JP2824232B2 - Underwater forest creation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for constructing a marine forest centered on marine algae and for improving the marine environment to bring about the breeding of fish and shellfish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and fish and shellfish and seaweed are being multiplied and cultured. However, in coastal areas, seaweed beds have disappeared due to various causes, and the number of fish and shellfish that have been living in the seaweed beds has been drastically reduced.

[0003] In general, seaweeds grow and propagate on relatively shallow seabed rocks, but rocks are covered with calcareous algae in the seas where the sea is burnt, and seaweeds are hard to grow on and grow very poorly. In the case of sandy muddy sea areas, seaweed hardly grows. Therefore, it is necessary to bring in algal bodies and introduce seaweed for regenerating seaweed beds in such seashores and in seaweed beds in sandy and muddy seas.

In conventional seaweed bed regeneration and seaweed bed construction, concrete blocks and natural stones are thrown into the seabed, and the concrete shape and location of the concrete blocks sunk on the seabed are devised. Attempts have been made to achieve various improvements (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-255).
027, JP-A-2-76525). However, these methods not only have a small chance of forming seaweeds in sea areas where seaweeds are poorly grown, but also have difficulty in obtaining good settlements due to alkali components in concrete, and may also cause spores and larvae of seaweeds. However, even if they adhere to the block surface, there is a problem that they are easily spilled out by ocean currents or sand mud due to a low degree of fixation.

[0005] In addition, a columnar or tubular culture formed by winding a felt-like fiber assembly into a roll or a culture formed by using a belt-like felt is floated in the middle of the sea or settled on the seabed. Thus, attempts have been made to increase the size of the settled area and promote the adhesion of spores of seaweed floating in the sea (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-56199, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 4-71448). However, these construction methods also have similar problems in sea areas where seaweeds do not grow well, and are not only structurally complex, but also due to secular changes and the like, aging of the structures and clogging of felt. There is a problem that the original function for undersea forest development is easily damaged.

[0006] Further, since the type of seaweed that forms on the structure for creating marine forests is not specified, it is suitable as a feed for aquatic products of high commercial value, such as abalone, turtle and sea urchin, and is excellent in disease resistance and environmentally friendly. Seaweeds capable of adapting to fluctuations do not always settle. Therefore, even if marine algae settled on the structure, there was no guarantee that a high epiphytic efficiency could be obtained as a feed for the marine product, and there was no guarantee that the created marine forest would be permanent.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an underwater forest creation technology using seaweed which satisfies the following items. . (1) Seaweed is suitable as a feed for aquatic products. (2) Algae formation and proliferation are easy and suitable for introduction of seaweed into the sea area. (3) Algae have a large adaptability to environmental changes and excellent disease resistance, and are easy to maintain and manage on land for life. (4) A strong holding force that can withstand ocean currents and waves in the sea is obtained. (5) The effect of growth on the water depth is small and the application range is wide. (6) Easy handling.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the spores, juveniles, and mature bodies of the iridescent larva belonging to the family Laminariaceae are focused on. Alternatively, at least one of the crawling roots (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as algal bodies, etc.) is attached to a structure for construction, and spores, juveniles, mature bodies, or crawling roots of the tiger larva are used as nuclei in the marine forest. The technical means of building was adopted. According to the second aspect of the present invention, at least one of spores, juveniles, mature bodies, and creeping roots of the tiger squid is attached via a suitably shaped support base that can be attached to the construction structure. Means were adopted.

[0009]

