JP2815943B2 - Solubilizer for non-absorbable phosphoric acid in soil - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solubilizing agent for non-absorbable phosphoric acid in soil, and an object of the present invention is to dissolve non-absorbable phosphoric acid fixed and deposited in soil. An object of the present invention is to provide a solubilizing agent for non-absorptive phosphoric acid in soil, which can be easily solubilized in absorbing phosphoric acid, has no residual toxicity and is excellent in safety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Phosphoric acid promotes flowering and fruiting by enriching the elements required for cultivated crops, namely, root growth, branching and leaf number increase.

Such phosphate fertilizers containing phosphoric acid include organic and inorganic phosphate fertilizers, and the solubility of phosphoric acid contained in the phosphate fertilizer is a problem in the phosphate fertilizer.

That is, there are three types of phosphoric acid in the phosphate fertilizer: water-soluble, soluble (dissolved in an ammonium citrate alkaline solution), and citric acid-soluble (dissolved in 2% citric acid).

The water-soluble phosphoric acid in phosphoric acid in these phosphate fertilizers becomes a salt combined with activated alumina and iron, magnesium, etc. existing in the soil when it comes into contact with the soil, and is a non-absorbable phosphoric acid which cannot be absorbed and used by crops. It becomes iron acid salt, aluminum phosphate salt, magnesium phosphate salt and the like, and is accumulated and fixed in the soil.

In particular, the accumulation and immobilization of the non-absorptive phosphoric acid are more likely to proceed in a strongly alkaline soil.

In fact, non-absorptive phosphoric acid in soil is often found in volcanic ash soil and the like.

For example, in the case of soil diagnosis in a large-scale institutional agricultural complex in Aichi Prefecture, an average of 110 mg to 380 mg of phosphoric acid in 100 g of soil was confirmed.

Usually, the amount of phosphoric acid required for growing crops is
Considering that it is 30 mg, the amount is actually about 4 to 10 times, and such a phosphate enrichment phenomenon is seen nationwide.

However, the excess phosphoric acid in such phosphate-enriched soil is largely non-smoking, and is not used as fertilizer for crops.

This is a great loss in the current situation in Japan, where all raw material resources for phosphate fertilizers are sought overseas.

Thus, phosphoric acid is immobilized in the soil and becomes non-smoking even if it is present in a large amount in the soil, and even if the content in the soil is excessive, it shows damage to crops Therefore, it is considered better to increase the amount of phosphoric acid in the soil.
It can be more than 500 mg per 0 g, in such a case, deficiency of other trace elements contained in the soil has occurred, and the balance of nutrients has been disrupted to the crop, causing indirect obstacles.

(Prior art and its disadvantages) Conventionally, as a method for preventing such absorptivity of phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid fertilizer is used by wrapping it in compost so that phosphoric acid can be activated iron and activated alumina in soil as much as possible. To avoid contact with alkali metals.

However, this method is technically difficult to completely wrap the phosphoric acid, and it is not desirable because it requires economically man-hours and labor, and it is not a satisfactory method after all. Other methods of solubilization have been desired.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In view of such circumstances, the present inventor solubilizes the non-absorbable phosphoric acid accumulated in the soil to make it absorbable, and furthermore, in the soil, in order to make effective use thereof. As a result of intensive research to provide a method to prevent crop damage due to excess phosphoric acid,
A solubilizing agent to be applied to soil on which immobilized unabsorbed phosphoric acid has been deposited, wherein the solubilizing agent has a PH value of 3.80 to 2.60.
Characterized in that the specific gravity is 1.019 to 1.010, the organic acid content is 2.50 to 5.50% by weight, and the dissolved tar is 0.15% by weight or less. It has been found that the above problems can be solved by providing an agent, and the present invention has been completed.

(Configuration of the Invention) One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail.

As the wood sac liquid, which is an essential component of the present invention, a specific wood sac liquid of a so-called wood sac liquid containing many organic acids recovered by liquefying smoke produced during coal making is used.

In other words, the purified wood sac liquor from which tar has been removed in the sac liquor contains a large amount of organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid, and contains a large number of trace substances of organic acids having a favorable effect on crops. Therefore, it is preferable in the present invention.

The wood sac liquid used in the present invention may be any of coniferous wood, hardwood, or any of those collected from an ogalite charcoal production process of coagulating wood powder of ogallite carbon to produce charcoal, and White charcoal, black charcoal, etc.
Irrespective of the steps having different carbonization temperatures, those obtained in all carbonization production steps may be used.

In the present invention, in particular, the PH value is 3.80 to 2.60, and the specific gravity is
A specific sap solution having an organic acid content of 1.019 to 1.010 and an organic acid content of 2.50 to 5.50% by weight or less is desirably used.

When carbonizing wood and plants,
It can be obtained by purifying the crude wood sac obtained when collecting and cooling the smoke produced during the pyrolysis as necessary.

The crude wood sac solution is usually obtained in an amount of 25 to 45% based on 100 parts by weight of the wood used as a raw material.

Its properties vary depending on the type of wood used as the raw material, but it is a dark brown liquid with a characteristic pungent odor, and 80 to 90% is water.

Others include tar (a polyvalent aromatic component such as 3,4-benzpyrene), suspended matter, dust, and organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, parolelactone, caproic acid, lactone, and methyl alcohol. Alcohols of allyl alcoholic acid, esters such as methyl acetate and methyl formate, aldehydes such as formaldehyde and furfural, and ketones such as acetone, diethyl ketone and methyl ethyl ketone.

In order to obtain the specific wood sac liquid used in the present invention, first, such a crude wood sac liquid is obtained, and then oily floating components, dust, and the like are removed in advance by a pretreatment.

The purification method is not particularly limited, but may be a conventional method or a purification method separately invented by the present inventors.

As a conventional purification method, (1) a precipitation method, (2) a filtration method, and (3) a fractionation method are generally used.

To explain the contents, the sedimentation method is that a crude wood sac solution is simply left in a clarification tank for 48 hours or more. In this method, the suspended layer is first removed by a necessary means such as decantation, and only the water-soluble component is taken out and used as a purified wood sachet.

The filtration method is a method in which a crude wood sacrificial solution is filtered through a filter material such as a glass filter to remove oily tar components, suspended solids, dust, etc., to obtain a purified wood sacrificial solution.

The fractionation method is a method of first filtering irregular-shaped components such as tar, suspended solids, and garbage, and then heating the mixture to obtain a fraction up to 103 ° C, and using this fraction as a specific wood sachet. .

Incidentally, in these purification methods, the tar component is usually contained in the residual liquid at 103 ° C or higher, mainly for the purpose of removing tar components, suspended solids, and dust, and the polyphenol is contained in the residual liquid at 103 ° C or higher. Contains harmful substances such as components.

The method of purifying crude wood sac liquid which the present inventors separately invented is to freeze the crude wood sap at -1 ° C or less, and after complete freezing, at room temperature of 1 ° C or more and 60 to 70% by weight or less of the crude wood sac liquor. This is a method for purifying a crude wood sac liquid, which comprises thawing and obtaining a thawing liquid from which tar has been separated.

 This ice melt is the specific tree sap.

Specific tree sap liquid obtained by such a method is PH
It has a value of 3.80 to 2.60, a specific gravity of 1.019 to 1.010, an organic acid content of 2.50 to 5.50% by weight, and a dissolved tar of 0.15% by weight or less. Liquid.

In the use of the immobilized phosphate solubilizer of the present invention,
A solution solubilized with water so that the PH of the solubilizing agent becomes 3.0 to 5.0 is used.

The amount used depends on the state of the content of phosphoric acid in the soil to be sprayed, but it is generally desirable to spray it at a rate of 1 per m ^{2 of} soil.

Further, as for the time of spraying, it is preferable that the crop is sprayed on the soil before planting the crop, and that the crop is planted after standing for a day and night.

The solubilizing agent for immobilized phosphoric acid according to the present invention is usually sprayed as an aqueous solution, but is generally used as a soil improver, a surfactant,
It can also be used by mixing with or containing inorganic and organic fertilizers and pesticides.

(Effect of the Invention) The fixed phosphate solubilizing agent in soil according to the present invention is obtained by blending a specific wood sac solution containing an organic acid and a chelating agent as essential components, thereby immobilizing immobilized non-absorbable soil in the soil. Phosphoric acid is made into absorbable phosphoric acid, and the phosphoric acid accumulated in the soil in large amounts can be effectively used as fertilizer, and further, chelates other trace elements such as manganese and magnesium contained in the soil. It also activates and prevents the loss of micronutrients in crops.

More specifically, it is not clear why wood sac sap, which is an essential component of the present invention, converts unabsorbable phosphoric acid to adsorbable phosphoric acid, but the organic acids in the wood sac sap of the present invention acidify soil. Or, it neutralizes and ionizes the unabsorbed phosphoric acid, and then the chelating compound agent in the wood sachet removes Fe, Al ions, etc. in a chelate manner, and these become iron chelates and alumina chelates by organic acids, and phosphorus The present inventors presume that the acid is solubilized so as to be easily absorbed by plants.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be further clarified by describing Examples, Comparative Examples, Test Examples, and Experimental Examples of the present invention.

(Example) Example When raw red oak was manufactured into charcoal with a hardness of 5 mm, a crude wood sac liquid was obtained from a flue gas outlet of a charcoal turtle.

 The yield was 43.1%.

After first filtering the suspended solids of the crude wood sac, the crude wood sac 10 was frozen in a refrigerator at -20 ° C for 30 minutes.

The frozen sap solution was thawed at room temperature of 20 ° C., and the thaw solution having a temperature of up to 3 ° C. was separated, and tar remained frozen.

 This distillate was used as a wood sachet.

The analytical value of this purified wood sac solution was PH2.9, specific gravity 1.013, organic acid content (as CH ₃ COOH) 3.7% by weight, phenol content
0.09% by weight.

Test Example 1 (Test for solubility of phosphoric acid in soil with commercially available acetic acid) PH4.1 was added to 100 g of soil at a glass facility of a farmhouse in Fuji City, Shizuoka Prefecture.
100 ml of an aqueous acetic acid solution adjusted to above was added, and the mixture was stirred and left standing for 3 hours. After filtration through a filter paper, the total amount of phosphoric acid in the filtrate was analyzed according to the analysis method of the Fertilizer Control Law of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, and the total amount of adsorbable phosphoric acid was 7.6 mg / 100 g of soil.

Test Example 3 In place of the commercially available acetic acid of Test Example 2, a liquid obtained by mixing the specific sac liquid obtained in the Examples and other fertilizer components was diluted 500 times with water to obtain a P.
The test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the solubilizing agent was changed to H4.43.

The total amount of adsorbable phosphoric acid during filtration was 12.1 mg / 100 g of soil.

Test Example 4 Using the same soil as in Test Example 2, water (PH
When 7.0) was used, the total amount of adsorbable phosphoric acid in the filtrate was 1.1.
mg / 100 g of soil.

Experimental Example (Cultivation Test of Lettuce Raising Seedlings) 1 kg of soil from the glass facility used in Test Example 2 was taken in a pot, and 250 ml of the tree sac solution obtained in Example 1 adjusted to PH 4.2 was added thereto and left to stand for 12 hours. Add 250 ml of wood sac solution and add 12
After standing for a period of time, lettuce seedlings with 1.5 leaves were transplanted at the provisional planting stage, and 100 ml of water was poured every three days and cultivated for three weeks.
This was performed in three pots.

As a comparative example, a test was performed on soil treated with water instead of wood sac.

Three weeks later, the fresh weight of the aerial part of the lettuce in each pot was measured. The average weight of the three pots with the addition of wood sacs was 8.6 g, and the average weight of the three pots with only water was 5.4. In this case, nitrogen and potassium components were applied to all pots in the same amount. From these results, it is considered that the phosphoric acid fixed in the soil was solubilized by the sap solution, turned into absorbable phosphoric acid and absorbed by the lettuce, and as a result, the difference in the growth amount was expressed.

(Effect of the Invention) As described in detail above, the solubilizing agent for non-absorbable phosphoric acid in soil according to the present invention is a solubilizing agent applied to soil on which immobilized non-absorbable phosphoric acid has been deposited. , This solubilizer
Non-sucking in soil characterized by PH value of 3.80-2.60, specific gravity of 1.019-1.010, organic acid content of 2.50-5.50% by weight, and dissolved tar of 0.15% by weight or less as a essential component Since it is a solubilizing agent for phosphoric acid, it is fixed in soil,
The deposited non-absorbable phosphoric acid can be easily solubilized in the absorbable phosphoric acid, and has an effect of excellent safety without residual toxicity.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A solubilizer to be applied to soil on which immobilized unabsorbed phosphoric acid is deposited, wherein the solubilizer has a PH value.
3.80 ~ 2.60, specific gravity 1.019 ~ 1.010, organic acid content 2.50
A solubilizing agent for non-absorbable phosphoric acid in soil, characterized by comprising wood sap liquid as an essential component in an amount of up to 5.50% by weight and a dissolved tar of 0.15% by weight or less.