JP2621985B2 - Hydrofoil ship steering system - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steering system for a hydrofoil ship having a wing at a bow and a stern when the wing is running.

2. Description of the Related Art A typical prior art is disclosed, for example, in JP-B-52-9037. In this prior art, when the hydrofoil wing is running,
The steering is performed by angularly displacing a forward strut, which is a rudder provided at the bow of the hull. In such prior art, the boat speed assumed during the wing running is usually a sufficiently large value, so that a sufficient rotational force can be obtained only by the forward strut.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In such prior art, when it is necessary to intentionally lower the boat speed and make the wing run, the turning force used for the hull for turning by the forward strut is determined by the boat speed. Therefore, a sufficient rotational force cannot be obtained only by the angular displacement of the forward strut.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrofoil steering apparatus capable of turning by applying a sufficient rotational force to a hull even at a low ship speed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a forward strut 3 which is provided to protrude downward from a bow 2 of a hull 1 and is angularly displaceable for steering around a vertical axis 4. 3, a bow wing 5 protruding left and right, a pair of left and right aft struts 7, 8 protruding downward from a stern 6 of the hull 1, and provided between the left and right aft struts 7, 8. A pair of stern wings 18, 19; 20, 21 capable of angular displacement so that the hull 1 is inclined, and a pair of propulsion pumps 22, 23 provided on the starboard side and the port side of the hull 1, respectively. Propulsion pumps 22 and 23 for injecting jet water from the injection nozzles 130 provided behind the pumps 22 and 23;
A pair of deflectors 131 and 132 that can be angularly displaced about an axis parallel to the vertical axis of the jet nozzle 130 and change the jetting direction of jet water from the jet nozzle 130, a helm 70 that is operated for turning, and a steering angle of the helm 70 6 in response to the output corresponding to
Drive control means 5 for individually angularly displacing the left and right wings 18, 19; 20, 21 provided on the
5, 56, 59, 60, 71, 72, 75, a vertical gyroscope 134 for detecting the roll angle, a speedometer 141 for detecting the ship speed, and a vertical gyroscope 134 in response to the output of the ship speedometer 141 The first amplifier circuit 135 amplifies the output of the first amplifier circuit 135 with a large gain when the boat speed is high, and with a small gain when the boat speed is low.
Forward strut 3 at an angle corresponding to the output level of
A drive control means 90 for driving the vehicle to make a turn, and in response to the output of the speedometer 141, the output of the vertical gyro 134 with a small gain when the ship speed is high, and with a large gain when the ship speed is low. Amplifying the second amplifying circuit 137, and responding to the output of the second amplifying circuit 137,
And a drive control means for driving the deflectors 131 and 132 at an angle corresponding to the output of the vehicle to make a turn.

According to the present invention, when the boat speed is high, a forward strut provided at the bow is driven to perform steering, and a sufficient torque can be obtained.

At a low speed, the forward strut is driven to perform steering, and the direction of injection of the jet water from the propulsion pump for obtaining propulsion is changed by the deflector to perform steering. As a result, the small rotational force acting on the hull obtained by the forward strut at low speed is compensated for by the jet water that collides with the deflector and changes direction, and a sufficient rotational force is applied to the hull. A turn can be performed.

According to the invention, the helm is operated for turning, whereby the left and right wings provided on the stern are individually driven to tilt the hull. The tilt angle of the hull is detected by a vertical gyroscope, and the forward strut is driven in accordance with the roll angle to perform steering.

The output of the vertical gyroscope is amplified by a first amplifier circuit, the gain of which is large when the ship speed is high, and therefore the roll corresponds to the angle when the wing is running at high speed. Then, the forward strut is driven.

The output of the vertical gyroscope is also amplified by a second amplifier circuit, which has a large gain when the boat speed is low. Therefore, while the blades are running at a low speed, the jet water is angularly displaced and changed direction by the deflector that changes the jet direction of the jet water of the propulsion pump, and turns by applying a large rotational force. be able to. During high-speed blade running, there is no energy loss because the jet water is not redirected by the deflector.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a bottom view thereof. Referring to these drawings, a forward strut 3 is provided on a bow 2 of a hull 1 of a hydrofoil. This forward strut 3 is angularly displaceable about a vertical axis 4, by which it can be steered and is sometimes referred to as a column or rudder. The wing 5 of the bow 2 is provided below the forward strut 3.

A stern 6 of the hull 1 is provided with a pair of aft struts 7,8, and a stern wing 9 is provided between the aft struts 7,8. A gas turbine water injection propulsion device 10 is provided at a central position between the aft struts 7, 8, whereby the hull 1 is driven forward and forward (FIGS. 1 to 3) to the right, and Change the direction of the jet water,
It is also possible to go backwards. Forward flap 1
Using mainly 3,14 and outflaps 18-21,
The hull 1 is pitch-axis Y and roll-axis X
And can be used in combination with the forward struts 3 to tilt the hull 1 about its roll axis X during turning. Hull 1
May move about the yaw axis Z.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the vicinity of the wings 5 and 9.
At the lower part of the forward strap 3, forward oils 11 and 12 protrude to the left and right, and forward wraps 13 and 14 are supported behind the forward oils 11 and 12. These forward flaps 13, 14 are interconnected and operate synchronously, so that it can be said that the bow 2 has a single flap.

