JP2736035B2 - Solenoid and solenoid valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solenoid and a solenoid valve using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solenoids used for solenoid valves and the like have been known. Here, an example of a conventional solenoid is schematically shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c).

The solenoid 11 includes a winding 12 and a cubic case 13 for accommodating the winding 12, a fixed core (so-called magnetic core), a movable core, and the like (not shown). The winding 12 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and has a bobbin 14 having a through hole 14a at the center.
Is formed by winding a magnet wire 15 around the outer periphery of the wire.

The magnetomotive force of this type of solenoid 11 is represented by the product of the current (A) and the number of turns (T) (ie, A × T). Therefore, in order to increase the magnetomotive force when the power consumption is constant, it is indispensable to secure a large number of turns T by, for example, increasing the outer diameter of the winding.

[0005]

However, it is possible to increase the winding outer diameter as described above to some extent, but it is unavoidable that the winding outer diameter is restricted by the volume in the case 13. Therefore, in order to secure a sufficiently large number of turns T,
Further, it was necessary to use the case 13 having a large capacity (large sectional area). Therefore, it has not been possible to realize both the miniaturization of the solenoid 11 and the increase in the magnetomotive force.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized solenoid having a large magnetomotive force.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of windings wound in a substantially cylindrical shape are housed in parallel in a cubic case. The gist is a solenoid.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the number of the windings is two, and their central axes are arranged so as to pass over one of the case diagonals. Make a summary.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, both legs of one fixed U-shaped fixed iron core are inserted into the center holes of the two windings. That is the gist.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the dimensions of each part of the two windings are expressed by the following two formulas:
_{That, (a + b 2) /} (a + b 1) ≦ d 2 2 / d 1 2 b 2 = (D 2 -a) / 2 b 1 = (D 1 -a) / 2 [a: winding inner diameter, D _1: The outer diameter of the winding when one winding is used,
D ₂ : Outer winding diameter when two windings are used, b ₁ : One winding
, B ₂ : winding width with two windings, d ₁ : magnet wire diameter with one winding, d ₂ : magnet wire diameter with _two windings ] Is set as the gist.

[0011] The invention according to claim 5 provides the invention according to claims 1 to 4.
The gist of the present invention is an electromagnetic valve including: the solenoid according to any one of the above, and a valve unit in which a valve element driven by the solenoid is provided in a fluid flow path.

According to the first to fifth aspects of the present invention in which a plurality of windings are provided, even when a case having a conventional size is used, the number of windings is larger than when a single winding is used. Secured.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a solenoid used in a solenoid valve will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 1A, this solenoid 1 is composed of two windings 2 and a case 3 for accommodating them, a magnetic core 4 as a fixed iron core, a flapper 5 as a movable iron core, and the like. It is configured.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c), the case 3 has a vertically long cubic shape as a whole, and when projected from the vertical direction, its outer shape has a square shape. An opening 3 a for accommodating the winding 2 is provided on the lower end surface of the case 3. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the two windings 2 have a cylindrical shape as a whole and have the same dimensions. These windings 2 have a bobbin 6 having a through hole 6a at the center.
Is formed by winding a magnet wire 7 around the outer periphery of the. These windings 2 are accommodated in the case 3 in parallel. In this case, the central axes C1 of the two windings 2 are arranged so as to pass over one of the two case diagonals L1.

As shown in FIG. 1A, legs 4a of a substantially U-shaped magnetic core 4 are inserted into the through holes 6a of the bobbin 6 serving as the center holes of the windings 2, respectively. I have.
The lower end surfaces of the legs 4a slightly protrude from the lower openings of the through holes 6a. The disk-shaped flapper 5 is arranged to be vertically movable at a position facing the lower end surfaces of the two leg portions 4a. In addition, this flapper 5
Is always urged downward by a spring or the like (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1A, a valve section 8 having the same sectional shape as the case 3 is provided below the solenoid 1.
Is installed. A valve body (not shown) is housed inside a fluid flow path (not shown) formed in the valve portion 8. The valve body is driven up and down by being pressed by a flapper 5 via a valve rod (not shown).

