JP2701469B2 - Physical quantity data input/output device - Google Patents

Description

Description: Purpose of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an input/output device for physical quantity data which takes in various physical quantity data detected or received from the outside and transmits this physical quantity data to a data processing device.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in a measurement controller or a programmable controller, physical quantity data (rotation speed, stroke, etc.) representing the state of a controlled object is detected by an external sensor, etc.
Alternatively, as peripheral devices that take in data from other external measurement controllers, convert it into a specific signal, and send it to the calculation processing unit of the measurement controller, there are known digital data input/output boards that input/output digital signals from an encoder that detects the number of revolutions, and analog data input/output boards that input/output analog data from a linear sensor that detects strokes, etc. The digital data input/output boards are equipped with a pulse counter, and the analog data input/output boards are equipped with an A/D converter, and both are capable of sending physical quantity data in digital signals to digital control devices such as a measurement controller.

In general, a bus-connected measurement controller used for measurement has multiple I/O boards on a motherboard,
It is connected to a CPU board having a central processing unit (CPU), and physical quantity data is input to the CPU board via the bus line, where various calculation processes are performed.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the format of the physical quantity data sent from each input/output board is not fixed, and in the above-mentioned measurement controller, the digital data input/output board sends the pulse count value of the pulse counter, and the analog data input/output board sends the A/D conversion value sampled and quantized by A/D conversion. For this reason, on the CPU board side, separate data import routines are prepared for the digital data input/output board and the analog data input/output board, and the actual calculation processing is performed after converting the data into the data format required for calculation. As a result, there was a problem that the burden on the software on the CPU board side was large and the software design became complicated.

In addition, even in a single I/O board, the measurement range may change depending on the measurement target or the sensitivity of the sensor. For this reason, the CPU board needs to have separate conversion software to convert the data format in response to this range change when processing the captured data.

In addition, if the accuracy of the sensor differs, the number of digits of the physical quantity data will differ, and the CPU board must adjust the number of digits of the physical quantity data to the number of digits used for calculation processing according to the accuracy of the sensor, and conversion software is required for this purpose. Also, since the data format was not unified in conventional input/output boards, physical quantity data in completely different formats, such as BCD code, binary code, fixed point, and floating point, was sent to the CPU board. For this reason, it was necessary to convert these different formats of physical quantity data into a format for calculation processing on the CPU board side. In the software for unifying the formats, the CPU board must also determine in which format the data is sent from which board, making the creation of conversion software an extremely complicated and cumbersome task.

Furthermore, the physical quantity data sent from the input/output board is not in a consistent unit system depending on the sensor or object of measurement.
For this reason, it was necessary to convert the data into a unit system suitable for the calculation on the CPU board side, or to change the calculation formula or other software issues.

As described above, conventional input/output boards require complicated software design, such as software for converting physical quantity data into a data format used for calculation, or a calculation formula for each input/output board, or calculation software designed while taking into account the input/output board.

Furthermore, if the input/output board plugged into the motherboard is changed, for example if the measurement target is the same but the sensor is changed from digital to analog, new software design is required, making it difficult to perform flexible measurement and calculation processing.

The object of the input/output device for physical quantity data of the present invention is to solve such problems, reduce the burden on software design on the data processing device side, and enable flexible measurement and calculation processing to be easily performed.

Configuration of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] As shown in FIG. 1, an input/output device for physical quantity data of the present invention takes in various physical quantity data detected or received from outside and transmits the physical quantity data to a data processing device L having at least an arithmetic processing unit, and is characterized by comprising: a parameter setting unit M1 which sets at least a condition of a magnitude of a physical quantity indicated by unit data or a condition of a unit system of the physical quantity data taken in from outside; a data conversion unit M2 which converts the physical quantity data into at least physical quantity data consisting of unit data of a set magnitude or physical quantity data consisting of a set unit system according to the setting conditions of the parameter setting unit M1; a format unification unit M3 which unifies the converted physical quantity data into a predetermined format for transmission; and a formatted data transmission unit M4 which transmits the physical quantity data formatted by the format unification unit M3 to the data processing device L at a predetermined timing.

In the physical quantity data input/output device of the present invention, the parameter setting unit M1 sets at least the conditions of the magnitude of the physical quantity or the conditions of the unit system of the unit data of the physical quantity data imported from the outside.
According to the set conditions, the physical quantity data taken in from the outside is converted into at least physical quantity data consisting of unit data of a set size or physical quantity data consisting of a set unit system. The format unification unit M3 unifies the converted physical quantity data into a predetermined format for transmission. Then, the formatted data transmission unit
M4 sends this formatted physical quantity data at a predetermined timing to the data processing device L. As a result, the data processing device L can execute various arithmetic processing based on the physical quantity data unified in a predetermined format.

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of a measurement controller unit to which the physical quantity data input/output device of the present invention is applied will be described. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the entire unit.

The measurement controller unit includes a motherboard 3 on which a system bus 1 is arranged so that six edge connector type boards can be attached, and a CP
It consists of a U board 5, an analog data input/output board 7, a digital data input/output board 9, and an inter-unit data input/output board 11, which are also attached to the mother board 3. Three more boards can be connected to this mother board 3.

The analog data input/output board 7 sends physical quantity data of the stroke of the object to be measured, detected by the connected linear sensor 13, to the CPU board 5. In addition, the digital data input/output board 9 sends physical quantity data of the number of rotations of the object to be measured, detected by the connected encoder 15, to the CPU board 5. Furthermore, the inter-unit data input/output board 11 sends physical quantity data received from other measurement controller units via the inter-unit interface 17 to the CPU board 5. The CPU board 5 receives these physical quantity data and executes various calculation processes.

As shown in FIG. 3, the system bus 1 is connected to the CPU board 5.
A control signal line 19 for transmitting and receiving control signals between the input/output boards 7, 9, and 11, a data bus 21 for transmitting and receiving data signals, and an address bus 23 for transmitting and receiving address signals.
It is equipped with:

The CPU board 5 is configured as a logic operation circuit centering on the CPU 25, ROM 27, and RAM 29. The CPU board 5 further includes a dedicated high-speed arithmetic processor 31 for performing high-speed numerical calculations and an arithmetic subroutine ROM 33 to reduce the burden on the user in designing software.
35, which allows the CPU 25 to be used more efficiently.

The CPU board 5 is also provided with a data bus 37 and an address bus 39 for transmitting and receiving internal signals. A data read/write control interface 41 for transmitting and receiving data with each of the input/output boards 7, 9, and 11 is also connected to these buses 37 and 39. The data read/write control interface 41 transmits and receives signals according to a predetermined data transmission/reception protocol, and also checks the input/output data by determining the nature of the signal, such as whether the given signal is a data signal or a simple on/off signal for control.

Each of the data input/output boards 7, 9, and 11 includes an external signal conversion interface section 43, a parameter setting section 45, a data conversion section 47, and a data format conversion interface section 49.
It is equipped with.

The external signal conversion interface unit 43 is connected to various sensors 13, 1
5 or the inter-unit interface 17 to convert the physical quantity data signal into digital parallel data.
Furthermore, the parameter setting unit 45 sets conditions such as the weight per bit of this digital parallel data, for example the relationship between the detection value [pulse] of the encoder 15 and the rotation speed [rpm], and the unit system, for example [mm] for the linear sensor 13, [rpm] for the encoder 15, and further [kg m] when torque data is input.

The data conversion unit 47 is an external signal conversion interface unit 43.
The physical quantity data converted into the digital parallel data by the parameter setting unit 47 is
The weights and unit values of the unit data are converted. The converted physical quantity data is converted by the data format conversion interface unit 49 into floating-point format data consisting of a significant digit part and an exponent part of a predetermined number of digits. This formatted data is input to the input/output boards 7, 9,
The signals are sent from the input terminal 11 to the CPU board 5 at a predetermined timing and used for various calculations.

In addition, in the inter-unit data input/output board 11,
When digital parallel data is originally sent from another unit, the data is taken in as is without conversion by the external signal conversion interface section 43 .

Here, in order to clarify the functions of the input/output boards 7, 9, and 11, a more detailed configuration will be taken as an example of the digital data input/output board 9, and an explanation will be given of the process of converting the physical quantity data of the rotation speed of the object to be measured detected by the encoder 15 into formatted data with a data length of 4 bytes and sending it to the CPU board 5.

As shown in Fig. 4, the digital data input/output board 9 is provided with a logical operation circuit mainly composed of a data processing CPU 51, a data processing program ROM 53, and a data processing working RAM 55. Also, a connector 57 is provided for receiving a pulse signal detected by the encoder 15.
The signal input from 57 is input to a multiplexer 59, which includes a pulse counter 61 and
An UP/DOWN counter 63 is connected.
1, UP/DOWN counter 63 converts the pulse signal detected by encoder 15 into a digital parallel signal. Also, a rotation speed conversion counter latch 65 and a counter latch 67 are connected to each counter 61, 63. Pulse counter 61 is reset at a predetermined time interval based on a reset signal SR sent from frequency divider circuit 69. Also,
The reset signal SR 65 repeats the latch operation at a predetermined time interval in response to the latch signal SL sent by the frequency division circuit 69.
In response to the latch signal SL, the rotation speed conversion counter latch 65 captures the pulse count signal counted by the pulse counter 61 during a predetermined time as counter latch data CNTn [pulse] and sends this to the data processing RAM 55.

On the other hand, the UP/DOWN counter 63 counts up the pulse signal detected by the encoder 15 when the duty is on, and counts down when the duty is off.
Similarly, the UP/DOWN count signal sent by the UP/DOWN counter 63 is latched based on the latch signal SL1 sent by the frequency divider circuit 69, and this is sent to the data processing working RAM 55 as an UP/DOWN judgment value. The data processing CPU 51 reads out this UP/DOWN judgment value as necessary, and if the value can be regarded as zero, for example, it judges that the duty of the detection signal of the encoder 15 is 50% and the detection signal is normal, and conversely, if it is positive or negative, it judges that the detection signal is abnormal. Causes of abnormality in the detection signal include when the teeth or slits of the detector of the encoder 15 are missing, or when the encoder 15 is, for example, an electromagnetic pickup type, where a gear having a detection teeth is attached at an angle to the rotating shaft, etc.

The frequency divider circuit 69 is connected to a sampling period setting DIP switch 71 for setting a sampling period Tn [msec] for sampling the detection value from the encoder 15, and a clock oscillator 73. By operating the DIP switch 71, the sampling period Tn can be set arbitrarily, and this set value Tn is stored in the data processing working RAM 55.

Furthermore, the digital data input/output board 9 transmits the physical quantity data of the number of rotations detected by the encoder 15 to the CPU board 5.
The unit system to be used when sending to the
ec], etc., and the number of detection pulses (hereinafter referred to as the number of weighted pulses) Pn [pulses/r
Rotary code switch 7 for setting the weight
7a to 77d. DIP switch 75 for setting the unit system and rotary code switches 77a to 77d for setting the weight.
The conditions set in the above are input to the data processing working RAM 55 via buffers 79 and 81, respectively.

In addition, the digital data input/output board 9 is equipped with a DIP switch 81 for setting address data for setting address data that identifies the board itself, an address decoder 83, and an input/output data buffer 85 for handling this address data and physical quantity data formatted into 4-byte floating-point data by processing described later. The input/output data buffer 85 transmits and receives signals such as data and commands to and from the CPU board 5 via the above-mentioned system bus 1.

The digital data input/output board 9 is provided with n connectors 57n similar to those described above, and n encoders 15n
Correspondingly, n number of DIP switches 71n, 75n and rotary code switches 77an to 77dn for setting various conditions are provided, but these are omitted in order to avoid complicating the drawing.

The data processing working RAM 55 is constructed of a ring memory, and is capable of securing an area for storing matrix data of m rows and n columns.

Next, the data conversion and format unification process executed by the input/output device for physical quantity data of this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the data conversion and format unification process.

This process is executed by interrupting at a predetermined time interval, and first, the input channel n that designates the target encoder 15n is initialized (step 100).
The counter latch data CNTn [pulse] captured by the counter 65n is read (step 110). Also, the period Tn [msec] set by the dip switch 71 for setting the sampling period is read (step 111).
(step 120). Furthermore, the number of weighted pulses Pn [pulses/rev.] per revolution set by the rotary code switches 77a to 77d is read (step 130).

Next, the physical quantity data detected in the input channel n is converted into rotation data Nn [ram] based on equation (1) (step 140).

Nn = CNTn · {(60/Pn) · (1000/Tn)} ... (1) Next, this rotation speed data Nn [rpm] is unified from binary data to floating point data with a data length of 4 [bytes] by normal data format unification processing (step 150). The result of this format unification is stored in a predetermined position in the ring memory of the data processing working RAM 55 as formatted data for channel n (step 160). Note that while the processing of this step 160 is being executed, interrupt instructions from the CPU board 5 are prohibited.

Next, input channel n is converted to the next channel n = n + 1
(step 170). Then, the processes from step 110 onwards are repeated until data sampling is completed for all input channels n=0 to n0 (step 180).

The results of the calculations in step 150 are written to the respective predetermined addresses in the data processing working RAM 55.
The data is stored in chronological order. When the ring memory becomes full, the oldest data is overwritten.

On the other hand, the CPU board 5 sends out a data request signal as required for arithmetic processing, etc. The data request signal is a set of the address of the input/output boards 7, 9, 11 and the input/output channel k (for example, 0 to n0 for the input/output board 9).
1 is a flowchart of a data transfer process executed by the
FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the signal transmission between the CPU board 55 and the digital data input/output board 9 at that time.

In the data transfer process, first, at time T1, the CPU board 5 transmits the kth data of the digital data input/output board 9.
A data request command specifying the nth input/output channel n=k is sent.
If interrupts are disabled in step 160 at time k, the data request instruction from the CPU board 5 is made to wait (time T0 to T1).

At time T1, when the input/output data buffer 85 receives a data request instruction, the digital data input/output board 9 is then prohibited from executing data conversion processing and the like (step 200).
Read the instruction for input/output channel n=k (step 21
0). Next, the formatted data corresponding to this I/O channel n=k is read from the working RAM 55 (step 220) and stored in the I/O data buffer 85 (time T2: step 230). Then, the CPU board 5 is notified that the storage of the formatted data in the I/O data buffer 85 has been completed (time T3: step 240).

Meanwhile, upon receiving this storage completion signal, the CPU board 5 turns off the data request indication signal (time T4). The digital data input/output board 9 waits for this data request indication signal to be turned off (step 250), then releases the inhibition of interrupts and becomes able to execute data conversion processing etc. again.

After this, the CPU board 5 receives 4 bytes from the I/O buffer 85.
es] formatted data is read sequentially (time T5~
T8).

The other input/output boards 7, 11 also employ a configuration similar to that of the digital data input/output board 9, and execute similar processing. The analog data input/output board 7 differs slightly in configuration from the digital data input/output board 9 in that it has an A/D converter instead of the pulse counter 61, etc., but it is essentially the same in configuration and function as the digital data input/output board 9, taking in physical quantity data, executing data conversion based on set conditions, and unifying the data as a format. Also, the inter-unit data input/output board 11
It differs from the digital data input/output board 9 in that it directly receives digital parallel data from the inter-unit interface 17, but its essential configuration and function are the same as those of the digital data input/output board 9.

As described above, according to the physical quantity data input/output device of this embodiment, physical quantity data detected from an object to be measured or received from another measurement controller unit or the like can be converted into formatted data in floating-point format with a data length of 4 bytes and sent to the CPU board 5. Therefore, on the CPU board 5 side, this formatted data can be directly used for calculation processing and the like.

Furthermore, even when a plurality of input/output boards 7, 9, 11, etc. are connected and a plurality of physical quantity data of different properties are detected or received to perform arithmetic processing, the CPU board 5 can receive formatted data, so that the physical quantity data can be used as is for various arithmetic processing, etc., without any processing on the CPU board 5 side.

As a result, the software design on the CPU board 5 side can be simplified.

Furthermore, the weight of unit data and the unit system of data can be changed on each of the input/output boards 7, 9, 11, and the detected or received physical quantity data is converted according to the set conditions, so that physical quantity data in the unit system required by the arithmetic processing software on the CPU board 5 can be obtained according to the sensitivity of the sensors attached to each of the input/output boards 7, 9, 11. Moreover, as described above, this data is sent out in a standardized floating-point format. Therefore, the sensors and other elements can be changed and physical quantity data for arithmetic processing can be supplied without any changes or modifications to the arithmetic processing software on the CPU board 5 that has already been set.

Furthermore, the rotary code switches 77a to 77d can be used to arbitrarily select the setting conditions for the weighting of data, and a configuration is adopted in which data is converted based on this, so even if the measurement range of the object to be measured is changed according to the sensor or accuracy of the calculation process, there is no need to make any changes to the calculation process software on the CPU board 5. Therefore, calculations can be performed with the accuracy freely changed while leaving the calculation process software as it is.

In addition, a ring memory is used as the data processing working RAM 55, and data corresponding to n channels can be stored in the memory in a time series of m rows and n columns.
In a data request instruction from the U-board 5, it is possible not only to specify a channel but also to request data at a specific time j of the kth channel. Alternatively, in order to know the history of a physical quantity, physical quantity data at a specific time j and the following time j+i can be requested. Furthermore, physical quantity data detected at the same time from multiple channels of multiple input/output boards can be requested, making it possible to perform extremely advanced calculation processing.

In this embodiment, both the weight of the unit data and the unit system can be set, but it is also possible to set only one of them.

In addition, the DIP switch 81 for address setting is not provided, and the insertion position of the motherboard 3 is set to each of the input/output boards 7, 9, 11.
If the DIP switch 81 for setting the address is provided as in this embodiment, it is effective in changing the insertion position on the motherboard 3, etc.

Furthermore, it is not necessary to configure it as a measurement controller unit. Even if it is configured with one input/output board and one sensor, it goes without saying that it will provide remarkable functions and effects not found in the past.

In addition, data conversion and format unification can be done either by software or by hardware.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. For example, formatted data may be transmitted as a CP
It is needless to say that the signal may be sent to the U-board 5 or sent as a serial signal, and the present invention can be embodied in various other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

As described above, the physical quantity data input/output device of the present invention is provided with a parameter setting section, a data conversion section, and a format unification section, so that it is possible to convert at least the weights or unit systems of unit data of physical quantity data detected or received from the outside in accordance with an arbitrary setting, and unify the data into a predetermined format for transmission. As a result, the data processing device can receive physical quantity data unified into a predetermined format,
These data can be used directly for calculation processing, etc.
Since there is no need to prepare physical quantity conversion software or the like on the data processing device side, software design can be simplified.

Furthermore, by employing the parameter setting unit, it is possible to change the accuracy of physical quantities, etc., without changing or modifying the calculation processing software already designed for the data processing device. Therefore, in order to obtain calculation results with the required accuracy, the existing software can be used as is, and it has become possible to execute highly versatile calculation processing without increasing the burden of designing the calculation processing software.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a measurement controller unit to be described as an embodiment, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the connection relationship between a CPU board and an input/output board and a schematic configuration, FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration of a digital data input/output board, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the data conversion and format unification process, FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the data transfer process,
The figure shows a timing chart of data transfer. M1: Parameter setting section M2: Data conversion section M3: Format unification section M4: Formatted data transmission section 3: Motherboard 5: CPU board 7: Analog data input/output board 9: Digital data input/output board 11: Inter-unit data input/output board 13: Linear sensor 15: Encoder 17: Inter-unit interface 43: External signal interface section 45: Parameter setting section 47: Data conversion section 49: Data format conversion interface section 51: Data processing CPU 53: Data processing program ROM 55: Data processing working RAM 61: Pulse counter 65: Rotation speed conversion counter latch 69: Frequency division circuit 71: DIP switch for setting sampling period 75: DIP switch for setting unit system 77a-77d: Rotary code switch for setting weight 85: Input/output data buffer

───────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Continued from the front page (56) References JP 63-217797 (JP, A) JP 62-14282 (JP, A) Utility Model Application Publication No. 58-56973 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] An input/output device for physical quantity data that takes in various physical quantity data detected or received from an external source and transmits the physical quantity data to a data processing device having at least an arithmetic processing unit, wherein the physical quantity data taken in from the outside includes at least
1. An input/output device for physical quantity data, comprising: a parameter setting unit which sets a condition of a magnitude of a physical quantity represented by unit data or a condition of a unit system; a data conversion unit which converts the physical quantity data into at least physical quantity data consisting of unit data of a set magnitude or physical quantity data consisting of a set unit system in accordance with the condition set by the parameter setting unit; a format unification unit which unifies the converted physical quantity data into a predetermined format for transmission; and a formatted data transmission unit which transmits the physical quantity data formatted by the format unification unit to the data processing device at a predetermined timing.