JP2569374B2 - Shield excavator cutter plate - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a cutter plate in a shield excavator in which a cutter bit, which wears as a tunnel is excavated, is capable of adjusting an amount of protrusion from a cutter face plate according to the degree of wear. It is about.

2. Description of the Related Art A cutter member of a shield excavator has a holding member having a face plate having a radially open sediment intake opening and a plurality of cutter bits mounted along the sediment intake opening. The excavated earth is excavated by the rotation of the cutter plate together with the propulsion of the shield excavator, and the excavated earth and sand is taken into the machine through the earth and sand intake opening.

Thus, the cutter bit for excavating the face ground is
Conventionally, the length of the cutter plate protruding from the face plate is set to a fixed amount according to the geology of the ground to be excavated, and the cutter bit having the fixed length is integrally fixed to the holding member. The structure is adopted.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, when the cutter bit set to a predetermined amount of protrusion with respect to the face plate of the cutter plate is integrally fixed to the holding member, the excavation of the cutter bit in the initial stage of excavation. The ability can be demonstrated effectively,
As the excavation progresses, the cutter bit wears out, and its excavating ability is remarkably reduced, so that the excavation becomes impossible at last. Therefore, not only can a relatively short tunnel be excavated, but also the excavation efficiency increases as the excavation proceeds. There is a problem that it gradually decreases.

It is considered that such a problem can be solved by installing the cutter bit in a state where the protruding length of the cutter plate from the face plate is increased. Not only can you not stabilize,
The breakage of the cutter bit occurs, so
As described above, the cutter bit is fixed to the holding member with a protrusion amount optimal for excavation.

Further, as the cutter bit for digging the face ground is arranged from the center side to the outer peripheral side of the cutter plate, the degree of wear thereof increases, and therefore, as in the above-mentioned conventional cutter plate, If the cutter bit arranged on the outer circumference side and the cutter bit arranged on the inner circumference side are all protruded with the same length, the cutter bit on the outer circumference side will wear out in a short period of time. The projection length from the cutter plate is shorter than that of the cutter bit on the center side, and the excavating ability of the entire cutter plate is reduced.

In addition, when a certain part of the cutter bit is greatly worn due to a change in the soil due to gravel or the like existing in the excavation ground, the cutter bit cannot be used for subsequent excavation, and the excavation efficiency is reduced. There is a problem of being connected.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutter plate of a shield excavator capable of solving such a problem.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, a cutter plate of a shield excavator according to the present invention includes a cutter plate having a radially extending cutter bit holding member on a face plate of the cutter plate from a center portion of the cutter plate toward an outer peripheral edge. The cutter bit holding member is provided with earth and sand intake openings along both side edges thereof, and a plurality of face ground excavation cutter bits are provided on the both side edges at regular intervals in the radial direction of the cutter plate. In the cutter plate arranged,
All the cutter bits protrude forward from the front surface of the holding member, and the lengths of the cutter bits protruding from the front surface of the holding member are arranged so as to be adjustable. In accordance with the above, the projecting movement length of the cutter bit disposed on the outer peripheral side from the holding member is made larger than the cutter bit disposed on the inner peripheral side of the cutter plate. is there.

In this case, a plurality of cutter bits may be set as one set, and each set of cutter bits may be configured such that the length of protrusion from the front surface of the holding member can be adjusted.

(Function) When excavating the face ground by the rotation of the cutter plate together with the propulsion of the shield excavator, the face of the cutter plate is used to hold down the face and prevent collapse of the face ground, while preventing the collapse of the face ground. In this excavation, the excavation is started with the cutter bit protruding from the front surface of the holding member that is a part of the face plate. The amount of cutting is increased and the wear is intense, but the protruding movement length from the holding member from the inner cutter bit toward the outer cutter bit is increased in accordance with the wear amount. Therefore, only the cutter bit is pushed into the face ground while the face plate and the holding member of the cutter plate are pressed against the face, so that the excavating ability of the entire cutter plate is not reduced. The ability to constantly and efficiently excavate the cutting face ground, and to excavate smoothly while maintaining all cutter bits at the optimum excavation capacity that is almost the same as at the start of excavation even when constructing a long tunnel It is.

(Embodiment) The embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (1) is a shield excavator, in which a cutter plate (3) is provided at the opening front end of a skin plate (2), and the cutter plate (3) is provided. ) Is rotatably supported by the partition wall (4) via a support beam (5) protruding from the rear surface.

A center bit (6) protrudes from the center of the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3), and the cutter bit extends from the periphery of the center bit (6) toward the outer peripheral edge of the cutter plate (3). The holding members (7) are formed radially, and the sediment intake openings (8) (8) penetrating between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate (3) along both side edges of the holding members (7). Is drilled.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the holding member (7) has a front surface formed in a hollow rectangular tube shape flush with the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3), and has both side edges. In
Insertion holes (9) communicating between the front and rear surfaces are provided at small intervals in the length direction (radial direction of the cutter plate).