[Action] In addition to the reproductive method using zoospores possessed by other seaweeds, the above-mentioned tiger algae has excellent characteristics as a seaweed seedling for marine forest development in that it can grow through creeping roots (root branches). It also has a great feature in that it can be proliferated by a creeping root that is appropriately cut into lengths. In addition, as a result of numerous experiments, it has been found that this turtle algae is comparable to other algae marine algae as a feed for aquatic products such as abalone, turtle and sea urchin. Furthermore, it has a large adaptability to environmental change, can be cured on land, and can easily maintain life on land. In particular, it has been found that the mature body is sufficiently resistant to storage in a high-density state in a land tank and hardly rots. This property is not found in ordinary larvae or scallops, and is extremely useful in preparing a large amount of seaweed when large numbers of construction structures are required to form large-scale marine forests. It is valid. In addition, the ability to adapt to the water depth is large, and it has been confirmed that it grows in a wide sea area from a sea area of about 200 m to a shallow sea area of several meters. Therefore, according to the present invention in which the periwinkle is used as a seaweed seed, it is possible to reliably create a permanent marine forest from the above characteristics of the periwinkle, and it is extremely effective in terms of handling as a seed and its large supply. It works. further,
If the algal bodies of the tiger algae are attached to a structure for construction via a supporting substrate, for example, when attaching a creeping root or a mature body of the tiger algae to the supporting substrate on land or at sea, a staple or a binding band is used. Since it can be easily fixed to the supporting substrate by using, for example, attachment work is easy, and a stable fixed state can be easily obtained. And
When submerged in the sea, the mature body first firmly attaches a temporary root to the supporting base part, gradually spreads the creeping root on the surface of the structure, proliferates through the creeping root, and in the case of the creeping root, The foliate body erects from a part of it, grows while firmly stretching the temporary roots, and in addition to the zoospore reproductive method, the growth of seaweeds proceeds more reliably via the crawling root and the state of retention of algal bodies etc. It grows well without detaching from the construction structure side due to the ocean currents and waves. In particular, when a rod-shaped short piece is used as a supporting substrate and a matured body is to be adhered thereto, a temporary root portion can be wound therearound, so that the attaching operation is easy. In addition, since it is possible to store and cultivate in land tanks and the like, it is easy to supply a large amount of algal bodies and the like, and it can withstand transportation as well,
Even when the marine forest is located far away, it is possible to reliably supply high-quality algal bodies and the like as cores. In addition, the ability to adapt to the water depth is large, so that the applicable range to the sea area is extremely wide.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The form of the tiger larva used in the present invention may be any as long as it attaches at least one of a spore, a juvenile, a mature body and a creeping root to a structure for construction. It is also possible to combine several types and attach them to the structure. In this case, the specific structure and shape of the structure for creation and the specific attachment form of the vine can be appropriately selected. Further, as the supporting substrate, a rod-shaped short piece formed into an appropriate shape such as a round bar or a pipe made of wood, a plate-shaped piece formed from various materials, or a cloth-shaped piece formed into an appropriate shape is used. Spores, larvae,
After forming at least one of a matured body or a creeping root and forming a seaweed seed-bearing piece, the seaweed seed-bearing piece can be attached to the structure at an appropriate time. In that case, the seaweed seedling support piece formed using the former rod-shaped short support base is fitted into a fitting hole or the like formed at an appropriate position on the structure side, and using an adhesive or the like as necessary. It can be attached or attached using fixing means such as nails. Further, the seaweed seedling supporting piece formed by using the latter supporting substrate consisting of a plate-like piece or a cloth-like piece may be attached to the structure side using an appropriate fixing means such as an adhesive, a nail, or a bolt. it can. In addition, as a structure for the construction of an underwater forest, a block-shaped structure formed appropriately from concrete, natural stone, synthetic material, or the like, or a wood or bamboo material such as a thinning material based on the block-shaped structure is used as a base. This includes a wide range of structures, such as structures with standing pillars.

In the case where spores or juveniles of Tiger algae are attached using the above-mentioned supporting substrate, the rod-like short piece, plate-like piece or cloth-like piece constituting the supporting substrate, and if necessary, algae-cultured on the surface thereof in advance. Prepare a thing coated with paint and immerse it in a water tank or the like containing seawater etc. containing the spores of vines for a predetermined period of time while holding the position using net material etc. and wait for the young body to settle Is one way.
Another method is to directly fix the creeping root, the mature body, or the young body that has grown to some extent directly to the supporting substrate by using a fixing means. In this case, the creeping root or the temporary root is fixed to the supporting base using an appropriate fixing means such as an adhesive, a binding tool, or a hitting tool so as not to damage the creeping root or the temporary root, and further immersed in a water tank or the like as necessary. And settle. In that case, if the temporary root of the seaweed is attached so as to be wound around the supporting substrate, the temporary root grows so as to embrace the supporting substrate, and if a creeping root is used, it grows with the growth of the foliate body. Since the temporary roots are similarly extended and securely bonded, a strong holding state capable of sufficiently opposing the ocean current and waves can be obtained. In addition, as the above-mentioned algae nourishment paint, a water environment improvement paint containing a photosynthetic bacterium, a carrier using porous particles and a nutrient component of the photosynthetic bacterium is suitable as described later. The application of the algal nourishing paint promotes the formation and growth of the seaweed, and the coating of the algal nourishing paint protects the supporting substrate, thereby increasing the water resistance and extending the service life of the seaweed seed-bearing piece.

