JP2564464B2 - Sorting machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to miscellaneous mixed wastes including sticky wastes such as garbage left in restaurants from building wastes generated at the time of house demolition and wastes carried out from homes and offices, compost, bark and the like. And a sorter for sorting wood chips, earth and sand, crushed stones, etc. by sawing and size in a sawmill.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a sorter of this kind, there are a trommel, a vibrating screener, etc., and a mixed waste or material of various sizes can be appropriately selected by a screen or a screen size. The selection was made by changing the particle size from small to large.

[0003]

A rope, various kinds of strings, and tapes are mixed in the waste, and they are wound around a spiral body which is being fed to the waste during the sorting work to remove it. In addition to having to stop the operation, if leftovers such as moist or wet are mixed with compost etc., the screen or sieve will be clogged and it will not be possible to separate the granular material such as earth and sand. There is a fear.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it mixes with a wide range of waste materials from construction waste materials to leftover food from restaurants, compost from farmers, bark from sawmills, and wood chips. Even if the material of soil and crushed stone is not clogged, a large amount can be continuously selected into at least 3 types, and clogging does not occur due to the self-cleaning action, and new openings always appear and the treatment is performed. If it has a large capacity and is light, it can be sent out in the direction of rotation of the rotor so that ropes, strings and tapes will not be wound around it. It also sifts away damp or wet residue such as rice, earth and sand and compost. Although the installation foundation work is simple, and the structure is simple and large-scale processing can be performed, small objects are further selected from the lighter objects selected above, and the inclined selection conveyor block is used. And its object is to provide a sorter by adjusting the inclination angle of the click by expansion and contraction means may change the selection branch point of the light material and heavy easily.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a sorting machine comprises a sorting and conveying block in an inclined state in which an article to be sorted is supplied from above, and a plurality of wheels are axially spaced from each other. A large number of rotors are arranged in parallel with each other and adjacent front and rear rotors are arranged in a state in which ring bodies are intertwined with each other with a gap therebetween to form a sieve mesh. In the rotary drive that applies a conveying force from the lower part to the upper part, a horizontal second sorting / conveying block having substantially the same structure as that of the inclined sorting / conveying block is continuously provided at the upper end of the inclined / conveying block. The sorting and conveying block in the inclined state with respect to the block is characterized in that the inclination angle is adjusted by the expanding and contracting means. In addition, the sorting and transporting block is provided with a heavy-weight dropping opening at a lower end thereof, a sorted object supply opening at an upper portion of an intermediate portion thereof, and a light-weight carrying-out opening at an upper end thereof to remove a lower portion thereof. The housing may be provided with air jetting means for generating an air flow obliquely upward at the lower end of the housing, and the large diameter wheel body may have a blade shape and / or at least one side surface. A columnar protrusion may be provided.

[0006]

In the sorting machine having the above structure, a large number of rotors, each of which has a plurality of ring bodies axially separated from each other by a sorting and conveying block, are arranged in parallel with each other, and the front and rear rotors are interleaved with each other with a gap therebetween. It is configured by arranging in a state of forming a sieve mesh,
When an object to be sorted such as a mixed waste is supplied from the upper part of the slope, first, a minute object such as earth and sand passes through the sieve mesh and is sorted. Since most of the rotor is rotationally driven so as to give a conveying force from the lower part to the upper part of the sorting and conveying block, lightweight objects such as paper, plates and tapes that do not pass through the sieve mesh are conveyed upward,
In addition, stones, concrete pieces, bottles, cans, metal pieces, plastic bottles, objects that easily roll, fruits such as apples, mandarins, and bananas that do not pass through the sieve roll down to be selected. The sorting branch point between the light weight and heavy weight is changed by setting the inclination degree of the sorting and conveying block and the rotation speed of the rotor. When the inclination degree is large, the amount of sorting to the heavy weight increases and the rotation speed increases. The amount of materials sorted into lightweight products increases. Further, wind that flows upward is generated on the upper surface side of the rotor, and the tape, paper, and the like are sorted and conveyed by this wind. The most important effect of this sorter is that even if the sieves are blocked by leftovers, compost, wet earth and sand, etc., they are always automatically cleaned by the rotating large-diameter wheel and do not cause clogging. A horizontal second sorting / transporting block is connected to the upper end of the slanting / sorting / transporting block, and fine particles are further sifted from the lightweight objects sent from the slanting / sorting / transporting block. Secondary fine particles with a slightly larger particle size are selected. Further, by adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined selection / conveyance block by the expansion / contraction means, the selection branch point can be easily changed as described above.