When a current is supplied to the solenoid 1 configured as described above, a single magnetic circuit orbiting the magnetic core 4 and the flapper 5 is formed. As a result, the flapper 5 is sucked by the lower end surfaces of both legs 4a, and the direction of the flow of the fluid is switched. When the power supply to the solenoid 1 is stopped,
As the magnetic circuit disappears, the flapper 5 returns to its original position. As a result, the direction of the fluid flow switches to the initial state.

Next, a method for determining the optimum dimensions of each part of the winding 2 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the optimum dimension means a dimension necessary for securing a magnetomotive force at least equivalent to that of a conventional product when the cross-sectional area of the case 3 is constant. The main purpose of this type of solenoid 1 is to determine a winding outer diameter and a winding inner diameter, which are relatively easy factors for design change. Therefore, it can be considered that only these factors are variables to be calculated, and the other factors are constants.

In the upper left column of the table in FIG. 2, the basic form of the winding is schematically shown, which is provided with a symbol indicating the dimensions of each part. In the center of the upper column of the table of FIG. 2, a conventional solenoid having one winding is schematically shown, and on the right side of the upper column, a solenoid 1 of the present embodiment having two windings 2 is schematically shown. For convenience of explanation, the former is called a single-shaft solenoid,
The latter will be referred to as a biaxial solenoid 1. Similarly, symbols indicating the dimensions of the respective parts are also attached.

The length of the portion indicated by the symbol a attached to the basic shape of the winding is defined as "winding inner diameter". The length of the portion indicated by the symbol b is defined as “winding allowance”, and the length of the portion indicated by the symbol c is defined as “winding length”.

The length of the conventional example in which uniaxial type portions assigned indicated by symbol b ₁ is defined as wound margin in the winding. Symbols a and c are as described above. Length of the portion indicated by the symbol D ₁ is "Makigai径(more specifically, the maximum winding outer diameter of the winding can be accommodated in the case 3 of a certain size)" is defined as. Therefore, the winding outer diameter D ₁ is equal to the length of one side of the case 3. That is, at this time, the winding is in a state of being substantially inscribed in the inner wall surface of the case 3. The winding outer diameter D ₁ is {(winding allowance b ₁ ) × 2} +
(Winding inner diameter a).

Symbol b ₂ attached to the biaxial type according to the embodiment
Is defined as a winding allowance in the winding 2. Symbols a and c are as described above. Length of the portion indicated by the symbol D ₂ is defined as "Makigai径". The length of the portion indicated by the symbol t is defined as the insulation distance between the two windings 2. The maximum value (optimum value) can take Makigai径D ₂ is represented by _{D 2 = (√2D 1 -t)} / (√2 + 1) ... Equation 1 as (1). In other words, D ₂ can be regarded as a function of D _1.

Further, in the lower column of the table of FIG. 2, descriptions other than those described above are made. That, d ₁ is the magnet wire diameter when formed into a single-axis type, d ₂ is the magnet wire diameter when formed into a biaxial. T ₁ is the number of turns when the one-shaft type, T ₂ is the number of turns of when the biaxial.
γ is the thickness of the insulating film, and α is a constant related to the conductor resistance. W is power consumption, V is voltage, R is winding resistance, and A is current. Further, A × T ₁ represents the magnetomotive force of the uniaxial solenoid, and A × T ₂ represents the magnetomotive force of the biaxial solenoid 1.

Then, when the power consumption W (current A) is fixed, in order to satisfy the following equation 2, A × T ₂ ≧ A × T ₁ (2), the dimensions of each part are as follows. Are required to satisfy the following three expressions. _{That, (a + b 2) /} (a + b 1) ≦ d 2 2 / d 1 2 ... (3) b 2 = (D 2 -a) / 2 ... (4) b 1 = (D 1 -a) / 2 ... (5) Next, a description will be given of a process of deriving Equation 3 among Equations 3 to 5. First, the dimensions (winding allowance, winding length, magnet wire diameter, and insulation film thickness) of each part are substituted into Equation 6 obtained by dividing both sides of Equation 2 by A, that is, T ₂ ≧ T ₁ (6). The following equation 7 is obtained.

