JP2566211B2 - Annular spring body made of fiber composite material - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an annular spring body made of fiber composite material for supporting a drive unit of an automobile, in particular, an engine in a vibrationally insulating manner.

[Prior Art] It is already known that such a spring body has a wound body having fibers wound in a plurality of layers and impregnated with a synthetic resin, and is fixed on two opposite side surfaces. ing.

Motor vehicle engines and speed reducers are typically supported by rubber and metal elements to dampen vibrations and especially to minimize noise transmission. However, such support elements have a number of drawbacks due to the device. That is, the static compression deflection increases with load due to rubber sag, which results in a deterioration of the acoustic insulation effect when the compression stopper is engaged early. As the rubber cures more dynamically, the dynamic stiffness of the support increases with increasing frequency, which facilitates the transmission of high frequency vibrations. If a very soft basic tuning of the support is selected as a countermeasure, this also leads to a large settling of the support. Also, the natural rubbers commonly used for engine support are only suitable for ambient temperatures up to about 120 ° C.

In contrast, DE 30 22 418 discloses a spring body made of fiber composite material, which has a frame-shaped configuration. However, this spring body is formed from a winding body laminated on the frame surface and a corresponding intermediate layer, which results in a very high rigidity of the winding body and makes the winding body suitable for further motor vehicle use. Can only be manufactured to dimensions that are not available.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to prevent the dynamic rigidity during frequency increase from increasing significantly beyond the static rigidity without sagging under static load. The object is to provide a spring body which ensures good acoustic insulation.

[Means for Solving the Problems] This object is based on the present invention in that a spring body is formed of a plurality of concentric winding bodies which are fitted to each other, and these winding bodies form an intermediate layer at least partially made of an elastic material. Are separated from one another by at least one surface side of the intermediate layer and are guided unfixed to the adjacent winding bodies, the attachment of the spring body being formed by a force-introducing element consisting of a metal arcuate piece, This is solved by an arcuate piece that at least partially surrounds the spring body and is connected to the spring body via an elastic rubber layer.

Such a wrap can be made sufficiently small and have a relatively thin wall thickness, the spring body having optimum spring properties without static settling and not dynamically hardening.

The individual interlocking wraps can then have contours extending parallel to one another and equal spacing over the entire circumference.

The intermediate layer can then consist of rubber which is vulcanized to the winding body.

On the other hand, in order to simplify the production, it is appropriate that the intermediate layer is composed of a rubber body wound obliquely with respect to the circumferential direction or a sliding foil wound in layers.

The sliding foil is purposely made from polytetrafluoroethylene.

In this case, in order to prevent cracks in the longitudinal direction, it is expedient for at least one surface side of the intermediate layer to be guided without being fixed to the adjacent wound body.

In order to obtain a non-linear spring characteristic curve, it is possible for the windings to be pulled in mutually opposite directions before the vulcanization of the rubber intermediate layer.

The purpose is that the tie rubber layer is vulcanized and bonded between the arcuate piece and the winding body. The rubber layer may be glued or simply tightened.

The arcuate piece is formed as a closed ring with a rectangular cross section and encloses the winding body and may have lateral connecting elements. However, it is also possible to make the arcuate piece from two U-shaped interlocking joint plates.

A rubber cushion may be vulcanized and bonded onto the inner surface of at least one arcuate piece as a compression stop.

At the same time, the pull stop can consist of elements that flex or loosen in the direction of compression, which elements can have stops that limit the extensional flexure path under tensile load. The tension stopper itself which loosens in the compression direction is the German Federal Utility Model Registration No. 1906 for rubber and metal components.
Known from specification 805.

In this case, the winding body can be given an initial stress by the pulling of the pulling stopper.

Embodiments Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing a plurality of embodiments of the spring body according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a spring body consisting of a single winding body 1, which has a substantially oval shape with two straight central parts and semicircular side parts. However, it may be any other closed geometric shape, such as an ellipse or a circle, depending on the desired requirements.

The wound body 1 is composed of a plurality of layers of fibers, and these fibers are mainly wound in an annular shape at right angles to the load direction. The outer layer 2 is shown at the break in the figure. However, one of the layers of the winding body 1, in particular the central layer 3, is a woven or outer layer 2 with transversely extending fibers.
The purpose is to consist of fibers wound at different angles than.

Although glass fibers are the main problem as reinforcing fibers, carbon fibers or aramid fibers are also conceivable, while thermosetting plastics can be mainly used as the curable matrix material, but for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK). It is also possible to use a thermoplastic such as.

The wound body 1 which has been wound, impregnated and hardened is fixed to the corresponding support points via the corresponding force-introducing elements on the opposite sides. This force-introducing element can, according to the exemplary embodiment shown, consist of an arcuate piece in the form of two U-shaped connecting plates 6, 7, which are fastened to one another via side rails 8, 9. And surrounds the long side surface of the wound body 1. Intermediate layers 10 and 11 made of rubber and having elasticity are arranged between the joining plates 6 and 7 and the wound body 1. These rubber layers 10 and 11 can be vulcanized and bonded between the joining plate 6 or 7 and the winding body 1. However, it is also possible to simply bond or sandwich the rubber layer there.

