JP2760143B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigeration system using a mixed refrigerant to obtain a higher temperature.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following two-stage compression refrigeration cycle has been used as a method for obtaining a higher temperature in a refrigeration apparatus (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-178158).

Hereinafter, an example of the refrigeration apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

 FIG. 3 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing a conventional example.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a first compressor (hereinafter, referred to as a first compressor (low pressure)) that uses a high-temperature vapor refrigerant as a refrigerant, 2 denotes a first condenser, 3 denotes a gas-liquid separator, and 4 denotes a first throttle device. Reference numeral 5 denotes an evaporator which is annularly connected to form a main refrigerant circuit, and reference numeral 6 denotes a second compressor (hereinafter, referred to as a second compressor (high pressure)) using the refrigerant as a high-temperature and high-pressure vapor refrigerant.
Called. ) And 7 are second condensers, and 8 is a second expansion device, which forms a second (high pressure) refrigerant circuit. As the refrigerant, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant composed of a plurality (here, two types) of refrigerants having different boiling points is used.

The operation of the refrigeration cycle configured as described above will be described below.

The high-temperature refrigerant vapor compressed by the first compressor 1
The liquid refrigerant enters the condenser 2 and condenses many of the high-boiling components in the mixed refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 3, where the liquid refrigerant is decompressed through the first expansion device 4, and the evaporator 5 removes heat from an external heat source. It absorbs and evaporates and returns to the suction of the first compressor 1. On the other hand, the gas-liquid separator 3
The vapor refrigerant containing a large amount of the low-boiling-point component separated in the above is sucked into the second compressor 6. The vapor refrigerant which has been compressed by the second compressor 6 to have a high temperature and a high pressure is condensed in the second condenser 7 at a condensation temperature higher than the condensation temperature of the first condenser 2. The liquid refrigerant condensed in the second condenser 7 is returned to the space between the gas-liquid separator 3 and the first expansion device 4 via the second expansion device 8, and merges with the refrigerant in the main refrigerant circuit. The air is sucked into the first compressor 1 through the first expansion device 4 and the evaporator 5.

Accordingly, since the vapor refrigerant sucked into the second compressor 6 is kept in a saturated state, the discharge temperature of the compressor can be kept low and a higher temperature can be obtained as compared with the single-stage compression refrigeration cycle.

However, in the above configuration, when the refrigerant sucked into the second (high-pressure) compressor has a high low-boiling-point component concentration and a high condensing temperature, the pressure increases, leading to a decrease in efficiency. There was a problem that.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to obtain a higher temperature efficiently.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention connects a refrigerant separation device having a functional membrane that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant to a refrigeration cycle.

Operation The present invention enables the refrigerant to be separated not only from a non-co-mixed refrigerant but also from an azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and to circulate a refrigerant having a high boiling point component in a high-pressure refrigerant circuit, thereby efficiently obtaining a higher temperature. Can be.

EXAMPLES First, experimental results that clarify that a functional membrane can be used for refrigerant separation will be described.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a refrigerant separator (hereinafter simply referred to as a separator) 101 using a functional membrane.

In the figure, a separator main body 102 is partitioned into a high-pressure side space a and a low-pressure side space b by a net-like holder 104, and a functional film 103 is installed on the high-pressure side of the holder 104. Also, the separator body 102 includes
High-pressure refrigerant inlet pipe 105, outlet pipe 106, permeated refrigerant outlet pipe
107 is provided.

In the separator 101 having the above-described structure, a benzene solution of dimethyl silicone is spread on water to form the functional film 103, and the ultra-thin film is formed thereon. Then, the thin film is transferred to a porous polypropylene film (Celanese: Duragard). Is used as a polymer composite membrane to separate a mixed refrigerant of R-114 and R-22.

The mixed refrigerant pressurized by the compressor or the like is sent from the inlet pipe 105 to the high-pressure side space a in the separator main body 102. Here, due to the pressure difference between the high-pressure side space a and the low-pressure side space b, part of the refrigerant permeates into the low-pressure side space b and is discharged from the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107. At this time, R-114 is more easily permeated than R-22, and the ratio of R-114 of the refrigerant discharged from the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 is higher than the refrigerant composition of the inlet pipe 105. On the other hand, the ratio of R-114 in the refrigerant composition discharged from the high-pressure refrigerant outlet pipe 106 without passing through the functional film 103 decreases.

 Table 1 shows an example of the experimental results.

Table 1 shows the case where refrigerant vapor flows from the inlet pipe of the separator 101. However, separation can also be performed by flowing refrigerant liquid or a mixture of vapor and liquid.

