JP2807486B2 - Temperature controllable pot - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pot, and more particularly to a pot whose temperature can be controlled, particularly a fryer pot (tempura pot).

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, pots are made of a metal such as iron, copper, aluminum, or alloys thereof, or those obtained by treating the surfaces of these metals and alloys with a specific material.These pots are heated by gas or red-hot nichrome wire heaters, It is heated using a red heat sheath heater, red heat silicon knit heater, or the like, and the pan and the heating means are often separate, and the temperature adjustment is mostly manual.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

As described above, in the case of conventional home pots, the pot and the heating means are often separate, and the heating means is directly heated by a gas or red-hot heater, and the temperature control is almost always manual, especially In the case of a deep-fried pot, that is, a tempura pan, the temperature of the oil rises and catches fire while the tempura is being used or while away from the place due to lack of care,
May cause fire. Tempura oil begins to smoke at 250 ° C and ignites at 300 ° C. Some are equipped with a temperature sensor to control the temperature, but they are extremely expensive and
The performance is just another thing, and if there is an inexpensive pot that can be used at ordinary homes that can control the temperature, there is no danger as described above, and overheating does not occur because good-quality dishes can be obtained, so always at a specific temperature It is where the advent of a regulated and safe cooking pot is desired.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present inventor has previously described a conductive heat-generating paint (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-26) characterized by containing a carbon resin mainly composed of spherical particles having a particle diameter of 500 μm or less and a synthetic resin as main components.
No. 3954, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-89270), and a conductive heating element capable of self-controlling the temperature, comprising a conductive film formed by applying the paint on a solid surface of a desired shape provided with electrode terminals. (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-263955 and JP-A-1-107488), but as a result of further research on the application of this conductive heating element, it was found that a conductive heating element was provided on the outer bottom of the pot-shaped substrate. The present invention has been found that a pan adjustable to a specific temperature can be obtained by the method described above.

That is, the present invention provides an insulating layer on the outer bottom or the bottom side of the pot-shaped substrate, and has electrode terminals on the insulating layer, and mainly contains particles composed of spherical particles having a particle diameter of 0.5 μm or more and 500 μm or less. A heating element capable of self-controlling the temperature, in which a conductive film containing a powder and a synthetic resin is formed, the heating element is covered with an insulating layer, and a heat insulating layer covering the entire heating element and the insulating layer is provided. A pot capable of self-controlling the temperature.

The pot-shaped substrate of the present invention may be any of square, polygonal, and round shapes, and its material is usually used iron,
Copper, aluminum, stainless steel, or alloys thereof. In addition, steel (0.3-0.8mm) plate is made of stainless steel (0.1-0.03m
m) Strong pots inserted between the plates are also used. Also, ceramics or foamed ceramics can be used. When the pot-shaped substrate is a metal substrate, an electric insulating layer is provided on the outside thereof, particularly on a portion where a heat-generating film is formed. This insulating layer is made of a heat-resistant resin, for example, a polyimide resin, a polyamide resin, an epoxy resin, a polyfluorocarbon resin, or the like, and a heat-resistant filler, for example, Al.
A resin composition in which powders such as ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ .SiO ₂ , MgO, CrO ₃ , SiO ₂ , titanocarbosilane and the like are mixed is used. The mixing ratio of the heat-resistant filler and the heat-resistant resin can be arbitrarily selected,
The ratio is 1: 0.2, preferably 1: 0.7 to 1.8. Heat-resistant fillers conduct heat more easily than resins, but when the resin content is 0.2 or less, the strength is reduced and it is difficult to apply. The thickness of the insulating layer is about 0.1 to 1 mm.

Also, as an electrical insulating layer, a metal plate is sprayed with Ni, Cr, Co, etc. to form an intermediate layer, and then an oxidizing system such as Al ₂ O
₃ (white alumina), ZrO ₂ , MgO, CaO, SiO ₂ , Si ₃ O ₂ , Y ₂ O ₃
Or a mixture of these ceramics as a main component, coated by plasma spraying and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or explosive spraying, or carbonized as a nitride system such as AlN, Si ₃ N ₄ , BN The purpose can also be achieved by spraying SiC, ZrxCy, or the like as a system.

The thickness of Ni, Cr as the intermediate layer is about 20 to 50 μm,
The main spray materials are Al ₂ O ₃ + Y ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ + MgO + CaO, SiO ₂
(Or Si ₂ O ₃ ) + MgO + Y ₂ O ₃ + B, and their thickness is
100 to 300 μm. These thermal spray materials are selected so as to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate metal, and an enamel or the like can be used.

Thereby, a material having good insulation properties and good heat conductivity can be obtained, and a heating element having high temperature durability can be obtained. The heat resistant temperature of ceramics and polyimide + Al ₂ O ₃ which are heat resistant insulators is 500 ℃ and 250 ℃, thermal conductivity is 1.0 ~ 1.2 and 0.2 (c
al / cm · deg sec), and temperature unevenness ± 2 ° C and ± 5
° C.

A self-controllable conductive heating element provided at the bottom or bottom side of the pot-shaped substrate having an insulating layer is provided with electrode terminals at a desired interval on the bottom insulating layer of the pot substrate, and has a particle diameter of 0.5 μm or more and 500 μm or less. It can be obtained by providing a conductive coating containing a carbon powder mainly containing spherical particles and a synthetic resin. The electrode terminals are made of copper, aluminum, copper, gold, silver, platinum, nickel or tin-plated wire, wire, plate, net or the like, and are installed on both sides. The heating element is also formed by applying or impregnating the same conductive paint or paste as described above on the surface or the substrate of a desired shape provided with the electrode terminals, and this can be provided on the insulating layer. . As this substrate, plastic, ceramics, water quality, fiber, paper, metal material coated with electric insulation, and the like are used.

Spherical carbon particles, for example, coal tar, coal tar pitch, bituminous substances such as petroleum heavy oil by a method of Taylor, etc. for a long time at a temperature of 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃, polycondensation reaction of low molecular compounds Repeated, polymerized, mesocarbon microbeads (optically anisotropic spheres separated from the carbonaceous material generated) or coke that is almost spherical in the form of carbonized synthetic resin can be used in the thousands to hundreds of thousands of degrees. Manufactured by graphitization by heat treatment reduction of Baidu.

The synthetic resin used is, for example, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, silicone resin, polytitanocarbosilane resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyparabanic acid resin, polyester resin, polyetheretherketone resin, polyphenylene sulfide. Resins, polyfluorocarbon resins, polyolefin resins, and the like, and a resin having a softening temperature or a decomposition temperature can be selected according to a desired target temperature of a coating film.

The amount ratio of the carbon particles and the synthetic resin binder of the present invention depends on the desired heating temperature, the size of the heating surface, etc.
And various types are selected depending on the type and combination of synthetic resins. In the case of a heating element for a pot, generally 10 to 190 parts, preferably 20 to 90 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of carbon powder (hereinafter abbreviated as "part"). 6
0 parts.

When the ratio of the synthetic resin is 10 parts or less, a material having a small resistance value can be obtained, and a high-temperature heating element (which can be applied to a material having a wide heating surface) can be obtained. And the temperature unevenness easily occurs. On the other hand, if the amount of the synthetic resin is 190 parts or more, a current necessary for heat generation cannot be obtained (the resistance value becomes excessive), and the synthetic resin is not suitable for a practical temperature. That is, the electrical resistance value is 0.5Ω / □ (Ω
/ □ represents the electric resistance value with respect to the square area) or less, resulting in an overcurrent, resulting in a non-uniform high temperature, and an excess of 200Ω / □ results in an undercurrent, insufficient heat generation, low power, and low power. It is difficult to obtain a temperature.

Further, a curing agent can be added in order to easily dry or harden the paint or paste in a short time.

These curing agents can be respectively selected depending on the resin,
Conventional curing agents such as aliphatic or aromatic polyamines, polyisocyanates, polyamides, amines, thioureas, and acid anhydrides are used.

In addition, a stabilizer, a plasticizer, an antioxidant and the like are appropriately used.

In the case of a wide heat generating surface, the one having an electric resistance of 1 Ω / □ at a normal temperature having a small electric resistance is used, and in the case of a small area, an electric resistance of 150 Ω / □ at a normal temperature having a high electric resistance is used. . In the present invention, the surface temperature of the heating element is set to an arbitrary temperature up to about 450 ° C. (at an ambient temperature of −30 ° C. to + 40 ° C.) by a combination of graphite size, heat treatment temperature, coating composition, coating thickness, and applied voltage. It can be obtained stably for a long time.

In the case of the pot of the present invention, the temperature of the heating element can be stably maintained at a desired specific temperature between 120 ° C and 450 ° C for a long time. For example, in the case of a fry pan, around 180 ° C,
In the case of cake baking, it is possible to cook at 230 ° C and fish, but in that case, it can be manufactured at 400 ° C or the like.

The paint containing the carbon particles and the synthetic resin as main components can be coated in various coating methods, for example, a paint such as brush coating, roller coating, spray coating, electrostatic coating, electrodeposition coating or powder coating, or dipping. Other additives or auxiliaries can be added depending on the application.

These additives and auxiliaries can be, for example, diluting solvents, antisettling or dispersing agents, antioxidants, other pigments and other necessary additives.

When the carbon particles and the synthetic resin (epoxy resin, PVC resin, etc.) are in a paste form, they can be extruded or roll-formed.

The thickness of the conductive film is not limited, but usually 0.3 mm to 7 mm is appropriate.

The heating element of the present invention is temperature-controllable, indicating that the electrical resistance increases at a specific temperature and the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistance sharply increases (FIG. 2).

This heating element is usually provided with an insulating partition on the heat-generating coating, and by changing the resistance value, the power (watt) is increased.
And the temperature of the oil can be further adjusted.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the exothermic coating film is partitioned by the insulating partition 8, and the electrode terminals A, B, C, X and Y are provided, respectively.
The power (watt) can be adjusted by utilizing the change in the resistance value between XA, XB, and XC. Also, by changing the thickness of the coating film between XY, AY, AB, and BC, or changing the content of the conductive particles, the power can be arbitrarily set to strong, medium, or weak. can do. This makes it possible to set the heating rate appropriately and further prevent overheating of the pot, and at the same time save power.

The heating element is entirely covered with an insulating layer. The insulating layer has the same composition as that applied to the pot-shaped substrate, and may have the same thickness.

The heating element covered by the insulating layer is further completely covered by the heat insulating layer. The heat insulating layer is made of a heat-resistant foamed resin having a heat-resistant temperature of 100 ° C. or more, low-density ceramic wool, ceramic foam, ceramic mat, or cloth, and has a thickness of 10 to 100 mm.

 Various sizes of pots can be obtained.

 The operating voltage of the heating element can be arbitrarily designed at 220V or less.

[Action]

Since the pot of the present invention does not require any other means and operation and uses a heating element capable of self-controlling the temperature which can be constantly maintained at a specific temperature, the temperature control at the time of cooking is easy and the cooking is easy. And the danger of fire and the like is extremely small.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1 FIG. 1 shows a pot according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a pot substrate, which is made of aluminum (or pot, iron, stainless steel, or the like), and has an insulating layer 2 provided on the bottom of the substrate. The insulating layer 2 is obtained from a resin composition in which Al ₂ O ₃ is mixed with a heat-resistant resin, for example, a polyimide resin at a ratio of 2: 1 by weight, preferably 1: 1. When the amount of the resin is large, the fluidity is good and the coating operation is easy, but the thermal conductivity is reduced. Its thickness is 0.1-1 mm. A heating element 3 is provided below the insulating layer.
(20cm x 20cm) is installed. The heating element 3 is provided with an electrode terminal 4 on the above-mentioned insulating layer, and a 3 mm-thick coating of a heat-generating coating made of a mixture of 0.3 parts by weight of a polyimide resin per 1 part by weight of spherical graphite having a diameter of 10 to 20 μm. And heat-treated at about 200 ° C. The electrode terminals are Ni-plated copper wire nets of 0.2 to 1 mmφ, which are provided at both ends of the heat-generating coating film. This heating element showed the temperature-resistance curve shown in FIG. 2, and showed the characteristic that the electrical resistance increased rapidly at 200 ° C. The time-temperature curve of the oil in the fryer provided with this heating element is as shown in FIG. 3 and shows a constant temperature after a specific time.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the heating element (20 cm × 20 cm) is provided with an insulating partition 8, for example, when 8 Ω + 8 Ω = 16 Ω between X-A and 16 Ω + 8 Ω = 24 Ω between X-B, 24 Ω + 8 Ω = 32 Ω between X-C When a voltage of 100 V is applied to each of them, X-A = 625 W X-B = 416 W X-C = 312 W (A, B, C, X and Y are lead wires), and three-stage switching is possible. As shown in FIG. 5, the first 17 minutes are energized by XA and then switched to XC, which saves power and is practical.
Also, when a substance that absorbs heat is thrown into the oil, the temperature drops, so that the temperature can be adjusted by switching to XA or XB according to the degree of the drop.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, since XA, XB, and XC have different resistance values, the time required to reach the maximum temperature is different, and the difference can be used.

The heating element 3 is covered with an insulating layer 5 around the heating element 3, and the insulating layer is made of the same composition as the insulating layer 2 or a polyamide resin.
It is made of SiO ₂ and has a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.

Next, a heat insulating layer 6 is provided which completely covers the heating element 3 covered with insulation. This is a fiber such as Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , wool, glass fiber, foamed ceramic plate, foamed glass plate, etc., and the thickness thereof is 30 to 100 mm, preferably 10 to 100 mm.
~ 50mm. Handle 7 for easy carrying of the pot
Is provided.

In the case of a household pot 1.0-1.5, for example, the specific heat of tempura oil is about 0.5 kcal / kg ° C, so to raise it to 170 ° C, in the case of 1, it is 170 ° C × 0.5 × 1 ≒ 85 kcal, 100V, 600W ( 6
A) is about 10 minutes.

As shown in Fig. 5, when deep-fried the tempura, first turn on electricity at XA, then switch to XC, or when putting new things in oil, the temperature will drop. −
B.

 With this pot, delicious tempura such as shrimp was obtained.

The heat loss of the gas stove is around 60%, and that of the Nichrome electric stove is 25 to 50%, but the heat loss of the heating element of the present invention is as small as around 10%.

As an insulating layer of Example 2 Nabesotogawa bottom, a thin intermediate alloy layer of Ni-Cr-based is sprayed fixed, thermally spraying ceramic Al ₂ O ₃ based thereon, the electric heating coating material at 70 to 300 ° C. Except for the heat treatment, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to produce a heating element (150 ° C and 2 ° C).
50 ° C.). These are heated for a long time,
We also experimented with switching on and off every 30 minutes,
There were no cracks or peeling accidents, and stable temperature curves were obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

The present invention provides a heating element capable of self-controlling the temperature at the outer bottom of the pan substrate, so that the temperature of the pan can be always kept constant, overheating can be easily prevented at the time of cooking, and delicious food can be obtained. You can cook safely. And the pot of the present invention is inexpensive and highly reliable. Compared with conventional gas stoves and electric stoves, the pot is safer, consumes less energy, and is cheaper and more practical. It can be said.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a pot of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a temperature-resistance curve diagram of a heating element of the pot of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a time-temperature curve diagram of oil of a fryer of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which an insulating partition of a heating film is formed, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing that the temperature of oil in a pot of the present invention is adjusted by the insulating partition. Reference numeral 3 denotes a heating element, 4 denotes an electrode terminal, 5 denotes an insulating layer, 6 denotes a heat insulating layer, 7 denotes a pot handle, and 8 denotes an insulating partition.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-220814 (JP, A) JP-A-51-39742 (JP, A) JP-A-55-55554 (JP, A) JP-A-58-58 60563 (JP, A) JP-A-62-154505 (JP, A) JP-A-59-143204 (JP, A) JP-A-58-161208 (JP, A) JP-A-1-108276 (JP, A) JP-A-58-161206 (JP, A) JP-A-1-107488 (JP, A) JP-A-59-22633 (JP, U) JP-A-55-51858 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A47J 27/00-27/64 A47J 36/02-36/04 A47J 37/12 A47J 36/00-36/42 A47J 37/00-37/12 A47J 3 C08L 79 / 08 C08K 3/22 H01B 3/10-3/12

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] An insulating layer is provided on an outer bottom or a bottom side of a pot-shaped substrate, and an electrode terminal is mounted on the insulating layer.
Provide a heating element capable of self-controllable temperature formed a conductive coating containing carbon powder and synthetic resin mainly containing spherical particles of 5μm or more and 500μm or less, covering the heating element with an insulating layer, A self-controllable temperature pot comprising a heating element and a heat insulating layer covering the entire insulating layer. 2. The pot according to claim 1, wherein the pot-shaped substrate is made of a metal material. 3. The pot according to claim 1, wherein the pot-shaped substrate is a ceramic, and the ceramic is also an insulating layer. 4. The pot according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of a composition containing a polyimide resin and Al ₂ O ₃ . 5. The pot according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is formed by spraying Ni, Cr, Co or an alloy thereof to form an intermediate layer, and then spraying ceramics thereon. 6. The pan according to claim 1, wherein the pan is a fry pan.