As described above, the stern 6 is provided with the aft struts 7, 8 protruding downward. The wings 9 comprise left and right aft oils 16, 17 extending between these aft struts 7, 8
And two pairs of aft flaps 18, 19; 20, 21 supported behind them. Aftoff oil on starboard 1
A pair of aft flaps 18, 19 arranged behind the 6 can operate synchronously, but can also operate individually. A pair of aft flaps 20, 21 located behind the port's aft oil 17 can also operate synchronously or individually.

Between the aft struts 7 and 8, the gas turbine blast water propulsion device 10 mounted on the hull 1 includes propulsion pumps 22 and 23 that blast the blast water toward the starboard side and the port side toward the rear.
A nozzle 25 having an inlet 24 through which water such as seawater is commonly sucked and supplied to these pumps 22 and 23;
And gas turbines 26 and 27 that drive 22,23. Power is transmitted from the output shafts 28 and 29 of the turbines 26 and 27 to the pumps 22 and 23 via the reduction gears 30 and 31 to drive the pumps 22 and 23.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the injection pump 22 as viewed from the rear of the hull 1. Injection water is injected from the injection nozzle 130 of the injection pump 22. The jet direction of the jet water is changed by a deflector 131 capable of angular displacement about an axis parallel to the vertical axis of the hull 1. The deflector 131 is used for steering at the time of the boat end, and according to the concept of the present invention, when the wing runs at a low speed even during the wing running, the deflector 131 changes the direction of the jet water. Used for When the wing runs at high speed, the deflector 131 straightly sprays the jet water from the jet nozzle 130 and jets the jet water behind the hull 1 without changing the direction of the jet water. Injection nozzle 13
A reverser 133 is provided in the vicinity of 0, and changes the direction of the jet water from the jet nozzle 130 forward when the vehicle moves backward.

The other injection pump 23 has the same configuration, and is provided with a deflector 132 (see FIG. 6 described below).

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention for performing steering. The steering output is amplified by the amplifier circuit 71 by the angular displacement operation of the helm 70 as the steering wheel, and is supplied to the servo circuits 59 and 60 from the line 72. The servo circuits 59 and 60 drive the port aft flaps 20 and 21 at an angle corresponding to the steering angle of the helm. The output from the amplifying circuit 71 via the line 72 is also inverted in polarity by the inverter 75 and is applied to the servo circuits 55 and 56. These servo circuits 55, 56 drive the starboard aft flaps 18, 19 at an angle corresponding to the steering angle of the helm 70. By steering the helm 70 in this manner, the angles of the aft flaps 18 to 21 change and the hull tilts.

The roll angle, which is the tilted bank angle of the hull, is detected by the vertical gyro 87. The vertical gyro 87 is
It is attached to the hull 1. Line 13 of this vertical gyroscope 87
The signal derived to 4 is a steering command signal, and the signal is amplified in an amplification circuit 135 having a variable gain, which is an amplification degree, and is provided to a servo circuit 90 via a line 136. The servo circuit 90 drives the forward strut 3 around the vertical axis 4 by angular displacement.

The signal derived from the vertical gyro 87 on line 134 is also provided to another gain circuit 137 with variable gain, amplified and provided from line 138 to servo circuits 139,140. The servo circuits 139 and 140 drive the deflectors 131 and 132 of the propulsion pumps 22 and 23, respectively.

The hull 1 is provided with a speedometer 141 for detecting the speed of the boat. The output of this speedometer 141 is supplied to the amplifier circuit via line 142.
135,137 respectively.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing gain characteristics of the amplifier circuits 135 and 137. A line l135 indicates the gain of the amplifier circuit 135.
The gain of the amplifier circuit 135 is small when the hull is at a low speed, increases as the boat speed increases, and becomes a constant value AR when the boat speed further increases. The characteristic of the gain of the other amplifying circuit 137 is shown by a line l137.
The gain of the amplifier circuit 137 is a constant value AD when the boat speed is low, and decreases as the boat speed further increases, and becomes zero when the boat speed further increases.

When the hydrofoil is winging at a high speed, the gain AR of the amplifier circuit 135 is large, whereby the forward strut 3 is driven and steering is performed. At this high speed, the gain AD of the amplifier circuit 137 is small or zero, so that the deflectors 131 and 132 provided in association with the propulsion pumps 22 and 23 change the direction of the jet water injected from the propulsion pumps 22 and 23. Without doing so, the water jets from the propulsion pumps 22, 23 travel straight behind the hull 1 and there is no loss of energy and therefore thrust. At a high speed, a sufficient rotational force can be obtained by only driving the forward strut 3 to make a turn.