By covering the sorting / transporting block with the housing except the bottom, the air flow from the air jetting means at the lower end is maintained, and the lightweight product is easily transported upwards in cooperation with the wind generated by the rotor. Can be sorted. Providing a protrusion on at least one side of the large-diameter wheel body not only generates a stronger wind, but also makes it possible to finely and finely select the minute objects.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The sorting machine of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by a typical embodiment. FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining the entire system of the sorting machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of air ejecting means used in the sorting machine, and FIG. 3 is a combination of rotors of a sorting and conveying block of the sorting machine. 4 is a partial plan view showing a combination of the rotors, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of the large-diameter wheel body for the sorting machine, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of FIG.
Is a perspective view showing still another example of the large-diameter wheel body, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing yet another example of the large-diameter wheel body, and FIG. 9 is a large-diameter wheel body and a small-diameter wheel body are integrally formed. 10 is a side view of the ring body, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a screen mesh state when arranging rotors with a large-diameter wheel and a small-diameter wheel. It is a horizontal sectional view.

In FIGS. 1 to 4, the sorting machine used for sorting the wastes is various kinds of wastes having a difference in specific gravity and a size which are sent to the feed conveyor 9 and are crushed to a certain size. Waste A, which is a mixture of materials A, fine waste D, E such as earth and sand, minute metal substances, and heavy and easy-to-roll waste B such as stones, metal pieces, bottles, PET bottles, cans, glass pieces, etc.
And a light waste C such as paper, film, sheet, cloth, cardboard, tape, etc., and a rotor sorting / transporting means 10 comprising an inclined sorting / transporting block 10a and a horizontal sorting / transporting block 10b, and an inclined sorting / transporting block. A machine base 20 that supports 10a via an expansion / contraction means 25 so that the inclination angle can be adjusted, and that has a horizontal sorting / transporting block 10b mounted on its top end.
And a passage 31 is provided above each of the sorting / transporting blocks 10a and 10b so as to surround the rotor sorting / transporting means 10 from both sides thereof.
And a waste supply hopper 38 provided above the middle portion of the inclined portion 30a of the housing 30 having a heavy material discharge opening 31 at the lower end, and an inclined casing below the hopper 38. A first blow-up air ejection nozzle 40 provided on the body 30a and a second air ejection nozzle 45 provided on the inclined housing 30a above the hopper 38;
It is composed of an air pipe system 50 including suction means 51 for performing suction separation of fine particles and dustproof action. Hopper 38
On the lower side, a deflection plate 37 that prevents the air blown from the first nozzle 40 from blowing out from the hopper 38 is provided.

The tilted sorting / transporting block 10a and the horizontal sorting / transporting block 10b are basically the same in structure, although the number of rotors 11 is different, and they are connected to each other only by the rotor shaft 12 of the bent portion. As shown in FIG. 4, five rows and four rows of rotors 11, which are rotatably supported in the same direction in the same plane (indicated by the arrow R) in the same plane parallel to each other in rectangular frames F1 and F2, , And a rotation driving device 15 for the rotors 11 ,. The housing 30 also includes the inclined portion 30a and the horizontal portion 30.
B is sealed by a seal rubber 34 and is connected by the rotor shaft 12 there.

