JP2821766B2 - Water treatment method using immobilized biocatalyst for microorganisms, enzymes, etc. - Google Patents
Water treatment method using immobilized biocatalyst for microorganisms, enzymes, etc.Info
- Publication number
- JP2821766B2 JP2821766B2 JP15548289A JP15548289A JP2821766B2 JP 2821766 B2 JP2821766 B2 JP 2821766B2 JP 15548289 A JP15548289 A JP 15548289A JP 15548289 A JP15548289 A JP 15548289A JP 2821766 B2 JP2821766 B2 JP 2821766B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- immobilized
- biocatalyst
- water
- microorganisms
- magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims description 79
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 title claims description 79
- 239000011942 biocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 60
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 10
- 101100476210 Caenorhabditis elegans rnt-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 9
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 6
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- UBYFFBZTJYKVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Mn+4].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Mn+4].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UBYFFBZTJYKVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- MTPJEFOSTIKRSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propanenitrile Chemical compound CN(C)CCC#N MTPJEFOSTIKRSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002907 paramagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、微生物，酵素等の生体触媒と、磁性体とを
固定化して得られる固定化生体触媒による水処理方法、
さらに詳しくは、主として下水，廃水中に含まれる易分
解性の有機物の他、難分解性物質，毒性物質，窒素，リ
ン等を反応槽内の固定化生体触媒の濃度を制御しながら
分解除去しうる水処理方法に関するものである。The present invention relates to a water treatment method using an immobilized biocatalyst obtained by immobilizing a biocatalyst such as a microorganism or an enzyme and a magnetic substance.
More specifically, in addition to easily decomposable organic substances mainly contained in sewage and wastewater, hardly decomposable substances, toxic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. are decomposed and removed while controlling the concentration of the immobilized biocatalyst in the reaction tank. Water treatment method.
（従来の技術） 従来、汚濁物質を処理するための水処理方法として
は、浮遊性微生物を用いる活性汚泥法、固着性の微生物
を用いる生物膜法、或いは磁性体を含まない通常の固定
化物を用いる方法等が開発されている。(Prior art) Conventionally, as a water treatment method for treating pollutants, an activated sludge method using a floating microorganism, a biofilm method using a sticky microorganism, or a usual immobilized substance containing no magnetic substance is used. Methods to be used have been developed.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） しかしながら、これらの方法においては、いずれも種
々の微生物の混合系から各々の若しくは特定の微生物の
みを選択的に回収し、或いは他の微生物が生存する系に
特定の微生物を添加した後に、再度その微生物のみを回
収することは不可能である。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in each of these methods, each or a specific microorganism alone is selectively recovered from a mixed system of various microorganisms, or the specific microorganism is identified as a system in which other microorganisms survive. It is impossible to recover only the microorganism again after adding the microorganism.
従って、このような選択的な回収等が不可能であるた
めに、反応槽内の微生物濃度を制御しながら水処理を行
うことが不可能となっていた。Therefore, since such selective recovery is impossible, it has been impossible to perform water treatment while controlling the concentration of microorganisms in the reaction tank.
また、これらの方法では、培養が容易でない貴重な細
菌も余剰汚泥として微生物の混合系から不用意に引き抜
かれることとなる。In addition, in these methods, valuable bacteria that are not easily cultivated are inadvertently extracted from the mixed system of microorganisms as surplus sludge.
本発明は、このような問題点を解決するためになされ
たもので、種々の微生物の混合系から各々の若しくは特
定の微生物のみを選択，回収し、流入水質，処理成績の
変化に合わせて対象となる微生物を適量に反応槽内に返
送することにより、個々の微生物，酵素等の濃度制御を
行いながら微生物，酵素反応を行わしめることを課題と
するものである。The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and selects and recovers each or specific microorganisms from a mixed system of various microorganisms, and subjects the selected microorganisms to changes in inflow water quality and treatment results. It is an object of the present invention to perform a microorganism and enzyme reaction while controlling the concentration of individual microorganisms and enzymes by returning an appropriate amount of microorganisms to the reaction tank.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされた
もので、その課題解決のための手段は、水質汚濁物質を
分解しうる２種以上の微生物または酵素等の生体触媒
と、磁気特性の異なる２種以上の磁性体とを、それぞれ
１種ずつ固定化して磁気特性の異なる２種以上の固定化
生体触媒をそれぞれ形成し、次に、上記のようにして形
成された各固定化生体触媒を、反応槽内において水と接
触させて水質汚濁物質を分解し、その後、反応槽から処
理水とともに流出する前記固定化生体触媒を、その磁気
特性の相違に応じてそれぞれ別々に分離，回収して水処
理を行うことにある。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and means for solving the problems includes two or more microorganisms or enzymes capable of decomposing water pollutants. , And two or more magnetic materials having different magnetic properties are immobilized one by one to form two or more immobilized biocatalysts having different magnetic properties, respectively. Each immobilized biocatalyst thus formed is brought into contact with water in a reaction tank to decompose water pollutants, and then the immobilized biocatalyst flowing out of the reaction tank together with the treated water is subjected to a difference in its magnetic properties. And then separate and collect the wastewater separately to perform water treatment.
