JP2564582B2 - Method for controlling temperature in the upper space of carbonization chamber of coke oven - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention changes the charging coal upper surface level by adjusting the charging density irrespective of the charging amount of the coke furnace charging coal, The present invention relates to a method of controlling the upper space temperature of a carbonization chamber during carbonization by adjusting the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, combustion control of a coke oven has been carried out by continuously controlling the temperature of the combustion chamber, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-53,832 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-8868. However, even if the combustion chamber temperature is constant, there is a drawback that the upper space temperature of the carbonization chamber changes.

The upper space of the carbonization chamber refers to a space through which gas formed between the uppermost part of the coal bed charged in the carbonization chamber and the ceiling brick of the carbonization chamber passes.

In the conventional coke oven operation, the point was how to efficiently control the quality and amount of coke, and under the given charging conditions, only the flue temperature was the center of operation control as described above. When it was requested to produce the maximum amount of coke in a given time with the coke oven equipment that was once provided, the charging volume of the carbonization chamber was increased to reduce the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber at the time of charging. Although there were times, at this time it was necessary to increase the operating rate of the coke oven, so the flue temperature was also raised and the operation to shorten the fire fall time was carried out. It didn't matter.

Recently, the production of coke has been reduced, the operating rate of coke ovens has dropped,
Along with the energy-saving operation of the coke oven, reducing the charging amount of the carbonization chamber is contrary to energy conservation, and therefore work has been performed to lower the flue temperature while maintaining the upper volume of the carbonization chamber. As a result, the amount of heat consumed by dry distillation was drastically reduced, but the deterioration of the quality of by-products such as tar became noticeable, and it was necessary to review the dry distillation control of the coke oven from the viewpoint of maintaining the quality of products from tar and the like.

As a technique for this countermeasure, there is Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 172,584. This is to adjust the charging amount to the target charging height, charge the charging coal into the coke oven, and adjust the charging height with a leveler device that can level according to the charging amount. The carbonization height is kept uniform and the relative height relationship between the flue upper flame passage is maintained, and the carbonization byproduct is thermally reformed in the upper space of the carbonization chamber generated by this adjustment.

Further, in JP-A-61-9491, in order to raise the temperature of the upper space in the carbonization chamber, a temperature control mechanism such as electric heating and a radiant tube is provided in this portion.

Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-120890 discloses controlling the gas passage temperature in the upper part of the carbonization chamber to control the quinoline insoluble content in the generated tar. As a means for this, the burning rate is changed to select the flue top temperature by selecting the calorie of the fuel gas of the flue.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-120,891 focuses on the change in the quinoline insoluble matter in the tar during the carbonization process of coal, recovers the tar with a low quinoline insoluble matter during the middle of the carbonization, and the tar with a high quinoline insoluble matter at other times. Is to be collected.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The technique disclosed in JP-A-59-172,584 will be considered.
This is to set the charging coal height to the target position, reduce the charging coal amount, increase the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber and reform tar, but increase the upper space of the carbonaceous material. The qualitative idea that tar can be modified by
It has been known since the 30's, just against the increase in coke productivity,
It was not implemented because it leads to an increase in energy consumption per t of coke. Then, this technology becomes a technology that allows the leveler position to be adjusted up and down, lowers the leveler position to the target charging coal height, increases the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber, and reforms tar. . However, in the coke oven, the leveler device insertion opening is above the furnace lid, and making the opening unnecessarily large not only reduces the structural strength of the furnace lid, but also tends to cause gas leakage and the like. There's a problem. That is, the adjustment of the position of the leveler device is limited.

The technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 61-9491 is equipped with electric heating or an indirect heating device in order to control the temperature in the upper space of the carbonization chamber. It is extremely difficult to realize because there is a leveler reciprocation above the coal input and the coke rises due to the coke extrusion of the extruder. The means for controlling the temperature of the upper space of the carbonization chamber in JP-A-61-120890 is, after all, the calorie selection of the flue fuel gas.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-120891 focuses on the change of tar during the carbonization process, but aims at the fractional recovery by focusing on the quinoline insoluble matter in the tar.

The present invention is not a qualitative idea that the tar can be reformed simply by increasing the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber. The temperature of the furnace {flue temperature (hereinafter referred to as T _f )} and the upper space temperature of the carbonization chamber (hereinafter referred to as T _s Quantitatively clarifying the relationship with the above) by using the coking chamber head space volume as a parameter, and based on this relationship, a means for controlling T _s based on T _f and the coking chamber head space volume is provided.

It is an object of the present invention to control not only the quality and quantity of coke ovens, but also the quality of by-products. To control the quality of this by-product, pay attention to the fact that the approximate properties are determined by the temperature (T _s ) in the upper space of the carbonization chamber during carbonization and the residence time (τ) of the evolved gas. The upper space of the carbonization chamber by changing the factors that determine the charging density, such as the rate of addition of tar and heavy oil to the charging coal, the blending ratio of forming coal, particle size adjustment, and the water content of the charging coal, instead of the charging amount of It is to provide a method for quantitatively controlling T _s during the carbonization period independently of T _f by controlling the factors that affect the volume.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for achieving the above object while minimizing the increase in the energy intensity of coke that occurs when the charging amount of the coking chamber is reduced.

[Means for solving problems]

The present inventors have conducted earnest research to solve the above problems.

It has been conventionally known that the upper space temperature (T _s ) of the carbonization chamber is involved in the properties of by-products such as coal tar, but other factors and the mutual contribution rate of the factors are unknown. There were many. Therefore, in order to clarify the effect of coke oven operating conditions on tar quality, an experiment was conducted in which the operating conditions were widely changed, and the factor structure affecting coal tar quality was quantitatively clarified. As a result, the relationship between T _f and T _s with the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber as a parameter was clarified.Furthermore, the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber during carbonization was calculated as follows: Focusing on the fact that it is determined by the charging density, which is determined by the blending ratio of forming coal, particle size adjustment, charging water, etc., and found that the problems could be solved by adjusting these charging charac- teristics and completed the present invention. .

That is, the present invention obtains the relationship between the flue temperature and the carbonization chamber upper space temperature for each carbonaceous upper space volume in advance, and based on this relationship, the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber is increased or decreased by adjusting the charging density, so that during carbonization The method for controlling the temperature of the upper space of the coking chamber such as coke is characterized by controlling the temperature of the upper space of the carbonizing chamber to be a target value independently of the flue temperature.

 The present invention will be described in detail below.

The carbonization chamber upper space volume in the present invention, between the top of the coal bed charged in the carbonization chamber and the carbonization chamber ceiling brick, is the average volume of the space portion formed through the carbonization period, carbonization It refers to the space where the gases generated in the room gather and reach the base of the rising pipe.

Here, if the dimensions (width, height, length) of the carbonization chamber are known, the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber can be calculated by measuring the coal charging height at the time of charging.

The height of the coal charging is measured by, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-260687 previously proposed by the present applicant (a pipe is charged into the carbonization chamber from a coal charging port of a coke oven, and a fluid having a constant pressure is supplied in the pipe). And detecting the change in pressure of the fluid when the coal charged in the carbonization chamber reaches the pipe tip, and detecting the charging level of the coal.) And the like. It can be automatically measured.

Further, it is desirable to measure the temperature of the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the vicinity of the rising pipe where most of the gas generated in the carbonization chamber gathers.

As a specific example of increasing or decreasing the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber, not adjusting the charging amount as in the conventional method, but adjusting the addition ratio of heavy oil such as tar or heavy oil while maintaining the same charging amount. It can be changed by increasing or decreasing the charging density. In addition to the above-mentioned oiling, the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber can be increased / decreased by increasing / decreasing the charging density by adjusting the water content of the charging coal, adjusting the particle size and adjusting the blending ratio of the forming coal.

In the present invention, the coke chamber upper space volume in the coke oven is preset by adjusting the charging density as described above, and the coke chamber upper space temperature when the flue temperature (T _f ) is changed at that time. If each is obtained, the relation between T _f and T _s in the space volume determined by the charging adjustment unique to the coke oven is usually obtained as a linear relational expression.