Each rotor 11 has a square cross-section angular shaft 12 having a gear 16 fixed to one end (both ends supported by the bearing S are round shafts), and a square fitted to the angular shaft 12. A large-diameter wheel body 13 made of hard rubber or soft plastic and both large-diameter wheel bodies 13, 1 which have holes 12a and are arranged so as to be in a state of being intertwined with those which are adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
It is composed of a small-diameter wheel body 14 interposed between the three.
The large-diameter wheel body 13 has two hemispherical projections 13a, ... When the thickness of the small wheel body 14 as the spacing piece is changed, the distance between the projections 13a, ... And the flat surface of the adjacent large diameter wheel body 13 is changed, and the size of the mesh G of the sieve is changed. Has the same effect as. On the peripheral surface of the ring body 13, ridges 13b that generate wind are provided at equal intervals. When the large-diameter wheel 13 is fixed to the key using a round shaft instead of the square shaft 12, the small-diameter wheel can be omitted and the exposed part of the round shaft can be used instead.

The rotor 11 is supported between the side walls of the frames F1 and F2 via bearings S, and the rotary drive unit 15 is arranged outside one of the side walls. Rotary drive 15
Is a motor 17, a rotor gear 16 with an output shaft thereof,
Idler gear 18 between adjacent rotor-equipped gears 16 and 16
, And the nine rotors 11, ... Of the inclined portion and the horizontal portion are all rotated in the arrow R direction. The motor 17 is provided at one end of the horizontal sorting / transporting block 10b. When the number of rotations of the rotor 11 is increased, the sieve mesh G acts so as to become relatively small, and the amount of the fine powder D falling from the inclined sorting and conveying block 10a decreases,
The amount of fine particles E falling from the horizontal sorting / transporting block 10b increases. At the same time, even a slightly heavy object is transported upward, so that the amount of the light object C increases. The fine powder and the fine particles D and E are transported by a belt conveyor and landfilled.
The light-weight material C and the heavy-weight material B are further classified by material, recycled, and provided as solid fuel. The action when the rotor speed is increased is almost the same as the action of reducing the inclination angle α of the inclination block 10a by extending the expansion / contraction means 25 of hydraulic or electric cylinders or jacks.

In the waste sorter 1 of the present embodiment, the wind that flows to the discharge side of the lightweight material C is generated during operation, and if it is a light material such as a radio cassette tape, a video cassette tape, or a nylon cord, it is completely wrapped. A bundle of ropes and wires that can be floated without being raised and that is hard to roll or slip is inherited and discharged one after another by the large-diameter ring 13 and its ridge 13b. In addition, even if wastes or other substances having a high water content are mixed in the waste A, the wastes can be dropped from the sieves G without clogging. And sorting of agricultural products. When the rotation of the rotor 11 is increased, the meshes G formed by the projections 13a and the side surfaces of the large-diameter ring body 13 and the ribs 13b and the peripheral surface of the small-diameter ring body 14 become relatively fine, and when the rotation is decreased, the relative size becomes relatively small. In addition, the sieve mesh G becomes coarse. Furthermore, it has a structure that is unlikely to cause clogging or damage, and can continuously generate a large amount of construction waste, household waste, business waste, and restaurant leftovers with low noise and low vibration. Are separated into fine powder D and fine particles E including dust D '). In this embodiment, all the rotors 11, ... Are rotated at a constant speed, but a configuration is adopted in which the drive means is provided for each block and the rotation speed is changed. You can also do it.

The large-diameter wheel 13 has a disk-like shape having blade projections 13a as shown in FIG. 5 in addition to that shown in FIG. 3, or a polygonal shape such as an octagon as shown in FIG. A projecting member having a corner 13c that causes wind, a projecting member having a large number of protrusions as shown in FIG. 7, or a disc-shaped member as shown in FIG. Some of them have a different number of protrusions 13b alternately, and a circular protrusion 13a (of course, the shape should be limited to a circle) is provided on one side surface or both side surfaces, and a square hole 12a for fitting with the square shaft 12 is provided. It is provided. It is appropriately selected according to the type of waste A. Protrusions or projections may be appropriately provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small wheel body 14.

As the wheel body, in addition to the large-diameter wheel body 13 and the small-diameter wheel body 14 described above as separate bodies, an integral wheel body 23 as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is also used. The plurality of finger bodies forming the large-diameter wheel body portion 23A are slightly warped in a receding manner with respect to the rotation direction, and have a blade-shaped or trapezoidal projection 23a on one side surface. Of course, the protrusions 23a may be provided on both side surfaces or may not be provided at all. Small diameter wheel 23
B has a ridge 23b which is stepped and causes a wind on the peripheral surface, and when the rotor provided with this ring 23 is arranged as shown in FIG. 11, a certain sieve mesh G is formed. Of course, the large-diameter wheel body of FIGS. 4 to 8 can be integrated with the small wheel body, and it can be easily formed.

As the air pipe system 50, the lightweight material discharge port 32 of the horizontal portion 30b of the casing is formed so as to form a closed cycle.
Above the suction pipe 51, a cyclone separator 52 that communicates with the cyclone separator 52 to separate dust, a blower 53 that communicates with this via a conduit 54 to the suction side, and first and second nozzles 40, 45. Pipe 55 for sending pressurized air to
And a blower motor 56.

[0017]

As described above, according to the sorting machine of the present invention, a wide range of wastes ranging from construction waste materials to leftover food in restaurants, compost of farmers, bark of sawmills, wood chips, agricultural products of farmers, etc. It is possible to continuously select a large amount of a mixture of different sizes and weights into three types, whether wet or damp, at least, and especially the sieve mesh formed by the combination of the large-diameter ring of the rotating rotor can be blocked by self-cleaning action. You can always secure new openings without waking up. Winding of ropes, cords, tapes, etc., among lightweight items can be carried by generating an upward flow of wind to prevent wrapping. Since the sieve mesh is formed by the combination of the rotating rotor and the large-diameter wheel, there is no vibration, low noise, and the installation foundation work can be easily performed. Further, it is possible to easily change the sorting branch point between the light weight object and the heavy weight object by further selecting the minute objects from the light weight objects selected above and adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined sorting / conveying block by the expansion / contraction means. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating an entire system of a sorting machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an air ejecting unit used in the sorting machine.

FIG. 3 is a partial side view showing a combination of rotors of a sorting and conveying block of the sorting machine.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing a combination of the rotors.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of a large-diameter wheel body for the sorting machine.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing still another example of the large-diameter ring body.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing still another example of the large-diameter ring body.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing still another example of the large-diameter ring body.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a wheel body in which a large-diameter wheel body and a small-diameter wheel body are integrally formed.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a sieve mesh state when arranging a rotor with an integral ring body of a large diameter wheel and a small diameter wheel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Object to be sorted 10a Inclined sorting / transporting block 10b Horizontal sorting / transporting block 11 Rotor 13 Ring body (large diameter ring body) 13a Projection body (projection) 14 Small diameter ring body 15 Rotation drive means 23 Ring body 23A Large abutment wheel body 23a Projection 23B Small-diameter wheel 25 Expansion / contraction means 30 Enclosure 31 Heavy object discharge opening 32 Light weight object discharge opening 38 Sorted object supply opening 40 Air jetting means (air jetting nozzle) G Sieve mesh

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sorting and conveying block in an inclined state in which an object to be sorted is supplied from above, and a plurality of rotors formed by axially separating a plurality of wheels are parallel to each other and adjacent front and rear rotors are wheeled. A sorting machine which is formed by arranging bodies in a state where they are intertwined with each other with a gap therebetween to form a sieve mesh, and at least most of the rotor is rotationally driven so as to give a conveying force from the lower portion to the upper portion of the sorting and conveying block. At the upper end of the sorting and conveying block in the inclined state, a horizontal second
A sorting machine, wherein sorting and transporting blocks are arranged in series, and the slanting angle of the sorting and transporting block in the inclined state with respect to the second sorting and transporting block is adjusted by expansion and contraction means. 2. The sorting / conveying block has an opening for dropping a heavy object at a lower end portion thereof, and an opening for supplying an object to be sorted above an intermediate portion thereof.
A casing provided with an opening for carrying out lightweight articles at an upper end thereof is covered except for a lower portion, and an air jetting means for generating an air flow obliquely upward is provided at a lower end of the casing. Item 1. A sorting machine according to item 1. 3. The sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the large-diameter wheel has a blade-shaped and / or column-shaped protrusion on at least one side surface.