JP2819793B2 - Key drive - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a key drive device used for an electronic musical instrument that generates musical tones by keyboard operation, an electronic musical instrument with an automatic performance function that automatically generates musical tones based on automatic performance information, and the like. The present invention relates to a key driving device suitable for playing.

[Prior art]

As an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function, there is known an electronic musical instrument including a key driving device for driving each key of a keyboard device in accordance with performance information reproduced from a performance information recording medium. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-205792, such a key driving device includes a first key at a front end and a first key at a rear end.
There is a device in which a second electromagnet is provided to generate an attractive force in the first electromagnet and a repulsive force in the second electromagnet, and to drive the key in a key-pressing direction at a high speed by these two forces.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the above-described conventional key driving device, although the required driving force can be obtained in a compact shape and the advantage that the key pressing speed can be increased is obtained, the first and second electromagnets are provided. Is used only for key depression, and the key release operation only uses the resilience of the key return spring to return to the state before key depression. The key release speed is slow unless the resilience is increased. For this reason, in a music piece with a fast tempo, driving in the next key pressing direction may be performed before the key is completely released, making it difficult to accurately follow the tempo of the music piece. There was a problem that the automatic performance sound faithful to the automatic performance information could not be reproduced.
In addition, there is a demand that a key drive device be mounted on a keyboard instrument with an after touch response function that detects a pressing force when a key is further depressed after being in a pressed state, that is, an after touch state, and changes a tone color of a musical tone. However, in the above-mentioned conventional key driving device, since the structure is not such that the key is further depressed after the key is depressed, it is impossible to change the tone color or the like after the key driving device changes the after touch state and the key is depressed. There was a problem. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems as a technical problem, and can speed up both a key press operation and a key release operation, and is further mounted on a keyboard instrument with an after touch response function. Another object of the present invention is to provide a key driving device capable of changing the tone after the key is pressed.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above technical object, the present invention provides a first electromagnet means provided on a keyboard chassis at a front end side of each key swingably mounted, and provided at a rear end of the key. Second electromagnet means, and driving for generating key-pressing drive information for instructing driving of the key in the key-pressing direction and key-release driving information for instructing driving of the key in the key-release direction When the key-pressing drive information is generated from the information-generating means and the key-pressing drive information, the first electromagnet means is attracted and driven in response to the key-pressing drive information. The second electromagnet means is repulsively driven at the same time as the part is driven to perform the suction operation, whereby the rear end side of the key is driven to perform the repulsive operation. If key release information has been generated, the key release A first electromagnet means rebounded drive,
Thereby, at the same time as driving the front end side of the key to perform repulsive operation, at the same time, driving the second electromagnet means by suction, thereby driving the rear end side of the key to perform suction operation, It consisted of. Key drive device consisting of: Also, in order to achieve the above technical object, a first electromagnet means provided on one of the front end side and the rear end side of each key pivotally mounted on the keyboard chassis,
Second electromagnet means provided on either the rear end side or the front end side of the key, key pressing drive information for instructing driving of the key in the key pressing direction, and key pressing driving of the key Drive information generating means for generating after-touch information for instructing subsequent key press drive; and when the key press drive information is generated from the drive information generating means, responds to the key press drive information. Driving one of the first and second electromagnet means, thereby driving the front end side of the key to perform a key-pressing operation. On the other hand, the driving information generating means drives the after-touch information. Is generated, in response to the after touch information, simultaneously drives both the first and second electromagnet means, thereby driving the front end side of the key to be pressed. Drive means, the key and the keyboard Is provided between the over sheet was composed of a pressure sensitive means for detecting the pressing operation state of the key. Here, it is preferable that the key be a key having a seesaw structure supported by a support member provided between the front end and the rear end so as to move up and down. Preferably, the key is elastically supported by an elastic member that holds the operation surface horizontally when the first and second electromagnets are not driven. Preferably, the first and second electromagnet means include a permanent magnet fixed to the key side and an electromagnet fixed to the keyboard chassis side. Further, it is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a key pressing speed detecting means for detecting a key pressing speed when the key is driven. Preferably, the rear end of each key further includes a sounding body hitting means for hitting the sounding body in response to the swing of the rear end. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first electromagnet provided on a keyboard chassis at a front end side of each key pivotally mounted on a keyboard chassis, and a first electromagnet opposed to the first electromagnet. A second electromagnet provided at a position on the keyboard chassis, key-pressing drive information for instructing driving of the key in a key-pressing direction, and key-release driving information for instructing driving of the key in a key-releasing direction. On the basis of the keying drive information generated by the drive information generating means.
The first and second electromagnets are excited so that an attractive force is generated between the electromagnets, and the key is driven in the key pressing direction. The first and second electromagnets are driven based on the key release driving information. And key driving means for exciting the first and second electromagnets so as to generate a repulsive force between the electromagnets and driving the key in the key release direction. Here, it is preferable that the first and second electromagnets are mounted at positions opposed to a lower surface of the key and a flexible substrate disposed on an upper surface of the keyboard chassis.

[Action]

According to the above configuration, when the key is driven in the key pressing direction or the key releasing direction, the first and second electromagnet means provided at the front end and the rear end of the key (or the front end of the key and a portion facing the key). In addition, since the excitation is performed so that a suction force is generated on one side and a repulsion force is simultaneously generated on the other side, the force in the rotation direction of the key by the repulsion force is added to the force in the rotation direction of the key by the suction force. For this reason, the key is rotated with a larger force than when the drive is performed only by the suction force (or the repulsive force). As a result, both the key press operation and the key release operation can be speeded up. Also, after the key is driven to the depressed state by exciting the first electromagnet means provided on the front end side of the key,
In addition to the electromagnet means, the second electromagnet means provided on the rear end side of the key is also excited to drive the key further in the direction of depressing. After pressing the key by output,
Tone and the like can be changed.

【Example】

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments.
I do. First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a keyboard device to which a key driving device according to the present invention is applied.
1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an applied electronic musical instrument. In the figure, the key 1 is centered approximately at the middle portion in the longitudinal direction.
Key depressing direction indicated by arrow A and key releasing direction indicated by arrow B
The middle part of the keyboard in the longitudinal direction is
It is supported by a support member 3 erected on the chassis 2. So
Then, the pre-arranged on the lower surface of the key 1 and the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2
Balance springs 5 and 6 provided between the
Biased by the information and projecting downward from the front end 7
L-shaped stopper plate 21 is located below the front end of keyboard chassis 4.
And the front end of the keyboard chassis 2
Abuts the cushioning member 9 as the upper limit stopper
With this, the operation surface of the key 1 is supported in a horizontal state before the key pressing operation.
Is to be carried. The key driving device 10 that drives the key supported in this way includes:
A first permanent magnet (first first magnet) provided on the lower surface of the front end 7 of the key 1
Magnetic body) 11 and a second permanent magnet provided at the rear end 12 of the key 1
(Second magnetic body) 13 and the second magnetic body 13 on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4.
A first electromagnet 14 provided at a position facing the first permanent magnet 11
And the second magnetic body 13 on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4
And the second electromagnet 15 provided at the position
Key-on data KON instructing the
The magnet 14 has an attractive force to the first permanent magnet 11 and a second electromagnetic force.
The stone 15 has the same repulsive force to the second permanent magnet 13
These first and second electromagnets 1
Excitation of 4 and 15 drives key 1 in the key depressing direction and key release direction
By the key-off data KOF that instructs the drive to
The electromagnet 14 is provided with a repulsive force toward the first permanent magnet 11 and a second electromagnet.
Attraction force to the second permanent magnet 13 is simultaneously applied to the magnet 15 respectively.
The first and second electromagnets 14,1
Driver circuit 300 for exciting key 5 to drive key 1 in the key release direction
(See FIG. 2). And furthermore, the initial touch state is detected.
The two switch elements mounted on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4
Switches when the keys 17 and 18 and the key 1 are turned in the key pressing direction.
Contact the heads of elements 17 and 18 and switch elements 17 and 18 on.
Pressing projections 19 and 20 are provided. This pressing projection 19,
20 differs in the length of the key 1 in the lower surface direction,
Is getting longer. Therefore, the key 1 is rotated in the key pressing direction.
Switch element 17 is turned on first, and then
The switch element 18 is turned on. The initial touch state is
Switch elements 17 and 18
Detected. The polarities of the first and second permanent magnets 11 and 13 are as shown in the figure.
Thus, the lower side is the north pole. Electromagnets 14, 15
Excitation current to the wiring pattern formed on the printed circuit board 4
Key press and the key press
When the excitation current flows according to the key-on data shown,
As shown, the first electromagnet 14 is provided with the first permanent magnet 11.
The S pole of the polarity in the direction of attraction, the second electromagnet 15 has the second
It becomes the N pole of the polarity repelling the permanent magnet 13, and the key is released.
Excitation current was applied according to key-off data indicating key
At the time, the first electromagnet 14 has the first
N-pole with a polarity repelling the permanent magnet 11, a second electromagnet
15 has an S pole having a polarity in a direction to attract the second permanent magnet 13;
The direction of the excitation current to each of the electromagnets 14 and 15 is
Or the winding direction of the core that constitutes each of the electromagnets 14 and 15 is selected.
ing. Next, the configuration of the electronic musical instrument of FIG. 2 will be described. The electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 2 has a predetermined octave range.
A keyboard unit 100 including a plurality of keys 1-1 to 1-n
Keys corresponding to the respective keys 1-1 to 1-n of the keyboard unit 100
A key driving unit 200 having driving devices 10-1 to 10-n;
A drive for exciting the key drive devices 10-1 to 10-n of the drive unit 200
Which key of the plurality of keys 1 of the keyboard circuit 300 and the keyboard section 100 is pressed.
In addition to detecting whether the key has been locked,
Outputs drive data on keys to be pressed in chronological order
Central processing unit (hereinafter, CPU) 400
Mode to indicate normal performance mode or automatic performance mode.
Mode selection switch section 500 and various types of
Read-only memory (RO
M) 600, which stores various data in the process of music generation
Random access memory (RAM) 700
Key-on for instructing pitch data KN representing pitch and sounding start
By receiving the signal KON ″ from the CPU 400,
Generates tone waveform data of pitch corresponding to pitch data KN
The key-on signal KON ″ is applied to the musical tone waveform data.
Control by envelope waveform generated in synchronization with
And a tone generation circuit 800 for performing the
Analog sound using waveform data output from the path 800
Signal and input to the speaker 803 via the amplifier 802.
DA converter 801
Have. Driver circuit 30 for exciting key drive devices 10-1 to 10-n
0 indicates the key driving device 1 as shown in FIG.
Arrows are respectively attached to the coils of the electromagnets 14 and 15 of 0-1 to 10-n.
Excitation current output to input the excitation current in direction A or B
Of the power circuits 300-1 to 301-n and the electromagnets 14 and 15 to be excited.
Drive the driving force data PD indicating the suction force to the corresponding amplitude level.
DA converter 301 for converting to a magnetic signal, and from this DA converter 301
It corresponds to the key drive device 10 for the purpose of outputting the excitation signal.
Output to the excitation current output circuits 300-1 to 300-n.
Set by LUXLEXA 302 and key-on data KON
Reset by the key-off data KOF
And a flip-flop 303. And exciting
The current output circuits 300-1 to 300-n
Transistors Q1 and Q2 that amplify the excitation signal input from
Is turned on by the set output of the flip-flop 303.
Transistor Q3 and the flip-flop 303
Transistor Q4 that is turned on by the
Lip flop 303 set by key-on data KON
Is turned on, the transistor Q3 is conducting,
Excitation signal amplified by transistor Q2 points to electromagnets 14, 15
The excitation current is applied in the A direction. But flip
Flop 303 reset by key-off data KOF
The transistor Q4 is conducting,
The excitation signal amplified by the star Q1 is directed to the electromagnets 14 and 15 in the direction of arrow B.
Direction is applied as an exciting current. The multiplexer 302 stores the pitch data of the key to be depressed.
The distribution destination of the excitation signal is determined by the data KN. And
This pitch data KN and driving force data indicating the attractive force of the electromagnet
PD is a set of drives corresponding to each key to be pressed
Data is input from CPU 400 for each key, and key is pressed
Input in synchronization with the timing. On the other hand, the ROM 600 contains programs and various
Although data is stored in advance, automatic performance is also performed.
The data format shown in Fig. 4
As for the key-pressing operation,
Key-on data KO that indicates (start sounding)
Keys are pressed sequentially as the song progresses, starting with N
Pitch data KN indicating the pitch of the musical tone corresponding to the power key and
Length data LD indicating the length of the sound (including the length of the rest)
Driving force of electromagnets 14 and 15 for generating the musical sound
(Suction force) is one set of driving force data PD.
Regarding key operation, it is necessary to release the key (stop sounding
With key-off data KOF at the top,
Pitch data indicating the pitch of the musical tone corresponding to the key to be released
And the driving force of the electromagnets 14 and 15 when stopping the musical sound.
(Suction force) is one set of drive data PD.
Automatic performance data D1, D2, ... for the required number of sets in the order of music progression
.. Are sequentially stored. Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. First, based on the data stored in the ROM 600, the key drive
The keys 1-1 to 1-n are automatically pressed by the moving unit 200,
Automatic performance mode that generates musical tones corresponding to the pressed keys
FIG. 5 is a flow chart for generating a musical tone in
The explanation will be made with reference to the chart. First, the mode selection operation of the mode selection switch section 500
Therefore, select the automatic performance mode and start the automatic performance.
Instruct to start. Then, the CPU 400 stores the information in the ROM 600 in advance.
Read the automatic performance data D1, D2, ...
Protrude. So, like the automatic performance data D1,
For automatic performance data starting with data KON,
High data KN, sound length data LD, driving force data PD, key on data
The data KON is input to the driver circuit 300 (step S1). The DA converter 301 of the driver circuit 300 receives the driving force data PD.
When applied, the data PD has a corresponding amplitude level
Convert to analog excitation signal and input to multiplexer 302
Power. The multiplexer 302 receives the analog input signal.
The magnetic signal is detected by the pitch data KN input from the CPU 400.
Excitation current output corresponding to target key 1 (1-1 to 1-n)
Deliver to the power circuit (300-1 to 300-n). For example, when reading the first set of automatic performance data D1
Is supplied to the excitation current output circuit 300-1.
As a result, this excitation signal is generated by the transistors Q1 and Q2.
Current is amplified by the key-on data KON.
Since transistor Q3 is conducting, transistor Q2
Arrows A on stones 15, 14, transistor Q3, ground potential path
The excitation current in the direction becomes the electromagnets 14 and 1 of the key driving device 10-1.
5 is applied (step S2). Thereby, the first electromagnet 14 of the key driving device 10-1 is
The attractive force to the first permanent magnet 11 is applied to the second electromagnet 15
2 generates a repulsive force on the permanent magnet 13, and the electromagnetic force
The key 1-1 causes the front end 7 of the key 1-1 to rotate downward by the combined force.
Therefore, the key 1 is driven at a high speed. This
In the case of, the driving force in the key pressing direction depends on the driving force data PD
I do. When the front end 7 of the key 1-1 is pressed, the lower surface of the key 1-1 is pressed.
Of the two switch elements 17 and 18 provided in
The switch element 17 facing the longer pressing projection 19 is
On, then the switch facing the shorter pressing projection 20
The element 18 turns on. CPU 400 has switch element 17 turned on
Recognizes that the pressed key is key 1-1 based on the time signal
I do. At the same time, the switching elements 17 and 18
Data indicating the key pressing speed by the time difference of
Initial touch data ITD is detected (step S
Four). Then, press this initial touch data ITD
Transferred to the tone generator 800 together with the pitch data KN of 1-1.
In addition, the key-on signal
No. KON ″ to the tone generator 800 to start sounding
To instruct. The tone generator 800 responds to the input pitch data KN.
Generated tone waveform data of the pitch
Control of the tone waveform was performed by the switch data ITD.
Then, it is input to the DA converter 801. DA converter 801 is input
Analog tone signal of amplitude level corresponding to tone waveform data
Signal and amplified by the amplifier 802.
Sound as a musical tone. This is followed by pitch data KN
Key on by the sound length data LD read from ROM 600
The sounding time after the signal KON "is generated is indicated by the pitch data LD.
Time is reached (step
S5). As a result, the time indicated by the duration data LD
If not, the operation of generating the same pitch tone continues.
Let However, the sounding time is the time indicated by the pitch data LD.
Is reached, the next set of automatic performance data D2
And read it out (step S6). The next set of automatic performance data D2 is the sound corresponding to key 1-1.
The pitch data KN and the suction power
Key-off data indicating the release of key 1-1 together with the data PD.
Includes data KOF. Therefore, the CPU 400
Key pitch data KN and suction power data PD of key D2
Input to the driver circuit 300 together with OF (step S
1). The DA converter 301 of the driver circuit 300 is used to release the key 1-1.
When the suction force data PD is input, the data PD
Convert to analog excitation signal with corresponding amplitude level
Then, the signal is input to the multiplexer 302. Multiplexer 302
Is the analog excitation signal input from CPU 400
Corresponding to the target key 1-1 by the pitch data KN
Delivered to the exciting current output circuit 300-1. The excitation signal input to the excitation current output circuit 300-1 is
The current is amplified by the transistors Q1 and Q2.
Transistor Q4 is conducting due to data KOF
So, transistor Q1, electromagnets 14, 15, transistor Q4,
Excitation current in the direction of arrow B on the path of earth potential
Is applied to the electromagnets 14 and 15 of the moving device 10-1 (step S
6). Thereby, the first electromagnet 14 of the key driving device 10-1 is
The repulsive force to the first permanent magnet 11 is applied to the second electromagnet 15
Attraction force to the permanent magnet 13 is generated, and these electromagnetic force
The key 1-1 has its front end 7 pivoted upward by the combined force.
Therefore, the key 1 is driven at high speed. This
In the case of, the driving force in the key release direction depends on the suction force data PD
I do. Thus, the key 1-1 is driven in the key release direction, and the drive is performed.
After a certain period of time, the CPU 400
The excitation of steps 4 and 15 is stopped (steps S7 and S8). Sand
Stop supplying suction force data PD to driver circuit 300
I do. Then, the excitation signal output from the DA converter 301 is
Since the amplitude becomes "0", output from transistors Q1 and Q2
The amplitude of the excitation signal to be applied also becomes “0”. This allows the key
The excitation state of the electromagnets 14 and 15 of the driving device 1-1 is released,
The key 1-1 is pressed by the resilience of the balance springs 5 and 6.
The horizontal state before the key operation is maintained. Here, the drive time in the key release direction has passed a certain time.
Then, the reason for stopping the excitation of the electromagnets 14 and 15 is
This is to suppress unnecessary consumption of current. Until such an operation generates the last musical tone of the music, 1
It is executed sequentially for each sound. And the last musical tone of the song
Generates a tone in the automatic performance mode
The operation ends (step S9). As described above, according to the present embodiment, the key 1 is pressed in the pressing direction or
When driving in the key release direction, the front end 7 and the rear end of the key 1
The first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 provided in the
It excites so that attraction and repulsion occur on the other.
And the repulsive force against the force in the turning direction of the key 1 due to the suction force.
The force in the turning direction is added. For this reason, the key 1 has a suction force
(Or repulsion force)
It will be rotated with a large force. As a result, the key press operation
It is possible to speed up both the key release operation and the key release operation. Second Embodiment FIG. 6 is a keyboard apparatus to which a key driving device according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an applied electronic musical instrument. This embodiment has an L-shaped storage in addition to the configuration shown in FIG.
A printed circuit board 22 is provided on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2 below the panel 21.
And an L-shaped strip on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 22.
A pressure sensor 23 is arranged at a position facing the lower surface 24 of the topper plate 21.
After the key 1 is driven to the pressed state, it is pressed further down.
The pressure at which the key is locked, i.e.
The lower surface 24 of the wrapper plate 21 is
Is detected. Further, the driving in the key pressing direction is performed only by the second electromagnet 15.
So as to generate a repulsive force on the second permanent magnet 13
After the key is depressed, the first electromagnet 14 is
Generates attractive force to magnet 11 and pushes down further in the pressing direction
After-touch response function is realized by
That is to be able to. Therefore, the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG.
Is composed of pressure sensors 23-1 to 23-n for each key.
Pressure sensor unit 230 and output from the pressure sensor unit 230.
Analog aftertouch signal corresponding to the amplitude of the signal
Aftertouch data ATD "and input to CPU400
An AD converter 240 is provided. In addition, the electromagnets 14 and 15 of the key driving devices 10-1 to 10-n are installed.
Can be excited independently of each other by different exciting currents
Thus, the driver circuit 310 is configured as shown in FIG.
Have been. That is, the driver circuit 310 has two driver circuits 3
10A, 310B, and drives in the key press direction and key release direction.
The driver circuit 310A is in charge of the drive corresponding to the key pressing speed.
DA conversion to convert force data PD to excitation signal of corresponding amplitude
Exciter 311A and electromagnet 15 of key drive units 10-1 to 10-n
Transistors 313A-1 to 313A-n for inputting current,
Key for excitation signal output from DA converter 311A
Transistors 313A- corresponding to the driving devices 10-1 to 10-n
Multiplexer 31 for selecting and outputting to bases 1 to 313A-n
2A. On the other hand, the key is further pressed down from the pressed state in the pressed direction
The driver circuit 310B, which is in charge of driving for
After-touch data ATD indicating pressure is excited to the corresponding amplitude.
DA converter 311B for converting to a magnetic signal, and key driving devices 10-1 to 10-1
A transistor 31 for inputting an exciting current to the 10-n electromagnet 14
3B-1 to 313B-n and output from the DA converter 311B
Compatible with key drive units 10-1 to 10-n for excitation signals
Selected for the bases of the transistors 313B-1 to 313B-n
And a multiplexer 312B. On the other hand, the ROM 600 stores the tone generation in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
Necessary programs and various data are stored in advance
However, as information for performing the automatic performance, FIG. 9
As shown in the data format of
What you need to press the key (start sounding)
Starting the key-on data KON to instruct
Pitch of the musical tone corresponding to the key to be pressed sequentially
And the length of the musical tone (including the length of the rest)
), And the musical tone is generated.
Force data P indicating the driving force (repulsive force) of the electromagnet 15 at the time
D, after-touch instruction to instruct after-touch pressure
Data ATD is one set, and key release drive operation
Indicates that the key should be released (stops sounding)
Key-off data KOF should be released first
One set of pitch data KN indicating the pitch of the musical tone corresponding to the key
These are automatically played by the required number of
Data D1, D2,... Are sequentially stored. Next, the operation in the automatic performance mode having the above configuration
This will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. First, the mode selection operation of the mode selection switch section 500
Therefore, select the automatic performance mode and start the automatic performance.
Instruct to start. Then, the CPU 400 stores the information in the ROM 600 in advance.
Read the automatic performance data D1, D2, ...
Protrude. So, like the automatic performance data D1,
For automatic performance data starting with data KON,
High data KN, length data LD, driving force data PD, after touch
The instruction ATD is input to the driver circuit 310 (step
S20). The D / A converter 311A of the driver circuit 310
Is input, the data PD has the corresponding amplitude level.
Multiplexor 312A
To enter. Multiplexer 312A is the analog input
The excitation signal of the
Transaction corresponding to the intended key 1 (1-1 to 1-n)
The data is input to the bases of the registers 313A-1 to 313A-n. For example, when reading the first set of automatic performance data D1
The excitation signal of is input to the transistor 313A-1.
Then, the excitation signal is generated by the transistor 313A-1.
The current is amplified and applied to the electromagnet 15 of the key driving device 10-1.
(Step S21). Thereby, the second electromagnet 15 of the key driving device 10-1 is
The repulsion of the second permanent magnet 11 occurs, and the repulsion
The key 1-1 has its front end 7 turned downward and the key 1-1 is depressed.
Is driven. In this case, the driving force in the pressing direction is the driving force.
Depends on force data PD. When the key 1-1 is pressed, the key provided on the lower surface of the key 1-1
The longer of the two switch elements 17, 18 in the downward direction
The switch element 17 facing the pressing projection 19 of the first turns on,
Next, the switch element 18 facing the shorter pressing projection 20 is turned off.
On. CPU 400 responds to the signal when switch element 17 is turned on.
Based on this, it is recognized that the pressed key is the key 1-1. simultaneous
At the time when the switch elements 17 and 18 are turned on.
Data indicating the key pressing speed by the difference,
The touch data ITD is detected (step S23). Soshi
Then, this initial touch data ITD is
After transferring it to the tone generator 800 together with the pitch data KN,
Further, the on signal of the switch element 17 is changed to a key-on signal KON ″.
To the tone generation circuit 800 to indicate the start of sound generation
You. The tone generator 800 responds to the input pitch data KN.
Generated tone waveform data of the pitch
Control of the tone waveform was performed by the switch data ITD.
Then, it is input to the DA converter 801. DA converter 801 is input
Analog tone signal of amplitude level corresponding to tone waveform data
Signal and amplified by the amplifier 802.
Sound as a musical tone. A certain amount of time has passed since the sound was started in this way.
If it is (step S24), it is read along with the key-on data KON.
The extracted after touch instruction data ATD is converted to pitch data KN.
Of the key driving device 10-1 corresponding to the key 1-1 specified by
Input to converter 311B. Then, the DA converter 311A outputs the after touch instruction data AT.
D to analog excitation signal with corresponding amplitude level
The signal is converted and input to the multiplexer 312B. Multiplex
312B receives the analog excitation signal from CPU 400
The target key 1-1 is matched by the input pitch data KN.
Input to the base of the corresponding transistor 313B-1. this
The excitation signal is supplied by the transistor 313B-1.
Is amplified and applied to the electromagnet 14 of the key driving device 10-1.
(Step S25). As a result, the generation of the repulsive force of the second electromagnet 15 is prevented.
While being maintained, the first electromagnet 14 of the key driving device 10-1 is
An attraction force to the first permanent magnet 11 is generated, and this attraction force
The key 1-1 that has already been pressed has its front end 7 downward.
, And the state becomes the after touch drive operation state. The key 1-1 is pressed in the after touch drive operation state
And a pressure provided on the lower surface of the L-shaped stopper plate 21 of the key 1-1.
The sensor 23 is pressed by the lower surface 24. This allows
Aftertouch indicating the aftertouch pressure from the pressure sensor 23.
The CPU 400 outputs after-touch data ATD "based on the after-touch data ATD".
A touch state is detected (step S26). And this
Transfer the after touch data ATD ″ to the tone generation circuit 800
You. The tone generator 800 responds to the input pitch data KN.
For example, the waveform shape of the tone
In accordance with the data ATD ".
The tone of the tone that is pronounced from 03 is aftertouch data
It changes in response to ATD ". After that, the pitch data KN was read from the ROM 600 at the same time.
After the key-on signal KON is generated by the tone length data LD
Whether the pronunciation time has reached the time indicated by the pitch data LD
It is determined whether or not (step S27). As a result,
If the time indicated by the data LD has not been reached,
The operation of generating the musical tone at the pitch is continued. But the pronunciation time
Has reached the time indicated by the pitch data LD,
Is read from the ROM 600 (step
S28). The next set of automatic performance data D2 is the sound corresponding to key 1-1.
In order to stop the generation of high musical tones, together with the pitch data KN,
Key-off data KOF indicating key release of key 1-1 is placed at the top
Contains. Therefore, the CPU 400 sets the pitch of the automatic performance data D2.
While inputting the data KN to the driver circuit 310,
The suction force data PD and the
Set the touch data ATD to “0”. Then, the data is output from the DA converters 311A and 311B of the driver circuit 310.
Since the amplitude of the excitation signal to be applied becomes “0”, the first and second
The excitation of the electromagnets 14 and 15 is released (step S29). Thereby, from the second electromagnet 15 of the key driving device 10-1,
The repulsive force generated and the first electromagnet 14
The suction force stops and the key 1-1 has its front end 7 balanced.
The key is released by being pivoted upward by the repelling force of the springs 5 and 6.
Driven to state. Until such an operation generates the last musical tone of the music, 1
It is executed sequentially for each sound. And the last musical tone of the song
Generates a tone in the automatic performance mode
The operation ends (step S30). As described above, according to the present embodiment, the driving in the key pressing direction is the
Only the second electromagnet 15 generates a repulsive force to the second permanent magnet 13
The first key after the key is depressed.
Generates an attractive force to the first permanent magnet 11 on the magnet 14 and presses the key
By further pressing down in the direction, after touchless
After touch function has been implemented.
The sound after a key is pressed by mounting it on a keyboard instrument with a response function
Color and the like can be changed. In addition, the key is based on the elasticity of the balance springs 5 and 6.
I want to return to the state before the key was pressed.
Thus, the first electromagnet 14 has a repulsive force on the first permanent magnet 11.
And the second electromagnet 15 has an attractive force to the second permanent magnet 13.
So that they return to the state before the key was pressed.
Good. In this way, after touch response
The function can be realized, and the key pressing speed and the key releasing speed are fast.
can do. Third Embodiment By the way, in the above-described embodiment, the key is driven to be in the key pressed state.
In this invention, the musical tone is generated electronically.
The key is not limited to this.
In response to this, the self
It can also be applied to natural instruments. Fig. 11 shows an acoustic instrument that is a kind of natural musical instrument.
Key 1-1 when the present invention is applied to a piano
FIG. That is, in this embodiment, on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2,
A support 26 is erected, and a hammer is attached to a support shaft 27 at the tip of the support 26.
The arm 28 is rotatably mounted and used for automatic performance data.
When there is a key press drive operation based on
When the end of the key 1-1 pushes up the protrusion 29 on the back,
The hammer 37 that strikes the string 39
Rotate counterclockwise using the sexual force, hit the string 39, strike
After the string, the hammer arm 28 and the weight built in the arm 28
It is configured to return to the original position by 38
You. The key 1-1 has the first and second keys as in FIG.
Structured so that it can be driven to the key pressed state by electromagnets 14 and 15
Have been. These means actually hit the string 39 to produce a musical tone
A musical sound generating means for generating the musical sound;
Tone generation that constitutes the tone generator of the first embodiment described above.
Substitute for circuit 800, DA converter 801, amplifier 802, speaker 803
Provided for Note that detecting an initial touch
Switch elements and pressing projections are not necessary.
Not. In this configuration, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
It is. That is, in this key structure, the CPU 400
The automatic performance operation is performed based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
In these flowcharts, the same processing as in FIG.
The steps that perform the processing are denoted by the same symbols. The basic operation is to generate musical tones electronically or to play strings.
The only difference is whether or not to vibrate when
The description will be made from the time when the key is driven to the pressed state. First, when the key 1-1 is driven to the depressed state, the key 1-1 is driven.
End push up the protrusion 29 on the back of the hammer arm 28.
The hammer 37 that hits the string 39 is weighted by the hammer arm 28.
Rotate clockwise using the inertial force of 38. This
The string 39 is struck and the pitch corresponding to the natural frequency of the string 39
And the tone of the volume corresponding to the striking power of the hammer 37 is pronounced.
Is done. After striking the string, the key 1-1 is connected to the hammer arm 28 and the key
Return to the original position by the weight 38 built in the arm 28
You. Thereafter, as in the first embodiment, the data is read from the ROM 600.
At the time of sound generation after driving the key 1-1 by the pitch length data LD
Whether the interval has reached the time indicated by the duration data LD
Is determined, and if it has been reached, the next key release driving operation is performed.
The automatic performance data is read out and returned to the key release state. Ends such actions until the last musical tone of the song
Do until Therefore, also in this key structure, the same as in the first embodiment is used.
The effect is obtained. Note that instead of hitting the string with the hammer 37, a pressure sensor is
Press, and electronically generate a musical tone by the output of this pressure sensor.
Configuration. Fourth Embodiment FIG. 13 shows a keyboard device to which the key driving device according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the device. In this embodiment, a support erected on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2
The rear end of the key 1 is rotatably supported on a member 40 by a spring 41.
And a flexible substrate on the lower surface of the front end of the key 1.
One end of 42 is fixed, the other end is fixed on the upper surface of keyboard chassis 2
Then, the first and second electromagnets 14 and 1
5 are arranged facing each other. Also the initials
Switch elements 17, 18 for detecting a touch state and
The pressing members 19 and 20 are also arranged on the flexible substrate 42.
is there. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged cross section of the first and second electromagnets 14 and 15.
Through the flexible board 42 and
The hole inserted and fixed in the hole on the top of the keyboard chassis 2
A, 43, 44 and these cores 43, 44 were wound flat around
It is composed of coils 45 and 46. In this configuration, the key 1 is driven in the key pressing direction.
In the example, the first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 are in a direction of attracting each other.
Excited to be a magnetic pole and drive key 1 in the key release direction
At the time, the first and second electromagnets 14 and 15
It is excited to become a magnetic pole. Therefore, also in this key structure, the same as in the first embodiment is used.
The effect is obtained. Furthermore, the first,
Since the second electromagnets 14 and 15 are formed in a flat shape,
Under the key 1 with a compact structure and little room for space
Can be easily mounted on a surface.

【The invention's effect】

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In the key driving device according to the first and third aspects, both the key pressing operation and the key releasing operation can be speeded up, and even if the music has a high tempo, the music can be accurately followed and automatically played. Become. Further, in the key driving device according to the second aspect, it is possible to change the tone and the like after the key is pressed by mounting the key driving device on a keyboard musical instrument having an aftertouch function. Further, in the key driving device according to the fourth aspect, the key driving device has a compact structure and can be easily attached to the lower surface of the key having a small space margin. In the key driving device according to the fifth aspect, the electromagnetic force of one electromagnet is transmitted to the end of the key on which the other electromagnet is disposed with a simple structure, and the combined force of the electromagnetic forces of the two electromagnets is transmitted. Can be easily obtained, and the key can be driven in both the pressing direction and the key releasing direction only by the electromagnetic force of one electromagnet. In the key driving device according to the sixth aspect, in the non-driving state before the key pressing operation, the key can be kept horizontal even if the first and second electromagnets are in the non-excited state. Can be prevented from being wasted. Also, in the key driving device according to claim 7, the first,
The attraction force or the repulsion force of the second electromagnet means is enhanced, and a reliable key drive can be performed. Further, in the key driving device according to the eighth aspect, it is possible to change the timbre and the like of the musical tone according to the initial touch state. Further, in the key driving device according to the ninth aspect, the key driving device can be incorporated into a natural musical instrument that actually vibrates a sounding body such as a string.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key driving device of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which the keyboard device of FIG. 1 is applied, FIG. 3 is a detailed configuration diagram of a driver circuit, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an outline of an automatic performance operation, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key driving device of the present invention is applied, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which the keyboard device of FIG. 6 is applied, FIG. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of a driver circuit, and FIG.
The figure shows the format of the automatic performance data.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an outline of an automatic performance operation, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key driving device of the present invention is applied, FIG. FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key driving device of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Key 2 ... Keyboard chassis 4 ... Printed circuit board 5,6 ... Balance spring 10,10-1 to 10-n ... Key drive device 11 ... First permanent magnet 13 ... First permanent Magnet 14 First electromagnet 15 Second electromagnet 17 First switch element 18 Second switch element 23 Pressurizing sensor 28 Hammer arm 37 Hammer 39 String 42 Flexible board 43,44 Core 45,46 Coil 100 Keyboard section 200 Key drive section 300,310 Driver circuit 400 CPU 800 Music generation circuit

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] A first electromagnet means provided at a front end side of each key swingably mounted on a keyboard chassis; a second electromagnet means provided at a rear end part of the key; Drive information generating means for generating key press drive information for instructing driving of the key in the key depressing direction and key release drive information for instructing driving of the key in the key release direction; When the key-pressing drive information is generated from the means, the first electromagnet means is attracted and driven in response to the key-pressing drive information, thereby driving the front end side of the key to perform a suction operation. At the same time, the second electromagnet means is repulsively driven, whereby the rear end of the key is driven to perform a repulsive operation. On the other hand, if the key release information is generated from the drive information generation means, Responsive to the key release driving information, repulsively drives the first electromagnet means Key driving means for driving the front end side of the key to repel, and at the same time, driving the second electromagnet means to attract, thereby driving the rear end side of the key to perform suction operation. And a key drive comprising: 2. A first electromagnet means provided on one of a front end side and a rear end side of each key swingably mounted on a keyboard chassis; and a rear end side of said key or Second electromagnet means provided on one of the front end side, key-pressing drive information for instructing the key to be driven in the key-pressing direction, and further key-pressing drive after the key-pressing drive of the key; Drive information generating means for generating after touch information for performing the key press driving information, and when the key press drive information is generated from the drive information generating means, the first or second key press drive information is responsive to the key press drive information. One of the electromagnet means is driven, thereby driving the front end side of the key to perform a key press operation.On the other hand, when the drive information generating means generates the after touch information, In response to aftertouch information,
Key driving means for simultaneously driving both the first and second electromagnet means, thereby driving the front end side of the key to be pressed; and provided between the key and the keyboard chassis. And a pressure-sensitive means for detecting a pressing state of the key. 3. A first electromagnet provided at the front end side of each key swingably mounted on a keyboard chassis, and a second electromagnet provided at a position on the keyboard chassis opposed to the first electromagnet. An electromagnet; and drive information generating means for generating key press drive information for instructing drive of the key in the key press direction and key release drive information for instructing drive of the key in the key release direction. The first and second electromagnets are excited so as to generate an attractive force between the first and second electromagnets based on the key press drive information generated by the drive information generating means, and the key is pressed. Drive in the direction, based on the key release drive information of the key,
Key drive means for exciting the first and second electromagnets so as to generate a repulsive force between the first and second electromagnets and driving the key in a key release direction. 4. The key according to claim 3, wherein said first and second electromagnets are mounted at positions facing a lower surface of said key and a flexible substrate disposed on an upper surface of said keyboard chassis. Drive. 5. A seesaw structure key which is supported so as to move up and down by a support member provided between said front end and said rear end. 3. The key driving device according to 2. 6. The key according to claim 1, wherein the key is elastically supported by an elastic member which holds the operation surface horizontally when the first and second electromagnets are not driven. Or the key driving device according to 2. 7. The first and second electromagnet means comprise a permanent magnet fixed to the key side and an electromagnet fixed to the keyboard chassis side.
A key drive as described. 8. The key driving device according to claim 1, further comprising a key pressing speed detecting means for detecting a key pressing speed when the key is driven. 9. A sounding body striking means for striking a sounding body at a rear end of each key in response to a swing of the rear end. 3. The key driving device according to 2.