また、磁性体を添加せずに生体触媒のみを固定化した
非磁性固定化生体触媒を形成し、この非磁性固定化生体
触媒を上記のような磁性化された固定化生体触媒ととも
に用いて処理することも可能である。In addition, a non-magnetic immobilized biocatalyst in which only the biocatalyst is immobilized without adding a magnetic substance is formed, and the non-magnetic immobilized biocatalyst is treated together with the magnetized immobilized biocatalyst as described above. It is also possible.
さらに、非磁性固定化生体触媒としては、粒径の異な
る２種以上のものを使用してもよい。Further, as the non-magnetic immobilized biocatalyst, two or more types having different particle sizes may be used.
（作用） 本発明は、上述のように、磁気特性の異なる少なくと
も２種の磁性体をそれぞれ微生物，酵素等の生体触媒と
ともに固定化されて、磁気特性の異なる固定化生体触媒
が形成されることとなり、それ故にこのような磁気特性
の異なる固定化生体触媒は、その磁気特性の相違に応じ
てそれぞれ別々に分離，回収されることとなる。(Function) As described above, according to the present invention, at least two types of magnetic substances having different magnetic properties are immobilized together with biocatalysts such as microorganisms and enzymes to form immobilized biocatalysts having different magnetic properties. Therefore, the immobilized biocatalysts having different magnetic properties are separately separated and recovered according to the difference in the magnetic properties.
また、磁性化された固定化生体触媒の他、非磁性固定
化生体触媒を用いる場合には、磁性の有無によっても分
離，回収可能である。When a nonmagnetic immobilized biocatalyst is used in addition to the magnetized immobilized biocatalyst, separation and recovery can be performed depending on the presence or absence of magnetism.
さらに、非磁性固定化生体触媒として粒径の異なる２
種以上のものを使用すれば、磁気的な分別の他、粒径の
相違に応じて分離，回収することもできる。Further, as a non-magnetic immobilized biocatalyst, two particles having different particle sizes are used.
If more than one species are used, they can be separated and recovered according to the difference in particle size, in addition to magnetic separation.
いずれにしても、種々の微生物，酵素の混合系から各
々の若しくは特定の微生物，酵素のみを分離，回収する
ことができるのである。In any case, each or specific microorganisms and enzymes alone can be separated and recovered from a mixed system of various microorganisms and enzymes.
（実施例） 以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described.
（１） 固定化物の作成 先ず、アクリルアミド法により固定化微生物を作成す
る過程について説明する。(1) Preparation of immobilized substance First, a process of preparing an immobilized microorganism by the acrylamide method will be described.
先ず、遠心分離後の汚泥8g（湿重量）をビーカー（１
）にとる。First, 8 g (wet weight) of the sludge after centrifugation was placed in a beaker (1).
).
次に、そのビーカー内に生理食塩水32mlを添加して混
合した後、磁性体1.6gを添加して混合する。Next, after adding and mixing 32 ml of physiological saline into the beaker, 1.6 g of a magnetic substance is added and mixed.
次に、その懸濁液にアクリルアミドモノマーの60gを
添加，混合した後、架橋剤としてのN,N′−メチレンビ
スアクリルアミド0.32gを混合する。Next, after adding and mixing 60 g of acrylamide monomer to the suspension, 0.32 g of N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent is mixed.
その後、重合促進剤としての５％のβ−ジメチルアミ
ノプロピオニトリル4.0mlを添加し、さらに重合開始剤
としての2.5％のペルオキソ二硫酸カリウムの4.0mlを添
加する。Thereafter, 4.0 ml of 5% β-dimethylaminopropionitrile as a polymerization accelerator is added, and 4.0 ml of 2.5% potassium peroxodisulfate as a polymerization initiator is further added.
そして、これを約37度で約30分間静置すると、ゲル状
の固定化微生物細菌が生成されることとなる。Then, when this is allowed to stand at about 37 ° C. for about 30 minutes, gel-like immobilized microorganisms will be produced.
その後、その固定化微生物を生理食塩水で洗浄した
後、ミキサーにより粉砕して149μｍ以上のもののみ篩
分けした後、水道水で洗浄し、磁気分離することによっ
て所望のゲル状固定化微生物が得られるのである。Then, after washing the immobilized microorganisms with physiological saline, pulverizing with a mixer and sieving only those having a size of 149 μm or more, washing with tap water, and magnetically separating to obtain a desired gel-like immobilized microorganisms. It is done.
（２） ３種の固定化物を混合した系における基質除去 上記のような固定化物の製法によって微生物と磁性体
との異種の固定化物をそれぞれ製造して準備し、これを
活性汚泥のみの固定化物とともに用いて固定化微生物を
３種類ずつ混合した系を２種形成し、それぞれについて
基質除去の回分実験を行った。(2) Substrate removal in a system in which three types of immobilized substances are mixed A different type of immobilized substance of a microorganism and a magnetic substance is manufactured and prepared by the above-described method of producing an immobilized substance, and the immobilized substance of only activated sludge is prepared. Were used to form two types of systems in which three types of immobilized microorganisms were mixed, and a batch experiment for substrate removal was performed for each type.
すなわち、Run1では、 活性汚泥のみ，磁性体なし フェノール分解菌とヘマタイト（寄生強磁性） トリエチレングリコール分解菌とマグネタイト（強
磁性） 上記〜の３種類の固定化微生物を用いる。That is, in Run 1, only activated sludge, no magnetic substance, phenol-degrading bacteria and hematite (parasitic ferromagnetic) Triethylene glycol-degrading bacteria and magnetite (ferromagnetic) The above three types of immobilized microorganisms are used.
また、Run2では、 活性汚泥のみ，磁性体なし フェノール分解菌とピロリン酸マンガン（常磁性） トリエチレングリコール分解菌とマグネタイト（強
磁性） 上記〜の３種類の固定化微生物を用いる。In Run2, activated sludge only, no magnetic substance Phenol-decomposing bacteria and manganese pyrophosphate (paramagnetic) Triethylene glycol-decomposing bacteria and magnetite (ferromagnetic) The above three types of immobilized microorganisms are used.
尚、活性汚泥のみの固定化物（，）は、グルコー
ス等の易分解性物質が処理対象である。In addition, the immobilized substance (,) of only activated sludge is subject to easily decomposable substances such as glucose.
Run1の基質除去回分実験の結果を第１図に示す。 FIG. 1 shows the results of the batch experiment for removing substrate of Run1.
上記はグルコースが、はフェノールが、はトリ
エチレングリコールがそれぞれ処理対象である。In the above, glucose is treated, phenol is treated, and triethylene glycol is treated.
微生物の量や活性が必ずしも同じでないため除去性に
は差があるが、いずれも時間の経過とともに除去が進ん
でおり、このような３種の微生物の混合系においても、
それぞれの微生物が対象とする汚濁物質を分解している
ことがわかる。Since the amount and activity of the microorganisms are not always the same, there is a difference in the removability, but in all cases, the removal has progressed with the passage of time, and even in such a mixed system of three kinds of microorganisms,
It can be seen that each microorganism decomposes the target pollutant.
また、Run2の結果を第２図に示すが、Run1と同様のこ
とが認められる。The results of Run2 are shown in FIG. 2, and the same results as in Run1 are observed.
（３） 磁性体によりラベル化された固定化物の分離，
回収 上記Run1,2の固定化からそれぞれ次の（ａ），
（ｂ），（ｃ）の手順にて固定化物の分離，回収実験を
行った。(3) separation of the immobilized substance labeled with a magnetic substance,
Recovery From the immobilization of Runs 1 and 2 above,
Separation and recovery experiments of the immobilized substance were performed according to the procedures (b) and (c).
（ａ） Run1或いはRun2の混合物をビーカーに入れ、永
久磁石磁気分離装置によりマグネタイトを含む固定化物
を分離する。(A) The mixture of Run1 or Run2 is put into a beaker, and the immobilized material containing magnetite is separated by a permanent magnet magnetic separator.
（ｂ） 上記（ａ）の残留懸濁液を高勾配磁気分離装置
に通水（Run1では線速度44.2cm/min,Run2では線速度61.
9cm/min）し、ヘマタイト或いはピロリン酸マンガンを
含む固定化物を分離する。高勾配磁気分離装置には、内
径12mm,長さ30mmのセル内に、ステンレス製細線（sus30
4,直径0.3mm）が充填され（充填率3.2％）され、印加磁
場は10kOeである。(B) The residual suspension of the above (a) is passed through a high gradient magnetic separation apparatus (linear velocity 44.2 cm / min in Run 1 and linear velocity 61. in Run 2).
9 cm / min) to separate the immobilized material containing hematite or manganese pyrophosphate. The high gradient magnetic separator has a stainless steel thin wire (sus30) inside a cell with an inner diameter of 12 mm and a length of 30 mm.
4, a diameter of 0.3 mm) is filled (filling rate: 3.2%), and the applied magnetic field is 10 kOe.
（ｃ） 上記高勾配磁気分離装置にて固定化物を分離し
た後、その高勾配磁気分離装置で分離できなかった固体
化物を、さらに32メッシュ（500μｍ）の網状スクリー
ンによって分離回収する。(C) After the immobilized material is separated by the high gradient magnetic separation device, the solidified material that could not be separated by the high gradient magnetic separation device is further separated and collected by a 32 mesh (500 μm) mesh screen.
この結果、Run1では、フェノール分解菌とヘマタイト
との固定化物の回収率は48.4％であった。As a result, in Run 1, the recovery of immobilized phenol-degrading bacteria and hematite was 48.4%.
また、Run2では、トリエチレングリコール分解菌とマ
グネタイトとの固定化物の回収率は87.4％であった。ま
た、フェノール分解菌とピロリン酸マンガンとの固定化
物の回収率は12.4％であった。In Run 2, the recovery of the immobilized product of triethylene glycol-decomposing bacteria and magnetite was 87.4%. The recovery of the immobilized product of the phenol-decomposing bacteria and manganese pyrophosphate was 12.4%.
尚、Run1では、マグネタイトの他、ヘマタイトを含
み、これらはともにFeを含む化合物であるため、直接に
はマグネタイトの回収率を求めることができない。そこ
で、Run1では、Run2の結果をそのまま適用してマグネタ
イトの回収率は87.4％とした。Note that Run 1 contains hematite in addition to magnetite, and both of these are compounds containing Fe. Therefore, the recovery rate of magnetite cannot be determined directly. Therefore, in Run1, the recovery rate of magnetite was set to 87.4% by applying the result of Run2 as it was.
いずれにしても、マグネタイトを含む固定化物は、永
久磁石磁気分離装置により容易に分離することができ
る。In any case, the immobilized material containing magnetite can be easily separated by a permanent magnet magnetic separation device.
一方、ヘマタイトを含む固定化物の高勾配磁気分離法
による回収率（48.4％）及びピロリン酸マンガンを含む
固定化物の回収率（12.4％）はそれほどの高収率ではな
いが、これはフィルターの長さが30mmと短いこと、とく
に後者はそのセル中の線速度（61.9cm/min）が前者の線
速度（44.2cm/min）よりも大きいことなどに起因してお
り、操作条件の変更により回収率を高めることは容易に
行える。On the other hand, the recovery rate of the immobilized substance containing hematite by the high gradient magnetic separation method (48.4%) and the recovery rate of the immobilized substance containing manganese pyrophosphate (12.4%) are not so high. Is shorter than 30mm, especially the latter is due to the fact that the linear velocity (61.9cm / min) in the cell is higher than the former linear velocity (44.2cm / min). Increasing the rate is easy.
さらに、上記のような網状スクリーンによって回収率
はほぼ100％となった。すなわち、このような網状スク
リーンの使用により、磁気のみでは分離し得ない固形化
物を分離することができるのである。Furthermore, the recovery rate was almost 100% due to the mesh screen as described above. That is, by using such a reticulated screen, a solidified substance that cannot be separated only by magnetism can be separated.
尚、上記の高勾配磁気分離装置への通水は１回のみで
あるが、多数回循環して通過させることによっても回収
率は増加する。Although the water is passed through the high gradient magnetic separation device only once, the recovery rate is increased by circulating and passing the water many times.
また、網状スクリーンとしてはたとえば第３図に示す
ようなものが使用される。Further, as the reticulated screen, for example, a screen shown in FIG. 3 is used.
すなわち、同図のように網状スクリーン１がベルトコ
ンベアとしてローラー2,2に掛け回された構成からなる
もので、パイプ３の排水口４から流出される処理水はこ
の網状スクリーン１の網目を通過するが、非磁性固定化
物５はこの網目を通過せず、同図のように網状スクリー
ン１上で搬送され、分離，回収されることとなるのであ
る。That is, as shown in the figure, the mesh screen 1 is configured to be wound around rollers 2 and 2 as a belt conveyor, and the treated water flowing out from the drain port 4 of the pipe 3 passes through the mesh of the mesh screen 1. However, the non-magnetic fixed material 5 does not pass through this mesh, but is conveyed on the mesh screen 1 as shown in FIG.
（４） 反応槽への返送 上述のようにして永久磁石磁気分離装置や高勾配磁気
分離装置により分離，回収された固体化物は、再度反応
槽に返送され、再利用されることとなる。(4) Return to the reaction tank The solidified material separated and recovered by the permanent magnet magnetic separator or the high gradient magnetic separator as described above is returned to the reaction tank again and reused.
このような返送，再利用により、微生物混合系の連続
的な水処理作業が可能となる。By such return and reuse, continuous water treatment operation of the mixed microorganism system becomes possible.
（５） 以上の結果より、磁性体と微生物を含む固定化
物は、対象とする汚泥物質の除去ができるとともに、そ
の磁気特性の差によって個別的に分離，回収することが
でき、このような処理方法によって微生物の高濃度化，
濃度制御が可能な微生物混合系の水処理が連続的に可能
となる。(5) From the above results, the immobilized material containing the magnetic substance and the microorganisms can be separated and recovered individually due to the difference in the magnetic characteristics while removing the target sludge substance. High concentration of microorganisms by the method,
Water treatment of a microorganism mixture system capable of controlling the concentration can be continuously performed.
尚、上記実施例では、強磁性体としてマグネタイト、
寄生強磁性体としてヘマタイト、常磁性体としてピロリ
ン酸マンガンをそれぞれ使用したが、使用する磁性体の
種類は決してこれに限定されるものではない。また、そ
の数も該実施例の２種に限定されず、それ以上であって
もよい。In the above embodiment, magnetite as a ferromagnetic material,
Hematite was used as the parasitic ferromagnetic material, and manganese pyrophosphate was used as the paramagnetic material. However, the type of the magnetic material used is not limited thereto. Also, the number is not limited to the two types of the embodiment, and may be more.
さらに、上記実施例では、磁性体を具備せず活性汚泥
のみを具備する固定化物として１種のものを用いたが、
たとえば直径1mmと0.5mmという２種のものを用いること
も可能である。この場合には、上記のような網状スクリ
ーンとは別の粒度の異なる網状スクリーン（たとえば60
メッシュ,250μｍ）を設置することによって上記直径の
異なる固定化物をそれぞれ別々に分離，回収することが
でき、分離，回収しうる固定化物の種類を増加すること
ができ、ひいては微生物の濃度制御等をより高精度に行
うことができるという効果がある。Further, in the above embodiment, one kind of immobilized material having only activated sludge without magnetic material was used,
For example, two types having a diameter of 1 mm and 0.5 mm can be used. In this case, a reticulated screen having a different particle size from the reticulated screen (for example, 60
By installing a mesh (250 μm), it is possible to separately separate and recover the above-mentioned immobilized substances having different diameters, to increase the types of immobilized substances that can be separated and recovered, and to control the concentration of microorganisms. There is an effect that it can be performed with higher accuracy.
また、微生物の種類も上記実施例のトリエチレングリ
コール分解菌やフェノール分解菌に限らず、要は、水質
汚濁物質を分解しうるような微生物であればよい。In addition, the type of microorganism is not limited to the triethylene glycol-decomposing bacteria and the phenol-degrading bacteria of the above-described embodiment, but any microorganism may be used as long as it can degrade water pollutants.
