JP2554797B2 - Absorption heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is an absorption type cold / hot water apparatus using an absorption heat pump cycle as shown in FIG.

That is, this absorption type cold / hot water system includes an evaporator 201 for evaporating a refrigerant, an absorber 202 for absorbing the refrigerant vapor evaporated by the evaporator 201 into an absorbing liquid and generating heat, and an absorber 202 for absorbing the refrigerant vapor. A first regenerator 203 that regenerates the absorption liquid by absorbing a refrigerant vapor in the container 202 and heating the diluted absorption liquid diluted by the heating device 206 to evaporate the refrigerant, and the first regenerator 203 separates it. The generated refrigerant vapor is used as a driving heat source of the second regenerator 205 in order to improve the heat efficiency of the heat pump cycle, and the second regenerator 2
And a condenser 204 for condensing the refrigerant vapor generated in 05.

In the above structure, when cold water is obtained,
Evaporator 201, absorber 202, regenerators 203 and 205
By driving the condenser 204 and operating the absorption cycle, the heat exchange fluid flowing in the cold water supply pipe 211 provided through the evaporator 201 is cooled to obtain cold water.

When hot water is to be obtained, the on-off valve 22
1, 222 and 223 are closed, heat is applied to the first regenerator 203 by the heating device 206, and the steam generated here is used as an intermediate heat transport medium to heat the hot water flowing in the hot water supply pipe 212. Is being done.

[0006]

In the conventional absorption type cold / hot water apparatus described above, it does not operate as an absorption heat pump during hot water production, but merely operates as a heat exchange apparatus. Thermal efficiency is at most 80
There is a problem that only about 90% can be obtained.

For this reason, if the above-mentioned absorption type cooling and heating apparatus is used for cooling and heating, and it is attempted to dramatically improve the thermal efficiency, a low heat source is required and the heat can be heated to a temperature at which it can be heated. There is a need to raise it.

By the way, river water, sewage, seawater, etc. can be considered as relatively low heat sources that can be used relatively anywhere, but these are 5 to 15 during the winter when heating is required.
In addition, the temperature of the heating hot water is 47 ° C. for the large electric heat pump and about 45 ° C. for the absorption type cold / hot water device, and it is necessary to raise the temperature to this temperature level.

However, the absorption liquid used in the conventional absorption heat pump device is H ₂ O / LiBr, and LiBr
There was a problem that a sufficient temperature rise range could not be obtained as it was due to the limitation of the solubility.

As a solution to this, evaporation /
It may be possible to adopt a two-step temperature raising cycle in which absorption is performed twice, but the performance is good, the device cost is low,
I can't find anything that can easily switch between air conditioning and heating and that can maintain a high degree of vacuum.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption heat pump device which can solve the above problems.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first means of the present invention is an absorption heat pump device having a first heat pump and a second heat pump, wherein the first heat pump is replaced by a refrigerant. A first evaporator that evaporates, a first absorber that absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the first evaporator into an absorption liquid, and a rare absorption liquid that is diluted by absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the first absorber. A second regenerator configured to include a first regenerator for heating and separating the refrigerant vapor and a first condenser for condensing the refrigerant vapor separated by the first regenerator, and the second heat pump for evaporating the refrigerant. And a second absorber that absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the second evaporator into the absorption liquid, and the rare absorption liquid diluted by absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the second absorber to heat the refrigerant vapor The second regenerator that separates the And a second condensing section configured to guide the condensed refrigerant vapor to a heating heat transfer tube provided in the first regenerator to condense it, and to transfer a heat exchange fluid to the heat transfer tube of the first evaporator. A first fluid transfer pipe to be supplied, a second fluid transfer pipe connecting the heat transfer pipes of the first evaporator and the second absorber, and a heat transfer pipe of the second absorber and the first absorber to each other. A third fluid transfer pipe to be connected, a fourth fluid transfer pipe to connect the heat transfer pipes of the first absorber and the first condenser, and a heat exchange fluid to be taken out from the heat transfer pipe of the first condenser A fluid supply pipe; a sixth fluid transfer pipe for supplying a heat source fluid into the heat transfer pipe of the second evaporator; a seventh fluid transfer pipe for discharging the heat source fluid from the heat transfer pipe of the second evaporator; Two
The first switching means is interposed between the fluid transfer pipe and the sixth fluid transfer pipe, and the second switching means is interposed between the fifth fluid transfer pipe and the seventh fluid transfer pipe. Then, when obtaining the hot water, the first and second switching means are operated so that the hot water as the heat exchange fluid is supplied to each of the first evaporator, the second absorber, the first absorber and the first condenser. The heat source fluid is made to flow in the heat transfer tube, the heat source fluid is made to flow in the heat transfer tube of the second evaporator, and when cold water is obtained, the first and second switching means are operated to perform heat exchange. While allowing cold water, which is a fluid, to flow in the heat transfer tubes of the first evaporator and the second evaporator,
It is an absorption type heat pump device in which a heat source fluid is caused to flow in the heat transfer tubes of the second absorber, the first absorber and the first condenser.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the second means of the present invention is the same as the first means, wherein one end of the fourth fluid transfer pipe on the side of the first absorber is placed in the middle of the third fluid transfer pipe. The absorption heat pump device is provided with a bypass transfer pipe which is connected to the heat transfer pipe of the first absorber and transfers the heat exchange fluid from the heat transfer pipe of the first absorber to the upstream side of the second switching means of the fifth fluid transfer pipe.

[0014]

In the above structure, when the hot water is obtained, the first
And activating the second switching means to transfer hot water to the first evaporator,
If the heat transfer pipes of the second absorber, the first absorber, and the first condenser are made to flow, and the heat source fluid is made to flow in the heat transfer pipes of the second evaporator to activate the heat pump cycle, hot water is generated. Is heated by at least the heat generated in the second absorber and the first absorber, that is, the temperature is raised in two stages.

When cold water is obtained, the first and second switching means are operated so that the cold water, which is a heat exchange fluid, flows sequentially through the heat transfer tubes of the first evaporator and the second evaporator. When the heat source fluid is made to flow through the heat transfer tubes of the second absorber, the first absorber and the first condenser to operate the heat pump, the cold water is efficiently cooled by the latent heat of vaporization in each evaporator.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the absorption heat pump device according to this embodiment includes a first heat pump 1 on the low temperature side (low pressure side) and a second heat pump 2 on the high temperature side (high pressure side).

The first heat pump 1 has a first evaporator 11 in which a heat transfer tube 21 is arranged, and a heat transfer tube 22 in the inside.
First absorber 12 in which is arranged, first regenerator 13 in which heat transfer tube 23 for heating is arranged, and heat transfer tube 24 in
With the first condenser 14 and the solution pump 36 on the way.
And a first diluted absorbent transfer pipe 3 for transferring the diluted absorbent diluted in the first absorber 12 to the first regenerator 13.
1, a first concentrated absorption liquid transfer pipe 32 for transferring the concentrated absorption liquid regenerated by the first regenerator 13 to the first absorber 12, and a first evaporation of the refrigerant liquid condensed in the first condenser 14. It is composed of a first refrigerant liquid transfer pipe 33 that is transferred to the container 11.

The second heat pump 2 has a second evaporator 41 in which a heat transfer tube 51 is arranged inside, a second absorber 42 in which a heat transfer tube 52 is arranged inside, and a gas heater 45 inside. 2nd regenerator 43 in which is arranged, the 2nd condensing part 44 constituted by the heat transfer tube 23 arranged in the above-mentioned 1st regenerator 13, and the solution pump 66 is interposed in the middle,
A second rare absorption liquid transfer pipe 61 that transfers the diluted absorption liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 42 into the second regenerator 43.
The second concentrated absorbent transfer pipe 62 for transferring the concentrated absorbent regenerated by the second regenerator 43 to the second absorber 42, and the refrigerant evaporated in the second regenerator 43 in the second condenser section 44. A certain heat transfer tube 2
The second refrigerant vapor transfer pipe 63 that transfers the refrigerant liquid to the inside of the fuel cell 3 and the second refrigerant liquid transfer pipe 64 that transfers the refrigerant liquid condensed in the second condenser section 44 to the second evaporator 41.

Further, in the absorption heat pump device according to the present embodiment, the first fluid transfer pipe 81 for supplying the heat exchange fluid to the heat transfer pipe 21 of the first evaporator 11, the first evaporator 11 and the second
A second fluid transfer pipe 82 that connects the heat transfer tubes 21 and 52 with the absorber 42, and a third fluid transfer pipe 83 that connects the heat transfer tubes 52 and 22 with the second absorber 42 and the first absorber 12.
And the heat transfer tubes 22 of the first absorber 12 and the first condenser 14,
A fourth fluid transfer pipe 84 for connecting the 24 to each other, a fifth fluid transfer pipe 85 for taking out a heat exchange fluid from the heat transfer pipe 24 of the first condenser 14, and a heat source fluid in the heat transfer pipe 51 of the second evaporator 41. A sixth fluid transfer pipe 86 for supplying and a seventh fluid transfer pipe 87 for discharging the heat source fluid from the heat transfer pipe 51 of the second evaporator 41.
And a first four-way switching valve (first switching means) 91 interposed between the second fluid transfer pipe 82 and the sixth fluid transfer pipe 86.
And a second four-way switching valve (second switching means) 92 interposed between the fifth fluid transfer pipe 85 and the seventh fluid transfer pipe 87.

The first and second four-way switching valve 9 described above
When hot water is obtained by appropriately switching 1, 92, the hot water as the heat exchange fluid is transferred to the heat transfer tubes of the first evaporator 11, the second absorber 42, the first absorber 12 and the first condenser 14. 21, 52, 22, and 24, the heat source fluid is made to flow into the heat transfer tube 51 of the second evaporator 41, and when cold water is obtained, the cold water as the heat exchange fluid is 1 Heat Transfer Tube 2 of Evaporator 11 and Second Evaporator 41
1, 51, and the heat source fluid is supplied to the second absorber 42, the first absorber 12, and the first condenser 14.
The heat transfer tubes 52, 22 and 24 are allowed to flow.

This configuration is a cycle of two-stage temperature raising double effect. The operation will be described below. A case where hot water is supplied to, for example, a heat exchange indoor unit to perform heating will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

First, the first and second four-way switching valves 91, 9
2 is switched as shown by the solid line in FIG. That is, the warm water A that has released heat and returned returns to the inside of the first evaporator 11 via the first fluid transfer pipe 81, where heat is once released and the temperature drops, and then the second fluid transfer. It enters into the second absorber 42 through the tube 82 and is heated. Then, via the third and fourth fluid transfer pipes 83 and 84, the first absorber 1
No. 2 and the first condenser 14 are sequentially transferred and further heated, and then sent to the indoor unit via the fifth fluid transfer pipe 85.

Heat source water (eg, low temperature water such as river water or sewage) C which is a heat source fluid is transferred into the second evaporator 41 through the sixth fluid transfer pipe 86 to evaporate the refrigerant. Then, it is discharged through the seventh fluid transfer pipe 87.

By the way, the heat supplied from the second evaporator 41 is used to heat the hot water whose temperature has been slightly lowered in the first evaporator 11, and then is substantially equal to the heat released from the first evaporator 11. The heat is received by the first absorber 12 and further heated by the first condenser 14. Therefore, although the heat transfer is reversed, the heat of the second evaporator 41 is heated to the second absorber 42,
It is transferred to the first evaporator 11, and further the first evaporator 1
What is heated from 1 to the 1st absorber 12 will heat warm water, and as a result, it will be heated to two steps.

A case where cold water is supplied to, for example, an indoor unit for heat exchange in order to perform cooling will be described with reference to FIG.
In this case, the first and second four-way switching valves 91 and 92 are switched as shown in FIGS.

That is, in this state, the cold water B is
It enters into the 1st evaporator 11 through the fluid transfer pipe 81, and is cooled here. Then, it enters the second evaporator 41 through a part of the second fluid transfer pipe 82, the first four-way switching valve 91 and a part of the sixth fluid transfer pipe 86, and is further cooled there. After that, it is sent to the indoor unit via a part of the seventh fluid transfer pipe 87, a part of the second four-way switching valve 92 and a part of the fifth fluid transfer pipe 85.

The cooling water (eg, low-temperature water such as river water and sewage) C that is a heat source fluid is part of the sixth fluid transfer pipe 86, one of the first four-way switching valve 91 and the second fluid transfer pipe 82. Into the second absorber 42 through the section and sequentially absorbs heat in the first absorber 12 and the first condenser 14 through the third fluid transfer pipe 83 and the fourth fluid transfer pipe 84, and then It is discharged to the outside through a part of the fifth fluid transfer pipe 85, the second four-way switching valve 92 and a part of the seventh fluid transfer pipe 87.

Here, the state at the time of each cycle operation is
Fig. 3 (during heating) and Fig. 4 show the Duhring diagram.
It becomes like (when cooling). Further, in FIGS. 3 and 4, E
Is an evaporator, A is an absorber, R is a regenerator, C is a condenser, and 1 in each subscript indicates the case of the first heat pump,
2 shows the case of the second heat pump.

By the way, in the above embodiment, the heat exchange fluid from the heat transfer pipe 52 of the second absorber 42 is passed from the first absorber 12 through the third fluid transfer pipe 83 and the fourth fluid transfer pipe 84. Although it was made to flow in series with the first condenser 14,
You may make it flow in parallel with the 1st absorber 12 and the 1st condenser 14.

That is, although not shown, one end of the fourth fluid transfer pipe 84 on the side of the first absorber 12 is connected to the third fluid transfer pipe 83.
The heat transfer tube 22 of the first absorber 12 is connected along the way.
Even when the bypass transfer pipe for transferring the heat exchange fluid from the above is transferred to the upstream side of the second four-way switching valve 92 of the fifth fluid transfer pipe 85, the same operational effect as that of the above-described embodiment is obtained.

In the above embodiment, the hot water is transferred in the order of the first evaporator → second absorber → first absorber → first condenser, and the heat source water is transferred to the second evaporator. However,
For example, conversely to this, hot water flows through the second evaporator, the first absorber, the second absorber, and the first condenser, and the heat source water is supplied first.
You may make it transfer to an evaporator. At this time,
The Dühring diagram during heating and cooling is shown in Fig. 5.
And as shown in FIG.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the four-way switching valve is used as each switching means.
An on-off valve and a bypass pipe may be used as shown in FIG.
That is, the first and second on-off valves 12 are provided in the middle of one fluid transfer pipe 101 and the other fluid transfer pipe 102, respectively.
1, 122, and the first of the fluid transfer pipes 101
The third opening / closing valve 12 is provided on the upstream side of the opening / closing valve 121 and on the downstream side of the second opening / closing valve 122 of the other fluid transfer pipe 102.
3 is provided to connect with the first bypass pipe 111, and the first open / close valve 121 of the fluid transfer pipe 102 is upstream of the second open / close valve 122 of the other fluid transfer pipe 102 and the first open / close valve 121 of the fluid transfer pipe 101
The downstream side is connected by a second bypass pipe 112 provided with a fourth opening / closing valve 124 on the way.

Therefore, the third and fourth on-off valves 12
By closing the valves 3,124 and opening the first and second on-off valves 121,122, the fluid in the fluid transfer pipes 111,112 can flow in a predetermined direction as indicated by solid arrows. And the first and second on-off valves 12
When the first and second on-off valves 123 and 124 are opened while the first and the second open-close valves 122 and 122 are closed, the flow of the fluid is exchanged between the bypass pipes 111 and 112 as shown by the dashed arrows. be able to. That is, the four-way switching valve 9
The same action as 1, 92 can be performed.

As described above, the cycle efficiency is improved from 1.97 to 2.06 (about 5%) by raising the temperature in two stages by using the heat pump function even during heating. You can This is because
Since the evaporation pressure in the first evaporator is high, the pressure difference between the first condenser and the first condenser is small, and the efficiency is improved.

As a method of raising the temperature in two stages, as described above, the first and second heat pumps are combined, and switching between cooling and heating is performed only by using two switching means on the external fluid side. Can be done with
Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a high degree of vacuum and to consider the corrosiveness. It is possible to realize a highly efficient absorption heat pump device with high reliability without touching the absorbent side. .

Further, in both cooling and heating, each device fully operates and the operating efficiency is improved.
The entire device can be made compact.

[0037]

According to the configuration of the present invention as described above, 2
Two heat pumps can be used in two stages to raise the temperature in two stages, and the absorption cycle can be performed in both cooling and heating, and the switching is performed by using two switching means. Therefore, it is only necessary to change the flow path of the external fluid flowing in the heat exchange fluid supply pipe, and therefore the device itself can be simplified, and it is necessary to maintain a high degree of vacuum and if corrosiveness is not taken into consideration. It is possible to realize a highly reliable and highly efficient absorption heat pump device without touching the absorbing liquid side, which is not necessary, that is, with a normal device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall structure of an absorption heat pump device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic overall configuration diagram explaining an operation of the absorption heat pump device in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a Duhring diagram showing a cycle during heating in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a Dühring diagram showing a cycle during cooling in the example.

FIG. 5 is a Duhring diagram showing a cycle during heating in a modified example of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a Duhring diagram showing a cycle during cooling in a modified example of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a modification of the switching means in the same embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing an overall outline of a conventional absorption-type cold / hot water device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 1st heat pump 2 2nd heat pump 11 1st evaporator 12 1st absorber 13 1st regenerator 14 1st condenser 21-24 Heat transfer pipe 41 2nd evaporator 42 2nd absorber 43 2nd regenerator 44th 2 Condensing part 51,52 Heat transfer pipe 81-87 Fluid transfer pipe 91 First four-way switching valve 92 Second four-way switching valve

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Tatsuhiko Umeda 5-3-8 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Takeshi Yano 5-28, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture Issue: Hitachi Zosen Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-56-127156 (JP, A) JP-A-60-245973 (JP, A) JP-A-1-98863 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An absorption heat pump device having a first heat pump and a second heat pump, the first heat pump comprising: a first evaporator for evaporating a refrigerant; and a refrigerant vapor evaporated by the first evaporator. A first absorber that absorbs the absorption liquid, and a first regenerator that absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the first absorber and heats the diluted diluted absorption liquid to separate the refrigerant vapor,
The first to condense the refrigerant vapor separated by the first regenerator
A second evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant, a second absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor evaporated by the second evaporator into an absorbing liquid, and a second absorber for the second heat pump. A second regenerator for absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the regenerator to heat the diluted diluted absorption liquid to separate the refrigerant vapor; and a refrigerant regenerator separated in the second regenerator in the first regenerator. And a first fluid transfer pipe for supplying a heat exchange fluid to the heat transfer pipe of the first evaporator, and the first evaporator. And the second
A second fluid transfer pipe connecting heat transfer pipes with the absorber, a third fluid transfer pipe connecting heat transfer pipes with the second absorber and the first absorber, the first absorber and the first A fourth fluid transfer pipe for connecting the heat transfer pipes to the condenser, a fifth fluid supply pipe for taking out the heat exchange fluid from the heat transfer pipe of the first condenser, and a heat source fluid in the heat transfer pipe of the second evaporator. And a seventh fluid transfer pipe for discharging a heat source fluid from the heat transfer pipe of the second evaporator, and a sixth fluid transfer pipe provided between the second fluid transfer pipe and the sixth fluid transfer pipe. And a second switching means interposed between the fifth fluid transfer pipe and the seventh fluid transfer pipe. When hot water is obtained, the first and second switching means are provided. By operating the means, the hot water as the heat exchange fluid is caused to flow in the heat transfer tubes of the first evaporator, the second absorber, the first absorber and the first condenser. With Unisuru, the heat source fluid second
When the cold water is made to flow in the heat transfer tube of the evaporator and the cold water is obtained, the first and second switching means are operated to make the cold water as the heat exchange fluid of the first and second evaporators. An absorption heat pump device, characterized in that the heat source fluid is caused to flow in the heat transfer tubes, and the heat source fluid is caused to flow in the heat transfer tubes of the second absorber, the first absorber and the first condenser. 2. The one end of the fourth fluid transfer pipe on the side of the first absorber is connected in the middle of the third fluid transfer pipe, and the heat exchange fluid from the heat transfer pipe of the first absorber is connected to the fifth fluid transfer pipe. The absorption heat pump device according to claim 1, further comprising a bypass transfer pipe that transfers the upstream side of the second switching unit.