JPH0774597B2 - Tunnel prelining equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a pre-lining along a tunnel outer periphery from a tunnel outer peripheral edge of a face portion to a ground in front when a tunnel is excavated.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the method of spraying concrete on the excavated wall surface after excavating the tunnel space has been widely used for tunnel lining, but the loosening of the ground that occurs between tunnel excavation and lining is suppressed. If the ground is soft and unconsolidated ground or there is groundwater, it is extremely dangerous because the face collapses and the ground skin falls off during the lining work, and the ground is stable. It is difficult to let

Further, when concrete is sprayed on the wall surface of the tunnel, a large amount of bounce and dust are generated, and there is a problem that loss of material and deterioration of working environment cannot be avoided.

Therefore, from the outer peripheral edge of the tunnel of the face to the ground in front,
An arch-shaped slot along the outer circumference of the tunnel is excavated to a desired depth, and the slot is filled with concrete to form a lining (pre-lining) before tunnel excavation, and then the ground surrounded by the concrete is excavated. A method of excavating a tunnel by repeating the work of doing was developed,
In this way, as the excavation device for the slot in the construction method,
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a device has been developed so that multiple earth augers are connected in a parallel state and a circular excavation cross section by each earth auger can be continuously excavated to form a slot having a constant width.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in such a multiple earth auger, the width of the slot to be excavated is always constant, and therefore, even if the slots are drilled in a state where the adjacent slots communicate with each other on the face of the face, Since the digging direction is formed in a divergent shape so as to incline in the diameter expansion direction of the tunnel, there will be a gap between adjacent groove holes on the groove hole tip side, and concrete will be inserted in the groove holes. If the ground on the inner side of the ground is excavated after filling, there are problems that the soft ground collapses from the gap portion and spring water is generated.

In addition, the shape of the slot hole excavated by the multiple earth auger is a shape in which the circular holes by the adjacent earth augers are partly overlapped, that is, the peripheral wall has an uneven shape, so the excavation area is relatively small. There is a problem that an effective area for tunnel lining becomes small and more material than necessary is required to obtain a desired lining thickness.

Further, in order to eliminate the occurrence of the gap between the groove hole tip portions as described above, it is sufficient to overlap a part of the groove holes adjacent to each other on the face face side. The joints in the cross-sectional direction between the portions are point-joint with a circular cross-section, and there are problems that the rigidity of the lining is reduced and the waterproofness is insufficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and provide an apparatus capable of forming a pre-lining having a constant thickness and continuous along a tunnel cross-sectional shape.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the pre-lining device of the present invention has a rectangular hollow shield frame having a constant thickness with both end faces opened, and a shaft core that is open to the outside of one opening of the shield frame. And a slotted excavator with a digging bit movably supported outward by a direction control jack connected to the inside of the shield frame, and provided at an appropriate position on the rear wall surface of the shield frame. The earth and sand discharge port, a press member slidably arranged on the other side of the shield frame and pressed inward and outward by a press jack connected to the shield frame, and the other side opening of the shield frame through the press member. It is characterized in that it is composed of a pouring mechanism for pouring concrete on the end side.

[Action]

First, a cavity in which the device of the present invention can be arranged is excavated at one end of the outer periphery of the cross section of a tunnel to be excavated by an appropriate excavator, and then the device of the present invention is directed into the cavity with its one open end facing in the traveling direction. In addition, it is arranged in a state of being inclined outward and obliquely toward the front.

After that, when the slot excavator arranged along the opening end on one side is rotated and the direction control jack is extended by applying a reaction force to the press member side in the opening on the other side, the slot excavator crosses the tunnel section. The trench is excavated in the ground while being pressed in the outer peripheral direction.

The excavated earth and sand is discharged from the discharge port provided in the shield frame to the cutting face.

The slot excavator is controlled by the direction control jack so as to follow the outer circumference of the tunnel cross-section, and after excavating for one stroke length of the direction control jack, the press jack is extended while the direction control jack is contracted to shield the shield. The frame is propelled into the slot excavated by the slot excavator.

Then, through the inside of the press member, concrete is placed from the other opening end side of the shield frame to the groove hole of the propulsion mark of the shield frame, and the press jack is contracted according to the placement to the other end opening side of the shield frame. The pre-lining portion is formed to have a length of one excavation.

