JP2619689B2 - Shield excavator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shield excavator suitable for excavating a pit having a large cross section when constructing a tunnel such as a subway.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, a shield excavator for excavating a horizontal shaft having a large cross section such as a double-track subway has a rotary shaft 1 as shown in FIG.
Are rotatable on the same plane. The plurality of rotary cutters 4 have a plurality of radially protruding spokes 2, 2... In this case, an eyeglass-shaped cross shaft was excavated (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-47958) or a circular cutter plate 5 fixed to the front end of the rotating shaft 1 as shown in FIG. A plurality of rotary cutters 7, 7 with fixed cutting blades 6, 6,...
Are arranged so as to be shifted back and forth so that a horizontal shaft with a cross section of an eyeglass type is excavated (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-177863). Further, as shown in FIG. A plurality of rotary cutters 8 and 9 are arranged in a pit to excavate a horizontal shaft having an elliptical cross section (JP-A-61-221494, JP-A-61-49100). In addition, the above-mentioned cutter plates 5, 5 shown in FIG.
There is one in which a horizontal shaft having a vertical cross section in the shape of glasses is excavated (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-141993).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Since such a conventional shield excavator excavates a large section by rotating a cutter, unless the driving torque for operating the excavator is large, Instead, a large motor is required, the support shaft is large, and the bearing must be able to withstand large loads.The larger the size, the more expensive the whole becomes. However, there is also a problem that many large parts make transportation difficult. Further, since the cutter is caused to rotate, there is a problem that the cross-sectional shape of the excavation must be limited to a spectacle type or an elliptical shape.

Furthermore, in the cutter that is rotated, the cutting speed is different between the rotation center portion and the rotation outer circumferential portion, and there is a problem that all the portions cannot be set to the cutting speed suitable for the stratum.

In view of such a conventional problem, the present invention enables excavation of a large cross section with a device using a combination of small parts, low manufacturing cost, easy disassembly and transportation, and, at the time of excavation, a cutting speed suitable for the stratum is adopted throughout. It is another object of the present invention to provide a shield excavator capable of forming a cross-sectional shape of an excavation as required.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The feature of the shield excavator of the present invention for solving the conventional problems as described above and achieving the intended purpose is that the shield excavator having a cylindrical shape is provided at the tip end thereof. A large number of cutters that reciprocate linearly in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the shield outer cylinder are arranged in a parallel arrangement, and drive means for individually reciprocating the cutters is provided.

(Operation) In this shield excavator, excavation is performed by linearly reciprocating cutters arranged in a parallel arrangement, and the excavation cross section is larger by the stroke in the reciprocating operation side than the entire shape in which the cutters are arranged. Shape. It is also possible to configure the required excavation cross-sectional shape by changing the length of each cutter and the number of the cutters. The cutter can be positioned to make the required excavation cross section.

Furthermore, since each cutter is driven independently, the cutting speed can be changed for each cutter in accordance with the geology of the portion, and when the entire geology is the same, Can be cut at a uniform cutting speed.

(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a shield outer cylinder having a square cylindrical shape. The shield outer cylinder 11 is provided with a segment assembling portion 12 at the rear end, and the segments 13 are sequentially assembled so as to cover the inner surface of the horizontal shaft after excavation using a segment assembling machine (not shown). I have. Reference numeral 14 denotes a jack for excavation, which takes a reaction force on the end face of the segment 13 after assembly and
To extrude.

A partition wall 15 is provided slightly behind the front end of the shield outer cylinder 11, and the front side thereof is a muddy water chamber 16. A number of cutters 17A, 17A ... and 17B, 17B ... in front of the mud chamber 16
Is provided. Each of the cutters 17A and 17B has a vertically arranged cutting blade support rod 19 on the front of a horizontally arranged main frame 18,
19 are fixed in parallel with each other, and each cutting blade support rod
The cutting blades 20, 20 facing in both left and right directions are fixed to 19.
The cutters 17A and 17B are arranged alternately and in parallel with each other, and the cutter 17A is arranged on the front side and the cutter 17B is arranged on the rear side so as to be shifted from each other. Also each cutter
Between 17A and 17B, both cutting blades 20, 20 are arranged such that their ends overlap each other in the front-rear direction.

