indenter portion and the third direction coincides with the first direction. A frame means is provided, and the drive means is provided on the substrate. It has an operating rod for actuating the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body of the indenter-pressing cartridge in a state of being mounted by the mounting means against the third spring in the third direction. And material testing machine.

2. A material testing machine comprising: an indenter portion having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece; and an indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter so as to make an indentation on the material piece. Indentation observing means for observing an indentation formed on the material piece is provided, wherein the indenter portion holds the indenter at one upper free end portion in the axial direction, and first and second on the substrate. On a rotary plate rotatably provided between the rotation positions of the first and second directions, which are the axial direction and the direction toward the material piece, and the second direction opposite to the first direction. An indenter holder, and a first ridge that biases the indenter holder in the second direction, and the indenter pressing means activates the indenter pressing cartridge and the indenter pressing cartridge. Drive means for driving the cartridge for pressing the indenter. A case-shaped body having a first surface portion provided with a pressing body through-hole, and projecting outside the case-shaped body in the axial direction in the case-shaped body and through the pressing-body through-hole And a pressing body movably provided in a third direction which is a direction opposite to the pressing direction and a fourth direction opposite thereto, and the pressing body arranged in the case-shaped body and biasing the pressing body in the third direction. And a second spring that is movably arranged in the case-shaped body in the third and fourth directions and that engages with the pressing body when actuated in the fourth direction. A body, and a third ridge arranged in the case-shaped body and biasing the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body in the fourth direction. The indenter-pressing cartridge is mounted on the substrate. The shaft of the pressing body is in a state in which the rotary plate is rotated to the first rotation position. The cartridge mounting means is provided on the extension of the shaft of the indenter holding body of the indenter part and detachably mounted so that the third direction coincides with the first direction. , The pressure blocking / releasing body of the indenter pressing cartridge in a state of being mounted on the substrate by the cartridge mounting means is operated in the third direction against the third spring. An operating rod is provided, and the indentation observing means optically communicates the optical lens part and the optical lens part to the outside from the side opposite to the objective side, and for indentation observation on the side opposite to the optical lens part Having an optical path for indentation observation having a window, the optical lens portion, on the rotary plate, on a circle centered on the axis of the rotary plate on which the indenter holder of the indenter portion is arranged, The rotating plate is in the second rotating position. The optical axis on the extension of the axis of the pressing body of the indenter pressing cartridge in a state in which the indenter pressing cartridge is mounted on the substrate. A material testing machine, which is provided so as to face the direction of 3.

3. A material testing machine comprising: an indenter portion having an indenter for making an indentation on a material piece; and an indenter pressing means for pressing the indenter so as to make an indentation on the material piece. Indentation observing means for observing an indentation formed on the material piece is provided, wherein the indenter portion holds the indenter at one upper free end portion in the axial direction, and first and second on the substrate. On a rotary plate rotatably provided between the rotation positions of the first and second directions, which are the axial direction and the direction toward the material piece, and the second direction opposite to the first direction. An indenter holder, and a first ridge that biases the indenter holder in the second direction, and the indenter pressing means activates the indenter pressing cartridge and the indenter pressing cartridge. Drive means for driving the cartridge for pressing the indenter. A case-shaped body having a first surface portion provided with a pressing body through-hole, and projecting outside the case-shaped body in the axial direction in the case-shaped body and through the pressing-body through-hole And a pressing body movably provided in a third direction which is a direction opposite to the pressing direction and a fourth direction opposite thereto, and the pressing body arranged in the case-shaped body and biasing the pressing body in the third direction. And a second spring that is movably arranged in the case-shaped body in the third and fourth directions and that engages with the pressing body when actuated in the fourth direction. A body, and a third ridge arranged in the case-shaped body and biasing the pressing-inhibiting / releasing body in the fourth direction. The indenter-pressing cartridge is mounted on the substrate. The shaft of the pressing body is in a state in which the rotary plate is rotated to the first rotation position. The cartridge mounting means is provided on the extension of the shaft of the indenter holding body of the indenter part and detachably mounted so that the third direction coincides with the first direction. , The pressure blocking / releasing body of the indenter pressing cartridge in a state of being mounted on the substrate by the cartridge mounting means is operated in the third direction against the third spring. An operating rod is provided, and the indentation observing means optically communicates the optical lens part and the optical lens part to the outside from the side opposite to the objective side, and for indentation observation on the side opposite to the optical lens part. Having an optical path for indentation observation having a window, the optical lens portion, on the rotary plate, on a circle centered on the axis of the rotary plate on which the indenter holder of the indenter portion is arranged, The rotating plate is in the second rotating position. The optical axis on the extension of the axis of the pressing body of the indenter pressing cartridge in a state in which the indenter pressing cartridge is mounted on the substrate. 3, the pressing body of the indenter pressing cartridge is provided with a first optical path through hole having its axis as an axis, and the case-shaped body of the indenter pressing cartridge described above is provided. A second optical path through hole coaxial with the first optical path through hole is provided in a second surface section facing the first surface section, and the indentation observing optical path is the first and second optical paths. And a pressing body through hole provided in the first surface of the case-shaped body of the indenter pressing cartridge as a part of the optical path portion.