さらに、このような微生物に代えて、これらの微生物
由来の酵素を使用することも可能である。要は、このよ
うな微生物や酵素等の生体触媒が用いられていればよ
い。Further, instead of such microorganisms, it is also possible to use enzymes derived from these microorganisms. The point is that a biocatalyst such as a microorganism or an enzyme may be used.
さらに、上記実施例では、固定化物の磁気特性の相違
に応じて、永久磁石式磁気分離装置と、高勾配磁気分離
装置とがそれぞれ設けられているが、磁気分離装置の種
類や数は該実施例に限定されるものではなく、使用する
磁性体の数や種類に応じて任意に変更可能である。Further, in the above embodiment, a permanent magnet type magnetic separation device and a high gradient magnetic separation device are provided according to the difference in the magnetic properties of the immobilized material. The present invention is not limited to the example, and can be arbitrarily changed according to the number and type of magnetic materials used.
さらに、上記実施例では網状スクリーンを設置したた
め、上記のように磁気で分離し得ない固定化物をも分離
でき、また、網状スクリーンを２以上設置することによ
り大きさの異なる非磁性固定化生体触媒を別々に分離で
きるという好ましい効果が得られたが、このような網状
スクリーンを設けることは本発明に必須の条件ではな
い。Further, in the above embodiment, since the mesh screen is provided, the immobilized substance which cannot be separated by magnetism as described above can be separated, and the non-magnetic immobilized biocatalysts having different sizes can be separated by installing two or more mesh screens. Has been obtained, but the provision of such a mesh screen is not an essential condition of the present invention.
また、非磁性固定化生体触媒を用いることも本発明の
条件ではなく、２種以上の磁性化固定化生体触媒の磁気
分離のみでは不十分な場合に必要に応じて行えばよい。The use of a non-magnetic immobilized biocatalyst is not a condition of the present invention, and may be performed as necessary when magnetic separation of two or more types of immobilized biocatalysts alone is insufficient.
尚、磁気分離装置や網状スクリーンの後に、通常の沈
澱池を設置すると、固定化されていない活性汚泥が固定
化物とともに混合されている場合でも、それらを沈澱池
で分離することが可能である。If a normal sedimentation basin is installed after the magnetic separation device or the reticulated screen, even if unfixed activated sludge is mixed with the immobilized material, they can be separated by the sedimentation basin.
また、上記実施例では、分離，回収後の固定化物を反
応槽に返送したために、その固定化物の再利用が可能と
なり、ひいては水処理作業を連続的に行えるという効果
を得られたが、本発明の処理工程においては、この反応
槽への返送は必須の工程ではない。Further, in the above embodiment, since the immobilized material after separation and recovery was returned to the reaction tank, the immobilized material could be reused, and the effect of continuously performing water treatment was obtained. In the processing step of the invention, the return to the reaction tank is not an essential step.
さらに、磁性体と微生物，酵素等の固定化生体触媒と
を固定化する固定化剤や固定化の方法についても上記実
施例に限定されるものではなく、要はこれらが離散する
ことなく、固定化された状態を維持するような固定化剤
や固定化方法が用いられればよい。Further, the immobilizing agent and the immobilizing method for immobilizing the magnetic substance and the immobilized biocatalyst such as microorganisms and enzymes are not limited to those in the above-described embodiment. An immobilizing agent or an immobilizing method that maintains the immobilized state may be used.
さらに、本発明の用途も、下水，廃水処理の他、広く
水処理全般に使用することが可能である。Further, the use of the present invention can be widely used in general water treatment in addition to sewage and wastewater treatment.
（発明の効果） 叙上のように、本発明は、磁性体として磁気特性の異
なる少なくとも２種のものを用い、その異種の磁性体を
それぞれ微生物，酵素等の固定化生体触媒と１種ずつ固
定化して、その固定化生体触媒をいわゆるラベル化、す
なわち磁気特性の異なる２種以上の固定化生体触媒を形
成し、そのラベル化された生体触媒を水と接触させて水
質汚濁物質を分解し、その後、処理水とともに前記固定
化生体触媒を、その磁気特性の相違に応じてそれぞれ別
々に分離して水処理を行う方法なるため、このような磁
気特性の異なる固定化生体触媒は、その磁気特性の相違
に応じてそれぞれ別々に分離，回収されることとなる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention uses at least two types of magnetic materials having different magnetic properties, and uses the different types of magnetic materials one by one with immobilized biocatalysts such as microorganisms and enzymes. After immobilization, the immobilized biocatalyst is so-called labeled, that is, two or more immobilized biocatalysts having different magnetic properties are formed, and the labeled biocatalyst is brought into contact with water to decompose water pollutants. Then, the immobilized biocatalyst together with the treated water is a method in which water treatment is performed by separately separating the immobilized biocatalysts according to the difference in their magnetic properties. According to the difference in the characteristics, they are separately separated and collected.
よって、種々の生体触媒の混合系から各々の若しくは
特定の生体触媒のみを分離，回収することができ、磁性
体の数や種類を変えて種々の生体触媒とともに固定化
し、且つ磁気分離装置の性能や操作条件を変えることに
より、個々の固定化物毎に分離，回収が可能となり、ひ
いては各微生物や酵素等の生体触媒の濃度を任意に制御
することが可能となり、生体触媒の高濃度化が可能にな
るという効果がある。Therefore, each or only specific biocatalysts can be separated and recovered from a mixed system of various biocatalysts, immobilized together with various biocatalysts by changing the number and types of magnetic materials, and the performance of the magnetic separation device. By changing the operating conditions, it is possible to separate and recover individual immobilized substances, and thus to control the concentration of biocatalysts such as microorganisms and enzymes arbitrarily, and to increase the concentration of biocatalysts Has the effect of becoming
また、上記のような磁性化固定化生体触媒とは別に、
磁性化されていない固定化生体触媒を用いれば、その非
磁性化固定化生体触媒として粒径の異なる２種以上のも
のを準備とすることにより、上記のような磁気による分
離，回収の他、粒径の相違によっても固定化生体触媒の
分離，回収を行うことができ、この結果、分離，回収す
べき固定化生体触媒の種類を増加することも可能とな
り、上記のような固定化生体触媒の濃度制御等をより高
精度にて行えるという効果がある。Also, apart from the magnetized and immobilized biocatalyst as described above,
If a non-magnetized immobilized biocatalyst is used, two or more kinds of non-magnetized immobilized biocatalysts having different particle diameters are prepared. In addition to the above-described separation and recovery by magnetism, The immobilized biocatalyst can be separated and recovered depending on the difference in particle size. As a result, it is possible to increase the types of immobilized biocatalysts to be separated and recovered. Has the effect that density control and the like can be performed with higher accuracy.
第１図はRun1における３種の固定化物の基質除去の回分
実験のグラフあり、（イ）は残留グルコース濃度の経時
変化、（ロ）は残留フェノール濃度の経時変化、（ハ）
は残留トリエチレングリコール濃度の経時変化を示す。 第２図はRun2における３種の固定化物の基質除去の回分
実験のグラフあり、（イ）は残留グルコース濃度の経時
変化、（ロ）は残留フェノール濃度の経時変化、（ハ）
は残留トリエチレングリコール濃度の経時変化を示す。 第３図は網状スクリーンで分離，回収する状態を示す概
略説明図。FIG. 1 is a graph of a batch experiment of substrate removal of three kinds of immobilized substances in Run1, (a) is a time-dependent change in residual glucose concentration, (b) is a time-dependent change in residual phenol concentration, (c)
Indicates a change with time of the residual triethylene glycol concentration. FIG. 2 is a graph of a batch experiment of substrate removal of three kinds of immobilized substances in Run2, wherein (a) is a time course of the residual glucose concentration, (b) is a time course of the residual phenol concentration, and (c)
Indicates a change with time of the residual triethylene glycol concentration. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a state of separation and recovery with a mesh screen.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C02F 3/00 C02F 1/00──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C02F 3/00 C02F 1/00
Claims (3)
物又は酵素等の生体触媒と、磁気特性の異なる２種以上
の磁性体とを、それぞれ１種ずつ固定化して磁気特性の
異なる２種以上の固定化生体触媒をそれぞれ形成し、次
に、上記のようにして形成された各固定化生体触媒を、
反応槽内において水と接触させて水質汚濁物質を分解
し、その後、反応槽から処理水とともに流出する前記固
定化生体触媒を、その磁気特性の相違に応じてそれぞれ
別々に分離，回収して水処理を行うことを特徴とする微
生物，酵素等の固定化生体触媒による水処理方法。1. A biocatalyst such as two or more microorganisms or enzymes capable of decomposing water pollutants and two or more magnetic substances having different magnetic properties are immobilized one by one, and two or more biocatalysts having different magnetic properties are immobilized. Each type of immobilized biocatalyst is formed, and then each immobilized biocatalyst formed as described above is
The immobilized biocatalyst which is brought into contact with water in the reaction tank to decompose water pollutants and then flows out together with the treated water from the reaction tank is separated and recovered separately according to the difference in the magnetic properties thereof, and is then separated from the water. A water treatment method using an immobilized biocatalyst such as a microorganism or an enzyme, wherein the treatment is performed.