[0012] The seaweed seed-bearing piece formed through the step of attaching the alga body of the tiger algae to the supporting substrate is attached to the structure at an appropriate time. In this case, it is important that the pieces of the seaweed seeds and the seedlings are immersed in seawater or the like to maintain the algal bodies in a good life state until they are finally settled in the sea. This is because whether or not high quality algae bodies and the like can be actually provided for the development of the marine forest is affected, and this has a great influence on the subsequent development results. In this case, in the present invention, tiger algae is used as an algal species, and since the tiger algae has a large ability to adapt to environmental changes and has excellent disease resistance as described above, it is extremely easy to maintain and maintain life. Yes,
In particular, the mature body can be stored at a high density. Therefore, in the case of transporting to a construction site by a barge or the like, it is possible to supply a large amount of higher quality algal bodies and the like because the life and maintenance during that time is easy. As described above, when transported in the form of a seaweed seedling-bearing piece in which algae and the like made of tiger algae are adhered to a supporting substrate made of small pieces, the maintenance of moisture and temperature during the transportation is performed by, for example, styrofoam or the like. Can be carried out by a simple method such as packing in a box. In addition, a large amount of seaweed seed and seedling-bearing pieces can be maintained and managed in a small space.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the entire appearance of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view showing an enlarged portion thereof, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a vine. . In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a submarine forest construction structure, and a whole skeleton is formed by a base 2 made of a stone material such as a concrete block and a column 3 made of an appropriate number of woods erected on the base 2. Is formed. In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a seaweed seed-bearing piece, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. As the wood used for the pillar 3, natural wood such as thinned wood is peeled off as it is and coated with an alga nourishing paint described later, or wood processed into a cylindrical or prismatic shape. A product coated with an algae paint is used. It is desirable that the attachment portions of the seaweed seed-carrying pieces 4 to the column 3 are shifted from each other so that the seaweed seed-carrying pieces 4 do not compete with each other in the same plane as much as possible. Further, the base material 2 made of a stone material only needs to have a weight and a shape enough to stabilize the structure 1 when it is laid on the seabed. The base material 2 is not particularly limited to the illustrated rectangular parallelepiped, but may be natural stone. When a concrete block is used, it may be an artificial reef by providing a space inside or by appropriately forming a shape. The length of the pillar 3 is appropriately determined according to the water depth of the sunk sea area and the type of seaweed. In any case, it is desirable that the pillar 3 is sunk on the seabed such that the upper end of the pillar 3 does not damage the bottom of a fishing boat or the like.

As the pillar 3, as described above, a material obtained by peeling the skin of a natural tree such as a thinned wood, or a wood processed into a predetermined cross-sectional shape is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, environmental protection and the like. However, bamboo materials and iron pipes may be selected depending on the installation area, and even if they rot, they rarely cause environmental pollution. Of course, use of a synthetic resin pipe is also possible. An appropriate algae paint is applied to the surfaces of these pillars 3 before or after standing on the base 2 to form a coating layer made of the algae paint on the outer surface. In this case, the same algae paint is applied to the outer surface of the base 2 as necessary. The algae paint may be a commonly used well-known one and is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include a photosynthetic bacterium disclosed by the present applicant, a carrier using porous particles, and the photosynthetic bacterium. Paint for improving the environment of water bodies containing nutrients
-247378) is preferable. When such a paint is used, a high growth rate of seaweed can be maintained over a long period of time, and nutrients necessary for growing seaweed can be stably supplied. As a result, renewal is repeated in the seaweed communities, and stable marine forests are created. A required number of underwater forest construction structures 1 formed in this way
By laying and arranging them appropriately on the seabed, a three-dimensional underwater forest foundation is created. In addition, when the undersea forest building structure 1 is installed at a high density, the effect as an artificial reef can be obtained.

The seaweed seed-bearing piece 4 is, as described above,
It is formed by applying the algae paint to the surface of the support base 5 made of small pieces of an appropriate shape such as a piece of wood, if necessary, and attaching the vine alame 6 thereon.
When using the mature form,
The portion of the temporary root portion 7 shown in FIG. 3 is wound around the support base 5 and attached using the above-described appropriate fixing means so as not to damage the temporary root. In the case of a creeping root, it can be fixed by avoiding a bud portion that will become a foliate body in the future, and in the case of a spore or the like, it can be attached by dipping in a water tank containing the spore. The seaweed seed-bearing piece 4 thus obtained is fitted into a fitting hole such as a mortise formed on the outer surface of the pillar 3, and is fixed with an adhesive or the like as necessary. When submerged in the sea, due to the characteristics of the ivy 6, it grows sequentially from the support base 5 to the column 3 via the creeping root 8. Note that, as the algae nourishing paint, the same alga nourishing paint to be applied to the outer surface of the column 3 is used.

In the above embodiment, the supporting substrate 5
Although the case where the truss 6 is attached to the structure side via the above is shown, it is also possible to attach without using the supporting base. Regarding the seaweed seed-bearing piece, an appropriate fitting hole or the like is formed on the surface of the base 2 to attach the seaweed seed-bearing piece formed into a rod shape, or the plate-like or cloth-like shape is formed as described above. The seaweed seed-bearing piece thus obtained can be attached using an adhesive or an appropriate fixing means.

[0017]

According to the present invention, as the algal species of the seaweed seedlings for the construction of marine forests, the periwinkles belonging to the family Laminariaceae are employed, and the algal bodies of the periwinkles are formed via a supporting substrate. As a result of employing the technical means of attaching to a structure, the following effects can be obtained. (1) In addition to the reproductive method using common zoospores, Tiger Alame can be used for propagation by crawling roots and has a large ability to adapt to environmental changes, so that a permanent and good underwater forest is more reliably created. be able to. In addition, it can be propagated in a land tank, etc., and it is easy to supply algal bodies, etc., it is easy to maintain and maintain life on land, it can be stored especially in high density state, and it can withstand transportation sufficiently .
Therefore, even if the marine forest development site is far away,
It is possible to supply a large amount of high-quality algal bodies and the like serving as the nucleus thereof, and it is possible to create a marine forest in which the growth of algal bodies and the like is particularly important in the early stage of development. (2) The ability to adapt to the depth of the fish is extremely large, so the applicable range to the sea area is very wide. (3) When the young or mature body that has grown to some extent can be fixed by wrapping the temporary root portion of the tiger algae around a supporting substrate, etc., it is easy to attach, and a stable fixed state can be easily obtained, and when it is submerged in the sea. In this case, since the temporary roots are firmly stretched around the supporting substrate, the algal cells are well held, and grow smoothly without detaching from the construction structure side due to an ocean current or waves. And, since the creeping root is gradually spread on the surface of the structure and proliferates, a favorable marine forest as a feed for aquatic products is steadily created. (4) If the alga body of the vine is attached to the construction structure side via the supporting substrate, the application range is wide without being affected by the material and shape of the construction structure side.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an entire embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram showing an enlarged part of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the appearance of the vine.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Submarine forest construction structure 2 ... Base 3 ... Pillar 4 ... Seaweed seed and seedling support piece 5 ... Support base 6 ... Tsuruarame 7 ... Temporary root part 8 ... Creeping root

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spore, a juvenile, a mature body, or a creeping root of a tiger scallop belonging to the family Laminariaceae, attached to a structure for construction, and the spore, larva, mature body, or a creeping root of the tiger shark A marine forest creation method characterized by creating a marine forest with a nucleus as a core. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of spores, juveniles, mature bodies, and creeping roots of the periwinkle are attached via an appropriately-shaped supporting base that can be attached to the construction structure. Item 4. The method for creating an underwater forest according to Item 1.