Further, a pull stopper 12 can be used as shown in FIG. This pulling stopper is made of, for example, a flexible wire rope, and is fixed to the receiving seat 13 of the crosspieces 8 and 9 of both force introducing elements. Such a pull stop 12 is flexible in the compression direction, but prevents the spring ring from expanding too much in the pull direction.

In addition to the embodiment shown, still other configurations of the pull stop are possible, but the pull stop should always be constructed so that it flexes or loosens in the direction of compression and that it provides a stroke limit in the direction of pull. .

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, two concentric and parallel windings 20, 21 are used, these windings extending over the entire circumference of the intermediate space and made of rubber and having an elastic intermediate layer. Connected to each other via 22.
At this time, the two winding bodies 20 and 21 are the winding body 1 shown in FIG.
It is manufactured in the same manner and with the same structure, and then a corresponding rubber layer 22 is inserted and vulcanized between the winding bodies 20 and 21.

At this time, the wound bodies 20 and 21 can be used without applying a force during vulcanization adhesion of rubber, that is, without initial stress. However, in order to obtain the specified residual stress,
Before vulcanization and adhesion, 20, 21 are partially inserted between the two winding bodies by inserting a rubber spacing piece so that the inner winding body 21 faces inward and the outer winding body 20 faces outward. It can also be tensioned, which makes it possible to obtain a non-linear or S-shaped static spring characteristic curve.

The connection to the engine or supporting point of the motor vehicle is carried out in the same manner as in the spring body shown in FIG.
And through the outer stud 15. However, it is also possible here to consider other connecting elements.

In the case of the spring body shown, an inner compression stop is additionally provided. This compression stop can, for example, consist of two rubber cushions 23 vulcanized on the inner arcuate piece 7. However, it is also possible to provide a rubber cushion only on one side or to use an integral continuous rubber cushion.

In the case of the spring body shown in FIG. 2, two winding bodies having a rubber layer which is vulcanized and bonded in the middle are used. However, it is also possible to use more than two windings with a corresponding number of rubber layers, depending on the demands and loads imposed.

Instead of vulcanizing and adhering the rubber layer 22 according to FIG.
It is also possible to form the intermediate layer by the rubber band 24 wound in layers as shown in the broken portion in the figure. In particular, a simplification of manufacture is thereby achieved. Because in that case the rubber band is directly on the inner winding body 21 in the continuous winding process.
This is because 24 is wound obliquely with respect to the circumferential direction. Then, subsequently, the outer winding body 20 is covered.

Instead of such a rubber band 24, it is also possible to use a sliding foil 25, which is in particular made of polytetrafluoroethylene. This slide foil is likewise rolled up in layers during the production of the spring body.
The purpose of this separately wound intermediate layer is to be fixed on one side to the adjacent winding body and to be guided on the other side without being fixed to the adjacent winding body. A bond is made between the inner wrap 21 and the intermediate layer 25, however, the intermediate layer 25 is not the outer wrap 20.
The goal is not to be bound to. Thus, by arranging one surface of the intermediate layer loosely without fixing it to the adjacent winding body, the intermediate layer can slide when a load is applied to cause a displacement between the two. Therefore, the generation of cracks and damages in the longitudinal direction of the spring body can be avoided. On the other hand, if the wound body is fixedly arranged on the intermediate layer, the spring body may crack when the load exceeds the shear strength of the intermediate layer.
The slidable intermediate layer according to the present invention significantly reduces dynamic stiffness and provides amplitude related friction damping,
This is particularly advantageous in the low frequency range. Therefore, the spring body according to the present invention exhibits a relatively high elasticity and a long life can be obtained even under a large load.

FIG. 4 shows another spring body with two winding bodies 30, 31, which winding bodies extend only parallel to one another in straight sections. In the case of this embodiment, the entire gap between the winding bodies 30 and 31 is not filled with rubber, but only the two parts 32, 33 are filled. This is sufficient for coupling with the corresponding desired characteristic curve. Here again, the outer wrap 30 is provided with force-introducing elements 34, 35 which are correspondingly vulcanized.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a spring body is shown with two winding bodies 40, 41 of different geometry. The cross section of the outer winding body 40 is then circular, while the inner winding body 41 is oval, the maximum length of which is slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the circular winding body 40. . Since it is purposeful that the inner winding body 41 is made much thinner than the outer winding body 40, both force introducing elements are bent and bent accordingly when the force is introduced.
The inner winding body 41 can be inflated toward the outside via 42 and 43.

In the case of this spring body, the entire hollow space between the winding bodies 40 and 41 is filled with rubber 44.

