JP2594066B2 - Sticking state determination method and device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for judging whether or not a fixed state of a work is fixed when a work is fixed by press-fitting or caulking, and an apparatus directly used for carrying out the method. .

[Conventional technology]

When press-fitting a first work into a second work by press working, measurement data of a load cell provided for measuring a load applied to a press-fitting tool of a press machine is referred to as:
During press working, sampling is performed repeatedly and sequentially stored in the memory, and it is detected that the load measurement data at a certain sampling timing has reached a predetermined set value with the body. There has been known a press-in determination method in which measurement data that is only a temporally earlier time is taken out of a memory, and the taken-out measurement data is used as data indicating press-in of a part, and a press-in determination is made (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-79925). Gazette).

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in such a press-in determination method, since the press-in determination is only at one point of the press-in completion load, it is not possible to determine an abnormality during the press-in.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and in a whole process of fixing work such as press fitting or caulking, it is possible to determine the quality of a fixed state of a work, and a method of determining a fixed state of a work that can improve the accuracy of a fixing work. It is intended to provide the device.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the fixing state determination method according to the present invention is directed to a case where the urging portion is displaced to apply a load to the first work and fix the first work and the second work. A method for determining a state of fixation, wherein a desired time of a fixation step from the start to the end of fixation of the first work and the second work is determined, and a plurality of urging portions of the urging portion over the entire fixation step are provided. A set load corresponding to each predetermined position is stored in advance, and loads applied to the urging portions at the plurality of predetermined positions of the urging portion in the actual fixing process are detected and compared with the respective set loads. At the same time, the time required for the actual fixing step is detected and compared with the desired time to determine the fixing state.

Further, in the fixing state determining apparatus of the present invention directly used for performing the fixing state determining method of the present invention, the first portion is displaced when the urging portion is displaced.
An apparatus for determining a fixed state when a load is applied to the first work and the first work and the second work are fixed to each other, wherein position detecting means for detecting a position of the urging portion; A load detecting means for detecting a load applied to the urging portion; a desired time of a fixing step from the start to the end of the fixing of the first work and the second work; A storage unit that stores in advance a set load corresponding to each of the plurality of predetermined positions and a load applied to the urging unit detected at the plurality of the predetermined positions of the urging unit in the actual fixing step; And a determination means for detecting the time required for the actual fixing process and comparing the desired time with the desired time to determine the fixing state.

[Operation] According to the present invention, the first work and the second work
The desired time of the fixing process from the start to the end of the fixing of the work and the set loads corresponding to the plurality of predetermined positions of the urging unit over the entire fixing process are stored in advance, and the urging unit is used in the actual fixing process. The load applied to the urging portion at a plurality of predetermined positions is detected and compared with each set load, and the time required for the actual fixing process is detected and compared with a desired time to determine the fixing state. Is done.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing features of the present invention. The fixing state determining apparatus of the present invention includes a position detecting means 6, a load detecting means 5, a storage means 20, and a determining means 30. .

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a press-fit / failure judgment device which is a sticking state judgment device of the present invention. The shaft 1 as the second work is mounted on the receiving jig 2. The bearing 3 as the first work is press-fitted into the shaft 1 by the press-fit rod 4 as the urging portion. The press-fit rod 4 has a load cell 5 serving as a load detecting means for detecting the press-fit load with high accuracy and high response.
And an encoder 6 which is a position detecting means for detecting the position of the press-fit rod with high accuracy. The electronic control unit 7 is composed of a digital computer, and a ROM (read only memory) 8, a RAM (random access memory) 9, a CPU (microprocessor) 10, an input port 11, and an output port interconnected by a bidirectional bus 17.
12 is provided. The output signal of the load cell 5 is sent to the input port 11 via the amplifier 13 and the A / D converter 14, and the output signal of the encoder 6 is also sent to the input port 11. On the other hand, to the output port 12, an alarm 15 and a press-fit rod control unit 16 are connected.

The operation of the above device will be described with reference to FIG. The horizontal axis in FIG. 3 shows the position of the press-fit rod, and the vertical axis shows the press-fit load. The curve in the figure shows the relationship between the press-fit rod position and the press-fit load in a general press-fitting process. Z ₀ is a press-fit rod position where the press-fit rod 4 and the bearing 3 are in contact with each other, and is a predetermined position Z ₁ to
Z ₄ is, for example, if the press-fit length is 15 mm, Z ₁ is 3 m from Z ₀
m and Z ₂ are 13 mm from Z ₀ , and Z ₃ and Z ₄ are the lower limit position and the upper limit position of the press-fit length tolerance due to the tolerance between the shaft 1 and the bearing 3. These predetermined positions are optimally determined by the components to be press-fitted, and the number of the predetermined positions can be reduced or increased depending on the components to be press-fitted. W ₁ to _W-7 is a load setting as a reference for comparison at each predetermined position.

Check the pressed-in condition in the initial Z ₁ in the main press-fit process, ensures check extraction load the fitting force between the shaft 1 and the bearing 3 at the immediately preceding time Z ₂ at the press-fitting completion, completion pressed in Z ₃ and Z ₄ Check. The press-fit state is checked even between these predetermined positions. Position Z ₁ to Z ₄ and set load W ₁ to _W-7, the optimum value of I by a work of press-fitting
It is stored in the RAM 9 in advance.

A press-fit rod lowering signal is sent from the output port 12 to the press-fit rod control unit 16, and the press-fitting operation is started.

Press-fitting rod 4 down to the position of the predetermined position Z _1, press-fit load detected by the load cell 5, in the CPU 10, RAM
It is compared beforehand with a stored set load W ₂ to 9. If such being pressed fit interference excessive, or inclined, press-fit load becomes that exceeds the set load W _2, press-fitting rod stop signal is sent from the output port 12 to the press-fitting the rod control unit 16, the press-fitting rod 4 stops I do. An alarm signal is also sent from the output port 12 to the alarm device 15 to notify an abnormality. Encoder 6
When the position detected by the above becomes the predetermined position Z ₁ stored in the RAM 9 in advance, the press-fitting load becomes the set load W ₁ in the RAM 9.
Is compared to Forget set of axes 1 or bearings 3, or the like press-fitting margin is too small, the press-fitting load becomes less than W _1, the same press-fitting rod 4 is stopped, inform the abnormality to operate the alarm 15. Press-fit rod 4 detected by encoder 6
When the position is, it becomes equal to the predetermined position Z ₂ in the RAM 9, RA
It is compared with the set load W ₃ and W ₄ in M9. For press-fitting margin excessive like exceed W _4, when the press-fit interference under-becomes less than W _3, in either case to stop the same press-fitting rod 4, the alarm 15
To notify the abnormality.

In between Z ₀ of the Z _3, press-fit load is compared to a set load W _5. Press-fitting load by foreign substances biting like halfway press fitting becomes abnormally high, when it becomes an exceed W _5, press-fitting rod 4
Is stopped and the alarm 15 is activated. By such bite foreign matters to the work end surface, even after the lapse of the press-fitting start the predetermined time t ₁ or more, if the press-fitting rod position does not reach a predetermined position Z _3, stops the press-rod 4, the alarm 15 Activate.

Press-fitting the rod position becomes the predetermined position Z ₃ or more, contact opposing surfaces in the axial direction of the shaft 1 and the bearing 3, becomes a body with a state, for a predetermined dwell time t ₂ dwell is executed. And after dwell time t _2, performs acceptance judgment of the press complete. For such the height of the bearing 3 is not sufficient, if the press-fitting rod position exceeds a predetermined position Z _4, stops the press-rod 4, the alarm 15
Activate Also pressed rod position when press fitting completion be between predetermined positions Z ₃ and Z _4, if less than exceeded or W ₆ press-fitting load is set load W ₇ by equipment failure or the like, press-fitting rod 4
Is stopped and the alarm 15 is activated.

When press-fitting is completed, press-in rod rising signal is output to port 12
To the press-fit rod control unit 16 to raise the press-fit rod 4, stop the press-fit rod 4 at the press-fit rod rising end, and complete the press-fitting process.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show flowcharts for executing the above control.

Figure 4 is a flow chart for performing the press-fitting operation, in first step 50, an error flag F _1, the timer counts T ₁ of the external press-timer and Dowerutaima, T ₂
Is reset to 0. Next, in step 51, a press-fit rod lowering signal is sent to start press-fitting, and an external press-fit timer starts counting. In step 52, the process is skipped to a press-fit pass / fail determination subroutine to make a press fit pass / fail determination.

FIG. 5 shows a press-fit pass / fail control subroutine. First, at step 100, the press-fit rod position Z and the press-fit load W are read.
Subsequently, in step 101, the press-fit rod position Z and the predetermined position Z ₁
Comparing the door, not equal Z <Z _1, the process proceeds to step 104.
Proceeds to step 102 when the Z <Z _1, compares the press-fitting load W and set load W _2. W ≦ W ₂ does not hold, then the error flag F ₁ to 1 proceeds to step 103, returns to step 52 of the main routine. When W ≦ W _2, the process proceeds to step 104. In step 104, it determines whether Z = Z ₁ is. Z = not equal Z _1, the process proceeds to step 106. When Z = Z _1, step 105
To proceed, it is compared with the set load W ₁ of the press-fit load W. W ≧ W ₁
Not equal-out, the flow returns to step 52 of the main routine error flag F ₁ proceeds to step 103 to 1. When W ≧ W _1, the process proceeds to step 106, the press-fitting rod position Z and the predetermined position Z
It is determined whether ₂ is equal. Z = not equal Z _2, the process proceeds to step 109. When Z = Z _2, the process proceeds to step 107, compares the press-fitting load W and set load W _3. Not equal W ≧ W _3, and an error flag F ₁ to 1 proceeds to step 103, returns to step 52 of the main routine. Proceeds to step 108 when the W ≧ W _3, compares the press-fitting load W and set load W _4.
Not equal W ≦ W _4, an error flag F ₁ proceeds to step 103
And returns to step 52 of the main routine. W ≦
Proceeds to step 109 when the W _4, compares the press-fitting rod position Z and a predetermined position Z _3. Not equal to Z <Z _3, returns to the step 52 of the main routine. When Z <Z _3, the process proceeds to step 110 and compares the set load W ₅ and press-fitting load W. Not equal W ≦ W _5, and an error flag F ₁ to 1 proceeds to step 103, returns to step 52 of the main routine. When W ≦ W _5, returns to the step 52 of the main routine.

Again in FIG. 4, when the processing of the error flag F ₁ is at step 52, the error flag F ₁ proceeds to step 53 0
It is determined whether or not. When the error flag F ₁ is 1, and outputs a press-rod stop signal proceeds to step 54, subsequently it outputs a press-fitting error alarm signal at step 55. When the error flag F ₁ = 0, the routine proceeds to step 56, where the press-fit rod position Z is set.
And comparing the predetermined position Z _3. When Z ≧ Z _3, Step 57
Proceed to.

Not equal Z ≧ Z _3, the process proceeds to step 61, and compares the count T ₁ of the external press-timer and the predetermined press-fitting time t _1. T ₁ ≦
Otherwise t _1, and outputs a press-rod stop signal proceeds to step 54, subsequently outputs a press-fitting error alarm signal at step 55. When T ₁ ≦ t ₁ , the flow returns to step 52 again to repeat the press-fit process pass / fail determination.

In step 57, starts the counting external Dowerutaima is, compares the count T ₂ of the Dowerutaima a predetermined dwell time t ₂ in step 58, the process proceeds to step 59 when T ₂ is t ₂ or more. In step 59, the process is skipped to a press-fit completion pass / fail determination subroutine to make a press fit completion pass / fail determination.

FIG. 6 is a press-fit completion pass / fail judgment subroutine. First, at step 200, the press-fit rod position Z and the press-fit load W are read. Then, by comparing the pressed rod position Z and the position Z ₄ in step 201, then an error flag F ₁ proceeds to step 202 not equal Z ≦ Z ₄ to 1, the steps of the main routine
Return to 59. When Z ≦ Z _4, compares the press-fit load W proceeds to step 202 and set load W _6. Not equal to W ≧ W _6, and the error flag F ₁ to 1 the process proceeds to step 202, the flow returns to step 59 of the main routine. When W ≧ W _6, step 203
Proceed to compare with the press-fitting load W and set load W ₇ in. Not equal W ≦ W _7, and an error flag F ₁ to 1 proceeds to step 202, returns to step 59 of the main routine. When W ≦ W _7, returns to the step 59 of the main routine.

Again in FIG. 4, when the processing of the error flag F ₁ is at step 59, the error flag F ₁ proceeds to step 60 0
It is determined whether or not. When the error flag F ₁ is 1, and outputs a press-cylinder stop signal proceeds to step 54, subsequently it outputs a press-fitting error alarm signal at step 55. When the error flag F ₁ = 0, the flow proceeds to step 62 to output a press-fit rod rising signal. In step 63, it is determined whether or not the press-fit rod is at the rising end. Output to complete the press fit process.

As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to determine the quality of the press-fitting state in all the steps of the press-fitting step, and it is possible to significantly improve the product quality and the facility maintenance. Also, since the predetermined position and the set load can be easily changed,
Even if the type of work changes, it can be easily handled and has versatility.

Next, the caulking operation will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis indicates the position of the caulking rod, and the vertical axis indicates the caulking load. Position Z ₁ checks the caulking state of the initial crimping step, and Z ₂ and Z ₃ is a position to check the caulking completion status. Predetermined position Z ₀
In between the Z _1, when such a work failure that is longer crimping length, caulking load becomes that exceeds the set load W _2, abnormality is detected. At a predetermined position Z _1, when such a work failure that crimping length is short, the caulking load becomes less than the set load W _1, abnormality is detected. In place Z _2, case of exceeding caulking load a set load W ₄ or W less than ₃ by the workpiece failure or the like, and is detected as anomaly. Between the Z ₀ of the Z _2, caulking load becomes abnormally high by not caught foreign matter, even when a exceed W ₅ is detected as abnormal. Further, by the work defective like, when caulking completion point reached a position beyond a predetermined position Z _3, or is detected as an abnormality may not reach the predetermined position Z ₂ even after the lapse of a predetermined press fitting time.

The flowchart for performing such a caulking state determination is the same as the flowchart for performing the above-described press-fit state determination, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in the case of the caulking operation as well, the quality of the caulking state in all the caulking processes can be determined in the same manner as the press-fitting operation, and it is possible to significantly improve product quality and equipment maintenance.

The present invention can be applied not only to the press-fitting and swaging work but also to the same fixing work, and the predetermined position and the predetermined load can be optimally and arbitrarily determined according to the work.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to determine the quality of the fixed state of the work during the entire fixing work, and it is possible to improve the accuracy of the fixing work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing features of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a press-fitting rod position and a press-fitting load in a press-fitting operation, 4 to 6 are flowcharts for carrying out the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a main routine for performing press-fitting work, FIG. 5 is a press-fit pass / fail judgment subroutine, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the swaging rod position and the swaging load in the swaging operation. 1 ... shaft, 3 ... bearing, 4 ... press-fit rod, 5 ... load cell, 6 ... encoder, 7 ... electronic control unit.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Fumihiko Komuro 1st Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Eiji Nishikawa 6th Toyota Town Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Kyoho Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ( 72) Inventor Jun Hayashi, 6th Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Kyoho Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Sueichi Aoi 6th Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Kyoho Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Aichi Miyazaki Aichi 6, Toyota-machi, Toyota-shi, Kyoho, Ltd. (72) Inventor Masayoshi Amano 6, Toyota-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi, Kyoho, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-59-7531 (JP, A) JP-A-57-189738 (JP, A) JP-A-62-117026 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for judging a fixed state in a case where an urging portion is displaced to apply a load to a first work and fix the first work and the second work, wherein the first work and the second work are fixed. The desired time of the fixing step from the start to the end of the fixing of the first work and the second work and the set loads corresponding to the plurality of predetermined positions of the urging portion over the entire fixing step are stored in advance. In addition, in the actual fixing process, the loads applied to the urging portions at the plurality of predetermined positions of the urging portion are detected and compared with the respective set loads, and the time required for the actual fixing process is determined. A fixed state determination method, wherein the fixed state is determined by detecting and comparing with the desired time. 2. An apparatus for judging a fixed state in a case where an urging portion is displaced to apply a load to a first work and fix the first work and the second work to each other. Position detecting means for detecting the position of the urging portion, load detecting means for detecting a load applied to the urging portion, and a desired fixing step from the start to the end of the fixing of the first work and the second work. Storage means for storing in advance a time and a set load corresponding to each of a plurality of predetermined positions of the urging portion over the entirety of the fixing process, and detection at the plurality of predetermined positions of the urging portion in an actual fixing process And determining means for determining the state of fixation by comparing the load applied to the urging portion with the set load, detecting the time required for an actual fixing step, and comparing the detected time with the desired time. Characterized by having Wearing state determination device.