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JP2803082B2 - Durable membrane material - Google Patents
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JP2803082B2 - Durable membrane material - Google Patents

Durable membrane material

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Publication number
JP2803082B2
JP2803082B2 JP62335022A JP33502287A JP2803082B2 JP 2803082 B2 JP2803082 B2 JP 2803082B2 JP 62335022 A JP62335022 A JP 62335022A JP 33502287 A JP33502287 A JP 33502287A JP 2803082 B2 JP2803082 B2 JP 2803082B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
warp
film material
weft
length
crimp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP62335022A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01174671A (en
Inventor
▲えい▼一 加藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Priority to JP62335022A priority Critical patent/JP2803082B2/en
Publication of JPH01174671A publication Critical patent/JPH01174671A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2803082B2 publication Critical patent/JP2803082B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は、機械的な外力に対する疲労が少ない耐久性
膜材に関する。 [従来技術] 近年、建築物、海洋構造物などに膜材が使われること
が多くなり、これにともなって膜材に強力、耐候性また
は柔軟性などの一般特性の他に、構造物の形態および品
質を長期間保持するために、弾性率が高く、かつくり返
し荷重に対する疲労が少ない耐久性の高い膜材が要求さ
れている。従来、これらの要求に応じるために、ガラス
繊維のフィラメントまたは、パラ系アラミド繊維のよう
に通常の合成繊維より切断伸度が小さく、弾性率の高い
繊維からなる織物に防水層を設けた膜材がある。 [発明が解決しようとする問題点] しかし、これらの従来の膜材は切断伸度が低く、弾性
率は高いが風又は波などによるくり返し荷重により、長
期間もまれたり、又は長期間くり返し屈曲を受けたりす
ると、基布の疲労により膜材の強力が大幅に劣化した
り、あるいは、たて方向、またはよこ方向のいづれかの
一方の強力劣化が少ない場合でも他方向の強力劣化が少
ない場合でも他方向の強力劣化が大きいなどの問題があ
り、膜材としての長期間の機械的疲労に対する耐久性が
ないと云う問題があった。 本発明の目的は、高強力、高弾性率でかつ機械的なく
り返し負荷による疲労性が少ない高耐久性の膜材を提供
することにある。 [問題点を解決するための手段] 本発明はかかる目的を達成するために次のような手段
を採用するものである。すなわち、本発明の耐久性膜材
は、引張切断伸度が10%以下であり、弾性率が5,000kg/
mm2以上のあるマルチフィラメントをたて糸及びよこ糸
として構成された基布と防水層から成り、該たて糸及び
よこ糸の、下式(1)で求められるクリンプ率がいずれ
も1.5%以上であり、かつ、JIS K−6328に基づいて測
定されるモミ試験後の強力保持率がたて及びよこ共に45
%以上であることを特徴とする耐久性膜材。 クリンブ率(%)=[(L0−L)/L]×100 (式中、Lは一定長の膜材の長さ、L0は一定長の膜材を
構成するたて糸及びよこ糸のの長さを示す) 本発明に係る膜材の特徴の一つは、外力負荷によって
膜材および膜材で作られた構造物が容易に変形しない様
に、引張切断伸度が低く、かつ弾性率が高いことであ
る。 かかる目的を達成するために、引張切断伸度が10%以
下であり、かつ弾性率が5,000kg/mm2以上のマルチフィ
ラメントを織り糸する基布を用いることが重要である。 かかる特性を有するマルチフィラメントとしては、パ
ラ系アラミド繊維、高強力、高弾性率ポリエチレン繊
維、高強力、高弾性率ポリビニルアルコール繊維および
ガラス繊維などが例としてあげられるが、上記特性を満
たすマルチフィラメントであれば素材に制約を受けな
い。 本発明に係る膜材の他の特徴は、下記式(1)で示さ
れるたて糸及びよこ糸のクリンプ率が1.5%以上である
点にある。 (式中Lは一定長の膜材の長さ、L0は一定長の膜材を構
成するたて糸及びよこ糸の長さを示す) すなわち、上記繊維は屈曲またはモミなどの負荷をく
り返し受けると、繊維のフィブリル化または繊維の折れ
などが生じ易くなる傾向があり、繊維の強力低下を来た
すので、膜材強力の上から好ましくない。 膜材に屈曲またはモミの負荷がかかった場合、基布に
発生する変形を基布を構成するマルチフィラメントが直
接受けずに、その負荷を基布の構造内の動きによって吸
収することが重要である。かかる基布構造とすることに
より、構成マルチフィラメントの負担を小さくする。 すなわち、上記(1)式で示された基布のたて糸及び
よこ糸のクリンプ率が1.5%以上、さらに好ましくは2.0
%以上であることが重要なのである。クリンプ率が1.5
%未満の場合には、膜材に屈曲またはモミなどの負荷が
長期間かかった場合には膜材の強力劣化が激しく構造物
用の膜材には適しなくなる。かかるクリンプ率は、一方
向のみがこの条件を満たしても、他方向の耐疲労性が悪
くては、膜材としては好ましい性質を出現しないもので
ある。 基布のクリンプ率を1.5%以上にするためには、基布
の織り組織の選定、織り密度、製織時のテンション、精
練時のテンション及び防水層加工時のテンションなどを
調整することにより可能である。特に織り密度および製
織時のテンションが織りクリンプ率の調整には重要であ
る。 また、本発明の膜材は、後述する実施例で明らかなよ
うに、JIS K−6328に基づいて測定されるモミ試験後
の強力保持率がたて及びよこ共に45%以上、好ましくは
48%以上、さらに好ましくは50%以上であるという、屈
曲に対する耐久性を有するという特徴を有する。すなわ
ち、本発明の膜財は、それを構成するマルチフィラメン
トとしては、モミや屈曲に対して弱い、たとえば炭素繊
維のような繊維は実用性に乏しく、本発明の膜材には使
用されない。 たとえば、織密度を上げると、たて糸、よこ糸のクリ
ンプ率はアップされるし、製織時のたて糸張力を上げる
と、よこ糸のクリンプ率がアップされる。また、製織時
のたて糸の筬密度を上げると、たて糸のクリンプ率をア
ップさせることができ、さらに織物加工において、幅と
長さ方向の両方を収縮させると、たて糸およびよこ糸の
クリンプ率をアップさせることができ、長さ方向を緊張
して加工すると、よこの糸のクリンプ率を、反対に幅方
向を緊張して加工すると、たて糸のクリンプ率を、それ
ぞれアップさせることができる。本発明は基布は、かか
るいずれかの方法により、たて糸及びよこ糸のクリンプ
率がいずれも1.5%以上であるように調整されたものを