A step of excavating this pre-lining portion with a fixed length slot by the slot excavator, a step of propelling a shield frame into the slot, and a step of placing concrete in the slot of the propulsion mark of the shield frame. By repeating the above steps, a series of arc-shaped pre-linings having a certain thickness are formed on the outer circumference of the tunnel cross-section, and are inclined outward in the forward direction on the outer circumference of the tunnel cross-section. .

After that, a tunnel of a constant length is obtained by excavating the ground surrounded by the prelining leaving the front end of the prelining, and the above working steps are repeated toward the front of this constant length tunnel. While forming the tunnel lining.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 2, (1) has openings on both end faces (2) (3).
A rectangular hollow shield frame with a fixed thickness, and rectangular upper and lower frame plate parts (1a) that face each other with a fixed thickness interval.
Between the front and rear edges of (1b), the oblong and rectangular frame plate parts (1
c) It is formed by integrally fixing (1d).

A partition plate (4) curved in a semicircular shape toward the other side is arranged in the front-rear direction in one end of the shield frame (1), and the front and rear ends and upper and lower end surfaces of the partition plate (4) are arranged. The front and rear frame plate parts (1c) (1d) and the upper and lower frame plate parts (1a) of the shield frame (1)
By integrally fixing to the facing surface of (1b), the inside of the shield frame between the partition plate (4) and the one side opening (2) is formed in the earth and sand discharge chamber (5). A discharge port (6) communicating with the earth and sand discharge chamber (5) is provided at one end of the plate portion (1d).

(7) is an ejector consisting of a screw auger arranged in the earth and sand discharge chamber (5), and the front end of its shaft is rotatably supported on the inner surface of the front frame plate part (1c) of the shield frame (1). In addition, the rear end of the shield frame (1) is projected from the rear frame plate part (1d) of the shield frame (1) through the discharge port (6), and the projecting end is connected to the motor (9) installed on the support base (8). It is connected.

(10) is a slot excavator consisting of a screw auger with an excavation bit (11), which is arranged in parallel with the above-mentioned soil excavator (7) on the outer side of the opening (2) on one side of the shield frame. A groove bottom excavation cutter (11a) is provided at the front end of the rotation center shaft, and bearing members (12) are fitted to the front and rear ends and the center of the cutter. The rod ends of a pair of upper and lower direction control jacks (13) (14) are pivotally attached to the
It is connected. Further, the rear end of the central axis of this slot excavator (10) is provided in parallel with the support base (8).
It is connected to the motor (16) installed above.

The direction control jacks (13) (14) are shield frames (1).
It is arranged in the space between the support plate (17a) fixed to the central part of the inside and the partition plate (4), and the end of the support plate (17a) is connected and supported and the rod is partitioned. Board (4)
Through a hole formed in a predetermined portion of the above, and is projected toward the one side opening (2) side.

(18) is a hollow vertically long rectangular box-shaped press member slidably disposed in the other side portion between the support plate (17a) and the other side opening portion (3) of the shield frame (1), and is arranged vertically and vertically. The front and rear end surfaces are slidably contacted with the inner surface of the shield frame (1) and are moved forward and backward in the inner and outer directions by a press jack (19) arranged at an appropriate interval in the front and rear direction.

These press jacks (19) (19) are provided with a support plate (17) arranged close to the other side surface of the partition plate (4).
It is pivotally attached to and supported by b), and its rod tip is connected to the front and rear portions of one side surface of the press member (18).

(20) is a pouring mechanism for pouring concrete through the inside of the press member (19) to the other open end side of the shield frame (1). The pouring pipe (20a) is inserted into the press member (18). ,
Press members (1
8) A plurality of driving holes (20b) (20b) opened from the other side wall toward the other side opening end of the shield frame (1) are continuously provided, and the rear part is the rear wall of the press member (18). It is pulled out rearward from the horizontally elongated hole (21) opened in the rear frame plate portion (1d) of the shield frame (1) and passed through the valve (22) to the concrete supply source through the flexible concrete supply pipe. It is made to communicate.