Each of the cutters 17A, 17B thus configured is supported by a plurality of support shafts 21, 21,... And one drive shaft 22, respectively. Each shaft 21, 22 is a partition
A sliding guide 23 fixed to the front of the partition 15 in a horizontal arrangement, and a guide hole 25 in a horizontal arrangement formed in a shaft support plate 24 provided on the front side of the partition wall 15 are supported via sliding bodies 26 and 27. ing. Connecting rod on drive shaft 22
One end of the connecting rod 28 is fixed, and the other end of the connecting rod 28 is pivotally connected to a crank 29 by a crank pin 30. The rotation of the crank 29 causes the shaft 22 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction. . Crank 29
The crankshaft 31 penetrates the partition wall 15 and is supported and supported on its rear surface by bearings 32 and 32. Crank 31
A large gear 33 is fixed to the large gear 33, a motor 34,
The pinion gears 35, 35 fixed to the rotating shaft of 34 mesh with each other,
The motor 29 rotates the crank 29 via the gears 35 and 33 and the crankshaft 31 to reciprocate the shaft 22 via the connecting rod 28.

The connecting rod 28 has a jack 36 whose length can be adjusted, and by extending or contracting the jack 36, the ends of the cutters 17A and 17B are extended to the outside of the side of the shield outer cylinder 11. It can be moved and so-called extra mining can be done.

The cutter driving means 39 including the motor 34, the gears 33 and 35, the crankshaft 31, the crank 29, and the connecting rod 28 is individually provided for each of the cutters 17A, 17A,..., 17B, 17B,. Cutter driving means 39
The rotation speed of each motor 34 can be adjusted individually.

Also, the cutters 17A, 1 supported and driven as described above
7B, by reciprocating, covers the front front side of the shield outer cylinder 11, is provided in a large number, the cutter 17A, 17B
Is reciprocated so that a horizontal shaft having the same cross-sectional shape as the shield outer cylinder 11 is excavated.

At the time of excavation, muddy water is sent from a mud feeding pipe 40, and the earth and sand cut by the cutting blade 20 of each of the cutters 17A and 17B is discharged from the mud draining pipe 41 together with the muddy water while preventing collapse of the face. If the soil of the ground to be excavated is different between the top and bottom, each cutter 17A, 17B
Excavation at the most appropriate cutting speed in each part.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the cutter is arranged in a rectangular excavation cross-sectional shape is shown. In addition, if necessary, an eyeglass type as shown in FIG. 4 and a mountain tunnel type as shown in FIG. , And various shapes such as a pair of glasses having different diameters as shown in FIG.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, the shield excavator of the present invention is provided with the cutters arranged side by side in a plurality of rows and excavates them by reciprocating them individually. It can be small, so that large shafts and large-diameter bearings are not required as in the prior art, each component is not expensive, the overall cost can be reduced, and each driving means can be small, and the space in the device is large. There is an advantage that can be. Further, according to the present invention, since each cutter and its driving means are reduced in size, there is an advantage that transport when disassembled becomes easy. Further, in the present invention, since the independent cutter driving means is provided, there is an advantage that a cutting speed suitable for the ground level can be achieved for each cutter, and efficient excavation can be performed. Furthermore, in the present invention, it is easy to make the structure capable of adjusting the position of the cutter in the left-right direction with respect to the shield outer cylinder, and it is easy to make the device capable of freely adjusting the excavation at the time of turning. There is an advantage that is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shield excavator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of the same center, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
4 to 6 are front views showing different cutter arrangements, respectively, and FIGS. 7 to 9 are front views schematically showing conventional examples. 11 ... shield outer cylinder, 13 ... segment, 14 ... jack, 15 ... partition wall, 16 ... muddy chamber, 17A, 17B ... cutter, 18 ... main frame, 19 ... cutting blade support rod, 20 …… cutting blade, 21…
… Support shaft, 22 …… drive shaft, 28 ……
Connecting rod, 29 ... crank, 30 ... crank pin, 31 ... crankshaft, 33 ... large gear, 34 ... motor, 35 ... pinion gear, 36 ... jack, 39 ... cutter driving means.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of cutters linearly reciprocating in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the shield outer cylinder are arranged in a parallel arrangement at the tip of a cylindrical shield outer cylinder, and each cutter is individually reciprocated. A shield excavator comprising driving means for driving.