使用するところに特徴を有するものである。この点は、
後述の比較例1、2を参照すれば一目瞭然である。 本発明で云う基布の織り組織は、クリンプ率が満足さ
れれば、どの様な組織でも良い。また該基布は複数の上
記マルチフィラメントを交燃、交織などにより混用した
ものでも良い。 本発明で云う防水層とは、基布と一体化された樹脂ま
たはゴムなどの可撓性を有する樹脂被覆層であり、基布
の両面、あるいは基布の片面のみのいづれに施されてい
ても良い。 かかる防水層の素材としては、塩化ビニル樹脂、アク
リル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂及びポリ四フ
ッ化エチレン樹脂などの合成樹脂及び天然ゴム、エチレ
ン−プロピレン共重合ゴム、ブチルゴム、クロロスルフ
ォン化ポリエチレン、シリコーンゴム、及びフッ素ゴム
などのゴム系素材及びこれらの素材が混合、又は積層さ
れた可撓性を有する樹脂被覆層が好ましい。 以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに説明する。 [実施例] 実施例1 引張切断伸度が3.4%で、弾性率7,400kg/mm2である、
単糸太さ5ミクロンで75番手のガラス繊維マルチフィラ
メントを2本を、ヨリ数3.3回/インチの条件で合撚し
た糸を織り糸として、平織り組織で製織した。 この時、平織り組織の織り密度としては、たて23本/
インチ、よこ18本/インチを採用し、製織時の張力とし
て、たて糸に0.5〜1.0kg/本の張力をかけて、よこ糸の
クリンプ率を調整しながら織物を作成し、製織後、ピン
テンターを用いて、たて方向に3〜10%のオーバーフィ
ードをかけて、たて糸のクリンプ率を調整して、たて、
よこ、両方のクリンプ率が調整された織物を作成した。 かかる各織物にウレタン系接着剤層を介して軟質ポリ
塩化ビニールフィルムをカレンダー加工により両面に被
覆加工した。 各加工織物をJIS K6328の5.3.8によるスコット型モ
ミ試験機により押圧荷重1kgで1000回モミ試験を行な
い、モミ試験を実施し、しかる後、JISA−1096 6.12.1
のストリップ法により引張強力を測定した。 これらの結果からモミ試験前に対する強力保持率を算
出した。 また、クリンプ率は、各被覆加工織物はテトラヒドロ
フランで表裏の軟質ポリ塩化ビニールフィルムを溶解除
去した後、裁断して試験片を作成して上記(1)式によ
り測定、算出した。その結果を次の表1に示す。 上記表1から、クリンプ率がたて方向およびよこ方向
ともに1.5%以上になると、モミ試験後の強力保持率が
高くなることが判る。 [発明の効果] 本発明の耐久性膜材は、基布を構成する織り糸の有す
る特性を保有し、高強力、高弾性率であると共に、屈曲
またはモミなどのくり返し負荷による耐疲労性が高く、
耐久性に優れているので、膜構造物建築物、エアーハウ
ス、液体タンク、畜産用サイロ、消波用構造物など大型
膜構造物の他、テント、簡易倉庫、船舶用シートなどと
して有効に適用することができる。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a durable film material that is less fatigued by a mechanical external force. [Prior art] In recent years, membrane materials are often used for buildings, marine structures, and the like, and accordingly, in addition to general characteristics such as strength, weather resistance, and flexibility, the shape of structures In addition, in order to maintain the quality for a long period of time, a highly durable film material having a high elastic modulus and low fatigue under repeated load is required. Conventionally, in order to meet these demands, a membrane material in which a waterproof layer is provided on a woven fabric made of a fiber having a lower elongation at break and a higher elastic modulus than ordinary synthetic fibers such as glass fiber filaments or para-aramid fibers, is used. There is. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, these conventional membrane materials have a low cutting elongation and a high elastic modulus, but are repeatedly or repeatedly bent for a long time due to a repeated load caused by wind or waves. The strength of the membrane material is greatly degraded due to the fatigue of the base fabric, or even if the strength deterioration in either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction is small or the strength deterioration in the other direction is small. There is a problem such as large strength deterioration in other directions, and there is a problem that the film material does not have durability against long-term mechanical fatigue. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a highly durable film material having high strength, high elastic modulus, and little fatigue due to repeated mechanical loading. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention employs the following means to achieve the above object. That is, the durable film material of the present invention has a tensile cut elongation of 10% or less and an elastic modulus of 5,000 kg /