[0026]

(Equation 1) Equation 8 indicating that both winding resistances are equal,
That is, when the dimensions (winding length, winding length, magnet wire diameter, etc.) of each part and the like are substituted for R ₂ = R ₁ (8), the following equations 9 and 10 hold.

[0027]

(Equation 2) Then, from the results of Equations 7 and 10, Equation 3 above is derived. Next, d ₁ ,
Consider the d _2. General formula 11 representing power consumption W
Is expressed as follows.

W = V ² / R (11) When the equation (11) is transformed so that R is on the left side, the following equation (12) is obtained. R = V ² / W (12)

When the right-hand side of equation 9 (the value of R _{1 in} the uniaxial type) is substituted into equation 12 and d ₁ is solved, the following equations 13 to 16 are obtained.

[0030]

(Equation 3) Similarly, by substituting the left side of equation 9 (the value of R _{2 in the case} of the biaxial type) into equation 12 and solving for d ₂ , the following equation 17 is obtained.
~ 20.

[0031]

(Equation 4) As a result, it can be understood that d ₁ and d ₂ are functions of the winding inner diameter a. Then, when the overall calculation results so far, the winding inner diameter a is a value to be calculated also, it can be seen that a function of D _1. In other words, if the value of D ₁ corresponding to the length of one side of case 3 is determined in advance, it is possible to calculate the optimum value of the winding inner diameter a that can increase the magnetomotive force A × T _2. become. Of course, since D _{2 is} also a function of D _1, an optimum winding outer diameter D that can increase the magnetomotive force is obtained.
The value of ₂ can be calculated similarly.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the calculation results of the magnetomotive force A × T when the winding inner diameter a is changed under certain conditions. In the graph, the line segment S1, which connects the plurality of ○ points plotted show the magnetomotive force A × T ₂ of the solenoid 1 of the biaxial an embodiment. Further, the line segment S2, which connects a plurality of ■ points plotted show the magnetomotive force A × T ₁ of uniaxial type solenoid which is a conventional example.
These line segments S1 and S2 are all inclined rightward. However, since the slope of the line segment S1 is greater than the slope of the line segment S1, both line segments S1 and S2 intersect at one point. Therefore, when the value of D ₁ is determined in advance, the winding inner diameter a _cp when segment S1, S2 intersect
The value of a should be set so as to be smaller than the value of. According to the conditions in the graph, it is sufficient that a ≦ 4.5 mm.

As described above in detail, in the present embodiment, a so-called biaxial type configuration in which two windings 2 wound in a substantially cylindrical shape are accommodated in parallel in a cubic case 3 is used. I am taking it. Therefore, even when using a casing 3 of the size of the conventional, as compared to when the winding one the uniaxial type, can be more ensured turns T _2. Therefore, it is possible to realize the solenoid 1 which is small and has a larger magnetomotive force A × T ₂ than before. Therefore, an electromagnetic valve using such a solenoid 1 has extremely high performance.

In this embodiment, the center axis of the winding 2 is
So that C1 passes over one of the case diagonals L1
Are located in And it is such an arrangement method
And if it is arranged parallel to one side of case 3
Larger winding diameter D _TwoCan be set
You. This means that many turns T_TwoLeads to securing
The magnetomotive force A × T_TwoWill contribute to the increase in

Further, in the present embodiment, the two leg portions 4 of one substantially U-shaped magnetic core 4 are inserted into the through holes 6a of the bobbin 6.
a are respectively inserted. For this reason, the case 3 is more suitable for downsizing as compared to a case where a configuration in which a magnetic core 4 (or a magnetic frame) is provided for each winding 2 is adopted. This is because there is no need to secure a space for installing the magnetic core 4 (or the magnetic frame) in a surplus space in the case 2 (that is, a space not occupied by the two windings 2). This means that the constraint imposed by the volume of the case 3 is further reduced. Also, the use of the substantially U-shaped magnetic core 4 as described above leads to a reduction in the number of parts.