These insertion holes (9) form protrusions (7a) (7a) at small intervals in the length direction on both side surfaces of the holding member (7), and are formed under the protrusions (7a) (7a). By fixing the side plates (7b) and (7b) between the outer ends of the half portions, the side plates (7b) are surrounded by the side plates (7b) between the opposing surfaces of the adjacent protrusions (7a) and (7a) and the side surfaces of the holding member (7). The front end surface of the side plate (7b) is immersed rearward from the front surface of the holding member (7).

A rod-like arm (11) integrally fixed to the base end face of the cutter bit (10) is inserted through each of the insertion holes (9) thus formed so as to be able to protrude and retract freely.
The base side of 1) is projected rearward from the rear surface of the holding member (7), and the arms (11) (11) of the pair of cutter bits (10) (10) opposed to both sides with the holding member (7) interposed therebetween. )
Between the base ends of the support base (12) behind the holding member (7)
A hydraulic cylinder (13) is disposed in the holding member (7), and one end of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is pivotally attached to the front inner surface of the holding member (7). (13a) is pivotally connected to the center of the front surface of the support base (12) through the rear surface of the holding member (7).

Therefore, when the rod (13a) of the cylinder (13) is contracted, the support base (12) is pulled forward, and the pair of cutter bits (10) (10) is faced according to the rod contraction amount of the cylinder (13). It protrudes forward with respect to the front surface of the holding member (7) pressing the surface.

In the position where the cutter bit (10) is most retracted, that is, in a state where the rear end surface is in contact with the front surface of the side plate (7b), the cutter bit (10) protruding from the front surface of the holding member (7). The protruding length is formed substantially equal to the excavation start length of the conventional cutter bit, and from this state, it is pushed forward as described above according to the wear amount of the cutter bit (10).

Further, each pair of cutter bits (10) facing each side with the holding member (7) interposed therebetween may be independently advanced by the cylinder (13) via the support base (12). However, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the length direction of the holding member (7) (the radial direction of the cutter plate).
The cutter bit (10) is integrally fixed to one support base (12) via an arm (11) every several pairs, and a plurality of cutter bits (10) are provided at an inner diameter portion, an intermediate portion, and an outer diameter portion of the cutter plate (3). The pair of cutter bits (10) are configured to be able to move forward and backward.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a center bit (6) protruding from the center of the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3) has a face plate (3a) formed in a hole formed in the center of the face plate (3a). The rear part of the support member (14) fitted from the back side of 3a) is fitted so as to be able to move back and forth, and the rear end face of the center bit (6) and the center of the rear end of the support member (14). A hydraulic cylinder (15) is connected between the sections, and the amount of protrusion of the face plate (3a) can be adjusted by the operation of the cylinder (15).

The front end of a hydraulic supply pipe (16) communicating with the inside of the cutter plate (3) is integrally connected to the center of the rear surface of the cutter plate (3) and the rear end of the hydraulic supply pipe (16). Is
As shown in FIG. 1, a swivel (not shown) is rotatably supported at the rear end of the hydraulic supply pipe (16) rotatably supported by the partition (4) and protruding from the partition (4) into the shield excavator (1). 17)
A plurality of hydraulic hoses (18) are connected through the, and each hydraulic hose (18) is connected to the cylinder (13) (15) from inside the hydraulic supply pipe (16) through the inside of the cutter plate (3). Each of the shillings (13) and (15) is operated independently.

As is well known, the shield excavator (1) has a motor (19) for rotating and driving the cutter plate (3) disposed on the back side of the partition (4), and the front end opening is formed with the partition (4). A soil removal device such as a screw conveyor that penetrates and faces the sediment intake chamber (20) between the cutter plate (3) and the bulkhead (4)
1), and a plurality of propulsion jacks (2
2) and a segment assembling device (23) are provided.

The shield excavator (1) configured as described above moves forward by operating the propulsion jack (22) by supporting the reaction force on the segment (24) assembled in the tail portion of the skin plate (2), and moving the motor forward. By rotating the cutter plate (3) by the operation of (19), the face ground is excavated while the face face is held by the face plate of the cutter plate and the holding member to form a tunnel, and the excavated earth and sand is formed. Is taken into the sediment intake chamber (20) from the sediment intake opening (8) and transported into the tunnel through the earth removal device (21).

The excavation of the cutting ground is performed by using a cutter bit (see FIG. 1) that projects forward from both sides of the holding member (7) radially disposed on the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3) with respect to the front surface of the holding member (7). The cutter bit (10) wears from its tip as the shield excavator (1) advances.

When a tunnel of an appropriate length is excavated by the excavation of the shield excavator (1), and the tip of the cutter bit (10) is worn out, the cylinder (7) provided in the holding member (7) through the hydraulic hose (18). 13) By supplying pressure oil to the support base (12) and advancing the support base (12), the cutter bit (10) can be adjusted to the above-mentioned worn-out dimension via the arm (11) fixed to the support base (12). To protrude forward.

At this time, the cutter bit (10) provided on the outer peripheral side has a greater amount of wear than the cutter bit (10) disposed on the inner peripheral side of the cutter plate (3). The support base (12) of a plurality of pairs of cutter bits (10) disposed at the front is advanced more than the support base (12) on the inner peripheral side,
Adjust the cutting ground so that all cutter bits (10) excavate it evenly.