[Advantages of the Invention] In all of the above embodiments, a spring body that does not cause sag under a static load can be obtained. The monolithic spring body shown in FIG. 1 has a linear dynamic characteristic curve which is substantially independent of frequency with respect to the height of static stiffness, so that the dynamic stiffening and acoustic properties are increased, especially at increasing frequencies. Poor communication is avoided.

In the case of a multi-layer structure with a rubber layer connected in the middle, the damping properties and the compliance of the spring body can be positively influenced depending on the shape and length of the rubber bond.

Furthermore, operating temperatures of such spring bodies of up to 150 ° C. can be achieved when using corresponding resins. Furthermore, a weight reduction of up to 50% can be obtained compared to an equivalent rubber / metal support.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a spring body according to the present invention,
2, 4, and 5 are cross-sectional views of different embodiments of the spring body, and FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a modification of the spring body shown in FIG. 1; 20,21; 30,31; 40,41 ...... Rolled body 2 ...... Rolled layer 3; 22; 24,25; 32,33; 44 ...... Intermediate layer 6,7 ...... Arched piece 10, 11 ... … Rubber layer 12 …… Pulling stopper 13 …… Receiving seat 23 …… Rubber cushion

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Werner, Hund, Miyunchen 83, Federal Republic of Germany, Friedrichchen Engelsbogen 5 (72) Inventor Siegfried, Michelle Allershausen, Ammunger 26 (72) Invention Matthias, Richter German Federal Republic of Germany Inning, Warhishyu Tatsuter Shiyutrase 10 (56) Reference JP 57-29834 (JP, A) JP 60-125427 (JP, A) JP 58-124840 (JP) JP, A) JP 59-133842 (JP, A) Actual opening 59-98140 (JP, U) Actual opening 59-85439 (JP, U) Actual public 55-33074 (JP, Y2) Actual public Showa 54-9190 (JP, Y2)

Claims (16)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spring body (1) having a plurality of winding layers (2, 3) made of fibers impregnated with a synthetic resin for supporting a motor vehicle drive unit in a vibrationally insulating manner. In an annular spring body made of fiber composite material adapted to be attached in one place, the spring body (1)
However, there are several concentric windings (20, 2
1; 30,31; 40,41), the windings of which are at least partly composed of an intermediate layer (22,2)
4, 25; 32, 33; 44) separated from each other by the intermediate layer (2
4, 25) at least one surface side of which is guided to the adjacent winding body (20) without being fixed, and the mounting portion of the spring body (1) is made of a metal arcuate piece (6, 7). And the arcuate pieces at least partially surround the spring body (1) and have elastic rubber layers (10, 11; 3).
4, 35; 42, 43) connected to the spring body (1) via an annular spring body made of fiber composite material. 2. Individually fitted winding bodies (20, 21)
2. Spring bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that they have contours extending parallel to one another and equal spacing over the entire circumference. 3. The intermediate layer (22; 32, 33; 44) is a wound body (2;
The spring body according to claim 2, wherein the spring body is made of rubber vulcanized and bonded to 0, 21; 30, 31; 40, 41). 4. The spring body according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate layer comprises a rubber band (24) wound obliquely with respect to the circumferential direction. 5. A sliding foil (25) having an intermediate layer wound in layers.
The spring body according to claim 2, characterized in that 6. Spring body according to claim 5, characterized in that the sliding foil (25) consists of polytetrafluoroethylene. 7. Spring body according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding bodies (20, 21) are stretched in mutually opposite directions before the intermediate layer (22) is vulcanized and bonded. 8. Spring body according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber layer (10, 11) is vulcanized between the arcuate pieces (6, 7) and the spring body (1). 9. Spring body according to claim 1, characterized in that a rubber layer (10, 11) is glued between the arcuate pieces (6, 7) and the spring body (1). 10. Spring body according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber layer (10, 11) is clamped between the arcuate pieces (6, 7) and the spring body (1). 11. Spring body according to one of the claims 1 or 8 to 10, characterized in that the arcuate piece is formed as a closed ring with a rectangular cross section and encloses the spring body and has lateral connecting elements. 12. Spring body according to one of claims 1 or 8 to 10, characterized in that the arcuate piece consists of two joining plates (6, 7) which are U-shaped and clamped together. 13. The rubber cushion (23) is vulcanized and bonded to at least one of the arcuate pieces (7) as a compression stopper on the inner surface of the wound body (21). The described spring body. 14. Spring body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring body (1) has a tension stop (12) mounted on the arcuate piece (6, 7). 15. The pull stop (12) comprises elements that flex or loosen in the direction of compression, these elements having a seat (13) which limits the extensional flexing stroke under tensile loading. 14. The spring body described in 14. 16. Spring body according to claim 14, characterized in that the spring body (1) is given an initial stress by the attraction of the tension stopper (12).