JPH0760025B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus which uses a mixed refrigerant and whose capacity can be varied according to a load.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following refrigeration cycle has been used as a method of varying the capacity depending on the load, particularly in a refrigeration apparatus using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-99062).

An example of the refrigerating apparatus will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing a conventional example.

In FIG. 4, 1 is a compressor having an injection function, 2 is a condenser, 3 is a first expansion device, 4 is a second expansion device, 5 is an evaporator, and these are connected in an annular shape. . Further, 6 is a rectifier, and at the intermediate pressure of the first and second expansion devices 3 and 4, the refrigerant is branched and introduced under the rectifier 6 via the pipe 7. Inside the rectifier 6 there is a filler 8
And a low temperature pipe 10 extending from the condenser 2 to the first expansion device 3 and a low temperature pipe 10 extending from the second expansion device 4 to the evaporator 5 are arranged as heat exchangers, respectively. There is. Furthermore, an injection circuit 12 via a first solenoid valve 11 for injecting a refrigerant vapor into the cylinder of the compressor 1 from the top of the rectifier 6 is connected, and the bottom reservoir of the rectifier 6 is connected.
The lower part 13 is connected to the evaporator 5 inlet via a second solenoid valve 14. As the refrigerant, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant composed of two kinds of refrigerants having different boiling points is used.

The operation of the refrigerating apparatus configured as described above will be described below.

First, when the first and second electromagnetic valves 11 and 14 are closed during normal operation, the rectifier 6 serves as a liquid storage and a fixed amount of liquid is stored.

Next, when the first solenoid valve 11 is opened, the refrigerant vapor in the upper part of the rectification column is injected into the compressor 1 through the injection circuit 12.
As a result, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is introduced into the rectifier 6 through the pipe 7. Refrigerant vapor having a high concentration of low boiling point components is stored in the upper part of the rectifier 6, and refrigerant liquid having a high concentration of high boiling point components is stored in the bottom reservoir 13, but the low boiling point components in the liquid refrigerant are heated by the high temperature pipe 9. Boil and rise. In the upper part, the high boiling point component in the refrigerant vapor is condensed and descends by the low temperature pipe 10. Then, vapor-liquid contact with vapor rising in the middle is carried out to perform rectification by heat exchange and substance exchange, and a high boiling point component is stored in the bottom reservoir 13. Therefore, the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 1 has many low-boiling components. Since the low boiling point component has a small gas specific volume, the refrigerant circulation amount of the compressor 1 increases, and the refrigerant by injection is added, and the capacity of the condenser 2 increases.

Further, when the first solenoid valve 11 is closed and the second solenoid valve 14 is opened, the high boiling point component stored in the bottom reservoir is injected into the evaporator 5, so that the circulation amount is reduced and the capacity is reduced. it can.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the above configuration has the following problems.

First of all, it is necessary to perform heating and cooling in order to carry out rectification separation.

Secondly, in order to improve the rectification separation performance, it is necessary to put a packing material inside the rectification column to increase the height and increase the number of theoretical plates.

As described above, there are problems such as an increase in size and complexity of the device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to realize the downsizing, simplification, high performance, and increase of the variable width of the separation circuit.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is to connect a refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates passage of a refrigerant of a specific type to a refrigeration cycle.

Effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention can separate not only non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants but also azeotropic mixed refrigerants, and can achieve downsizing, simplification, and high performance of the separation circuit, and increase the variable capacity range.

Example First, an experimental result that clarifies that a functional film can be used for refrigerant separation will be described.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a refrigerant separator (hereinafter simply referred to as a separator) 101 using a functional film.

In the figure, the separator main body 102 is partitioned into a high pressure side space a and a low pressure side space b by a mesh-shaped holder 104, and the functional film 103 is installed on the high pressure side of the holder 104. Further, the separator main body 102 has a high-pressure refrigerant inlet pipe 105, an outlet pipe 106, and a permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107.
Is provided.

In the separator with the above configuration, a benzene solution of dimethyl silicone was spread on water as a functional film to make it an ultra-thin film, and then a thin film formed by transfer film formation on a porous polypropylene film (Ceraneys Co., Ltd .: Jura Guard) was prepared. A case where the mixed refrigerant of R-22 and R-13B1 is used as a molecular composite membrane and is separated will be described.

The mixed refrigerant pressurized by the compressor or the like is sent from the inlet pipe 105 to the high pressure side air a in the separator body 102. Here, due to the pressure difference between the high pressure side space a and the low pressure side space b, a part of the refrigerant permeates into the low pressure side space b and is discharged from the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107. At this time, R-22 is more likely to permeate than R-13B1, and the ratio of R-22 in the refrigerant discharged from the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 is higher than that in the inlet pipe 105. On the other hand, the high pressure refrigerant outlet pipe 106 without passing through the functional film 103.
The more discharged refrigerant composition has a lower R-22 ratio.

Table 1 shows an example of the experimental results.

Although the case where the refrigerant vapor is introduced from the inlet pipe of the separator 101 is shown in Table 1 above, the refrigerant vapor or the mixture of the vapor and the liquid can be introduced to separate the refrigerant vapor.

As described above, it has been clarified that the refrigerant can be separated by using the functional film.

In the previous experiment, a benzene solution of dimethyl silicone was spread on water to form an ultra-thin film, and then a polypropylene porous film (Ceraney's: Juraguard)
Although the polymer composite film formed by transfer film formation is used, natural rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate or the like may be used as the non-porous polymer film material other than dimethyl silicone.

Further, even if a porous polymer membrane, a biological membrane or the like is used and the refrigerant is separated by utilizing the ratio of permeation amounts, it does not depart from the gist of the present invention.

Next, Embodiments 1 and 2 of the refrigerant cycle using the functional film will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIG. 2 shows Example 1 in which a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of R-22 and R-13B1 is used as a refrigerant and the low boiling point component R-13B1 is separated and the capacity is controlled.

In the figure, 11 is a compressor having an injection function, 12 is a condenser, 13 is a first expansion device, 14 is a gas-liquid separator, and the liquid side outlet of the gas-liquid separator 14 is a second expansion device. It is annularly connected to the suction of the compressor 11 through the evaporator 15 and the evaporator 16. The vapor side outlet of the gas-liquid separator 14 is connected to the inlet pipe 105 of the separator 101 having the above configuration, and the outlet pipe 1 of the separator 101
06 is connected to the compressor 11 via the first solenoid valve 17 and constitutes an injection circuit 20. The permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 of the separator 101 is connected to the low pressure side between the second expansion device 15 and the evaporator 16 via a second electromagnetic valve 18.

The operation of the refrigeration cycle configured as above will be described below.

First, the case of normal operation will be described.

When the first solenoid valve 17 and the second solenoid valve 18 are closed, the refrigerant does not flow into the injection circuit and the permeation outlet pipe 107, so that the enclosed initial concentration refrigerant all passes through the second expansion device 15 and the evaporator. Flows to 16.

Next, when the first solenoid valve 17 is opened, in the gas-liquid separator 14, the vapor having a high concentration of the low boiling point component R-13B1 and the high boiling point component R-22.
The vapor refrigerant having a high concentration of R-13B1 separated into the liquid refrigerant having a high concentration flows into the separator 101. And R in the vapor refrigerant
Since −22 easily permeates the functional film 103, the R-22 concentration in the permeation outlet pipe 107 of the separator 101 becomes high. Second solenoid valve 1
Since 8 is still closed, the refrigerant having a high concentration of R-22 is stored in the permeation outlet pipe 107. R-13B1 is a functional film 103.
Is difficult to permeate through the outlet pipe 106 of the separator 101.
The 13B1 concentration further increases and is injected into the compressor 11 through the solenoid valve 17. Therefore, since the refrigerant having a high R-22 concentration is stored in the permeation outlet pipe 107, the concentration of the low boiling point component R-13B1 of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 11 is high, so that the circulation amount is increased. The refrigerant by injection is added, and the capacity of the condenser 12 is increased.

Further, when the first solenoid valve 17 is closed and the second solenoid valve 18 is opened,
The R-13B1 high-concentration vapor refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 14 flows into the separator 101. Since R-13B1 is less likely to permeate the functional membrane 103, the concentration of R-13B1 in the outlet pipe 106 of the separator 101 becomes higher, and the concentration of R-13B1 in the outlet pipe 106 is higher because the solenoid valve 17 is closed. Refrigerant is stored. Therefore, since the concentration of the high boiling point component R-22 of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 11 is high, the circulation amount is reduced, and since the refrigerant is not added by injection, the capacity of the condenser 12 is reduced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, by using the separator 101 using the functional film 103, it is possible to reduce the size and simplification of the separation circuit.

Next, FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment in which a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of R-22 and R-13B1 is used as the refrigerant and a plurality of separators having a functional film are used to control the capacity.

In the figure, 11 is a compressor having an injection function, 12 is a condenser, 13 is a first expansion device, 14 is a gas-liquid separator, and the liquid side outlet of the gas-liquid separator 14 is a second expansion device. It is annularly connected to the suction side of the compressor 11 via 15 and an evaporator 16. The vapor side outlet of the gas-liquid separator 14 is connected to the inlet pipe 105 of the first separator 101 having the above structure, and the separator 101
The outlet pipe 106 of is connected to the inlet of the second separator 201. The outlet pipe 106 of the second separator 201 is connected to the compressor 11 via the first solenoid valve 17, and the injection circuit
Makes up 20. The permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 of the first separator 101 is connected via the second electromagnetic valve 18, and the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 207 of the second separator 201 is connected via the third electromagnetic valve 19 to the first electromagnetic valve 19. The two expansion devices 15 and the evaporator 16 are connected to the low pressure side.

The operation of the refrigerant cycle configured as described above will be described below.

First, the case of normal operation will be described.

First solenoid valve 17, second solenoid valve 18 and third solenoid valve 19
Closing the injection circuit and the first separator 10
Since the refrigerant does not flow through the permeation outlet pipe 107 of 1 and the permeation refrigerant outlet pipe 207 of the second separator 201, all the enclosed initial concentration refrigerant flows through the second expansion device 15 to the evaporator 16.

Next, when the first solenoid valve 17 is opened, the gas-liquid separator 14 separates the vapor having a high concentration of the low boiling point component R-13B1 and the liquid refrigerant having a high concentration of the high boiling point component R-22, and the R-13B1 concentration. The high vapor refrigerant flows into the first separator 101. Since R-22 in the vapor refrigerant easily permeates the functional film 103, the R-22 concentration in the passage outlet pipe 107 of the first separator 101 becomes high. Since the second solenoid valve 18 is still closed, the refrigerant having a high concentration of R-22 is stored in the permeation outlet pipe 107. Also, R-13B1
Is less likely to permeate the functional membrane 103, the R-13B1 concentration becomes higher in the outlet pipe 106 of the first separator 101, passes through the outlet pipe 106 of the first separator 101, and reaches the second separator 201. Inflow. Also here, similarly, the R-22 concentration in the permeation outlet pipe 207 of the separator 201 becomes high and the third solenoid valve 19 remains closed, so that the permeation outlet pipe 207 stores the refrigerant having the high R-22 concentration, At the outlet pipe 206 of the separator 201, the R-13B1 concentration becomes higher, and the R-13B1 concentration passes through the solenoid valve 17 and is injected into the compressor 11. Therefore, the permeation outlet pipe 1 of the first separator 101
07 and the permeation outlet pipe 207 of the second separator 201 store the refrigerant having a high concentration of R-22, so that the low boiling point component R-13B1 of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 11 has a high concentration. The circulation amount increases, and the refrigerant by injection is added, so that the capacity of the condenser 12 increases.

When the first solenoid valve 17 is closed and the second solenoid valve 18 and the third solenoid valve 19 are opened, the R-13B1 separated by the gas-liquid separator 14 is separated.
The concentrated vapor refrigerant flows into the first separator 101. R
Since -13B1 is less likely to permeate the functional membrane 103, the concentration of R-13B1 in the outlet pipe 106 of the separator 101 becomes higher, and the outlet pipe 1
It passes through 06 and flows into the second separator 201. Since the solenoid valve 17 is closed, the refrigerant having a high concentration of R-13B1 is stored in the outlet pipe 206. Therefore, since the concentration of the high boiling point component R-22 of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 11 is high, the circulation amount is reduced, and since the refrigerant is not added by injection, the capacity of the condenser 12 is reduced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, by using two separators using the functional film, the separation circuit can be downsized, simplified, and high-concentration refrigerant can be stored, and as a result, the variable capacity range can be increased. Can be achieved.

In the second embodiment, the case where the two separators 101 and 201 using the functional film are connected is shown, but more separators 10 are provided.
By connecting 1 and 201 in the same manner, it is possible to further increase the variable capacity range.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant at the vapor side outlet of a gas-liquid separator, thereby reducing the size of the separation circuit and simplifying the separation circuit. It is possible to achieve higher performance and higher performance, and to increase the variable capacity range.

Further, by providing a plurality of refrigerant separation devices each having a functional film, it is possible to further improve the performance of the separation circuit and further increase the variable width of the capacity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a detailed sectional view of a separator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing Embodiment 1 when the separator is used, and FIG. 3 uses a plurality of the separator. Fig. 4 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing Embodiment 2 in the case, and Fig. 4 is a refrigeration cycle diagram in a conventional example. 11 ... Compressor, 12 ... Condenser, 13 ... First throttling device,
14 ... Gas-liquid separator, 15 ... Second expansion device, 16 ... Evaporator, 17 ... First solenoid valve, 18 ... Second solenoid valve, 20 ...
Injection circuit, 101 ... Refrigerant separation device, 103 ...
Functional membrane, 201 ... Refrigerant separation device.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shinji Watanabe 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-63-238367 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is used to annularly connect a compressor having an injection function, a condenser, a first expansion device, a liquid side outlet of a gas-liquid separator, a second expansion device, and an evaporator. Then, the evaporation side outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a refrigerant separation device having a functional film in which the permeation ratio of a specific refrigerant of a plurality of types of refrigerant is larger than the permeation ratio of another refrigerant, and the refrigerant separation device Is connected to the compressor as an injection circuit via a first electromagnetic valve, and the permeated refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant separation device is connected to the low pressure side between the second expansion device and the evaporator via the second electromagnetic valve. Refrigeration equipment connected to. 2. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of refrigerant separators each having a functional film in which a specific refrigerant of a plurality of kinds of refrigerant has a permeation rate higher than that of another refrigerant are connected.