物又は酵素等の生体触媒と、磁気特性の異なる２種以上
の磁性体とを、それぞれ１種ずつ固定化して磁気特性の
異なる２種以上の固定化生体触媒をそれぞれ形成し、且
つ磁性体を添加せずに生体触媒のみを固定化した非磁性
固定化生体触媒を形成し、次に、上記のようにして形成
された各固定化生体触媒を、反応槽内において水と接触
させて水質汚濁物質を分解し、その後、反応槽から処理
水とともに流出する前記固定化生体触媒を、その磁気特
性の相違若しくは磁性の有無に応じてそれぞれ別々に分
離，回収して水処理を行うことを特徴とする微生物，酵
素等の固定化生体触媒による水処理方法。2. A biocatalyst such as two or more kinds of microorganisms or enzymes capable of decomposing water pollutants and two or more kinds of magnetic substances having different magnetic properties are immobilized one by one, respectively. More than one kind of immobilized biocatalysts are formed, respectively, and a nonmagnetic immobilized biocatalyst is formed by immobilizing only the biocatalyst without adding a magnetic substance, and then each immobilized biocatalyst formed as described above is formed. The immobilized biocatalyst is brought into contact with water in the reaction vessel to decompose water pollutants, and then the immobilized biocatalyst flowing out of the reaction vessel together with the treated water is subjected to a difference in magnetic properties or the presence or absence of magnetism. A water treatment method using an immobilized biocatalyst such as a microorganism or an enzyme, wherein the water treatment is carried out by separately separating and collecting the microorganisms and enzymes.
物又は酵素等の生体触媒と、磁気特性の異なる２種以上
の磁性体とを、それぞれ１種ずつ固定化して磁気特性の
異なる２種以上の固定化生体触媒をそれぞれ形成し、且
つ磁性体を添加せずに生体触媒のみを固定化した粒径の
異なる２種以上の非磁性固定化生体触媒を形成し、次
に、上記のようにして形成された各固定化生体触媒を、
反応槽内において水と接触させて水質汚濁物質を分解
し、その後、反応槽から処理水とともに流出する前記固
定化生体触媒を、その磁気特性の相違若しくは磁性の有
無に応じて、または粒径の相違に応じてそれぞれ別々に
分離，回収して水処理を行うことを特徴とする微生物，
酵素等の固定化生体触媒による水処理方法。3. A biocatalyst such as two or more microorganisms or enzymes capable of decomposing water pollutants, and two or more magnetic substances having different magnetic properties are immobilized one by one, each having a different magnetic property. Forming at least two types of immobilized biocatalysts, and forming at least two types of nonmagnetic immobilized biocatalysts having different particle diameters in which only the biocatalyst is immobilized without adding a magnetic substance; Each immobilized biocatalyst thus formed,
The immobilized biocatalyst which is brought into contact with water in the reaction tank to decompose the water pollutant and then flows out of the reaction tank together with the treated water, according to the difference in magnetic properties or the presence or absence of magnetism, or the particle size Microorganisms characterized in that they are separately separated and collected according to the differences and then subjected to water treatment,
A water treatment method using an immobilized biocatalyst such as an enzyme.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15548289A JP2821766B2 (en) | 1989-06-16 | 1989-06-16 | Water treatment method using immobilized biocatalyst for microorganisms, enzymes, etc. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15548289A JP2821766B2 (en) | 1989-06-16 | 1989-06-16 | Water treatment method using immobilized biocatalyst for microorganisms, enzymes, etc. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0321393A JPH0321393A (en) | 1991-01-30 |
| JP2821766B2 true JP2821766B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
Family
ID=15607012
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|
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| CN108002545B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Pollutant Degradation Methods |
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- 1989-06-16 JP JP15548289A patent/JP2821766B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
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