The tunnel pre-lining device configured in this way is
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, tunnels the support bases (8) and (15) on which the drive motors (9) and (16) of the earthmoving machine (7) and the slot excavator (10) are installed. It is used in a state of being fixed to a moving table (24) on a carriage (23) curved in an arch shape along a sectional shape.

The carriage (23) is arranged so as to be movable in the length direction of the tunnel, and the rear frame (23b) is formed to have a slightly smaller diameter than the front frame (23a) so that its arcuate outer peripheral surface faces forward. It is one that is tilted outward.

The movable table (24) has rollers (25) (25) rotatably supported on the front and rear lower surfaces thereof rotatably engaged with the arcuate frame of the carriage (23) so as to rotate in a circumferential direction via an appropriate drive mechanism. It is configured to be movable.

In order to form the pre-lining along the outer circumference of the tunnel cross section by the pre-lining device movably arranged in the circumferential direction along the carriage (23) as described above, first, the cross section of the tunnel cross section to be excavated on the cutting edge surface is to be formed. A cavity (26) in which a prelining device can be arranged at one end of the outer periphery is excavated by an appropriate excavator, and then the prelining device is advanced along the inclined upper surface of the moving table (24) to cause the cavity (26). The prelining device is inserted into the inside thereof with its one side opening (2) directed in the traveling direction and inclined forward and outward, and in this state, the motor support base (8) is placed on the movable base (24). ) Fix (15).

After that, the motors (9) (16) are operated to rotate the slot excavator (10) and the soil excavator (7), and at the same time, the other side opening (3) is pushed to the press member (18) side. When the direction control jacks (13) (14) are extended by applying force, the slot hole excavator (10) is pressed in the outer peripheral direction of the tunnel cross section to excavate the slot hole (27) in the ground.

At this time, the slot excavator (10) is operated by the vertical control jack (1
3) It is controlled by (14) so as to follow the outer periphery of the tunnel cross section, and the drive motors (9) (16) of the slot excavator (10) and the soil excavator (7) have their support bases (8). (15) is fixed on the moving base (24), and since this moving base (24) moves while engaging with the arcuate outer peripheral surface of the carriage (23),
The slot excavator (10) and the earth removing machine (7) excavate an arcuate slot (27) by the slot excavator (10) while moving in a direction along the arcuate outer peripheral surface of the carriage (23). The excavated earth and sand is transported backward in the earth and sand carrying-out chamber (5) by the earth unloading machine (7), and is discharged from the discharge port (6) to the face side.

In this way, the press jack (19) is extended after the directional control jacks (13) (14) have been dug by one stroke length, while the direction control jacks (13) (14) are contracted to shield the shield frame (1). Are propelled into the slot (27) excavated by the slot excavator (10).

Next, the placing pipe (20a) of the concrete placing mechanism (20)
Concrete is supplied to the press member by pouring concrete from the pouring port (20b) into the groove hole (27) of the propulsion mark of the shield frame (1) and shrinking the press jack (19) according to the pouring. (18) Shield frame (1)
While retreating into the other end opening (3), the pre-lining portion (28a) for one excavation length is formed on the other end opening (3) side of the shield frame (1).

Then, the direction control jacks (13) and (14) are extended again, and the slot hole excavator (10) is used to form the slot hole (27) along the outer periphery of the tunnel cross section for one stroke of the jacks (13) and (14). After excavating, the press jack (19) is extended to squeeze the pre-lining portion (28a) already placed by the press member (18) while pre-lining the pre-lining portion (28).
The shield frame (1) is pulled to the slot excavator (1
While propelling it into the slot (27) excavated by
Following the propulsion, the direction control jacks (13) (14) are contracted, and then the concrete is poured while the press member (18) is retracted into the groove hole (27) of the propulsion mark.

In this way, a step of excavating a fixed length slot by the slot excavator (10), a step of propelling the shield frame (1) into the slot (27), and a propulsion mark of the shield frame (1). Slots for (27)
By repeatedly performing the step of placing concrete in the tunnel, the pre-lining part (28a) is continuously formed along the outer circumference of the tunnel cross-section, and the outer circumference of the tunnel cross-section is slanted outward and fixed at a constant angle. A series of arched prelinings (28) having a thickness are formed.

After that, a tunnel of a certain length is obtained by excavating the ground surrounded by the prelining (28) leaving the front end of the prelining (28). The tunnel lining is formed by repeating the above-mentioned work steps.

In order to facilitate the formation of the arch-shaped prelining (28), the upper and lower frame plate portions (1a) and (1b) of the shield frame (1) are formed on a curved plate to gently bend the entire body. Alternatively, the central portion may have a structure such that it can be bent by a hinge connection or the like.

Further, since the earth and sand can be discharged by the groove excavator, it is not always necessary to provide the earth discharging machine (7). Further, the slot excavator (10) does not have to be a screw auger type, and may have a shape suitable for excavating a slot, such as a cylindrical rotary excavator having a large number of excavation bits projecting on the outer peripheral surface.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the pre-lining device of the present invention, a rectangular hollow shield frame having a constant thickness with both end faces opened, and a shaft core on the outside of one side opening of this shield frame A slotted excavator equipped with a drill bit, which is installed alongside and movably supported outward by a direction control jack connected to the inside of a shield frame, and a sand and sand discharge provided at an appropriate place on the rear wall surface of the seal frame. An outlet, a press member slidably disposed in the other side portion of the shield frame and pressed inward and outward by a press jack connected to the shield frame, and the other side opening end side of the shield frame through the press member. Since it is composed of a pouring mechanism for pouring concrete on the press member side, a groove with a certain width can be formed by propelling the groove hole excavator by extending the direction control jack while applying a reaction force to the press member side. Along the outer periphery of one stroke only tunnel cross-sectional shape of the control jack can be reliably drilled, those capable of drilling a slot in the correct direction while controlled by the drilling direction directional control jack.

Further, by extending the press jack and contracting the direction control jack, the shield frame can be propelled into the slot drilled by the excavator and the shield frame is passed through the inside of the press member while contracting the press jack. It is possible to easily form a pre-lining part with a certain thickness along the outer circumference of the tunnel cross section by placing concrete in the groove hole of the propulsion mark of
Moreover, such a pre-lining portion can continuously form a pre-lining having a constant thickness without a joint by repeating the above-mentioned excavation and concrete placing steps, thus increasing the rigidity of the pre-lining. In addition to being able to do so, the water stopping property is also improved.

In addition, since the lining can be applied before excavating the tunnel cross section, the cutting face is stable, the displacement of the tunnel is small, and the subsidence of the ground at the surface and the influence on the underground structure can be reduced. It is also possible to excavate large-section tunnels using.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of the present apparatus, FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view, FIG. 3 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a prelining formation state, and FIG. It is the front view. (1) …… Shield frame, (2) …… One side opening, (3)
...... Opening on the other side, (6) …… Sediment discharge port, (7) …… Earth removal machine, (10) …… Groove excavator, (13) (14) …… Direction control jack, (18) ...... Press member, (19) …… Press jack, (20) …… Concrete placing mechanism.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 999999999 Maeda Construction Industry Co., Ltd. 2-1026 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Yoshio Adachi 1 Asahi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefectural Government Civil Engineering Research Institute ( 72) Inventor Toshinori Mizutani, Asahi 1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Asahi, Civil Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of Construction (72) Inventor Shigeru Inano 1 Asahi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Civil Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of Construction (72) Inventor, Mamoru Konishi Osaka, Osaka 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku Okumura-gumi Co., Ltd. (72) Masayuki Hamano 3-1-1 Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. Kobe factory (72) Inventor Yukio Kakiuchi Tokyo 2-1-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Kumagai Gumi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Sadahiko Takamori 2-10-2 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 6 in Maeda Construction Industry Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-3-257284 (JP, A) JP-A-3-257292 (JP, A) JP-A-3-257297 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular hollow shield frame having a constant thickness with both end faces opened, and a shield frame which is arranged outside the one side opening of the shield frame with a shaft core along the opening. A grooved hole excavator with a drill bit movably supported outward by a direction control jack connected in the shield frame,
A earth and sand discharge port provided at an appropriate position on the rear wall surface of the shield frame, and a press member slidably disposed on the other side of the shield frame and pressed inward and outward by a press jack connected to the shield frame. A prelining device for a tunnel, which comprises a placing mechanism for placing concrete on the other open end side of the shield frame through the press member.