a multi-filament having a length of at least 2 mm and a waterproof layer formed as a warp and a weft; and a crimp ratio of the warp and the weft determined by the following formula (1) is 1.5% or more, and The strength retention rate after fir test measured based on JIS K-6328 is 45
% Or more. Crimp rate (%) = [(L 0 −L) / L] × 100 (where L is the length of a fixed length film material, and L 0 is the length of the warp and weft constituting the fixed length film material) One of the features of the membrane material according to the present invention is that the tensile material has a low tensile elongation at break and a low elastic modulus so that the membrane material and a structure made of the membrane material are not easily deformed by an external force. It is expensive. In order to achieve such an object, it is important to use a base fabric woven from multifilaments having a tensile cut elongation of 10% or less and an elastic modulus of 5,000 kg / mm 2 or more. Examples of the multifilament having such properties include para-aramid fibers, high-strength, high-modulus polyethylene fibers, high-strength, high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and glass fibers. If there is, there is no restriction on the material. Another feature of the film material according to the present invention resides in that the crimp ratio of the warp yarn and the weft yarn represented by the following formula (1) is 1.5% or more. (Where L represents the length of a fixed length film material, and L 0 represents the length of the warp and weft constituting the fixed length film material) That is, when the fiber is repeatedly subjected to a load such as bending or fir, There is a tendency that fibrillation of the fiber or breakage of the fiber tends to occur, and the strength of the fiber is reduced. When a bending or fir load is applied to the membrane material, it is important that the deformation occurring in the base fabric is not directly received by the multifilaments constituting the base fabric, but that the load is absorbed by movement in the structure of the base fabric. is there. With such a base fabric structure, the burden of the constituent multifilament is reduced. That is, the warp and weft of the base fabric represented by the above formula (1) have a crimp ratio of 1.5% or more, more preferably 2.0% or more.
It is important that it is at least%. Crimp rate of 1.5
If the amount is less than 10%, if the film material is subjected to a load such as bending or fir for a long period of time, the film material will be strongly deteriorated and will not be suitable for a film material for a structure. Such a crimp rate is such that even if only one direction satisfies the condition, if the fatigue resistance in the other direction is poor, a desirable property as a film material does not appear. It is possible to increase the crimp ratio of the base fabric to 1.5% or more by selecting the weave structure of the base fabric, adjusting the weaving density, the tension during weaving, the tension during scouring, and the tension during processing the waterproof layer. is there. In particular, the weaving density and the tension during weaving are important for adjusting the weaving crimp rate. Further, the film material of the present invention has a strength retention rate after fir test measured based on JIS K-6328 of 45% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, preferably, as is apparent from the examples described later.