Thus, it has been clarified that refrigerant separation can be performed using the functional membrane.

In the previous experiment, a polymer composite membrane was prepared by spreading a benzene solution of dimethyl silicone on water, forming an ultra-thin film, and then transferring and forming a film on a porous polypropylene film (Celanese: Duragard). Alternatively, natural rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, or the like may be used as a nonporous polymer membrane material other than dimethyl silicone.

Further, even if the refrigerant is separated using a porous polymer membrane, a biological membrane, or the like and the ratio of the permeation amount is used, it does not depart from the gist of the present invention.

Next, an embodiment of a refrigeration cycle using the functional film will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture of R-22 and R-114 is used as the refrigerant, the component ratio of R-114, which easily permeates the functional membrane, is increased, and the refrigerant is circulated to the high-temperature side cycle to thereby increase the high-temperature side. An example in which the pressure is kept low and a high temperature is efficiently obtained will be described.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a first compressor (hereinafter, referred to as a first (low-pressure) compressor) using a high-temperature vapor refrigerant as a refrigerant, 12 an intercooler, and 13 a second refrigerant using a high-temperature high-pressure vapor refrigerant. (Hereinafter referred to as a second (high pressure) compressor), 14 is a condenser, 101
Is a separator configured as described above, the outlet pipe 106 of the separator 101 penetrates the inside of the intercooler 12, and the expansion device 1
5. It is connected to the evaporator 16 in a ring shape to form a main refrigerant circuit. Further, the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 of the separator 101 having the above configuration
Is connected to the intercooler 12.

The operation of the refrigeration cycle configured as described above will be described below.

The high-temperature refrigerant vapor compressed by the first (low-pressure) compressor 11 is mixed and cooled with the refrigerant having a high R-114 concentration separated from the separator 101 by the intercooler 12, and cooled by the second (high-pressure) compressor 13. Inhaled. The refrigerant that has been compressed by the second (high-pressure) compressor 13 and has become high-temperature and high-pressure vapor refrigerant is condensed by the condenser 14 and is separated by the separator 10.
Flow into one. In the separator 101, the R-114 that easily permeates the functional membrane 103 enters the intercooler 12 through the permeation outlet pipe 107, mixes with the high-temperature refrigerant vapor compressed by the first (low-pressure) compressor 11, and cools it. . On the other hand, since R-22 hardly permeates through the functional membrane 103, the R-22 is further added to the outlet pipe 106 of the separator 101.
The concentration increases. Then, it passes through the intercooler 12, passes through the expansion device 15, is decompressed, is absorbed and vaporized by the evaporator 16, and is sucked into the first (low pressure) compressor 11.

Accordingly, the discharge temperature of the second (high-pressure) compressor 13 can be lowered, and the concentration of the high-boiling component R-114 in the condenser 14 is high. Since the temperature can be suppressed, a higher temperature can be efficiently obtained.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, by using a mixed refrigerant and separating the refrigerant in the separation circuit, a higher temperature can be efficiently obtained using a two-stage compression cycle.

In this example, R-22 was used as the low-boiling refrigerant, and R-114 was used as the high-boiling refrigerant.However, other refrigerants may be used, and if a refrigerant having a lower boiling point than R22 is used as the low-boiling refrigerant. In addition, a lower temperature can be efficiently obtained with an evaporator.

Effect of the Invention As described above, the present invention efficiently obtains a higher temperature by providing a refrigerant separator having a functional membrane that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser of the two-stage compression cycle. It has the effect of being able to do it.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a detailed sectional view of a refrigerant separator in one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing an embodiment using the same, and FIG. 3 is a refrigeration cycle diagram in a conventional example. is there. 11 ... first (low pressure) compressor, 12 ... intercooler, 13 ...
2nd (high pressure) compressor, 14 ... condenser, 15 ... throttle device,
16 ... evaporator, 101 ... refrigerant separator, 103 ... functional membrane.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first compressor using a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture and using the refrigerant as a high-temperature vapor refrigerant, an intercooler, and a second compressor using the refrigerant cooled by the intercooler as a high-temperature and high-pressure vapor refrigerant. A compressor, a condenser, a refrigerant separator, a throttling device, and an evaporator having a functional membrane for facilitating the permeation of a specific refrigerant among a plurality of types of refrigerants are connected in a ring shape to specify the plurality of types of refrigerants. A refrigerating apparatus in which a permeated refrigerant outlet of a refrigerant separator having a functional membrane for facilitating the permeation of a refrigerant is connected to an intercooler.