During wing running at a low speed, the gain of the amplifier circuit 135 for deriving a signal for performing steering control of the forward strut 3 is small, whereas the gain AD of the amplifier circuit 137 is large, and therefore the deflectors 131 and 132 When driven, the jet direction of the jet water from the propulsion pumps 22 and 23 is changed, and a sufficient rotational force is obtained.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the previous embodiment, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the speedometer 14
The output derived from 1 to line 142 is the level discriminator 14
5 and is discriminated at a discrimination level corresponding to a predetermined boat speed. The excitation of the relay coil 147 of the relay 146 is controlled by the output of the level discrimination circuit 145,
Is demagnetized above the discrimination level set in the level valve circuit 145, the switch 148 is shut off, and when the actual boat speed is lower than the discrimination level, the relay coil 147 is excited. Switch 148 conducts.

Thus, at high speed, the output of the amplifier circuit 135 is supplied to the servo circuit 90 for driving the forward strut 3,
The output of the amplifying circuit 137 is blocked by the switch 148 and is not supplied to the servo circuits 139 and 140 for the deflectors 131 and 132. At low speed, the switch 148 conducts, and the outputs of the amplifier circuits 135 and 137 are supplied to the servo circuits 90; 139 and 140, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 9, in each of the above-described embodiments, the ship speed is the lowest speed V1 at which the wing running can be maintained, and the propulsion pumps 22, 23
However, when the steering angle of the helm 70 is kept constant within the range of the upper limit ship speed V2 driven by the turbines 26 and 27 as the main engines, the aft flaps 18 to 21 The value is kept at the corresponding value, and at this time, the turning radius of the hull 1 changes according to the change in the ship speed. In the present invention, when the ship speed is low as described above, the deflector 131,
Since 132 is used together with the forward strut 3, the turning radius can be reduced at low speed.

Advantageous Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, when winging at a low speed, such as when it is necessary to intentionally lower the ship speed and winging, it is only possible to use the forward strut. Instead, since the turning is performed using the deflector that changes the direction of the jet water of the propulsion pump, a sufficient rotational force can be applied to the hull. Further, according to the present invention, the gain of the second amplifying circuit 137 for driving the deflectors 131 and 132 is set to be large when the boat speed is low, so that the influence of the boat speed reduction due to the deflector operation can be minimized. For the first time, it is possible to improve the turning performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a hydrofoil ship according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the hydrofoil ship, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the hydrofoil ship, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure relating to the components 5 and 9, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the propulsion pump 22 as viewed from the rear of the hull 1, FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the electrical structure of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a graph showing the gain characteristics of the amplifier circuits 135 and 137, FIG. 8 is a partial electric circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a graph showing the ship speed, the turning radius and the turning radius achieved by the present invention. 6 is a graph showing the relationship of. 1 Hull 2 Bow 3 Strut forward strut 5, 9 Wings 6 Stern 7 8 Aft strut 10 Gas turbine jet water propulsion device 11 12 ……
Forward oil, 13,14 …… Forward flap, 1
6,17 …… Aftof oil, 18,19; 20,21 …… Aftflaps, 22,23 …… Propulsion pumps, 26,27 …… Gas turbines, 70 …… Helm, 87 …… Vertical gyros, 131,132 ……
Deflector, 135,137 …… Amplifier circuit, 141 …… Ship speedometer

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A forward strut 3 protruding downward from a bow 2 of a hull 1 and capable of angular displacement for steering around a vertical axis 4; A left and right aft struts 7 and 8 projecting downward from a stern 6 of the hull 1 and a pair of left and right aft struts 7 and 8 provided between the left and right aft struts 7 and 8 to incline the hull 1 A pair of stern wings 18, 19; 20, 21 capable of angular displacement as described above, and a pair of propulsion pumps 22, 23 provided on the starboard and port sides of the hull 1, respectively, behind the propulsion pumps 22, 23. Propulsion pump 2 that injects water from the injection nozzle 130 provided in the
A pair of deflectors 131, 132 that are provided behind the injection nozzles 130, respectively, and that can be angularly displaced about an axis parallel to the vertical axis of the hull 1 and that change the injection direction of the injection water from the injection nozzle 130. A helm 70 operated for turning, and respective left and right wings 18, 19; 20, 21 provided on the stern 6 are individually angularly displaced in response to an output corresponding to the steering angle of the helm 70. Drive control means 55,5 for driving and tilting the hull
6, 59, 60, 71, 72, 75, a vertical gyroscope 134 for detecting the roll angle, a speedometer 141 for detecting the ship speed, and an output of the vertical gyroscope 134 in response to the output of the speedometer 141 To
A first amplifier 135 that amplifies with a large gain when the ship speed is high and a small gain when the ship speed is low, and responds to the output level of the first amplifier circuit 135 in response to the output of the first amplifier circuit 135. In response to the output of the speedometer 141, the output of the vertical gyroscope 134 is
A second amplifier circuit 137 that amplifies with a small gain when the ship speed is high and a large gain when the ship speed is low, and responds to the output of the second amplifier circuit 137 in response to the output of the second amplifier circuit 137; And a drive control means for driving the deflectors 131 and 132 at angles to make a turn.