Therefore, the relationship between T _f and T _s T can be varied by varying the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber by adjusting the factors that determine the charging density such as oiling, coal blending ratio, particle size adjustment, and charging coal moisture. If you obtain the formula in advance, T
Even when carbonization is performed under constant _{f, the} volume of carbonization chamber upper space (T _s ) during carbonization can be controlled independently of T _f by simply increasing or decreasing the volume of carbonization chamber upper space by adjusting the charging density. Can be controlled to.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Fig. 1 shows the relationship between T _f and T _s when the volume of carbonization chamber and the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber are changed by adjusting the amount of carbonization and the charging density.

As a comparative example, (i) shows the relationship between T _f and T _s when carbonization is carried out at a carbonization amount corresponding to the normal leveler height. It is clear that in this case it is impossible to independently control T _s to work together T _f to T _s is the basic factor determining the coke oven operating rate which is a premise of coke production.

B, according to the present invention, increases the charging density of the charging coal, which modifies the coking chamber head space volume and makes T _s independent of T _f.
Is an example in which

That is, despite the same amount of coal (t / charge) as b, the addition of 2% by weight of tar to the charged coal increased the charging density and expanded the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber. , And as a result, T _s increased.

It is clear that T _s rises as the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber increases.

In addition, since the charging density is increased by adding molded coal,
Compared to the case of normal operation (powdered coal charging), the coal charging height is lowered and the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber is expanded. Therefore, it is possible to increase T _s as in the case of reducing the amount of coal.

Table 1 shows examples in the case of normal operation (charcoal charging) and the case of blending coal. (The weight of charged coal per charge is the same.) Further, since the charging density also changes depending on the water content of the charging coal, it can be similarly used as a control means of T _s . An example thereof is shown in FIG.

Figure 2 shows the relationship between T _f and T _s when the water content of the charged coal is changed for the same amount of coal. It is clear that the smaller the water content of the charged coal, the larger the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber and the higher the temperature of the upper space of the carbonization chamber even at the same flue temperature.

Therefore, as is clear from these examples, even under the condition where the flue temperature (T _f ) is constant, the amount of coal charging is reduced, or the oiling by adding tar, the blending ratio of coal forming coal, or the adjustment of water content of charged coal is performed. By adjusting the charging density by any one of these or a combination thereof, the upper space volume V _s of the carbonization chamber can be increased, and the upper space temperature (T _s ) of the carbonization chamber can be set to any target value toward the high temperature side. It is clear that it can be controlled to.

Since the relationship between T _f and T _s differs depending on the type and shape of the coke oven, a relational expression was obtained in advance, and the charging coal amount, oiling amount, forming coal mixing ratio, charging coal water content, particle size distribution It is possible to control T _s to an arbitrary target value with _{respect to} the set temperature of T _f simply by obtaining the space volume in the upper part of the carbonization chamber at the time of coal charging in accordance with the change of the factor that determines the charging coal density.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the method of the present invention, if the carbonization chamber upper space volume is controlled by adjusting the charging density by adding heavy oil such as tar, charging coal moisture, forming coal blending ratio, adjusting charging coal particle size, T _s
Since T _f can be set to any target value independently of T _f, it is a technology that has paved the way for improving and controlling the quality of by-products that produce wrinkles due to factors such as lower coke oven operating rates and requests for energy-saving operations. It is a major invention that contributes to the coke industry by enabling the production of coke and maintaining its quality.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the flue temperature (T _f ) and the upper space temperature (T _s ) of the carbonization chamber with the upper space volume of the carbonization chamber as a parameter. Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the flue temperature (T _f ) and the upper space temperature (T _s ) of the carbonization chamber, with the water content of the charging coal as a parameter.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. The relationship between the flue temperature for each volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber and the temperature of the upper space of the carbonization chamber is obtained in advance, and the oil addition rate of the charging coal, the blending ratio of the forming coal, the particle size adjustment, the charging coal water content, etc. By adjusting the factor that determines the charging density of the coal, the upper level of the charging coal is changed, and thereby the volume of the upper space of the carbonization chamber is adjusted, and the temperature of the upper space of the carbonization chamber during carbonization is independent of the flue temperature. The method for controlling the temperature in the upper space of the coking chamber of the coke oven is characterized by controlling the temperature to a target value.