It has a characteristic of having a durability to bending of at least 48%, more preferably at least 50%. That is, as the multifilament constituting the membrane material of the present invention, fibers, such as carbon fibers, which are weak to fir and bend, have poor practicality and are not used for the membrane material of the present invention. For example, increasing the weaving density increases the crimp rate of the warp and the weft, and increasing the warp tension during weaving increases the crimp rate of the weft. In addition, increasing the reed density of the warp during weaving can increase the crimp rate of the warp, and furthermore, in fabric processing, when both the width and length directions are contracted, the crimp rate of the warp and the weft is increased. When crimping is performed in the length direction, the crimp rate of the warp yarn can be increased. When crimping is performed in the width direction, the crimp rate of the warp yarn can be increased. The present invention is characterized in that the base fabric is prepared by any one of the above methods so that the crimp ratios of the warp and the weft are both 1.5% or more. This point
It is clear at a glance with reference to Comparative Examples 1 and 2 described below. The woven structure of the base fabric referred to in the present invention may be any structure as long as the crimp rate is satisfied. Further, the base cloth may be a mixture of a plurality of the above-mentioned multifilaments by burning, weaving or the like. The waterproof layer referred to in the present invention is a resin coating layer having flexibility such as resin or rubber integrated with the base cloth, and is applied to both sides of the base cloth or only one side of the base cloth. Is also good. Examples of the material of the waterproof layer include synthetic resins such as vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, silicone resin and polytetrafluoroethylene resin and natural rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and silicone. A rubber-based material such as rubber and fluorine rubber, and a flexible resin coating layer in which these materials are mixed or laminated are preferable. Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples. [Example] Example 1 The tensile elongation at break is 3.4% and the elastic modulus is 7,400 kg / mm 2 .
Two 75-count glass fiber multifilaments having a single yarn thickness of 5 microns were woven in a plain weave structure using a plied yarn as a woven yarn under the condition of a twist of 3.3 times / inch. At this time, the weaving density of the plain weave was 23
Inch, weft 18 / inch, weaving the warp yarn as tension during weaving by 0.5-1.0kg / strand, adjusting the weft crimp rate to create a woven fabric, weaving and using a pin tenter Applying 3-10% overfeed in the warp direction to adjust the warp crimp rate,
Sideways, a fabric was prepared in which both crimp rates were adjusted. A soft polyvinyl chloride film was coated on both sides of each woven fabric by calendering via a urethane-based adhesive layer. Each processed woven fabric is subjected to a fir test 1000 times with a pressing load of 1 kg by a Scott-type fir tester according to 5.3.8 of JIS K6328, and a fir test is performed, and thereafter, JISA-1096 6.12.1
Tensile strength was measured by the strip method described above. From these results, the strong retention rate before the fir test was calculated. In addition, the crimp ratio was determined by dissolving and removing the soft PVC film on the front and back of each coated fabric with tetrahydrofuran, cutting the test piece, and measuring and calculating the test piece according to the above formula (1). The results are shown in Table 1 below. From Table 1 above, it can be seen that when the crimp rate is 1.5% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, the strength retention after the fir test increases. [Effect of the Invention] The durable membrane material of the present invention has the properties of the woven yarn constituting the base fabric, has high strength and high elastic modulus, and has high fatigue resistance due to repeated loads such as bending or fir. ,
Because of its excellent durability, it can be effectively applied to large membrane structures such as membrane structures, air houses, liquid tanks, silos for livestock, and structures for breaking waves, as well as tents, simple warehouses, and seats for ships. can do.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 1.引張切断伸度が10%以下であり、弾性率が5,000kg/
mm2以上のあるマルチフィラメントをたて糸及びよこ糸
として構成された基布と防水層から成り、該たて糸及び
よこ糸の、下式(1)で求められるクリンプ率がいずれ
も1.5%以上であり、かつ、JIS K−6328に基づいて測定
されるモミ試験後の強力保持率がたて及びよこ共に45%
以上であることを特徴とする耐久性膜材。 クリンブ率(%)=[(L0−L)/L]×100 (式中、Lは一定長の膜材の長さ、L0は一定長の膜材を
構成するたて糸及びよこ糸のの長さを示す)
(57) [Claims] Tensile cut elongation is 10% or less and elastic modulus is 5,000kg /
a multi-filament having a length of at least 2 mm and a waterproof layer formed as a warp and a weft; and a crimp ratio of the warp and the weft determined by the following formula (1) is 1.5% or more, and Strong retention rate after fir test, measured based on JIS K-6328, 45% for both vertical and horizontal
A durable film material characterized by the above. Crimp rate (%) = [(L 0 −L) / L] × 100 (where L is the length of a fixed length film material, and L 0 is the length of the warp and weft constituting the fixed length film material) Indicates)
JP62335022A 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Durable membrane material Expired - Fee Related JP2803082B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62335022A JP2803082B2 (en) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Durable membrane material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62335022A JP2803082B2 (en) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Durable membrane material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01174671A JPH01174671A (en) 1989-07-11
JP2803082B2 true JP2803082B2 (en) 1998-09-24

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ID=18283866

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JP62335022A Expired - Fee Related JP2803082B2 (en) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Durable membrane material

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Country Link
JP (1) JP2803082B2 (en)

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JP5559450B2 (en) * 2006-10-12 2014-07-23 横浜ゴム株式会社 Conveyor belt
JP5018005B2 (en) * 2006-10-12 2012-09-05 横浜ゴム株式会社 Conveyor belt for shot blasting equipment
JP2008253896A (en) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-23 Roki Co Ltd Fluid filter
JP5061974B2 (en) * 2008-03-11 2012-10-31 横浜ゴム株式会社 Conveyor belt

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58118235A (en) * 1982-09-16 1983-07-14 平岡織染株式会社 Laminated processed cloth
JPS60162869A (en) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-24 東洋紡績株式会社 High tensile water-proof cloth

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JPH01174671A (en) 1989-07-11

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