Also, in the present embodiment, by calculating the winding outer diameter D ₂ and the winding inner diameter a of the winding 2 on the basis of the above-described calculation results, it is possible to easily determine the optimum dimensions for increasing the magnetomotive force A × T _2. And can be set reliably.

The present invention can be modified, for example, as follows. (1) Like the solenoid 9 of another embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a configuration in which four windings 2 are accommodated in a case 3 in parallel may be employed. In this solenoid 9, two of the case diagonal lines L1 are placed on one and two
The center axis C1 of the winding 2 is arranged. It goes without saying that even with the above configuration, the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained. In addition, three or five windings 2
There may be more than one.

(2) The dimensions of each part of the winding 2 (particularly the winding outer diameter D
₂ and the winding inner diameter a) do not necessarily have to have the same dimensions as in the above-described embodiment or another embodiment. However, having the same size is advantageous in that it is easy to make components common and to calculate the optimum size.

(3) The cross-sectional shape of the case 3 does not necessarily have to be substantially square as in the above-described embodiments and the like, but may be, for example, rectangular. (4) Of course, a magnetic core 4 (or a magnetic frame) may be provided for each winding 2.

Here, in addition to the technical ideas described in the claims, the technical ideas grasped by the above-described embodiments are listed below together with their effects. (1) The solenoid according to claim 1, wherein the number of the windings is four, and a center axis thereof is disposed so as to pass on a diagonal line of the case. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a small solenoid having a large magnetomotive force.

The technical terms used in this specification are defined as follows. "Case diagonal: refers to two line segments connecting two opposing corners in a rectangle formed when the case is traversed."

[0042]

As described in detail above, according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to provide a small-sized solenoid having a large magnetomotive force. According to the second, third, and fourth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to more reliably reduce the size and increase the magnetomotive force. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since a small-sized solenoid having a large magnetomotive force is used, a high-performance solenoid valve can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic sectional view showing an electromagnetic valve according to an embodiment, FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view thereof, and FIG. 1C is a perspective view showing a winding used therein.

FIG. 2 is a table for explaining dimensions of each part.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a calculation result of a magnetomotive force A × T when a winding inner diameter a is changed.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing a solenoid valve according to another embodiment;
(B) is a perspective view showing a winding used for it.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional example, (b) is a schematic plan view, and (c) is a perspective view showing a winding used therein.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 9 solenoid, 2 winding, 3 case, 4 magnetic core as fixed iron core, 6a through hole of bobbin as central hole, valve part 8, C1 central axis, L1 case diagonal.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A solenoid in which a plurality of windings (2) wound in a substantially cylindrical shape are housed in parallel in a cubic case (3). 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the windings (2) are two, and their central axes (C1) are arranged to pass over one of the case diagonals (L1). solenoid. 3. A center hole (6a) of each of the two windings (2) has a pair of legs (4) of a substantially U-shaped fixed iron core (4).
3. The solenoid according to claim 1, wherein a) is inserted. 4. A solenoid according to claim 3, wherein the dimensions of each part of said two windings (2) are set so as to satisfy the following equation. _{(A + b 2) / (} a + b 1) ≦ d 2 2 / d 1 2 b 2 = (D 2 -a) / 2 b 1 = (D 1 -a) / 2 [a: winding inner diameter, D _1: winding Outside diameter when one is set,
D ₂ : Outer winding diameter when two windings are used, b ₁ : One winding
, B ₂ : winding width with two windings, d ₁ : magnet wire diameter with one winding, d ₂ : magnet wire diameter with _two windings ] 5. A valve part in which a solenoid (1, 9) according to claim 1 and a valve element driven by said solenoid (1, 9) are provided in a fluid flow path. (8) A solenoid valve comprising: