JPH0456997A - Key driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a key drive device used in an electronic musical instrument that generates musical tones based on keyboard operations or an electronic musical instrument with an automatic performance function that automatically generates musical tones based on automatic performance information. This invention relates to a key drive device suitable for playing.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Electronic musical instruments equipped with an automatic performance function are known to include a key drive device that drives each axis of a keyboard device in accordance with performance information reproduced from a performance information recording medium. As such a key drive device, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-20579
As disclosed in No. 2, the front and rear ends of the key are provided with a first. There is a device in which a second electromagnet is provided, the first electromagnet generates an attractive force, and the second electromagnet generates a repulsive force, and these two blades drive the key in the key pressing direction at high speed.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the conventional key drive device described above,
Although it has the advantage of being able to obtain the necessary driving force despite its compact shape and increasing the speed of key pressing, the first and second electromagnets are only used for key pressing, and are not used for key pressing. The key release operation simply uses the resiliency of the key return spring to return the key to the state before the key was pressed, so unless the spring repulsion is large enough, the key cannot be released. The speed is slow. For this reason, in songs with a fast tempo, * may be driven in the direction of the next key press before the key is completely released, making it difficult to accurately follow the tempo of the song, and the automatic There was a problem in that automatic performance sounds that were faithful to the performance information could not be reproduced. In addition, there is a demand to implement a key drive device in a keyboard instrument with an aftertouch response function that detects the pressing force when the key is pressed down again after it has been pressed down, that is, the aftertouch state, and changes the timbre of the musical tone. However, the conventional key drive device described above does not have a structure in which the key is pressed further after the key is pressed, so it is not possible to change the aftertouch state by the key drive device to change the tone, etc. after the key is pressed. There was a problem. The technical objective of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to speed up both key pressing and key release operations, and furthermore, it can be applied to a keyboard instrument with an aftertouch response function. It is an object of the present invention to provide a key drive device that can be implemented to change the tone color etc. after a key is pressed.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a first electromagnet means provided on the front end steel of each shaft swingably mounted on the keyboard chassis, and a first electromagnet means provided on the rear end of the key. second
an electromagnetic means, and a driving information generating means for generating key press driving information for instructing driving of the key in the key pressing direction and key release driving information for instructing driving the key in the key releasing direction. When the key press drive information is generated from this drive information generating means, in response to the key press drive information, the first
At the same time, the second electromagnetic means is driven to repel, thereby repulsively operating the rear end of the key. On the other hand, when the key release information is generated from the drive information generating means, the first electromagnet means is repulsively driven in response to the key release drive information, thereby causing the key to be activated. The key driving means is configured to drive the front end steel so as to perform a repulsive operation, and at the same time, attract and drive the second electromagnetic means, thereby driving the rear end side of the key so as to perform a suction operation. A key drive consisting of: Further, in order to achieve the above technical problem, a first electromagnet means provided on either the front end steel or the rear end side of each shaft swingably mounted on the keyboard chassis; a second electromagnetic means provided on either the rear end side or the front end steel of the key; key press drive information for instructing the drive of the key in the key press direction; and after the key press drive of the key; drive information generation means for generating aftertouch information for instructing further key press drive; and when the key press drive information is generated from the drive information generation means, in response to the key press drive information; , thereby driving either said first or second electromagnetic means. The front end steel of the key is driven to operate the key, and on the other hand,
When the aftertouch information is generated from the drive information generating means, both the first and second electromagnetic means are simultaneously driven in response to the aftertouch information, thereby causing the front end of the key to The key driving means is configured to drive a steel so as to press the key, and a pressure sensitive means is provided between the key and the keyboard chassis to detect the pressing operation state of the key. Here, it is preferable that the key has a seesaw structure and is supported so as to move up and down by a support member provided between the front end and the rear end. Preferably, the key is elastically supported by an elastic member that holds the shaft horizontally with the operating surface when the first and second electromagnets are not driven. Further, it is preferable that the first and second electromagnet means include a permanent magnet fixed to the part side and an electromagnet fixed to the keyboard chassis side. Furthermore, it is preferable to further include key press speed detection means for detecting a key press speed when the key is pressed. Preferably, the rear end of each of the shafts further includes a sounding body striking means for striking the sounding body in response to the swinging of the rear end. In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention includes a first electromagnet provided on the front end steel of each shaft that is swingably mounted on the keyboard chassis, and a first electromagnet that faces the first electromagnet. a second electromagnet provided at a position on the keyboard chassis; key press driving information for instructing driving of the key in the key pressing direction; and key release driving information for instructing driving the key in the key releasing direction; drive information generation means for generating a drive information generating means, and a drive information generating means for generating a drive information such that an attractive force is generated between the first and second electromagnets based on the key press drive information generated from the drive information generation means.
energizes an electromagnet to drive the key in a key depression direction, based on key release drive information of the key. Said 1st. and key driving means for driving the key in the key release direction by exciting the first and second electromagnets so as to generate a repulsive force between the second electromagnets. Here, it is preferable that the first and second electromagnets are attached to opposite positions of a flexible board disposed on the lower surface of the key and the upper surface of the keyboard chassis.

[Operation 1] According to the above configuration, when driving the key in the key-pressing direction or the key-releasing direction, the first and second The electromagnetic means is excited so that an attractive force is generated on one side and a repulsive force is generated on the other at the same time, so that the force in the rotational direction due to the repulsive force is added to the force in the rotational direction of the key due to the attractive force. Ru. For this reason, the key is rotated with a larger force than when driven only by attractive force (or repulsive force). As a result, it is possible to speed up both key press and release operations. Further, after the key is driven to the pressed state by energizing the first electromagnetic means provided on the front end steel of the key, in addition to this first electromagnetic means, a second electromagnetic means provided on the rear end side of the key is activated. By energizing the electromagnetic means to further drive the key in a downward direction, the aftertouch state is detected by the pressure sensitive means, and the tone color etc. can be changed after the key is pressed based on the inspection output. [Example 1] The present invention will be described in detail below based on an example shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a keyboard device to which a key driving device according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is an overall block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which this keyboard device is applied. In the figure, the key 1 is pivotable in the key-pressing direction shown by arrow A and the key-release direction shown by arrow B, with the key 1 centered on the substantially middle part in the elongated direction, on the keyboard chassis 2. It is supported by a support member 3 erected. Balance springs 5 and 6 are provided between the lower surface of the key 1 and the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 disposed on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2.
The L-shaped stopper plate 21 is urged upward by the front end 7 and protrudes downward from the front end 7. The L-shaped stopper plate 21 is inserted into the through hole 8 formed below the front end of the keyboard chassis 4, and the upper limit stopper on the lower surface of the front end of the keyboard chassis 2 is inserted. By coming into contact with the buffer member 9, the operation surface of Ill is supported in the horizontal state before the key press operation. The key driving device 10 that drives the key supported in this way is
A first permanent magnet (first magnetic material) 11 provided on the lower surface of the front end 7 of the key 1, a second permanent magnet (second magnetic material) 13 provided on the rear end 12 of the key 1, A first permanent magnet provided on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 at a position facing the first permanent magnet 11
a second electromagnet 15 provided on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 4 at a position facing the second magnetic body 13;
Key-on data KO that instructs key 1 to be driven in the key-pressing direction
N so that the first electromagnet 14 generates an attractive force toward the first permanent magnet 11 and the second electromagnet 15 generates a repulsive force toward the second permanent magnet 13 at the same time. The second electromagnet 14 and 14 are excited to drive the key 1 in the key-pressing direction, and the first permanent magnet 14 is activated by the key-off data KOF that instructs the key 1 to be driven in the key-release direction. The first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 are excited so that the key 1 is generated so that a repulsive force to the second permanent magnet 11 and an attractive force to the second permanent magnet 13 are generated in the second electromagnet 15 at the same time. Driver circuit 300 that drives in the key release direction
(See Figure 2). Furthermore, in order to detect the initial touch state,
Two switch elements 1 attached to the top surface of the printed circuit board 4
7.18, when the key 1 is rotated in the key pressing direction, it comes into contact with the head of the switch element 17.18, and the switch element 17.1
A pressing protrusion 19,20 is provided for turning on 8. The pressing protrusions 19 and 20 have different lengths in the direction of the lower surface of the key 1, with the pressing protrusion 19 being longer. Therefore, when the key 1 is rotated in the key depression direction, the switch element 17 is turned on first, and then the switch element 18 is turned on. In the initial touch state, this switch element 17.18
It is detected by the time difference in the on-timing of the two. Note that the polarity of the first and Wt2 permanent magnets 11 and 13 is such that the lower side is the N pole as shown in the figure. Also, electromagnet 1
The excitation current to 4.15 is supplied by a wiring pattern formed on the printed circuit board 4, and when the excitation current is applied in accordance with the key-on data that instructs the key to be pressed, the The first electromagnet 14 has an S pole with a polarity in the direction of attracting the first permanent magnet 11, and the second electromagnet 15 has an N polarity with a direction of repelling the second permanent magnet 13.
When the excitation current is applied in accordance with the key-off data that instructs the key to be released, the first electromagnet 14 has a polarity N in the direction that repels the first permanent magnet 11, contrary to the state shown in the figure. Each electromagnet 14.
Direction of excitation current to 15 or each electromagnet 14.15
The winding direction of the core that makes up the core is selected. Next, the configuration of the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 2 will be explained. The electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 2 includes a keyboard section 100 equipped with a plurality of keys 1-1 to 1-n spanning a predetermined octave range, and keys corresponding to each section 1-1 to 1-n of this keyboard section 100, respectively. Key drive unit 20 including drive devices 10-1 to 10-n
0. The key drive section [10-1 to 10-] of this key drive section 200
The driver circuit 300 that excites the driver circuit 300 detects which key has been pressed among the plurality of keys 1 of the keyboard section 100, and in automatic performance mode outputs drive data regarding the next key to be pressed in time series. central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as
CPU) 400, a mode selection switch unit 500 that instructs the CPU 400 to select normal performance mode or automatic performance mode, and a read-only memory (ROM) 600 that stores various data and programs necessary for generating musical tones.
, a random access memory (RAM) 700 that stores various data during the musical tone generation process, pitch data KN representing the pitch of the musical tone to be generated, and a key-on signal KON'' that instructs the start of sound generation. 400, musical waveform data of a pitch corresponding to the pitch data KN is generated, and the amplitude of the musical waveform data is controlled by an envelope waveform generated in synchronization with the key-on signal KON''. A musical tone generation circuit 8 that performs and outputs
00 and the musical waveform data outputted from the musical tone generating circuit 800 are converted into analog musical tone signals, and the amplifier 802
and a DA converter 801 which generates musical tones by inputting them to a speaker 803 via a DA converter 801. The driver circuit 300 that excites the key drive devices 10-1 to 10-n, as shown in the detailed configuration in FIG. Excitation current output circuits 300-1 to 301-n input excitation current in the direction of arrow A or arrow B to the excitation current output circuits 300-1 to 301-n, and the excitation signal of the amplitude level corresponding to the driving force data PD indicating the attractive force of the electromagnet 14.15 to be excited. A multiplexer 302 selectively outputs the excitation signal output from the DA converter 301 to excitation current output circuits 300-1 to 300-n corresponding to the intended key drive device 10, The flip-flop 303 is set by key-on data KOH and reset by key-off data KOF. The excitation current output circuits 300-1 to 300-n include transistors Ql and Q2 that amplify the excitation signal input from the multiplexer 302, a transistor Q3 that is turned on by the set output of the flip-flop 303, and an inversion of the flip-flop 303. When the flip-flop 303 is set by the key-on data KON, the transistor Q3 is conductive, so the excitation signal amplified by the transistor Q2 is transmitted to the electromagnets 14 and 15 as shown in the arrow. It is applied as an excitation current in the direction. However, when the flip-flop 303 is reset by the key-off data KOF, the transistor Q4 is conductive, so the excitation signal amplified by the transistor Q1 is applied to the electromagnets 14, 15 in the direction of arrow B as an excitation current. Note that the multiplexer 302 determines the destination of the excitation signal to be distributed based on the pitch data KN of the key to be pressed. Then, the pitch data KN and the driving force data PD indicating the attraction force of the electromagnet are inputted from the CPU 400 for each key as a set of driving data corresponding to each key to be pressed. input in synchronization with On the other hand, the ROM 600 stores in advance programs and various data necessary for musical tone generation, but in addition to this, as information for performing automatic performance, as shown in the data format of Fig. 4, there is information regarding key press drive operations. indicates the pitch of the musical tones corresponding to the keys to be pressed sequentially as the song progresses, starting with the key-on data KON that instructs the key to be pressed (to start sounding). Pitch data K
N, tone length data LD indicating the length of the musical tone (including the length of the rest), and an electromagnet 14 for generating the musical tone.
One set includes driving force data PD indicating the driving force (attraction force) of No. 15, and key-off data KO indicating that the key should be released (to stop sounding) regarding the key release operation.
With F as the first key, pitch data KN indicating the pitch of the musical tone corresponding to the key to be released, and driving force data indicating the driving force (attraction force) of the electromagnet 14, 15 when stopping the musical tone. PD becomes one set, and these are automatically performed as many sets as the automatic performance data Di, D2 . They are stored sequentially as . Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. First, the keys 1-1 to 1-n are automatically pressed by the key drive section 200 based on data stored in the ROM 600, and a musical tone is generated in an automatic performance mode in which a musical tone corresponding to the pressed key is generated. The case will be explained with reference to the flowchart in FIG. First, the automatic performance mode is selected by the mode selection operation of the mode selection switch section 500, and the start of automatic performance is instructed. Then, CPU400 is ROM600
The automatic performance data Di, D2.・
Read out ・・・・・・・・・ one note at a time. Therefore, like automatic performance data D1. For automatic performance data starting with key-on data KON, pitch data KN and note length data LD. Driving force data PD and key-on data KON are input to the driver circuit 300 (step Sl). When the DA converter 301 of the driver circuit 300 receives the driving force data PD, it converts the data PD into an analog excitation signal having a corresponding amplitude level and inputs it to the multiplexer 302 . The multiplexer 302 converts the input analog excitation signal into the target key 1 (1-1 to 1-n) according to the pitch data KN input from the CPU 400.
) compatible excitation current output circuit (300-1 to 300-
n). For example, if the excitation signal when reading the first set of automatic performance data D1 is input to the excitation current output circuit 300-1, this excitation signal is transmitted to the transistors Ql and Q2.
However, since the transistor Q3 is conductive due to the key-on data KON, an exciting current is generated in the direction of the arrow A in the path of the transistor Q2, the electromagnet 15, 14, the transistor Q3, and the ground potential, and the key drive device 10- 1 electromagnet 14.15 (step S
2). As a result, the first electromagnet 14 of the key drive unit [10-1 has an attractive force to the first permanent magnet 11, and the second electromagnet 15
A repulsive force is generated by the second permanent magnet 13A-, and the front end 7 of the key 1-1 is rotated downward by the combined force of these electromagnetic forces, so that the key 1 is pressed and driven at high speed. will be done. The driving force in the key depression direction in this case depends on the driving force data PD. When the front end 7 of the key 1-1 is pressed down, the switch element facing the pressing protrusion 19, which has the longer downward length of the two switch elements 17 and 18 provided on the lower surface of the key 1-1. 1
7 is turned on first, and then the switch element 18 facing the shorter pressing projection 20 is turned on. Based on the signal when the switch element 17 is turned on, the CPU 400 moves the push shaft to the key 1-
Recognize that it is 1. At the same time, data indicating the key pressing speed based on the time difference between the timings at which the switch elements 17 and 18 are turned on, that is, initial touch data IT
D is detected (step S4). Then, press this initial touch data ITD and press the pitch data K of axis 1-1.
In addition to transferring the ON signal of the switch element 17 to the musical tone generating circuit 800 along with N, the ON signal of the switch element 17 is further transferred to the musical tone generating circuit 800 as a key-on signal KON'' to instruct the musical tone generating circuit 800 to start sound generation.The musical tone generating circuit 800 receives the input pitch data. After generating musical waveform data with a pitch corresponding to KN and controlling the amplitude of the musical waveform using initial touch data ITD, the data is input to the DA converter 801. DA converter 80
1 converts the input musical waveform data into an analog musical tone signal of a corresponding amplitude level, amplifies it in an amplifier 802, and then makes it sound as a musical tone from a speaker 803. Thereafter, based on the tone length data LD read from the ROM 600 at the same time as the pitch data KN, it is determined whether the sound generation time after generating the key-on signal "KON" has reached the time indicated by the tone length data LD (step S5 ).As a result, if the time indicated by the tone length data LD has not been reached, the generation operation of musical tones of the same pitch is continued until the time indicated by the tone length data LD is reached.However, if the generation time reaches the time indicated by the tone length data LD, For example, the next set of automatic performance data D2 is stored in the ROM600.
(Step S6). The next set of automatic performance data D2 is a key-off that instructs the release of the key 1-1, along with pitch data KN and suction force data PD, in order to stop producing the musical tone of the pitch corresponding to the key 1-1. Contains data KOF. Therefore, the CPU 400 outputs the pitch data KN of the automatic performance data D2 and the suction force data P.
D along with key-off data KOF in the driver circuit 300
(Step SL). When the attraction force data PD regarding the release of the key 1-1 is input, the DA converter 301 of the driver circuit 300 converts the data PD into an analog excitation signal having a corresponding amplitude level and inputs it to the multiplexer 302. do. The multiplexer 302 converts the input analog excitation signal into CP
The tone pitch data KN input from U400 is delivered to the excitation current output circuit 300-1 corresponding to the target key 1-1. The excitation signal input to the excitation current output circuit 300-1 is
The current is amplified by transistors Ql and Q2, but since transistor Q4 is conductive due to key-off data KOF, an excitation current is generated in the direction of arrow B in the path of transistor Q1, electromagnets 14 and 15, transistor Q4, and ground potential, and the key is turned on. It is applied to the electromagnet 14.15 of the drive device 1o-1 (step S6). As a result, the first electromagnet 14 of the key drive device 1o-1 has a repulsive force against the first permanent magnet 11, and the second electromagnet 15
An attractive force is generated on the second permanent magnet 13, and the front end 7 of the key 1-1 is rotated upward by the combined force of these electromagnetic forces, so that the key 1 is driven to release the key at high speed. will be done. The driving force in the key release direction in this case depends on the attraction force data PD. In this way, the key 1-1 is driven in the key release direction, and when the driving time elapses for a certain period of time, the CPU 400 stops the excitation of the electromagnet 14.15 (steps S7 and S8).
). That is, the attraction force data P to the driver circuit 300
Stop the supply of D. Then, since the amplitude of the excitation signal output from the DA converter 301 becomes "0", the transistor Ql. The amplitude of the excitation signal output from Q2 also becomes "0". As a result, the excitation state of the electromagnets 14 and 15 of the key drive device 1-1 is released, and the key 1-1 is moved to the balance springs 5 and 6.
It is held in the horizontal state before the key press operation by the elastic force of the key. Here, the reason why the excitation of the electromagnets 14 and 15 is stopped after the driving time in the key release direction has elapsed is a certain period of time, in order to suppress wasteful consumption of excitation current. These operations are sequentially executed one note at a time until the last musical tone of the piece of music is generated. When the last tone of the song has been produced, the tone generation operation in the automatic performance mode is ended (step S9). As described above, according to this embodiment, when driving the key 1 in the depression direction or the key release direction, the first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 provided at the front end 7 and the rear end 1'2 of the key 1 are activated. In addition, since the magnet is excited so that an attractive force is generated on one side and a repulsive force is generated on the other, the force in the rotating direction due to the repulsive force is added to the force in the rotating direction of the key 1 due to the attractive force. Therefore, the key 1 is rotated with a larger force than when driven only by attractive force (or repulsive force). the result. It is possible to speed up both key press and release operations. 111 Riri FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key drive device according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 7 is an overall block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which this keyboard device is applied. In addition to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment has a printed circuit board mounted on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2 below the L-shaped stopper plate 21.
2 is attached, and a pressure sensor 23 is disposed on the upper surface of this printed circuit board 22 at a position facing the lower surface 24 of the L-shaped stopper plate 21, and after the key 1 is driven to the depressed state, the key is further depressed. The pressure when the stopper plate 21 is pressed, that is, the aftertouch state is detected by the pressing force of the lower surface 24 of the stopper plate 21 pressing the pressure sensor 23. Further, driving in the key pressing direction is performed by generating a repulsive force against the second permanent magnet 13 only in the second electromagnet 15, and after the key is pressed, the first electromagnet 14 is driven in the key pressing direction. By generating an attractive force to the permanent magnet 11 of No. 1 and pushing it further down in the pressing direction, an aftertouch response function can be realized. Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 7 to which this key driving device is applied, there is a pressure sensor unit 230 consisting of pressure sensors 23-1 to 23-n for each key, and a pressure sensor unit 230 that is output from the pressure sensor unit 230. converts the analog aftertouch signal into aftertouch data ATD corresponding to the amplitude of the signal
, an AD converter 240 that inputs input to the PU 400 is provided. In addition, the electromagnets 14.1 of the key drive devices 1o-1 to 10-n
The driver circuit 310 is configured as shown in FIG. 8, so that the two electrodes 5 can be excited independently of each other with different exciting currents. That is, the driver circuit 310 consists of two systems of driver circuits 310A and 310B, and the driver circuit 310A, which is in charge of driving in the key depression direction and the υ key release direction, corresponds to driving force data PD corresponding to the key depression speed. A DA converter 311A that converts into an amplitude excitation signal and a key driving device 10-1
Transistors 313A-1 to 313A-n input excitation current to the electromagnets 15 of ~10-n, and a key drive device [10-1 to 10-n] for the purpose of excitation signals output from the DA converter 311A. Corresponding transistor 313A
-1 to 313A-n, and a multiplexer 312A for selectively outputting the base signals. On the other hand, the driver circuit 310B, which is responsible for driving the key to further push the key down from the pressed state, includes a DA converter 311B that converts aftertouch data ATD indicating the pressing force after the key is pressed into an excitation signal with a corresponding amplitude. , transistors 313B-1 to 313B-n that input excitation current to the electromagnets 14 of the key drive devices 10-1 to 10-n, and the D
A multiplexer 312B selectively outputs the excitation signal output from the A converter 311B to the bases of transistors 313B-1 to 313B-n corresponding to the target key drive devices 10-1 to 10-n. On the other hand, the ROM 600 stores in advance the programs and various data necessary for generating musical tones, as in the above-mentioned embodiments, but in addition to this, the 9th
As shown in the data format in the figure, for key-press driven operations, the key must be pressed (starting sound generation).
Starting with key-on data KON that instructs KON, pitch data KN indicating the pitch of the musical tones corresponding to the keys to be pressed sequentially as the music progresses, and the length of the musical tones (including the length of rests). One set includes tone length data LD indicating the tone (including), driving force data PD indicating the driving force (repulsion force) of the electromagnet 15 when generating the musical tone, and aftertouch instruction data ATD indicating the pressing force of the aftertouch. , and regarding the key release drive operation, the key-off data KOF, which instructs that the key should be released (to stop sounding), is the beginning, and the sound that indicates the pitch of the musical tone corresponding to the key that is to be released. High data K
N becomes one set, and these are automatically performed as many sets as the required number of sets in the order of progression of the music. They are stored sequentially as . Next, we will discuss the operation in the automatic performance mode of the above configuration in the 10th section.
This will be explained with reference to the flowchart shown in the figure. First, the automatic performance mode is selected by the mode selection operation of the mode selection switch section 500, and the start of automatic performance is instructed. Then, CPU400 is ROM600
The automatic performance data Di, D2.・
Read ・・・・・・・・・ one note at a time. Therefore, automatic performance data starting with key-on data KON, such as automatic performance data DI, includes pitch data KN and note length data LD. The driving force data PD and aftertouch data instruction ATD are input to the driver circuit 310 (step 520). When the driving force data PD is input, the DA converter 311A of the driver circuit 310 converts the data PD into an analog excitation signal having a corresponding amplitude level, and inputs the analog excitation signal to the multiplexer 312A. The multiplexer 312A inputs the input analog excitation signal to the bases of the transistors 313A-1 to 313A-n corresponding to the target key 1 (1-1 to 1-n) according to the pitch data KN input from the CPU 400. do. For example, if the excitation signal when reading the first set of automatic performance data D1 is input to the transistor 313A-1, this excitation signal is input to the transistor 313A-1.
The current is amplified by the electromagnet 1 of the key drive device 10-1.
5 (step 521). As a result, repulsion against the second permanent magnet 11 occurs in the second electromagnet 15 of the key drive device 10-1. Due to this repulsive force, the front end 7 of the key 1-1 is rotated downward, and the key 1-1 is driven to the depressed state. The driving force in the pressing direction in this case depends on the driving force data PD. When the key 1-1 is pressed down, of the two switch elements 17.18 provided on the underside of the key 1-1, the switch element 17 facing the pressing protrusion 19 with the longer downward length is pressed first. Then, the switch element 18 facing the shorter pressing protrusion 20 is turned on. The CPU 400 recognizes that the pressed key is the key 1-1 based on the signal when the switch element 17 is turned on. At the same time, data indicating the key pressing speed, that is, initial touch data TD, is detected based on the time difference between the timings at which the switch elements 17 and 18 are turned on (step 523).
), this initial touch data ITD is transferred to the musical tone generating circuit 800 together with the pitch data KN of the depressed key 1-1, and furthermore, the on signal of the switch element 17 is converted into the key on signal KON'' to the musical tone generating circuit 800. 800 to instruct the start of sound generation.The musical sound generation circuit 800 generates musical waveform data of a pitch corresponding to the input pitch data KN, and further controls the amplitude of the musical sound waveform using initial touch data ITD. After that, it is input to the DA converter 801. DA converter 80
1 converts the input musical waveform data into an analog musical tone signal of a corresponding amplitude level, amplifies it in an amplifier 802, and then makes it sound as a musical tone from a speaker 803. When a certain period of time has elapsed after the start of sound generation in this way (step 524), the aftertouch instruction data ATD read out along with the key-on-de-KON is transferred to the key 1-1 specified by the pitch data KN. Key drive device 1 compatible with
It is input to the DA converter 311B of 0-1. Then, the DA converter 311A converts the aftertouch instruction data ATD into an analog excitation signal having a corresponding amplitude level, and inputs it to the multiplexer 312B. The multiplexer 312B converts the input analog excitation signal into a transistor 313B- corresponding to the target key 1-1 according to pitch data KN input from the CPU 400.
1. Enter in one entry. As a result, the excitation signal is current-amplified by the transistor 313B-1 and applied to the electromagnet 14 of the key drive device 10-1 (step 525).
). As a result, an attractive force is generated in the first electromagnet 14 of the key drive device 1i10-1 toward the first permanent magnet 11 while maintaining the generation of the repulsive force of the second electromagnet 15 described above, and this attractive force is generated in the first electromagnet 14 of the key drive device 1i10-1. The key 1-1, which has already been pressed down by force, has its front end 7
is further rotated downward to enter the aftertouch drive operation state. When key 1-1 is pressed to the aftertouch drive operation state,
Pressure sensor 23 provided on the lower surface of #l-1 L-shaped stopper plate 21 is pressed by lower surface 24 . This results in
The pressure sensor 23 outputs aftertouch data ATD" indicating the pressing force of aftertouch. The CPU 400 detects the aftertouch state based on this aftertouch data ATD" (step 526), and then the CPU 400 detects the aftertouch state based on this aftertouch data ATD". " is transferred to the musical sound generating circuit 800. The musical sound generating circuit 800 changes, for example, the waveform shape of the musical waveform of the pitch corresponding to the input pitch data KN in accordance with the aftertouch data ATD". As a result, the timbre of the musical tone being sounded from the speaker 803 changes in accordance with the aftertouch data ATD. After that, the key-on signal KON is generated by the pitch data KN and the tone length data LD read from the ROM 600. It is determined whether the sounding time after the tone length data LD has reached the time indicated by the tone length data LD (step 527). The generation operation is continued. However, if the sound generation time has reached the time indicated by the note length data LD, the next set of automatic performance data D2 is stored in the ROM.
600 (step 828). The next set of automatic performance data D2 starts with key-off data KOF, which instructs the release of key 1-1, along with pitch data KN, in order to stop the sound production of musical tones with the pitch corresponding to key 1-1. Contains. Therefore, the CPU 400 inputs the pitch data KN of the automatic performance data D2 to the driver circuit 310, and sets the suction force data PD and aftertouch data ATD input to the driver circuit 310 to "0". Then, the DA converters 311A, 3 of the driver circuit 310
Since the amplitude of the excitation signal output from 11B is rOJ, the first. The excitation of the second electromagnets 14 and 15 is released (step 529). As a result, the second electromagnet 15 of the II drive device 1o-1
The repulsive force generated by the electromagnet 14 and the attractive force generated by the first electromagnet 14 stop, and the front end 7 of the key 1-1 is rotated upward by the elastic force of the balance springs 5 and 6. , is driven to the key release state. These operations are performed one by one in sequence until the last musical note of the piece of music is generated. When the last tone of the song has been produced, the tone generation operation in the automatic performance mode is ended (step 530). In this way, according to this embodiment, the drive in the key depression direction is
This is done by causing only the electromagnet 15 to generate a repulsive force to the second permanent magnet 13, and after the key is pressed, the first electromagnet 14 generates an attractive force to the first permanent magnet 11. Since the aftertouch response function can be realized by pressing the key down further in the direction of the key depression, it can be implemented in a keyboard instrument with an aftertouch response function to change the tone, etc. after the key is depressed. Note that II is returned to the state before the key was pressed by the elastic force of the balance springs 5 and 6, but as in the first embodiment, the first electromagnet 14 is It is preferable that the second electromagnet 15 generates a repulsive force and an attractive force for the second permanent magnet 13 to return the key to the state before the key was pressed. In this way, the aftertouch response function can be realized and 1. The key press speed and key release speed can be increased. By the way, in the above embodiment, a musical tone is generated electronically by operating a key in a pressed state, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited to this. It can also be applied to natural musical instruments in which a sounding body such as a string actually vibrates in response to operation. FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a key 1-1 in which the present invention is applied to an acoustic piano, which is a type of natural musical instrument. That is, in this embodiment, a support 26 is provided upright on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2, a hammer arm 28 is rotatably attached to a support shaft 27 at the tip of this support 26, and key presses based on automatic performance data are provided. When a driving operation is performed, the #1-1 end pushes up the protrusion 29 on the back of the hammer arm 28, causing the hammer 37 that hits the first string 39 to be moved to the hammer arm 28.
Rotate counterclockwise using the inertia of the weight 38 inside.
The string 39 is struck, and after the string is struck, the hammer arm 28 and a weight 38 built into the arm 28 are used to return the string to its original position. Similarly to FIG. 1, the key 111-1 is configured to be driven into the key-depressed state by the first and second electromagnets 14 and 15. These means constitute a musical sound generating means that actually hits the strings 39 to generate musical sounds. This musical tone generating means is provided in place of the musical tone generating circuit 800, DA converter 801, amplifier 802, and speaker 803 which constitute the musical tone generating means of the first embodiment. Note that the switch element and the pressing protrusion for detecting the initial touch are not required, so they are not attached. This configuration also provides the same effects as the first embodiment. That is, in this key structure, CPU 400 performs an automatic performance operation based on the flowchart shown in FIG. Note that in these flowcharts, steps that perform the same processing as in FIG. 5 are represented by the same symbols. The basic operation is to generate musical tones electronically, but the only difference is whether or not the strings are actually vibrated, so we will explain from the point when the key is driven to the depressed state. First, when the key 1-1 is driven to the pressed state, the end of the key 1-1 pushes up the protrusion 29 on the back of the hammer arm 28, causing the hammer 37 that strikes the string 39 to move to the hammer arm 2.
Rotate clockwise using the inertial force of the weight 38 in 8. As a result, the string 39 is struck, and a musical tone is produced at a pitch corresponding to the natural frequency of the string 39 and at a volume corresponding to the string striking force of the hammer 37. After the string is struck, the key 1-1 is returned to its original position by the hammer arm 28 and the weight 38 built into the arm 28. After this, similarly to the first embodiment, it is determined based on the tone length data LD read from the ROM 600 whether the sound generation time after driving the key 1-1 has reached the time indicated by the tone length data LD. However, if the key release state has been reached, automatic performance data for the next key release driving operation is read out and the key release state is returned to. This operation is continued until the last tone of the song is played. Therefore, with this key structure as well, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Note that instead of hitting the strings with the hammer 37, a pressure sensor may be pressed, and musical tones may be generated electronically based on the output of this pressure sensor. Figure 13 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a keyboard device to which a key drive device according to the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the rear end of the key 1 is rotatably supported by a spring 41 on a support member 40 erected on the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2, and one end of a flexible board 42 is fixed to the lower surface of the front end of the key 1. , the other end is fixed to the upper surface of the keyboard chassis 2, and first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 are disposed on this flexible substrate 42 so as to face each other. Also,
Switch element 1 for detecting initial touch state
7.18 and the pressing members 19, 20 are also arranged on the flexible substrate 42. The first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 are cores that penetrate the flexible substrate 42 and are inserted and fixed into holes on the bottom surface of the key 1 and holes on the top surface of the keyboard chassis 2, as shown in an enlarged cross section in FIG. 43, 44, and coils 45, 46 wound flat around these cores 43, 44. In this configuration, when Ill is driven in the key-pressing direction, the first and second electromagnets 14 and 15 are excited so that their magnetic poles are oriented to attract each other, and when Ill is driven in the key-release direction, the first and second electromagnets 14, 15 are excited. 1. The second electromagnets 14 and 15 are excited so that their magnetic poles repel each other. Therefore, with this key structure as well, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, the flexible substrate 42 has a first
Since the second electromagnets 14 and 15 are formed into a flat shape, the structure is compact, and the key 1 has little space.
Can be easily installed on the underside of the [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In the key driving device according to claims 1 and 3, it is possible to speed up both the key pressing operation and the key releasing operation, and it is possible to accurately follow and automatically perform even fast-tempo music. Become. Moreover, in the key drive device according to claim 2. It can be implemented on a keyboard instrument with an aftertouch function to change the tone, etc. after a key is pressed. Moreover, in the key drive device according to claim 4. It has a compact structure and can be easily installed on the underside of a key where there is little space. Moreover, in the key drive device according to claim 5. With a simple structure, it is possible to transmit the electromagnetic force of one electromagnet to the end of the key where the other electromagnet is installed, and easily obtain the combined force of the electromagnetic force of the two electromagnets. The key can be driven both in the depression direction and the key release direction using only the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet. Further, in the key driving device according to claim 6, in the non-driving state before the key press operation, the key can be kept horizontal even if the first and second electromagnets are in the non-excited state, so that the exciting current can prevent wasteful consumption of Moreover, in the key drive device according to claim 7. The attractive force or repulsive force of the first and second electromagnetic means can be strengthened to ensure reliable key driving. Further, in the key driving device according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the timbre, etc. of musical tones can be changed depending on the initial touch state. Furthermore, the key driving device according to the ninth aspect of the present invention can be incorporated into a natural musical instrument that actually vibrates a sounding body such as a string.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows the first keyboard device to which the key drive device of the present invention is applied.
2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which the keyboard device of FIG. 1 is applied, FIG. 3 is a detailed configuration diagram of a driver circuit, and 4th WI is a configuration of automatic performance data. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an overview of the automatic performance operation, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key driving device of the present invention is applied, and FIG.
The figure is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which the keyboard device of FIG. 6 is applied, and FIG. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of the driver circuit.
FIG. 9 is a format diagram showing the structure of automatic performance data;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an overview of automatic performance operation;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of a keyboard device to which the key drive device of the present invention is applied, FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an overview of automatic performance operation, and FIG.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the keyboard device to which the dynamic device is applied, and FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 13. 1・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
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・・・・・・・・・・・・Key 2・・・・・・・・・・・・
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・・・・・・・・・Keyboard chassis 4・・・・・・・・・・
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・・・・・・・・・Printed circuit board 5.6・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ Balance spring 10.10-1~10-n・・・・・・
......Key drive device 11...
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......First permanent magnet 13...
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...First permanent magnet 14...
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...First electromagnet 15...
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...Second electromagnet 17...
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・First switch element 18・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・Second switch element 2
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・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ Pressure sensor 28 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ Hammer arm 37・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
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・・・Hammer 39・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
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・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・String 42・・・・・・
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・・・・・・Flexible board 43.44・・・・・・
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・・・・・・・・・・・・Core 45.46・・・・・・
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・・・・・・・・・・・・Coil 100・・・・・・・・・
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......Keyboard section 200...
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・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Key drive section 300.3
10・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
...Driver circuit 400...
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・・・・・・・・・・・・CPU800・・・・・・・・・
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...Musical sound generation circuit patent issuer Casio Computer Co., Ltd. 10th rI! J Figure 12

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A first electromagnet means provided at the front end of each key swingably mounted on the keyboard chassis, a second electromagnet means provided at the rear end of the key, and a second electromagnet means provided at the rear end of each key. drive information generating means for generating key press driving information for instructing driving in the key pressing direction and key release driving information for instructing driving the key in the key releasing direction; and from the driving information generating means When the key press driving information is generated, the first electromagnetic means is driven to attract in response to the key press driving information, thereby simultaneously driving the front end of the key to perform a suction operation. , the second electromagnetic means is repulsively driven, thereby driving the rear end of the key to perform a repulsive operation, and on the other hand, when the key release information is generated from the drive information generating means, In response to the key release drive information, the first electromagnetic means is driven to repel, thereby driving the front end of the key to perform a repulsive operation, and at the same time, the second electromagnetic means is driven to attract, and this A key driving device comprising: a key driving means for driving the rear end of the key to perform a suction operation; (2) A first key provided on either the front end side or the rear end side of each key that is swingably mounted on the keyboard chassis.
a second electromagnet means provided on either the rear end side or the front end side of the key; key press drive information for instructing driving of the key in the key press direction; drive information generation means for generating aftertouch information for instructing further key press drive after the key press drive; and when the key press drive information is generated from the drive information generation means, the key press In response to drive information, one of the first and second electromagnetic means is driven, thereby driving the front end steel of the key to operate the key, and the other drive information generating means If the aftertouch information is generated from the aftertouch information, in response to the aftertouch information,
key driving means for simultaneously driving both the first and second electromagnetic means, thereby driving the front end side of the key to press the key; and a key driving means provided between the key and the keyboard chassis. , a pressure-sensitive means for detecting a pressing operation state of the key. (3) A first electromagnet provided on the front end side of each key that is swingably mounted on the keyboard chassis, and a second electromagnet provided on the keyboard chassis at a position opposite to this first electromagnet. a drive information generating means for generating key press drive information for instructing the key to be driven in the key press direction and key release drive information for instructing the key to be driven in the key release direction; Based on the key press drive information generated from the generating means, the first
energizing the first and second electromagnets to generate an attractive force between the second electromagnets and driving the key in the key-pressing direction;
A key that drives the key in a key release direction by exciting the first and second electromagnets so that a repulsive force is generated between the first and second electromagnets based on key release drive information of the key. A key drive device comprising: a drive means; (4) The key driving device according to claim 3, wherein the first and second electromagnets are attached to opposing positions of a flexible board disposed on the lower surface of the key and the upper surface of the keyboard chassis. . (5) The key according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the key has a seesaw structure and is supported so as to move up and down by a support member provided between the front end and the rear end. key drive. (6) The key is elastically supported by an elastic member that holds the key horizontally with the operating surface when the first and second electromagnets are not driven. Key drive as described. (7) The key drive device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second electromagnet means are composed of a permanent magnet fixed on the key side and an electromagnet fixed on the keyboard chassis side. . (8) The key drive device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising key press speed detection means for detecting a key press speed when the key is pressed. (9) The rear end of each of the keys further includes sounding body striking means for hitting the sounding body in response to the rocking of the rear end. key drive.