If the tip of the cutter bit (10) is damaged due to the presence of gravel or the like, the support base (12) on which the cutter bit (10) is mounted is advanced to make it equal to other cutter bits (10). The excavation capacity is adjusted.

On the other hand, since the center bit (6) protruding from the center of the cutter plate (3) is also worn as it is excavated, the hydraulic cylinder (15) is operated in accordance with the amount of wear to make it protrude forward. is there.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a modification of the present invention. In the above embodiment, a pair of cutter bits (6) are mounted on each of the plurality of support bases (12) divided in the radial direction. , The sediment intake opening (8) without dividing the support (12)
And one support arm (12 ') arranged in the radial direction of the cutter plate (3) along the back side of the support arm (12'). A cutter bit (10) having a length increasing toward the outer peripheral side of the plate (3) is protruded, and an inner end of the support arm (12 ') is provided with the center bit (6). A pivot (25) is pivotally attached to the outer peripheral surface of the member (14) in the front-rear direction, and further, a hydraulic pressure is applied between the outer end of the rear surface and the rear surface of the cutter plate rotatably supported by the partition (4). They are connected by a cylinder (26).

With this configuration, if the hydraulic cylinder (26) is extended, the amount of movement of the support arm (12 ') from the holding member (7) forward from the inner end to the outer end increases. Therefore, as the cutter bit on the outer end side is more worn out, the amount of movement of the cutter bit (10) protruding from the holding member (7) pressing the face is increased, and the cutting bit by each cutter bit (10) extends over the front surface of the cutter plate. It is possible to achieve uniformity.

(Effect) As described above, according to the cutter plate of the shield excavator of the present invention, the cutter bit holding member is radially arranged on the face plate of the cutter plate from the center of the cutter plate toward the outer peripheral edge. A cutter plate in which earth and sand intake openings are provided along both side edges of the holding member and a plurality of face ground excavating cutter bits are arranged at regular intervals in the radial direction of the cutter plate on the both side edges. , All the cutter bits protrude forward from the front surface of the holding member, and the length of the cutter bits protruding from the front surface of the holding member is arranged so as to be adjustable. Depending on the amount, the projecting movement length of the cutter bit arranged on the outer periphery side from the holding member of the cutter bit arranged on the inner periphery side of the cutter plate When excavating the face ground with a cutter bit by rotating the cutter plate together with the promotion of shield excavation, the amount of cutting of the face ground becomes greater as the cutter bit is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the cutter plate as the shield drilling is promoted. The amount of wear increases and the amount of wear increases. By increasing the length of protrusion from the holding member from the inner cutter bit toward the outer cutter bit in accordance with the amount of wear, the excavation capacity of the entire cutter plate is increased. It is possible to constantly and efficiently excavate the face ground without lowering the ground.

At this time, the face face of the cutter plate and the holding member are constantly pressed against the face face to prevent collapse of the face ground,
Only the cutter bit is cut into the face ground by the holding member, and the face ground can be reliably excavated. Even when constructing a long tunnel, all the cutter bits have the optimum excavation capacity which is almost the same as at the start of excavation. It is possible to excavate smoothly while maintaining it.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal side view, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of a holding member portion provided with a cutter bit, FIG. Is the third
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view taken along line AA, FIG. 5 is FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the cutter bit is worn out, FIG.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a center bit portion, FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view thereof, and FIG. 10 is a simplified longitudinal sectional side view showing a modification of the present invention. (1) ... shield excavator, (3) ... cutter plate,
(3a) ... face plate, (6) ... center bit, (7) ...
... holding member, (8) ... sediment intake opening, (9) ... insertion hole, (10) ... cutter bit, (11) ... arm,
(12)… support base, (12 ′)… support arm, (13)
(15) (26) ... Hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutter bit holding member is radially arranged on a face plate of a cutter plate from a center portion of the cutter plate to an outer peripheral edge, and a sediment intake opening is formed along both side edges of the cutter bit holding member. In a cutter plate having a plurality of face ground excavating cutter bits provided on both side edges thereof at regular intervals in a radial direction of the cutter plate, all the cutter bits are moved forward from the front surface of the holding member. Projecting toward the front side of the holding member and the length of these cutter bits projecting from the front surface is adjustable.
In accordance with the amount of wear of the cutter bit due to the excavation, the length of the projecting movement of the cutter bit disposed on the outer peripheral side from the holding member of the cutter bit disposed on the inner peripheral side of the cutter plate is increased. A cutter plate for a shield excavator, wherein the cutter plate is configured as described above. 2. A cutter arm is mounted on a support arm arranged in the radial direction of the cutter plate along the back side of the earth and sand intake opening from the cutter bit on the inner peripheral side of the cutter plate to the cutter bit on the outer peripheral side. The support arm is protruded in a state where the length is lengthened sequentially. According to the amount, the projecting movement length of the cutter bit disposed on the outer peripheral side from the holding member is made larger than the cutter bit disposed on the inner peripheral side of the cutter plate. The cutter plate of the shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein