JP2580488B2 - Sorting machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to miscellaneous mixed waste including sticky waste such as garbage left in restaurants from building waste generated during house demolition and waste carried out from homes and offices, compost, bark, etc. The present invention relates to a sorting machine that sorts wood chips, earth and sand, crushed stones, and the like according to size, weight, and repulsion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a sorter of this type, there are a trommel and a vibrating sieve, etc., which are used to shake mixed wastes and materials of various sizes by vibrating them to remove the size of screens and sieves. Selection has been made as appropriate, or sorting has been performed according to particle size by gradually changing from small to large.

[0003]

Rope, various kinds of strings and tapes are mixed in the waste, and they are wrapped around the spiral body which feeds the waste during the sorting operation to remove the waste. In addition to this, the operation may have to be interrupted, and if wet or wet garbage or compost is mixed in, the screen or sieve may be clogged and sediment, etc., cannot be separated. There is fear. In addition, vibration and noise are considerably large, and the installation place is restricted.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is mixed with a wide range of wastes from construction waste to food waste from restaurants, compost from farmers, bark from sawmills, and wood chips. Even if there is a large amount of sediment and crushed stone material without clogging, it is continuously sorted in large quantities at least to three types. Kimono can be separated, overlapping can be separated, and especially objects in bags and containers can be separated and sorted.Self-cleaning action does not cause clogging, new openings appear constantly, sorting accuracy is high, and processing capacity is large and light. If it is a thing, it can be sent out in the direction of rotation of the rotor so that the rope, string, and tape do not wrap around, and there is no vibration that can sift wet or wet sewage, earth and sand, compost, low noise, Convenient biasing foundation work, also structure the overall length is easy is an object of the present invention to provide an effortless sorting machine of the corner short maintenance.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a sorting machine according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a sorting and conveying block in an inclined state, from which an object to be sorted is supplied from above, and a sorting block from an upper end thereof. From a large number of rotors arranged so as to form substantially the same inclined plane parallel to each other at intervals to the lower end part and to project upward from the inclined plane at least at one or more places at least partially. Each rotor has a plurality of protruding members protruding from the peripheral surface so that adjacent ones vertically and horizontally do not hit each other to form a sieve in which minute or small objects fall. All or most of them are rotationally driven so as to apply a conveying force from the lower end to the upper end of the sorting / conveying block. From the lower end, the medium-sized / large type is formed by the jumping action and the inclination caused by the conveying rotation by the rotor. Repulsion thereof and rolling easy ones, taken out while permitting sliding of heavy, non-rebound material and rolling difficult ones, it is characterized by unloading the weight thereof to the upper end.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the protruding body is formed such that meshes of rotors adjacent to each other are interdigitated to form a sieve. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the protruding body, the rotors adjacent to each other in front and rear face each other with a space therebetween and a sieve mesh can be formed between the rotors adjacent to the left and right of the same rotor. Further, as in claim 4, the protrusion has a circular or polygonal plate shape, and may have a plurality of protrusions on at least one side surface. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the projecting body includes a large number of finger-like projections, and each projection can have a plurality of projections arranged on at least one side surface. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the sorting / conveying block has an opening for dropping a repellent or rolling object or a heavy object at a lower end portion, a sorting object supply opening above an intermediate portion, and a non-repellent material at an upper end portion. First air ejecting means for covering the lower part of the housing except for the lower part thereof, and generating airflow obliquely upward at the lower end of the housing, and the rotor, And a second air jetting means for jetting air to the lower side upstream of the approaching portion. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the sorting / transporting block is configured such that an inclination angle is adjusted by an expansion / contraction device, and the rotation speed of the rotor is changed individually or in groups. It is also configured.

[0007]

In the sorting machine according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure, the sorting and transporting block in the inclined state is such that a plurality of rotors are parallel to each other and the adjacent protruding bodies of the rotors do not hit each other. In this way, it is arranged in such a way as to form a sieve with gaps between them, so that when an object to be sorted such as mixed waste is supplied from above the slope, small matter such as earth and sand first passes through the sieve and is sorted. Is done. Since the rotor is almost entirely rotated so as to apply a transfer force from the bottom to the top of the sorting and transfer block, very light objects such as paper, plates, and tapes that do not pass through the sieve are conveyed by the transfer wind generated by the rotor. Heavy stones, concrete pieces, bottles, cans, metal pieces, plastic bottles, easy-to-roll apples, mandarins, bananas, and other fruits that are conveyed upward and do not pass through the sieve and fall easily roll down and sort down. Will be done.
In areas where rotors are arranged so as to form the same inclined surface and protrude above the rotor, objects that have overlapped, clumped, entered bags, containers, etc., or adhered to other objects for a while During this time, it is flipped and unraveled or scattered or separated, so that the sorting is promoted and the sorting accuracy is increased. Light non-repellent objects such as sheets, cloths and plates are conveyed upward with a small jump, and those separated at the approaching portion are carried out after being separated. The separation branch point between the light and heavy objects is changed by setting the degree of inclination of the separation and transport block and the rotation speed of the rotor. That is, when the degree of inclination is large, the amount sorted into a heavy object increases, and when the rotation speed increases, the amount sorted into a light object increases. The most important action of this sorter is that, besides the reversal dispersing action in the approaching part, the sieve is always automatically cleaned by the protruding body even if the sieve mesh is closed by slag, compost, wet earth and sand, etc. This is a point that does not cause clogging. Since the rotor only rotates, there is little vibration and noise, and the installation work is simple and good.
In addition, maintenance is easy, and sorting is promoted at the approaching part, so that the overall length is short.

Further, in the sorting machine according to the second aspect, the projections are interdigitated with each other, so that the sieve can be formed finely. In the sorting machine according to the third aspect, the sieve is relatively coarse, but the production accuracy is high. Is relatively low, and the manufacture is relatively easy. According to the sorting machine of the fourth aspect, the manufacturing is easy, the durability is excellent, the sieves can be formed finely, and the tape or the string can be transported. In the sorter according to the fifth aspect, the action of unraveling the lump-shaped object to be processed is strengthened, and a strong transport wind of the tape or the string can be generated in cooperation with the projection. In the sorting machine according to claim 6,
Since the sorting / transporting block is covered with a housing having an air blowing means at the lower portion, a conveying wind for blowing light paper, sheet, string, and tape upward can be maintained to increase the sorting / transporting force. In the sorting machine of No. 7, the inclination angle of the block can be adjusted by the expansion and contraction means, and the amount of sorting at the upper end side to heavy objects can be increased by steep inclination, and the sorting at the lower end side to lightweight objects can be performed by gentle inclination. Or increase the amount. Further, in the sorting machine according to the eighth aspect, the rotation speed of the rotor is changed individually or in groups by adopting a variable speed motor or the like. It is possible to increase the amount of sorting on the heavy material side, or increase the amount of sorting on the heavy material side by decreasing the rotation speed and reducing the rotation speed.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A sorting machine according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a waste sorting machine according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a rising portion of the sorting machine, and FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor with a finger-like protrusion used in the same sorter, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor with a disk-like protrusion used in the same sorter, FIG. 6 is a partial horizontal sectional view of a rotor having opposed projections used in the sorting machine, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining another approaching portion used in the sorting machine.

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a waste sorter 1 according to one embodiment has a difference in specific gravity and a certain size which are sent to a feed conveyor C1 and crushed to a certain size. A mixture of various types of waste W is used as fine waste D such as earth and sand, dust, and minute metal objects, and heavy, easily rolled and repelled waste such as stone, metal pieces, bottles, PET bottles, cans, and glass pieces. B and light non-repellent waste C such as paper, film, sheet, cloth, cardboard, tape, etc., which are turned in the direction of arrow R1 so as to apply a conveying force from the lower end to the upper end. An inclined sorting / conveying block 40 in which a number of rotors 20 are arranged so as to form lower and upper rotor portions 20A, 20A and an intermediate approaching portion 20B in the same inclined arrangement, Adjustable tilt angle To a machine base 50 which is supported, and a base-releasing housing 60 for forming the passage 61 above the block 40 surrounds toward upward from both sides of the block 40. The casing 60 has a repulsive and easily rollable heavy material discharge opening 62 formed at the lower end thereof, and a sub-housing 65 having a non-repellent and lightly-rolled lightweight material discharge opening 63 connected at the upper end, and a feed to an intermediate portion. It has a hopper 66 that receives the mixed waste W from the conveyor C1. Furthermore, housing 6
Numeral 0 indicates that the passage 61 is bent in the shape of a letter "H" corresponding to the approaching portion 20B at the center of the block 40. Also, among the light-weight objects C, blow-up for assisting the conveyance of paper, tape, and a string in particular. The first nozzle 67 that ejects the airflow A1 is provided at the lower end,
In addition, a second nozzle 68 is provided at an intermediate portion for blowing out an air flow A2 for unraveling a clumped book that is blown out toward the approaching portion 20B and pressing it against the approaching portion 20B.

In the same inclined array rotor section 20A and the approaching section 20B forming the sorting and conveying block 40, each rotor 20 has a square hole 20a which is fitted to the square shaft 21 having a square cross section with a gear 33 fixed at one end. A ring-shaped protruding body 25 made of hard rubber or soft plastic is provided with twelve finger-shaped protruding bodies 26 which are curved backward so as to be interdigitated with those adjacent to the front and rear.
And a small cylindrical portion 2 provided between the left and right protrusions 25, 25
And 8. The protruding body 25 and the small cylindrical portion 28 may be integrally formed as a roll, or may be formed separately from each other. The protrusion 26 has a plurality of (for example, two) hemispherical protrusions 26a,... Protruding on one surface, and the other surface is a flat surface to form a sieve G therebetween. When the length of the small cylindrical portion 28 is changed, the distance between the protrusions 26a,... And the adjacent protrusions 26 is changed, and the same effect as that obtained by changing the size of the sieve is obtained. The rotor 20 may be divided into a plurality of blocks and fitted and fixed to the square shaft 21. The rotor 20 has the gears 33 fixed at both ends thereof without the square hole 20a and the square shaft 21. The short shaft at one end supported by the bearing 11a and the short shaft at the other end supported by the bearing 11a are respectively formed. A projecting structure may be used.

The rotor 20 has a basic same inclined portion 20A.
In the bearing 11a arranged on the inclined frame portion 11A
Thus, in the approaching portion 20B, the bearings 11a arranged on the "H" -shaped frame portion 11B are rotatably supported and arranged. Rotary drive 3
Reference numeral 0 denotes a variable speed motor (not shown) in which an idler gear 34 is attached to the output shaft at one end via a pinion gear with an output shaft, or an intermediate portion, a gear 33 with a rotor, and gears 33, 33 with adjacent rotors. And an idler gear 34 therebetween, so that all the rotors 20 rotate in the direction of arrow R1. The casing 60 is configured such that the lower part is fully opened so that the small / small objects D can drop from the sieves between the rotors, and the hopper 66 having the opening for receiving the mixed waste W from the conveyor C1 is raised at the middle part. It is installed under the part where it became. In addition to suppressing the dust from being blown by the housing 60, it is possible to maintain the conveying wind generated by the rotor 20 described later.

In this embodiment, the lower basic inclined portion 20A
The mixed waste W charged above is rotated by the rotating rotor 20.
..Heavy objects B that are unrolled and roll easily against
Falls down to the discharge opening 62 while jumping,
The non-repellent lightweight material C which is hard to roll is unraveled and dispersed while being transported while being slightly jumped upward by the rotation of the rotor 20. Small and small objects D such as earth and sand, debris, etc., fall from a sieve G formed between the cylindrical portion 28. In the approaching part 20B, the remaining lump-shaped overlapped or adhered matter or the waste left in the bag or the container is inverted as indicated by an arrow R2, and the lump or overlap is further released to disperse or disperse. And the waste in the container is scattered to promote the sorting of the small / small objects D. The mixed waste W is successively placed in the rotor 20 ...
As it falls down and is conveyed upward, it will be continuously and efficiently sorted in large quantities, improving the sorting ability and the sorting accuracy, and providing a rising part. Captains can be shorter than those that do not.

By the protrusions 26 of the rotating rotor 20 and the protrusions 26a, 26a on the side surfaces thereof, a wind flowing upward during operation is generated on the rotor 20 so that a radio cassette tape, a video cassette tape, a nylon string, etc. Can be discharged from the opening 63 without causing wrapping. The bundle of ropes is also successively inherited by the finger-like projections 26 and the projections 26a and discharged via the upper end. In addition, even if a high water content such as leftovers and compost is mixed in the waste W, new sieves G are formed one after another by the rotating projections 26 and projections 26a.
It can be dropped downward without clogging, and this can be applied to compost sieving. When the rotation of the rotor 20 is increased, the mesh formed by the projections 26a and the projections 26 becomes relatively small, and when the rotation is reduced, the mesh becomes relatively coarse. Furthermore, it is easy to maintain due to a structure that does not easily cause clogging or breakage, and can continuously sort large amounts of construction waste, household waste, business waste, restaurant waste, and the like into three types. When the sorter 1 is lengthened to increase the number of rotors 20, four types of sorting can be performed by sorting small objects near the input side and slightly coarse and small objects near the discharge side.

In the above embodiment, when the rotation speed of the two rows on the input side of the rotors 20,... Is driven to rotate faster than the rotation speed of the two rows on the discharge side, the faster the rotation, the higher the finger speed. The effect is as if the gap between the protruding bodies is fine and the mesh of the sieve is small,
On the discharge side, it is possible to separate into large particles. Also in the approaching section 20B, the rotation speed can be changed individually or for each group, so that the state of inversion and dispersion can be variously changed. Another feature of this sorter 1 is that it has a high water content that cannot be separated by a conventional screen-type sieve (sand is usually difficult to sort if it is 10 to 15% or more), compost, food-related residues, and rain. It is particularly effective for waste materials mixed with building materials such as masonry board powder and the like which have been subjected to dust prevention watering and which have been put into a lump or placed in bags or containers. By changing the rotary drive, it would be possible to create a dwelling point, for example, by subjecting only the third roll to reverse rotation and unraveling. This sorter 1 is suitable not only for sorting the above-mentioned construction waste materials, but also for separating and sorting the vinyl string or vinyl sheet that has bundled the magazines and further shaking off the soil and foreign matter. Strings and sheets are lightweight C,
Sediment and foreign matter are sorted out as minute objects D. In particular, in the approaching part 20B, it is possible to separate the strings or sheets that are sandwiched between the overlapping books while turning the strings or sheets. The inclination angle α and the rotation speed of the rotor 20 are set so that the magazine slides down on the rotor 20.

In addition to the above embodiment, the rotor 2 shown in FIG.
A trapezoidal projection 26'a is formed on one or both sides of the projection 26 'of the annular projection 25' such that the projection 26'a intersects or faces each other, such as 0 ', or a frustoconical projection is formed. can do. On the small cylindrical portion 28 ', a plurality of ridges 28'a for generating wind are formed at equal intervals. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, protrusions 2 are formed on one or both sides of the disc-shaped protrusion 25 ″.
A rotor 20 "having 6" a, a ridge 26 "b for generating wind on the outer peripheral surface, and having a small cylindrical portion 28" is also used.

In the above embodiment, the protrusion 25 of the rotor 20 is used.
Have been described, but as shown in FIG. 6, the spacing between the protruding bodies 25 of the same rotor 20 is reduced so that a sieve G is formed between the protrusion 26a on one side and the flat surface on the other side. An array that is formed and opposed to the protruding body 25 of the adjacent rotor 20 at a small interval is also employed. Also, the drive device 30 using the gear 33 and the idler gear 34 has been described. However, a chain and a sprocket wheel can be used, and a motor is provided for each group and each rotor, and each group and each rotor are individually provided. You can also change the speed. As shown in FIG. 7, the approaching portion 20 </ b> B can be formed not only so as to protrude the plurality of rotors 20 in a “H” shape but also to be arranged in a trapezoidal shape, thereby increasing the rotation speed. In this case, the reversal conveyance comes to act strongly from the reversal stay, and the "U" shape and the trapezoidal shape can be mixed.

[0018]

As described above, according to the sorter of the first aspect of the present invention, since the rotary rotor is used as a main component, vibration and noise are reduced, so that installation work and maintenance are simple, Also, even if a wide range of wastes, from construction waste to restaurant leftovers and farm compost, is mixed, heavy and repellent objects jump greatly, and light and non-repellent objects jump small and mass. Efficiently and continuously sorts at least three different sizes without causing clogging of sieves, and rotates so that light ropes, strings and tapes do not wind around the roll It can be sent out floating by the wind generated by the protrusions and protrusions of the rotor, and can also screen wet or wet remaining soil, leftovers and compost. In particular, what has entered or adhered to the bag or container, the lump or the overlapped material can be reversed at the approaching portion to promote the sorting, and the sorting accuracy can be increased.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the separation between the protrusions can be reduced to make the sieve finer.
In the sorting machine of the above, the allowable value of the rotor manufacturing accuracy can be set relatively large, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, according to the sorting machine of the fourth aspect, it is possible to easily form a protruding body and obtain an excellent durable one. According to the sorting machine of the fifth aspect, a stronger conveying wind is generated to remove the tape, the string, and the paper. A large amount can be separated and transported, and can be prevented from winding around the rotor. Claim 6
In the sorting machine of the above, the noise is further reduced by the housing, and the upward conveying wind is maintained to promote the separation of the light-weight object. Further, in the case of the seventh aspect, it is possible to select a separation branch point between a light weight object and a heavy weight object by adjusting the inclination angle. In the case of the eighth aspect, it is possible to change the selection branching point of the heavy object and the light object by changing the rotation speed, and to change the size of the sieve mesh relative to the minute / small object.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a waste sorter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the approaching portion of the sorting machine.

FIG. 3 is a partial horizontal sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor with finger-like protrusions used in the sorting machine.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor with a disk-shaped protrusion used in the sorting machine.

FIG. 6 is a partial horizontal sectional view of a rotor having opposed protrusions used in the separator.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining another approaching portion used in the sorting machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sorting machine 20 Rotor 20A Rotor horizontal part 20B Rotor approaching part 20 'Rotor 20 "Rotor 25 Projecting body 26 Projecting body 26a Projecting 40 Sorting transport block 55 Expansion / contraction means 60 Housing 62 Heavy material discharge opening 66 Selected material supply opening ( Hopper) 67 First air ejecting means 68 Second air ejecting means B Heavy object (repellent material, easy-to-roll material) C Light-weight object (non-repellent material, hard to roll) G Sieve W Workpiece (mixed waste) )

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. An inclined sorting / conveying block to which an object to be sorted is supplied from above is formed so as to form substantially the same inclined plane parallel to and spaced from the upper end to the lower end thereof. It is composed of a large number of rotors arranged so as to protrude upward from the inclined plane at least at one or more places and approach each other. A plurality of projections are provided on the peripheral surface to form sieves where small objects and small objects fall,
All or most of the rotor is rotationally driven so as to apply a conveying force from the lower end to the upper end of the sorting / conveying block. A sorter characterized by taking out repellent, easily rollable, and heavy objects while allowing them to fall, and separating and carrying non-repellent, hard-to-roll, and lightweight objects to the upper end. 2. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the protruding bodies are formed such that the rotors adjacent to each other in front and behind are interdigitated to form a sieve. 3. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the protruding body has front and rear rotors facing each other with a space therebetween and forming a sieve between the left and right adjacent rotors of the same rotor. 4. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion has a circular or polygonal plate shape and has a plurality of protrusions on at least one side surface. 5. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the projection comprises a plurality of finger-shaped projections, and each projection has a plurality of projections arranged on at least one side surface. 6. The sorting / conveying block has an opening for dropping a repellent or rolling object or a heavy object at a lower end, a sorting object supply opening above an intermediate portion, and a non-repellent or rolling object at an upper end. A first air ejecting means for generating airflow obliquely upward at a lower end of the housing, the first air ejection means being provided with a housing provided with an opening for discharging a difficult object and a lightweight object, and the rotor; 2. The sorting machine according to claim 1, further comprising: second air blowing means for blowing air to an upstream lower side of the approaching portion. 7. The sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the sorting / conveying block is adjusted by expansion / contraction means. 8. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the rotor is changed individually or in groups.